Seismic Atlas of SE Asian Basins

10/10/2017 Seismic Atlas of SE Asian Basins: 2008
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Seismic Atlas of SE Asian Basins

Compilation of seismic images of geological features in Southeast Asia basins,
related to hydrocarbon potential of this region. Countries covered in this atlas:
Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam
Home Introduction Regional Geology Basin Index / Table of Content
Chapters
000 What is new? (1)
Data Provider
The main data provider for this online atlas are:
001 Introduction (1)
002 Regional Geology (1)
003 Table of Content / Basin Index (1)
004 Data Provider (1)
01 Sumatra Fore-arc Basins (1)
02 North Sumatra Basin (1)
03 Central Sumatra Basin (1)
04 South Sumatra Basin (1)
07 Northwest Java Basin (empty) (1)
08 South Java Basin (1)
09 North East Java (1)
10 The Lesser Sunda Islands (1)
11 Timor Sea (1)
13 Arafura Sea Basin (1)
15 Seram Sea and Bintuni Basin (1)
16 Salawati and Halamahera Basins (1)
19 Gorontalo Basin (1)
20 North Sulawesi Basin (1)
21 Tarakan Basin (1)
22 Kutei Basin (1)
23 Makassar Strait Basins (1)
26 Natuna Sea and surrounding area (1)
32 Nam Con Son (1)
34 Phu Khanh Basins (1)
35 Song Hong / Yinggehai Basin (1)
39 Sarawak / Luconia Basin (1)
40 Baram Basin (1)
41 West Palawan (1)
42 East Palawan Basin (1) The committee are thankful for their contributions
43 Sandakan Basin (1)
Followers
Pengikut (54) Berikutnya
Posted by Darman at 5:21 PM No comments:

Labels: 004 Data Provider
http://geoseismic-seasia.blogspot.co.id/2008/ 1/28
Blog Archive Sandakan Basin

2014 (4) Sandakan Basin is located in the northern part of Borneo Island. Similar to other
2013 (2) circum-Borneo basins, the Sandakan Basin is dominated by shallow to deep
marine clastics sequences.
2012 (1)
2011 (2)
Forese
2010 (1) t
2009 (5) featur
2008 (16) es of
November (16) Sehab
Data Provider at
Sandakan Basin Forma
Natuna Sea and Sarawak Basin tion,
Makassar Strait Basins indicat
South Sumatra Basin ing
Central Sumatra Basin sedim
Timor Sea ent
North East Java Basin transp
Arafura Sea Fig. 1. NW-SE Seismic Section of part of Sandakan Basin (Petronas, 2000).
ort
Northwest Java Basin (still empty) from
Baram & Sabah Basin NW to SE. Source: Petronas 2000 in Tate, 2001.
Tarakan Basin
Kutei Basin
North Sumatra Basin
Sumatra Fore-arc Basins
Regional Geology
A
Contributors scetch
of a
Darman seismi
Minarwan (Min) c
sectio
n
across
Total Pageviews Manal
unan-1
112,696 well
which
penetr
ated
the
Sehab
Fig. 2. Manalunan-1 geoseismic interpretation after Wong, 1993. at
format
ion (Modified after Wong, 1993)
NW -
SE
orient
ation
seismi
c
sectio
n
shows
Pad
Basin
which
is
bound
ed by
2
flower
struct
ure
system
(Sourc
e:
Fig. 3. NW-SE orientation seismic section (Petronas 2000)
Petron
as
2000 in Tate, 2001)
Futalan et al.
(2012) published
2 seismic lines in
the Philippines
territory of
Sandakan Basin
(Fig. 4).
Fig. 4. Seismic section and well distribution of Futalan et al. (2012) study.
Seismic interpretation
along a seismic
section by Futalan et
al., 2012.
Fig. 5. Seismic section of Futalan et al. (2012)
A zoom in and detail

seismic interpretation
across Hippo-1 well is
shown in Fig. 6.
References:
Futalan, K., Mitchell,
A., Amos, K., &
Backe, G., Seismic
Fig. 6. Seismic section across Hippo-1 well (Futalan et al., 2012) Facies Analysis and
Structural
Interpretation of the Sandakan Sub-basin, Sulu Sea, Philippines, Search and
Discovery Article #30254 (2012) Posted October 29, 2012
Posted by Darman at 8:40 AM No comments:

