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PSS2.1:Can'tHittheCan!
LearningGoal:
TopracticeProblemSolvingStrategy2.1forproblemsinvolvingkinematicswithconstantacceleration.
Acaristravelingataconstantvelocityofmagnitudev 0 whenthedrivernoticesagarbagecanontheroadinfrontofhim.Atthat
moment,thedistancebetweenthegarbagecanandthefrontofthecarisd.Atimetr afternoticingthegarbagecan,thedriver
appliesthebrakesandslowsdownataconstantratebeforecomingtoahaltjustbeforethegarbagecan.Whatisthemagnitude
ofthecar'saccelerationafterthebrakesareapplied?
MODEL:Usetheparticlemodel.Makeotherappropriatesimplifyingassumptions.
VISUALIZE:Usedifferentrepresentationsoftheinformationintheproblem.
Drawamotiondiagram.Motiondiagramsarepartofthephysicalrepresentation.
Drawapictorialrepresentation.Thishelpsyouassesstheinformationyouaregivenandstartstheprocessof
translatingthatinformationintomathematicalsymbols.
Useagraphicalrepresentationifappropriatefortheproblem.
Gobackandforthbetweenthesethreerepresentationsasneeded.
SOLVE:Themathematicalrepresentationisbasedonthethreekinematicequations
vf = v is + at ,
1 2
sf = si + vis t + as (t) ,
2
and
v
2
fs
= v
2
is
+ 2as s .
Usexory,asappropriatetotheproblem,ratherthanthegenerics.
Ifnecessary,replacesubscriptsiandfwithnumericalsubscriptsdefinedinthepictorialrepresentation.
Recallthat,foruniformmotionwithconstantvelocity,as = 0.
ASSESS:Isyourresultbelievable?Doesithaveappropriateunits?Doesitmakesense?
Model
Startbymakingsimplifyingassumptionsappropriateforthesituation.
PartA
Thecarshouldbetreatedas
ANSWER:
asolidmacroscopicobjectofcertainshapeandsize.
apointlikeparticle.
athinstraightline.
Correct
Visualize
https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/itemView?view=print&assignmentProblemID=83957162 1/6
10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D
Nowdrawamotiondiagramandpictorialrepresentation,includingalltheelementslistedintheproblemsolvingstrategy.Use
yoursketchtoanswerthefollowingquestions.
PartB
Considertheincompletepictorialrepresentationshownhere:.
Missingfromthisfigurearethearrowsrepresentingthe
accelerationofthecarforthetwodifferentsegmentsofthe
motion.Thesearrowsshouldappearbelowthesymbolsa0x and
a1x .
Foreachsegmentofthemotion,indicatewhethertheacceleration
ofthecarshouldbedrawnaspointingtotheright,aspointingto
theleft,orashavingzeromagnitude(andthereforenodirection).
EnterRforright,Lforleft,or0foreachofthetwo
accelerations.Separateyourtwoanswerswithacomma.
ANSWER:
0,L
AnswerRequested
Thelistofknownandunknownquantitiesarealsomissingfromthediagram.You'llneedtofiguretheseoutforyourself
beforeyougoon.
PartC
Whichdiagramcorrectlyshowsposition,velocity,andaccelerationofthemovingcarafterthebrakesareapplied?
ANSWER:
https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/itemView?view=print&assignmentProblemID=83957162 2/6
10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D
Correct
PartD
Diagram(a)inthepreviouspartisincorrectbecauseitleadstowhichofthefollowingincorrectconclusionsaboutthemotion
ofthecar?
Checkallthatapply.
ANSWER:
Thecarismovingatconstantspeed.
Thecarisspeedingup.
Thecarisnotmovinginastraightline.
Thedirectionofaccelerationofthecardoesnotagreewiththevelocityvectors.
Theaccelerationofthecarisdecreasing.
Theaccelerationofthecarisincreasing.
Theaccelerationofthecarischangingdirection.
Correct
PartE
Ofthefollowinglistofvariables,whichrepresentknownquantities?
Checkallthatapply.
ANSWER:
https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/itemView?view=print&assignmentProblemID=83957162 3/6
10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D
x1
v1
t1
x2
v2
t2
AnswerRequested
AmongtheothervariablesinthepictorialrepresentationprovidedinPartB,v 0 isaknownquantityandyoucan
assumethatx0 = 0andt0 = 0.
Solve
Nowusetheinformationandtheinsightsthatyouhaveaccumulatedtoconstructthenecessarymathematicalexpressionsand
toderivethesolution.
PartF
Finda1 ,themagnitudeoftheaccelerationofthecar.
Expressthemagnitudeoftheaccelerationintermsofthevariablesgivenintheproblemintroduction:d,tr ,andv 0 .
Youmayormaynotuseallofthem.
Hint1.Findthedistancetraveled
Whenyouworkedonthepreviousparts,youmusthaverealizedthat,afterthedriverfirstnoticestheobstacle,the
carmovesuniformlyandthenundergoesanegativeaccelerationbeforecomingtoahalt.Findthedistancex2 x1
coveredbythecarafterthebrakesareapplied.
Expressyouranswerintermsofthegivenquantities.Youmayormaynotuseallofthem.
ANSWER:
x2 x1 = d v0 tr
AnswerRequested
Hint2.Whichequationtouse
Youcanusetheequation
v
2
fs
= v . 2
is
+ 2as s
Don'tforgettochangethesymbolsaccordingtoyourpictorialandphysicalrepresentations.
ANSWER:
https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/itemView?view=print&assignmentProblemID=83957162 4/6
10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D
2
v0
a1 =
2(dv0 t r )
AnswerRequested
Assess
Whenyouworkonaproblemonyourown,withoutthecomputerprovidedfeedback,onlyyoucanassesswhetheryouranswer
seemsright.Thefollowingquestionswillhelpyoupracticetheskillsnecessaryforsuchanassessment.
PartG
Whichofthefollowingalgebraicexpressionshavethedimensionsofacceleration?
Checkallthatapply.
ANSWER:
2
v
0
d3v0 t r
2
v
0
d+2v0 t r
2
v t
0
2
dv0 t r
2
(v )d
0
2
(dv0 t r )
3v 0 /t r
AnswerRequested
PartH
Imagineasituationexactlyasgivenintheproblemintroductionexceptthatthedrivercontinuesforalongertimebetween
noticingthecanandhittingthebrakes.Ifheisstilltostopjustbeforehittingthecan,howwouldthemagnitudeofhis
accelerationcomparetothatderivedintheSolvestepabove?
ANSWER:
Itwouldbethesame.
Itwouldbegreater.
Itwouldbesmaller.
https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/itemView?view=print&assignmentProblemID=83957162 5/6
10/4/2017 MasteringPhysics: Assignment 1: Motion in 1-D
Correct
Fromtheansweryouderived,youcanseethatiftr increases,thenthemagnitudeoftheaccelerationwillincrease.Of
course,thedrivercannotwaitsolongbeforehittingthebrakesthatv 0 tr > dotherwisehewillalreadyhavecollided
withthecan.
PartI
Imagineasituationexactlyasgivenintheproblemintroductionexceptthatthedrivernoticesthegarbagecanfromfarther
away.Ifheisstilltostopjustbeforehittingthecan,howwouldthemagnitudeofhisaccelerationcomparetothatderivedin
theSolvestepabove?
ANSWER:
Itwouldbethesame.
Itwouldbegreater.
Itwouldbesmaller.
Correct
Fromtheansweryouderived,youcanseethatifdincreases,thenthemagnitudeoftheaccelerationwilldecrease.
https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/itemView?view=print&assignmentProblemID=83957162 6/6