Canback

INTRODUCTION TO THE CANBACK GLOBAL

INCOME DISTRIBUTION DATABASE (C-GIDD)
September 2017

PREDICTIVE CANBACK
ANALYTICS Boston, Massachusetts
INTEGRATORS www.canback.com
+1-617-399-1300

A member of The Economist Group

Agenda

Introduction to Canback
C-GIDD Classic
C-GIDD extensions
Leveraging C-GIDD in consulting work
Appendix: C-GIDD geographic coverage

2
Canback is a global management consulting firm advising mainly consumer-facing clients

Founded by Dr. Staffan Canback, we are an elite

management consulting firm anchored in predictive
analytics and consumer knowledge.

We serve clients through five practices: Commercial

Strategy, Sources of Growth, M&A Due Diligence,
Corporate Finance, and Organizational Performance.

We operate globally with the worlds largest companies as

clients. This has taken us to 84 countries since our
founding in 2004.

We also offer analytic services with the Canback Global

Income Distribution Database (C-GIDD) as our cardinal
product.

Canback is a subsidiary of The Economist Group since

2015.

3
Canback is the leader in management consulting based on predictive analytics

MANAGEMENT CONSULTING INDUSTRY S-CURVE

- Datasets at the
center of problem- Predictive
solving A new approach
analytics
- Repeatability and with higher
management
scalability for performance
consulting
efficiency
Performance

- Conceptually based
problem-solving Traditional Few, if any, break-
- Experience preferred management throughs since the
over hard analysis consulting early 1990s

1900 1960 1990 2017

The future is already here, it is just unevenly distributed

4
Canback is often cited in the press, research reports, annual reports, and investor presentations

Quarterly divisional seminar: Africa (2015)

CiMi.COM Award: Global Savory Category
Quarterly divisional seminar: South Africa (2014)
Growth & Mix Influencer Analysis (2017)
Quarterly divisional seminar: Asia-Pacific (2013)

Year-End Results Presentation (2015)

Mapping the Path to Future Prosperity:
Emerging Markets Growth Index (2014) How being sceptical paid off for
Massmart (2017)

Abuja +12: Shaping the Future of Health

in Africa (2013) 2014 New York Analyst Day (2014)

Contextualising the Mass Market

Banking Opportunity (2011) Consolidated Annual Report (2012)

The Shifting Urban Economic Landscape: The Future of Retailer Brands (2010)
What Does it Mean for Cities? (2013)

Chinese politics: A crisis of faith (2016)

Annual Results Presentation (2013) Hot spots: Benchmarking Global City
Competitiveness (2012)

5
Canback has worked on a large variety of projects, usually with a commercial focus

CANBACK PRACTICES

Project split Overview

Addressing where to play and how to play across geographies and parts of
Commercial Strategy 52%
the value chain

Managing the operational due diligence process across functional teams

M&A Due Diligence 17%
while completing the commercial evaluation

Forecasting category, brand, and product demand using sophisticated

Sources of Growth 17%
statistical modeling techniques

Evaluating board effectiveness and implementing new organizational

Organizational Performance 9%
structures to improve performance in areas like supply chain and RTM

Creating sources of profitability through statistical analysis of pricing

Corporate Finance 2%
strategies and the evaluation of tax policies

4% Analyzing economic and socioeconomic trends using the Canback Global

Other
Income Distribution Database (includes subscriptions)

6
Canback has worked on the ground in 84 countries

GLOBAL FOOTPRINT
Europe 8%
Global projects 21%

United States 7%

Africa 25%

Mid America 8% Asia-Pacific 8%

South America 23%

Offices

Country projects

Consultants work travel

7
Canback has eight offices around the world

CANBACK OFFICES

OFFICE CAPABILITIES

Mexico City
Johannes-
Shanghai

Chicago
London

Jakarta
Boston

Beijing

burg
Management
consulting
Predictive
analytics

C-GIDD

8
Canback practical and fact-based approach is appreciated by clients

In the words of Mauricio Leyva, CEO AB InBev Middle Americas, 45,000 employees

Focus on issues that Hands on approach: You

make a difference vs Impactful Hands-on always do trade visits, get
boiling the ocean insights approach dirty