Labels: 43 Sandakan Basin
Natuna Sea and Sarawak Basin

The
Natuna
Sea area
is the
southern
extension
of the
South
China
Sea,
mainly in
the
Indonesia
n
territory.
This area
is divided
by two
parts by
Natuna
Arch,
namely West Natuna Basin which extend to Malay Basin in West Malaysia and
East Natuna Basin which extend of Sarawak Basin in East Malaysia
The West Natuna Basin was formed as an intra-continental rift basin within the
Sunda Platform, the southern margin or Eurasian Plate. The basin has
undergone Eocene-Oligocene extension, followed by Miocene to present day
contraction and inversion.
In Late Cretaceous-Early Eocene reconstruction, East Natuna Basin was part of a

large fore-arc basin extending from offshore Veitnam, across Natuna Sea to
Sarawak. The SW-NE trending structures in East Natuna Basin are controlled by
extensional faults and half grabens similar to the ones found in West Natuna
Basin, but the rift magnitude is generally less than the ones in the West Natuna
Basin.
West
Natuna
Seismi
c
Section
s
Seismic
reflecti
on
section
over
the
Anamba
s
graben.
Tectoni
c
inversio
n over the graben occurred during the Miocene. Brown marker is the top
Oligocene, Gabu formaion wheras the blue marker represents the Pliocene
unconformtiy after inversion. The bright spots near basement may represent
lacustrine source rocks with high TOC. Source: Fenstein, 2000.
Play
concept
s for
West
Natuna
basin
(Nether
wood
R.,
2000,
after
Fainstei
n and
Meyer,
1988)
East Natuna Seismic Sections
Seismic
reflecti
on
section
of East
Natuna.
No
inversio
n
occurs
in this
area.
Blu
marker
represe
nts top
of
carbona te reservoirs. Bursa is an oil field and Alpha-D is teh giant Natuna gas
field (source: Fainstein, 2000).
Play concepts for East Natuna basin (source:Netherwood R., 2000, after
Fainstein andMeyer, 1998)
ION
Geophysic
s acquired
deep
seismic in
Natuna
area. The
sections
go as
deep as
40 km.
Below are
a map and
a sample
section from their brochure

References:
Netherwood R., 2000, The Petroleum Geology of Indonesia, in: Blunden, T.
(ed.), Indonesia 2000, Reservoir Optimization Conference, Schlumberger
Posted by Darman at 8:39 AM No comments:
Labels: 26 Natuna Sea and surrounding area
Makassar Strait Basins

Makassar Strait is
located between Borneo
and Sulawesi Island. In
general the region is
separated into two parts
by NW-SE Adang -
Paternoster Lateral
Fault. The northern part
compose of Kutei Basin
in the west, North
Makassar Basin in the
centre and two basins in
the east called Lariang
and Karama Basins. Palu-
Koro Fault set the
northern boundary of the
northern part.
Paternoster Platform and
the South Makassar Basin
is located in the
southern part of this

region.
Tectonic provinces in the Makassar Strait Region (Darman, 2014)
Fig. 2. PGS-1 South-North Seismic section across across Makassar Strait (So
PGS has processed and published a NS seismic line which cross different
tectonic unit in the Makassar Strait. PGS-1 line goes across Muara Sub-basin of
Tarakan Basin in the north, Mangkalihat Platform, North Makassar Basin, South
Makassar Basin, Paternoster Platform and Lombok Basin.
Fig. 3. Location map fo PGS-1 seismic line 1. Palu Koro Fault
The NW-SE oriented

Palu Koro Fault system
developed in the north
of Makassar Strait. This
fault is still active and
generated a number of
significant earth quake
in Sulawesi onshore.
The seismic section
offshore shows a rough
seabottom. Figure 4
shows a seismic section
across the Mangkalihat
Platform on the left and

rough sea-bottom
topography on the right,
which is caused by the
Palu-Koro fault system.
Figure 5 provide the
zoom-in image of Figure
4 to show the detail of
the Palu-Koro fault
system.
Fig. 4. TGS seismic line which shows the Mangkalihat Platform

and the Palu Koro Fault system (right; Baillie, 2005)
Fig. 5. TGS Seismic line, showing the detail of the Palu Koro
Fault in Fig. 4 (Baillie, 2005)
2. Offshore Kutei Basin

The majority of Kutei
Basin covers the
eastern part of
Borneo onshore. The
drainage basin
supplied sediments to
the paleo-Mahakam
Delta which develop
further as deepwater
system in the
Makassar Strait. TGS
MDD99 Line 19 (Fig.
6) shows the margin
between the offshore
Kutei Basin and the
Northern Makassar
Fig. 6. TGS MDD99 Line 19, showing the eastern margin Strait. The seismic
of offshore Kutei Basin. section shows
minimum deformation
in the Northern Makassar Strait (right of Fig. 6) and potential toe-thrust system
developed in the outer margin of the offshore Kutei Basin (left of Fig. 6).
PGS 3D seismic reprocessing in the southern part of offshore Kutei Basin (Fig. 7)
provide some detail images of the deltaic - deepwater system.
Fig. 7. Location map of the 3D seismic reprocessed by PGS.
Fig. 8. Dip line of PGS 3D seismic
Fig. 9. Strike line of PGS 3D seismic
3. Lariang Basin
Structural Styles of
the West Sulawesi
Deep-Water Fold and
Thrust Belt,
Makassar Straits,
Indonesia
by Jose de Vera & Ken McClay

