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Professionnel Documents
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One of the worst industrial disaster in
Malaysia
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EFFECTS OF ACCIDENT AND
ACCIDENT CAUSATION
DR. NURLIDIA MANSOR
HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT CDB1012
SEPT 2016
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Learning Outcome
Industrial Accidents and Causes of Death
Time Lost Because of Work Injuries
Theories on Accident Causation
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What is an Accident?
Discuss with the person on
your right,
Define accident
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What is an Incident?
Define incident
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What is an Accident?
An unintended or unplanned
event
Characterized by unacceptable
consequences
e.g. injury to persons, damage
to assets
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What is an Incident?
Incident is
any observable human activity
that may be a unexpected
event
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Example #1- Struck by a nail
(source: www.osha.gov)
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Nature Of Accidents
Accidents have two components
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A sinking ship for example will result in
damage, loss of life, reputation,
asset and environmental impact
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Accident Causation Theories
Importance of theories
Accident theories:
Good accident theories
can help identify the
sources of problems,
which can lead to theory is the bridge
targeted prevention between experiment
efforts and practice
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Accident Causation Theories
Think of accidents as
being caused,
rather than occurring by
chance we can break them apart,
apply engineering
techniques,
identify the contributing
factors,
and prevent them from
occurring again
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Accident Causation Theories
Purpose of theories
and prevention
To aid accident investigation
system
To provide a classification
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Accident Causation Theories
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Heinrichs Domino theory
Lets guess
what his
theory is all
about
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Heinrichs Domino Theory
Fault of person.
Negative traits are the
reason why people behave
in unsafe manner and why
hazardous conditions exist
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Heinrichs Domino Theory
Unsafe act or condition
Unsafe acts committed by people and mechanical or
physical hazardous conditions are the direct causes of
accidents
Injury.
Typical injuries resulting from accidents
include lacerations and fractures.
Accident.
Accidents that result in injury
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Heinrichs Domino Theory
Of 75,000 accidents
88% due to unsafe acts
10% from unsafe conditions
2% unpreventable
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By-passing safety devices
Failure to wear PPE Unsafe Acts
Wearing unsafe clothing
Failure to secure/to warn
Unauthorized deviation from SOP
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Unsafe Conditions
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Heinrichs Domino Theory
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Human Factors/Error Theory
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Human Factors/Error Theory
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ICEBERG MODEL for Costs of
Accidents
Direct Costs
Immediate costs, easier to
quantify, just the tip of the
iceberg!
Indirect Costs
Hidden costs, hard to
quantify, many times more
than the direct costs.
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Costs Of Accidents
Monetary Implications:
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Learning Outcomes
Cost of Accidents
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