Identify gaps in markets Actionable outcomes and

(through disciplined Gap Actionable not decks of theory and
benchmarks) and initiatives Identification outcomes graphs for the business to
to close them interpret how to land

Top-line
expertise

Market, consumer, and top

line expertise vs just processes
or analysis of hard variables

9
Agenda

Introduction to Canback
C-GIDD Classic
C-GIDD extensions
Leveraging C-GIDD in consulting work
Appendix: C-GIDD geographic coverage

10
The Canback Global Income Distribution Database is the only commercial database of its kind in
the world

C-GIDD COVERAGE EXAMPLES OF C-GIDD USES

The world's only database with complete Quantify number of households at
subnational data series specific income or socioeconomic levels
GDP, household income, size of income Compare consumer market sizes across
brackets, size of socioeconomic classes, geographies in a uniform way
population
Merge with category or sales data to spot
213 countries, 697 subdivisions and 997 cities new or under-developed opportunities
Subnational: 2002-2027
National: 1970-2037
EXPLANATORY POWER OF C-GIDD
Demand variance explained by income above
C-GIDD MODULES category-specific thresholds

Televison sets
Oil consumption
C-GIDD
Cellphone subscribers
income C-GIDD
economic, Internet users
distribution
data demographic, C-GIDD Personal computers
social and benchmark McDonald's restaurants
Available as a psychographic products and Milk consumption
commercial data services data Cash machines (ATMs)
service at Insurance premiums
cgidd.com Internal to Internal to
Canback Bank deposits
Canback
Electricity consumption
Airline passengers
0.00 0.50 1.00
R2

11
C-GIDD was launched in 2008. Here are some of our repeat customers

12
C-GIDD draws on more than 1,600 data sources which are harmonized and econometrically
analyzed to extract the most information as possible at the city or subdivision level

FROM DISCRETE AND INCOMPLETE SOURCES THROUGH PROPRIETARY TO UP-TO-DATE, HARMONIZED AND
HARMONIZATION AND PROJECTION COMPREHENSIVE DATABASE WITH A
TECHNIQUES SIMPLE AND INTUITIVE INTERFACE

UN and national household

economic surveys
Population data
GDP Sophisticated
Household income data econometric models to
find true income at city
level
IMF

Short and medium term economic

projections

Proprietary purchasing
UN and US Census Bureau power and cost-of-living
adjustments
Population projections

WIDER and national surveys C-GIDD

Income distributions
Proprietary income
National statistics offices distribution algorithms

City and other subdivision data

UN, Eurostat, CityPopulation

and national censuses

City data Robust income

projection algorithms
International Comparison
Program (ICP)

PPP data
13
C-GIDD contains detailed income distribution data at varying geographic levels, including 1,000
cities. It allows the user to analyze populations and households in specific cities and at certain
income levels today, in the past, and in the future

C-GIDDs data includes values in US

dollars, local currency, and PPP*

Total GDP in PPP$ trillions Millions of households with income higher than PPP$ 20,000
2005 constant values 2005 constant values

2014 2019 Shanghai Mumbai

5.1 4.0
EU 14.0 15.3

US 13.8 16.1 2.8

3.0
China 11.7 17.6 2.1 1.6
Japan 4.1 4.3 1.1 0.7

India 4.4 6.0

2004 2009 2014 2019 2004 2009 2014 2019

Millions of middle-class households by location in 2014 Income per household in Egypt in 2014
Socioeconomic levels A, B, C+ and C Egyptian Pounds, 2014 current values