Fault Dynamics Research
Group, Royal Holloway,
University of London, Egham,
United Kingdom
The offshore margin

of West Sulawesi
(eastern Makassar
Fig. 10. Seismic expression ofNorth Makassar Strait (left) and Straits) is
Majene thrust belt (right). After Baillie, 2005. characterized by an
active, Late
Miocene/Early
Pliocene to present
day, NE-SW-trending
and NW-verging
deepwater fold and
thrust belt. The fold
and thrust is
approximately 250 km
long and as much as
75 km wide and
consists of an
Oligocene to present
day succession that
was deposited on
subsiding, thinned,
rifted continental
crust and is now
deformed by SW-to
NE-verging thrust
fault-related folds
deformed on multiple
detachment layers.
Southeastern part of Makassar Basin, Deepwater fold
belts. Source: TGS Based on the across
strike variations in
structural style and bathymetry changes, the West Sulawesi fold and thrust belt
can be divided into five across-strike main structural domains. From northwest
to southeast these are: the abyssal plain, the deformation front, the folded
domain, the thrust domain and the inversion domain. The abyssal plain is solely
deformed by Pliocene to Pleistocene, low-displacement, planar extensional
faults, which are interpreted to be the result of flexural subsidence ahead of
the advancing thrust front. The structural styles of the deformation front are
strongly controlled by inversion of the Pliocene to Pleistocene extensional
faults. Inversion of pre-existing faults controls fault localization and fold
vergence, giving rise to complex wedge and triangle zone geometries.
The structural styles
of the folded and
thrust domains are
characterized by
complex NW- to SE-
trending detachment
and fault-propagation
folds, with multiple
detachment levels
developed in
Oligocene and
Miocene mudstones.
The inversion domain
is the innermost and
oldest element of the
Southeastern part of Makassar Basin, Deepwater fold thrust belt and
belts. Source: TGS
consists of large
anticlines that
resulted from reactivation of Paleocene rift structures. The results presented in
this work are based on the structural analysis of 3480 km of regional 2D seismic
lines.
The structural patterns described here have implications for understanding
fault-fold geometries and growth in other deepwater fold and thrust belts.
Reference:
AAPG Search and Discovery Article #900902009 AAPG Annual Convention and
Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, June 7-10, 2009

Labels: 23 Makassar Strait Basins
South Sumatra Basin

The South Sumatra Basin is most southern back arc basin
of Sumatra Island. It is bounded to the west by an active
volcanic arc along the Sumatra Fault System.The basin
has long petroleum history. Significant number of oil and
gas fields were discovered in this basin. Example of
several seismic section across several fields in this basin
are displayed here:
1) Suban Field
2) Kaji Semoga
1. Suban Field
The Suban Field is located on top of a basement high as shown the following
regional section prepared by Hennings et al, 2012 (in Marino Baroek, 2015). The
stratigraphic units described in this section are:
6. Upper Nuicebe-Pliocene sandstone, shale, coal, volcanic - Kasai Formation
5. Middle-Upper Miocene sandstone and shale
4. Lower-Middle Miocene organic shale and rare sandstone - Telisa Formation
3. Lower Miocene platform and reefal (3a) carbonate - Batu Raja Formation
2. Paleogene/Neogene granite wash and clastic sequences - Lemat and
Talangakar Formations
1. Sub-Cenozoic crystalline and metamorphic basement
Hennings et al, 2012 also prepared a field scale seismic section, showing several
segments of the field, named Southwest, Centre and Northeast Domain, shown
on the following figure.
2. Kaji Semoga Field
Hutapea et al., (2000) published some information about Kaji-Semoga field in

South Sumatra Basin.
Two
seismic
sections
of Kaji
and
Semoga
Field
are
displaye
d here:
Section A
went from
West to
East,
crossing
both Kaji
and
Semoga
Field.
The
lowest
horizon in
red is the
top of the
granitic basement. Both Kaji and Semoga Field are consist of carbonate reefs of
Baturaja Formation, which built on top of basement high.
Section B
is a North-
South
section
across
Kaji Field.
Generally
the
basement
is getting
deeper
southward
in this
part of
the basin.
Posted by Minarwan (Min) at 9:12 PM No comments:

Labels: 04 South Sumatra Basin
Central Sumatra Basin

Central Sumatra is one of the most prolific basin in Indonesia. It has a long
history of oil
production.
Images a half graben

in the Central
Sumatra basin where
Oligocene strata
thicken westward
above an east-dipping
normal fault that is
locally defined by a
prominent fault-
plane reflection. In
the uppermost part
of the synrift section, at least three axial surfaces separate horizontal
strata on the left (west) from inclined strata in rollover panels on the
right (east)(Shaw et al., 1999).
Examples of growth
triangles and angular
unconformities in half
grabens that are
imaged in migrated
seismic reflection
profiles from the
Central Sumatra basin.
Note how strata above
the angular
unconformities in the
east become
concordant to the west
in the deeper parts of the half grabens. Datum (0 km) is sea level (Shaw et al.,
1999)
Migrated seismic
reflection profile ZZ'
along the strike of the
trough that images a
central low area
bounded to the north
and south by structural
highs. Basin highs and
lows are caused by
lateral changes in fault
geometry. The omitted portion of the profile includes an area of younger

folding associated with faults other than the normal fault. Horizontal scale
equals vertical scale; datum (0 km) is sea level(Shaw et al., 1999).
References:
Shaw, J. H., Hook, S. C., Sitohang, E. P., 1999, Extensional Fault-Bend Folding
and Synrift Deposition: An Example from the Central Sumatra Basin, Indonesia,
Search and Discovery Article #40004
Posted by Minarwan (Min) at 9:11 PM No comments:

Labels: 03 Central Sumatra Basin
Timor Sea
Timor-Tanimbar Trough, Eastern Indonesia
Introduction
The Timor-Tanimbar Trough is an oceanic trough, which is an eastern
continuation of the Sunda Trench. It marks the boundary between Indo-Australian
Plate's continental shelf and the Timor Plate in the north. The trough is located in
the south of Timor Island and is called the Timor Trough with WSW to ENE
orientation. Further east, the trough orientation changes to SW-NE and is called
Tanimbar Trough.
Figure 1. Map of the Timor-Tanimbar Trough showing the location of seismic sections discussed. AP = A
Platform; VG = Vulcan Graben; MG = Malita Graben; CG = Calder Graben; GG = Gouburn Grabe
Money Shoal Platform; BA=Barakan Basin; BB = Bonaparte Basin. Modified after Charlton, 2004 and
A number of seismic lines across Timor-Tanimbar Trough have recently been

published by different authors in several publications. Five of those seismic lines
which provided regional geological understanding of the southern part of Banda
arc, are discussed in this paper (Fig. 1). These seismic lines provide a better
geological understanding of the area after Hamilton published regional seismic
lines in 1979. In this paper, consistent stratigraphic nomenclature has been
applied to these key seismic lines. This will help to understand the regional
geological process in chronological order.
From west to east, the coverage of the sections published in this article are as
follow:
Section 1: West part of Timor trough, published by Jones et al (2011; Fig.

2)
Section 2: East part of Timor trough to Australian Platform, published by
Lee and Bawden (2011; Fig. 3);
Section 3: A regional older section, which provides a regional
understanding of the tectonic in the area, is published by Hamilton (1979;
Fig. 4);
Section 4: South of the Tanimbar trough, published by Carter at al. (2003;
Fig. 5);
Section 5: A regional section across the northern part of Tanimbar trough
published by Dinkelman et al, (2010; Fig 6), with details which is published
by Roberts et al (2011).
Figure 2. Seismic Section 1 of the western part of Timor Trough after Jones et al, 2011. "H" marks
the western most horst observed on this section.
Figure 3. Seismic Section 2 of the eastern part of Timor Trough after Lee and
also shows the accretionary wedge in the north and the Sahul Platfo
This article discusses the observations of these seismic lines, but the alternative
interpretations are quite limited, for the lack of access to the original data.
Seismic-to-well tie is not explained in the source of these seismic sections, and it
will not be discussed in this paper.
Figure 4. Seismic Section 3, a long regional seismic section covering Australian