Major Cities Other Urban Rural Cairo 121,382

Brazil 5.5 3.1 0.6 Alexandria 99,097

Mexico 5.6 1.8 0.7 Suez 88,767

Argentina 2.5 1.1 0.1 Port Said 79,855

Colombia 1.2 0.5 0.2 Other Urban 69,209

Chile 0.8 0.5 0.1 Rural 49,913

* Purchasing power parity dollars 14

C-GIDD also contains socioeconomic level population data, used to conduct powerful growth
projections of unique consumption classes

We use an international definition developed by AMAI to define socioeconomic levels (SEL) and apply it consistently to all countries
Socioeconomic
(regardless of a countrys own SEL definition). This allows for comparability between countries, subdivisions and cities. The
Levels (SEL)
international definition is the most well defined scheme and is independent of climate and culture.

BRAZILIAN POPULATION BY SOCIOECONOMIC LEVEL BRAZILIAN HEALTHCARE CONSUMING

Millions, 1974 - 2034 CLASS
110 Millions of people, 2014-2024

100 +64.6%

90 55.0

80

70
33.4
60 Marginalized

50
Lower middle
40 Lower
Upper middle
30
Middle
20 Upper
2014 2024
10 forecast
Healthcare consuming class is statistically
0 demonstrated to comprise middle class and
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 above

Source: C-GIDD; Canback analysis 15

In many emerging countries the E class (marginalized) is >90% of the population. For more
nuanced analysis, we can break down the E class into five unique economic classes

TANZANIAN POPULATION DISTRIBUTION BY SEL TANZANIAN SEL DISTRIBUTION BY REGION

ABC+C 2.4 1.6% D+ Dar Es Salaam

2.1% 2.0%
<1% % 5.2% D Mwanza
5.5% 4.3%
4.2% Mbeya
Highest E1 Kagera
economic
11.3% 8.6% E2 Tabora
level
Morogoro
22.6% Kigoma
Dodoma
17.2% E3 Tanga
Mara
Geita
33.1%
Arusha
Kilimanjaro
Simiyu
Shinyanga
Manyara
35.6% E4 ABC+C
67.4% Ruvuma
Singida D+
Zanzibar D
Mtwara E1
Lowest 45.9%
Pwani E2
economic Rukwa
level E3
26.6% E5 Iringa
Lindi E4
Njombe E5
2003 2013 2023 Katavi

Source: C-GIDD; Canback analysis 16

C-GIDD can be used to examine macroeconomic and demographic trends beyond numerical
indicators, allowing users to gain both broad and in-depth understanding of economies

COUNTRY DECKS

Completed and available for purchase

Angola
Algeria
Brazil
Cuba
Ethiopia
Ghana
Iran
Mexico
Myanmar
Nigeria
Pakistan
Tanzania

In progress
Egypt
Indonesia
Kenya
Saudi Arabia

Other country decks readily created on-demand

17
Agenda

Introduction to Canback
C-GIDD Classic
C-GIDD extensions
Leveraging C-GIDD in consulting work
Appendix: C-GIDD geographic coverage

18
The first type of C-GIDD extension are customized web portals where we adapt C-GIDD to the needs
to large corporate customers. This may mean adding category data, age brackets, and adding
organizational cuts to the dataset

CUSTOMIZED WEB PORTALS FOR ENTERPRISES

We work closely with enterprises, including some of the worlds largest corporations, to create customized web portals with seamless access
to C-GIDD/customer data. We provide a dedicated support team to meet their needs. Such customers include:

Procter & Gamble C-GIDD includes the traditional variables

provided in the public site, plus P&G specific data on
consumer profiles and category spending with a 5-year
outlook. The site matches P&Gs organizational structure and
aggregates cities and countries thereafter. (pg.cgidd.com)

Mondelez - C-GIDD site covers the public variables plus

food consumption data and demographic data relevant to
Mondelez. The site has a 5 year horizon.
(mondelez.cgidd.com)

CORPORATE ACCOUNT HOLDERS INDIVIDUAL CUSTOMERS

We provide subscription-based C-GIDD access and full support to In addition to providing data to large corporations on a subscription
companies of various sizes to meet their needs on an ongoing basis, we also work with smaller entities who have occasional data
basis. Corporate account customers include: needs.