south to Weber Basin in the outer Banda Arc, published by Hamilton (1979). The
poor for detail stratigraphic interpretation but it clearly shows the major tecto
as the Tanimbar outer-arc ridge and Weber outer-arc basin which is almost 8 km
Stratigraphy
The stratigraphic nomenclature used in this article, refers to the chart published
by Jones et al (2011) after Charlton, 2006 and Edwards et al, 2004 (Fig. 7). The
key stratigraphic information in this area is taken from Timor Island outcrops and
a number of wells in the Australian side of Timor Sea. The stratigraphy chart only
goes as old as Permian and doesnt cover the Carboniferous to Precambrian
interval indicated in the south of Tanimbar trough.
Five seismic markers, which are commonly used in the sections, are added into
the stratigraphic chart. These markers are Top Permian, Top Triassic, Darwin,
Turonian and Base Cenozoic. All horizons, apart from Darwin horizon, are related
to major unconformities caused by tectonic events.
The outcrops in West Timor are not easily tied to the offshore seismic in the
trough, because seismic correlation across the accretionary complex is very
difficult. Complex fault system has disturbed the seismic reflectors as shown in
Fig. 2 (for an example).
In the stratigraphic chart (Fig. 7), Triassic and lower Jurassic with sand
dominating formations, are existing in Bonaparte Basin and part of West Timor.
The Lower Cretaceous interval is dominated by a shaly formation of Wai Bua
Nakfunu Formation in West Timor and Echusa Shoals Formation in Bonaparte
Basin. Carbonate sequence developed well in most of the area during the Lower
Tertiary. Neogene formation does not exist in West Timor due to tectonic uplift in
the area.
Timor Trough
The Timor Trough is located in the south of Banda Arc with water depth up to
2000 meters. In this area, the Australian plate is subducting northward below the
Asian Plate and generating an accretionary complex. Part of this complex is
exposed in Timor Island. Several model of the tectonic system in this area has
been discussed by Richardson and Blundell (1996).
Two sections represent the Timor Trough in this article. Section 1 is located the
south of West Timor (Fig. 2), published by Jones et al, 2011. This section mainly
shows the structure and stratigraphy in the middle of the trough with a little part of
Ashmore Platform in the south and part of the accretionary complex in the north.
The water depth in this area reaches 3 seconds two-way-time.
Permian unit is the deepest interpreted interval in this section (Fig. 2). In the
south, the Permian interval comes as shallow as 4 seconds. The intra Permian
seismic reflector is generally clear in the south but they are poorly imaged in the
middle of the section.
The Triassic unit is very thick compare to other sections discussed in this paper.
Towards the centre of the trough, the Triassic section is up to 2.6 seconds. This
unit is sub-divided into three units by the base Chalis and Pollard Formation
horizons. These nomenclatures come from Bonaparte Basin stratigraphy chart
shown in Figure 7.
A series of normal faults cut through the Permian and Triassic section in the south
of the section. These faults generated a series of horst and graben in the Permian
section. The south and north heading faults cut each other in the Triassic section
in the Triassic interval with minor offset. In other sections these faults formed
hourglass structure pattern as discussed in detail by ifti, N. B. & Langhi, L.
(2012).
In the south of Section 1, the seismic reflectors of the Triassic unit has been
truncated, indicating an erosional process which formed an angular unconformity.
This phenomenon is probably caused by a tectonic uplift related to the Ashmore
Platform, which is started in Late Triassic (Carlton et al, 2012, this volume).
The majority of Jurassic and Cretaceous unit is not existed in the south of Section
1. To the north the Jurassic unit in Section 1 is gradually thickening towards the
centre of the trough. The Cretaceous unit also only appears in the trough area,
but there is no significant thickening is seen on the seismic section. Possibly the
sediment transport direction is perpendicular to Section 1.
The Cenozoic section in Section 1 is also thickening towards the trough. A

number of faults has gone through this unit and go up to top of section, creating
some sea bottom expressions. The thrust fault in the north of this section has
created a significant sea bottom relief (Fig. 2).
In the east of the Timor Trough, longer Section 2 shows more of the accretionary
wedge and the tectonically stable Sahul Platform (Fig. 3). Similar to Section 1,
Lee and Bawden (2011) started their interpretation with Permian interval. Below
the base Permian interval, however, a number of continuous reflectors are still
well observed. These reflectors are probably belong to Carboniferous or older
stratigraphy.
The overlain Triassic unit in Section 2 is relatively constant in its thickness (Fig.
3). Carlton (2012, this volume) indicates an early development of Sahul Platform
in late Triassic. Unfortunately this section is not detail enough to support this
model, but the thickness changes of the overlain Jurassic unit to the south and
north may support it.
A major northward dipping fault in edge of the Australian Shelf generates an