We have over 300 active customers who have purchased C-GIDD

in the last 2 years. Such purchases are made by credit card over
the web.

19
The second type of extension is to build more detailed datasets. Our sub-Saharan Africa
database (sold separately) illustrates this
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA (SSA) DATABASE

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is one of the

fastest growing and most attractive regions
in the world:

Across Sub-Saharan Africa,

consumer demand is fueling the
continents economies in new ways
The future is about that lower middle
class thats expanding quickly, said
Staffan Canback
-New York Times, July 2014

Given Sub-Saharan Africas rapid growth, ADVANTAGES OF THE SSA DATABASE

large corporations are shifting their focus With a dataset that includes 393 cities, we offer a
wider and more in-depth view of Sub-Saharan African
and devoting more resources to the region. 1 cities. This in turn allows for more accurate as-is
This includes the need to prioritize evaluations and better-informed to-be projections:
investment among countries and even Gross domestic product
Household spending
cities. These needs led Canback to develop Income distribution
the SSA database. Socioeconomic levels
Population

Data on specific business categories, ranging from

number of ATMs to international hotels in each city,
2 allows for more precise strategies and clearer
awareness of the playing field

20
The third type of extension is to use C-GIDD together with customer category data from various
syndicated sources to model the size of markets today and into the future

ORAL CARE DATABASE

In 2005, we were commissioned by a client to analyze the manual and Using the oral care database, we were able to estimate demand,
rechargeable toothbrush market. Forecasting models, a specialized C-GIDD measured by disposable income per capita, price, and population.
dataset, and analysis of market dynamics formed the basis for our This in turn was used to explain growth with a high degree of
recommendations accuracy

BUILDING THE ORAL CARE DATABASE

PREDICTED VERSUS ACTUAL UNITS SOLD
2004 - log-log scale
Client shipment data for 27
countries 14

R2=0.97
Market research data from
Nielsen and Euromonitor

Predicted
12
Economic, demographic, and
C-GIDD social indicators provided by
the UN, IMF, and World Bank
10

Insights, adjustments, and

additional information provided
by regional teams 8
8 10 12 14
Actual

21
Agenda

Introduction to Canback
C-GIDD Classic
C-GIDD extensions
Leveraging C-GIDD in consulting work
Appendix: C-GIDD geographic coverage

22
Canback leverages a variety of statistical methods to model demand growth, calculate
elasticities and analyze commercial opportunities

Using C-GIDD in combination with other data (from client, local statistics agency, etc.) enables powerful analysis. Our analysts regularly create
advanced statistical models in our consulting services, and C-GIDD provides the foundation for many of these predictive analytics

COMMONLY USED STATISTICAL MODELS

POOLED CROSS-SECTIONAL PRAIS-WINSTEN REGRESSION META ANALYSIS

TIME SERIES ANALYSIS

What is it? What is it? What is it?

The pooled cross-sectional time series is the
hybrid of two traditional methods of
comparative research; time series analysis
and cross-sectional analysis. A pooled cross-
sectional time series is a dataset which has
observations of multiple cross-sectional units
such as countries (X) over time (T)
Classic regression study with standard
correction for autoregressive or lagged time
variable errors. The Prais-Winsten approach is
most often the choice for explanatory time
series analysis
Collect and compare results from different
analyses. Meta analysis constitutes an
important scientific approach to elasticity
calculation. By analyzing results, and not only
data, a broader understanding of market
movements is achieved

ARMAX CLASSIC TIME SERIES CONJOINT

What is it? What is it? What is it?