offset of nearly 1.5 sec. TWT at the lowest part of the section. Poorly imaged
seismic downthrown of the fault makes the correlation across the fault difficult.
This major offset is also seen in Section 1 (Fig. 2) at the similar position of the
trough.
The Cretaceous unit in Section 2 (Fig. 3) shows a gradual thinning towards the
trough. In the proximal part, Lee and Bawden (2011) sub-divided the Cretaceous
interval into 3 subunits by the Darwin and Turonian horizons. The Darwin
Formation is ranging from Valanginian to Aptian in age. The horizons in Section 2
indicate the top of the formation. This formation is dominated by shale. Edwards
et al (2004) called this interval Echusa Shoals Formation in the Bonaparte Basin.
In West Timor this formation is equivalent to Wai Bua Nakfunu Formation. The top
Darwin horizon is also a marker of the hiatus above Echusa Shoals Formation
and close to the top of Wai Bua Nakfunu Formation.
Tanimbar Trough
The eastern extension of the Timor Trough goes to the south of Tanimbar Islands
and so it is called the Tanimbar Trough. The orientation of the trough has
changed to SW-NE orientation and it is narrower than the Timor Trough. The
maximum water depth in this area is also up to > 2000 meters. The water depth in
Section 4 and 5 (Fig. 5 & 6), are about 2.5 sec. TWT.
Figure 5. Seismic Section 4, composite seismic sections showing the tectonic

units in the south of Tanimbar Trough such as the Banda Arc accretionary
wedge, Tanimbar trough, northeastern Abadi High and the Calder Graben
(after Carter et al, 2003)..
Section 3 (Fig. 4) shows a regional setting from Australian Continental Shelf to
the Weber Basin, published by Hamilton (1979). The water depth is gradually
deepening from south to north. In the north part of the section, the water depth is
getting shallower in shorter distance towards the Tanimbar Islands. This steeper
slope is generated by the subduction process. Further to the north, the section
goes through the outer arc basin, and it is called the Weber Basin. The deepest
part of the basin reaches 7 km of water depth. The seismic reflections in the
Australian Continental Shelf are clearer than the rest of the section because the
shelf is tectonically less disturbed. The Tanimbar Island complex is caused by
complex faulting mechanism. And in the south of Weber Basin, a recent
accommodation space has developed in a water depth of 4-5 km, as shown by
the flat seabed.
Figure 6. A) Section 5 regional seismic line from the Arafura Basin in the east t
Banda Arc in the west after Dinkelman et al, 2010; B) Detail section of Section
published by Lee & Bawden, 2011, showing part of the Australian Platform subd
below the accretionary complex; C) Stratigraphic interpretation of B).
Carter et al. (2003) has interpreted Precambrian to Carboniferous interval at the

base of Section 4 (Fig. 5). This unit is the deepest observed stratigraphy in this
article. The shallowest Carboniferous unit is observed in the northern part of
Abadi High, about 4 sec. TWT deep. The seismic section shows a missing section
and it probably happened due to tectonic uplift and erosion in the SE of this fault
block. The seismic reflector of the base of Ordovician unit is not well defined in
this section. However, Carter et al (2003) has interpreted SE ward thickening in
the Calder Graben and the east most part of this section. In Calder Graben, the
Ordovician section varies from 0.6 to 1.7 sec. TWT. In the NW of Calder Graben
this section has small variety of thickness change and in Tanimbar trough this unit
is only 0.5 sec. TWT thick or less.
Minor Permian and Triassic interval have been interpreted by Carter et al (2003)
in the northwest of Section 4. The missing Permian to Triassic interval in the
southeast of Section 4 is not well explained. Charlton (2012, this volume)
indicates a major NNE-SSW sinistral lateral fault in this area during Permian. This
may explain the missing Permian to Triassic interval in the majority of Section 4
(Fig. 5).
The Jurassic interval covers Section 4 entirely (Fig. 5). Carter et al (2003)
interpretes thicker Jurassic interval in the Calder Graben, in southeast and thinner
unit in the northwest. The fault pattern in Section 4 has indicated that the faults
have created a local depression in Calder Graben and generating an
accommodation space for the Jurassic unit. The faults work in a similar way for
the overlain Cretaceous unit. In the south of the Northern Abadi High, the
Cretaceous unit is about 1.5 msec TWT and in the north of the high it changes to
< 0.5 sec. TWT.
Above the Cretaceous unit, the Cenozoic interval covers the entire Section 4. The
Cretaceous interval is gradually getting thicker towards the trough. In the SE of
the section, the thickness of this unit is about 1.2 sec. TWT and is changing to 2
sec. TWT in the centre of the trough.
Figure 7. Stratigraphy of West Timor (Charlton, 2006) and Bonaparte Basin (Edw
reference for the stratigraphy of the Timor-TanimbarTrough
A regional seismic section goes across the north of the Tanimbar Trough (Fig.
6A), showing the relationship of the Arafura Basin, the Tanimbar Trough and the
accretionary wedge complex in the west. In Section 5A, Dinkelman et al. (2010)
shows the pre-Cambrian Wessel Group and Mc Arthur Basin in the north of
Tanimbar Trough. These two units can reach up to 25 km in the south of the
Arafura Basin. Base on Arafura-1 well and outcrops in Wessel Islands,
Struckmeyer (2006) describes these units as consist of mainly shallow marine
sandstone, siltstone and mudstone with minor conglomerate and carbonates.
A detail section of the regional section in Figure 6A is published by Roberts et al

(2011), shown in Figure 6B. The interpretation of this section is based on the
horizons used in Figure 3, where both have similar section of the Australian shelf.
The interpretation of this section is started with Permian unit which underlain the
SE part of the section. The overlain Triassic unit has poor seismic reflectors in the
ESE part of the section.
An insignificant thickness change is observed from Jurassic to Cretaceous

interval as seen on Section 5. It is very clear in the section (Fig 6B) that the
Australian Shelf goes below the Tanimbar accretionary complex. The Jurassic
interval is about 0.3 to 0.5 sec. TWT and the Cretaceous interval is divided by
Darwin and Turonian as displayed in Section 2.
Conclusion
The Timor-Tanimbar trough is bounded by the Banda Accretionary Wedge in the
north with complex structures and poor reflectors. Seismic interpretation is hardly
possible in this tectonic unit. The faults generate an irregular sea bottom surface.
In the south of the Timor Trough, thick sedimentary sequence above the stable
Australian Plate is dipping to the north. Close to the trough, the sequence is cut
by intensive fault system. Several faults go up to the surface and generate some
sea bottom expressions. There are sea bottom terraces caused by major faults.
Towards the east, the orientation of the trough gradually swings to the north and
commonly called as the Tanimbar Trough. Strike slip fault system developed at
the northern end, close to Kai Islands.The trough becomes narrower and
shallower compared to the Timor Trough.
The northward direction of Australian plate movement may cause the geometry of
the trough system. In the south of this study area, the Australian plate moves
almost perpendicular to the Asian plate margin. The collision formed the
accretionary complex, Timor Island and Timor trough subsequently. To the north,
the Australian plate movement direction is subparallel to the eastern edge of the
Asian plate and this lateral movement formed the narrower Tanimbar trough with
strike slip faults.
Acknowledgement
The author would like to thank Wayan Heru Young and Junida Rejeki Purba for
reviewing this article.
References:
Carter, P., Barber, B., Fraser, T., Baillie, P., Myers, K., 2003 Under-explored
Petroleum Systems in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic of the Timor and Arafura
Seas, Eastern Indonesia, SEAPEX Conference proceedings.
Charlton, T. R., 2004, The Petroleum Potential of the Banda Arc, AAPG Bulletin,
v. 88.
Charlton, T. R., 2012, Permian-Jurassic Paleogeography of the SE Banda Arc

Region, Indonesian Sedimentological Journal, v. 24 (this volume).
ifti, N. B. & Langhi, L., 2012, Evolution of the hourglass structures in the
Laminaria High, Timor Sea: Implications for hydrocarbon traps, Journal of
Structural Geology, Volume 36.
Dinkelman, M., Granath, J., Christ, J. and Emmet, P., 2010, Arafura Sea: A Deep
Look at an Underexplored Region SEAPEX Press No. 62, Volume 13, Issue 4,
Q4,.
Edwards, D.S., Preston, J.C., Kennard, J.M., Boreham, C.J., van Aarssen,
B.G.K., Summons, R.E. and Zumberge, J.E., 2004, Geochemical Characteristics
of Hydrocarbons from the Vulcan Sub-basin, Western Bonaparte Basin, Australia.
In: Ellis, G.K., Baillie, P.W. and Munson, T.J., (editors), Timor Sea Petroleum
Geoscience, Proceedings of the Timor Sea Symposium, Darwin, 19-20 June
2003. Northern Territory Geological Survey, Special Publication 1, 169-201.
Hamilton, W., 1979, Tectonics of the Indonesian Region, Geological Survey

Professional Paper 1078, United States Government Printing Office,
Jones, W., Tripathi, A., Rajagopal, R. and Williams, A., 2011, Petroleum
Prospectivity Of The West Timor Trough, PESA News Resourcdes online.
Lee, S. G & Bawden, M., 2011, Exploration Opportunities in the Prolific Bonaparte
Basin of the Timor Sea, Spectrum Geo Expro Issue 2, Volume 8, 2011
Richardson, A.N., Blundell, D.J. 1996 Continental collision in the Banda Arc. In:
R. Hall and D.J. Blundell, (Eds.) Tectonic Evolution of Southeast Asia Geological
Society of America Special Publication 106, 47-60.
Roberts, G., Christoffersen, T., Ramsden, C., 2011, New Light has been Shed on
the Petroleum Potential of the Northern Arafura Shelf area in Eastern Indonesia,
by, Spec Partners Ltd; C. Ramsden, Far Cape Pte, in Geo Expro Issue 2, Volume
8, 2011
Stukmeyer, H. I. M. (compiler), 2006, Petroleum Geology of the Arafura & Money

Shoal Basins, Geoscience Australia Record 2006/22.
Schulter, H. U. & Fritsch,J., 1985, Geology and Tectonics of the Banda Arc
Between Tanimbar Island and Aru Island, Geol Jb. 30, 3-41

Labels: 11 Timor Sea
North East Java Basin

NE Java Basin is a back arc basin offshore East Java.
Fold
features
in the
south of
Madura
Island.
The fold
in the
centre is
not a
simple
anticline,
as it may
be cut by
faults.
(Source:
Fugro)
Bright
amplitude in the centre are related to topographical high, may indicate
carbonate build-ups. The sequences are pinching out to the right, and truncated
by a shallower unconformity. (Source: Fugro)
The
centre
part of
the
faulted
anticline
feature is
slightly
thicker
compare
to the
flank, as
several
sedimenta
ry
packages
developed
towards
the core
of the
anticline.
This
indicate
that the
central of
the
anticline
was a
sedimenta
ry pocket,
probably
created by the fault on the left. At later stage these depocentres were uplifted.
(Source: Fugro)
Carbonate features of Kujung Formation (Source: Fugro)
Slightly
rotated
faulted
blocks at
the basin
margin
(Source:
Fugro)
Steep-
dipping
Kujung
carbonate
reef
flanks,
indicated
by arrows.
(Source:
PGS)
Time slice
at 0.15s
TWT
showing
complex
meanderi
ng
channel
system.
Horizontal
scale
scale is
about 15
km. (Long
and
Johansen,
2003;
data
source:
PGS)
Time slice
at 1.0 s
TWT
showing
the
carbonate
features.
The
diameter
of the
karst
feature is
probably
less than
1 km.
(Long and
Johansen,
2003;
data
source:
PGS)
3D
perspectiv
e of the
Top
Kujung
surface
about 1.0
s TWT,
revelas
the density and complex distribution of carbonates throughout the HDMC3D
survey area. (Long and Johansen, 2003; data source: PGS)

Labels: 09 North East Java
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Home Introduction Regional Geology Basin Index / Table of Content

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Blog Archive Sandakan Basin

Fig. 5. Seismic section of Futalan et al. (2012)

A zoom in and detail

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Natuna Sea and Sarawak Basin

In Late Cretaceous-Early Eocene reconstruction, East Natuna Basin was part of a

East Natuna Seismic Sections

Makassar Strait Basins

southern part of this

Tectonic provinces in the Makassar Strait Region (Darman, 2014)

Fig. 3. Location map fo PGS-1 seismic line 1. Palu Koro Fault

The NW-SE oriented

Platform on the left and

Fig. 4. TGS seismic line which shows the Mangkalihat Platform

2. Offshore Kutei Basin

Fig. 7. Location map of the 3D seismic reprocessed by PGS.

Fig. 8. Dip line of PGS 3D seismic

Fig. 9. Strike line of PGS 3D seismic

by Jose de Vera & Ken McClay

The offshore margin

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South Sumatra Basin

2. Kaji Semoga Field

Hutapea et al., (2000) published some information about Kaji-Semoga field in

Posted by Minarwan (Min) at 9:12 PM No comments:

Central Sumatra Basin

Images a half graben

geometry. The omitted portion of the profile includes an area of younger

Posted by Minarwan (Min) at 9:11 PM No comments:

A number of seismic lines across Timor-Tanimbar Trough have recently been

Section 1: West part of Timor trough, published by Jones et al (2011; Fig.

Figure 4. Seismic Section 3, a long regional seismic section covering Australian

The Cenozoic section in Section 1 is also thickening towards the trough. A

A major northward dipping fault in edge of the Australian Shelf generates an

Figure 5. Seismic Section 4, composite seismic sections showing the tectonic

Carter et al. (2003) has interpreted Precambrian to Carboniferous interval at the

A detail section of the regional section in Figure 6A is published by Roberts et al

An insignificant thickness change is observed from Jurassic to Cretaceous

Charlton, T. R., 2012, Permian-Jurassic Paleogeography of the SE Banda Arc

Hamilton, W., 1979, Tectonics of the Indonesian Region, Geological Survey

Stukmeyer, H. I. M. (compiler), 2006, Petroleum Geology of the Arafura & Money

Posted by Darman at 10:39 PM No comments:

North East Java Basin

Carbonate features of Kujung Formation (Source: Fugro)

Posted by Darman at 10:36 PM No comments:

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