A combination of regression and time series. Predicts the future based on the past behavior A choice model to determine which attributes
Armax works best for predictions, but the of the dependent variable. Time series do not are most influential on respondent choices.
inclusion of time series methods distorts the work on explanatory models since they have Conjoint analysis models trade-offs that are
elasticities. No autoregressive problems no independent variables only loosely linked to elasticities

23
In one project, Canback leveraged C-GIDD and our management consulting practice for a
market sizing and product launch effort in healthcare

A large US company seeks to quantify the market potential of parasitic worm

OBJECTIVE
prevention/treatment and to understand how it can best capture the opportunity

C-GIDD database was

DRIVERS OF REDUCED INTESTINAL TARGET COUNTRIES
complemented with data
PARASITE PREVALENCE from WHO, UNESCO,
China Brazil Mexico Philippines and similar databases

PRIMARY DRIVERS
22,508
DISPOSABLE 17,700
13,364 12,188 Disposable income per
INCOME
Household-equivalent in
2005 PPP$
32%
23% 23%
17%
MATERNAL % of women with tertiary
EDUCATION education

PARASITIC WORM
SECONDARY DRIVERS
PREVALENCE 96% 98%
87% 79%
ACCESS TO HEALTH
% of children getting
CARE
DPT3 vaccination

75% 79% 72%

44% % of population with
SANITATION
sustained access to
CONDITIONS improved sanitation

55% 65%
QUALITY 36% 41% % of population living
OF HOUSING with durable floors, walls,
and roofs; water, and
electricity

24
Canback identified three clear stages of parasite prevention and visited four countries for
consumer insights, health perspectives, and to understand distribution capabilities.

STAGES OF PARASITE PREVENTION

High prevalence High to moderate prevalence Low prevalence INTERPRETATION
Low socioeconomic readiness High socioeconomic readiness High socioeconomic readiness
Malaysia Interest in preventing parasites peaks
Philippines Panama
South Africa when there is a high level of
Peru Thailand
socioeconomic readiness and a
El Salvador moderate level of prevalence
Honduras Paraguay Colombia Argentina
Current state of 4
Interest in Indonesia Namibia
countries under review Three preconditions determine
Viet Nam
prevention Bangladesh Cambodia
Dominican Republic State of 4 countries whether a branded anthelmintic food
of parasitic Cameroon Botswana Oman under review in 10 product is viable:
Laos Guyana Costa Rica
infections Ghana Brazil years time (1) Socioeconomic readiness to
Nepal Guinea
Nigeria Uganda China Iran Mexico prevent parasitic worms
India Statistically fitted
Kenya
Madagascar (2) Branded food products
Ethiopia Burkina Faso Morocco Jordan trendline
BurundiMali Pakistan Uruguay consumption
Tanzania Algeria
Yemen Mongolia Mauritania Saudi Arabia South Korea (3) Maternal perception of infection
risk

None of the four countries will reach a

Income stage where prevention is unnecessary
for at least another generation

COUNTRY PROFILE FINDINGS FROM CONSUMER ENGAGEMENT

Largest infested population in the world;

Low penetration of powdered beverages and negative brand image impacts
prevalence declined due to socioeconomic
the new product perception
development, but no concerted effort to
reduce levels of infection
About 60% of survey respondents Believability of the product is a concern
expressed high-level concern about
parasites
Prevention has higher appeal than Milk has wide appeal as a substitute carrier product
treatment
Relative ignorance regarding sources and Respondents are willing to pay a premium for a new product that fights
symptoms of infection parasite infection

25
Finally, Canback delivered specific recommendations for a distribution and marketing strategy as
well as provided to-be market projections for each country

WHERE TO SELL OR DISTRIBUTE PROJECTED GROWTH OF FOOD RETAIL

Mean score on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) Billion CNY

Large supermarkets 3.98 1800

1,615
1600 cagr: 9%
Given at schools for free 3.91
1400
Primarily shelved with health food 3.74 1200 Traditional
1,063 56%
1000 cagr: 2%
Primarily shelved with regular food 3.73
800

Doctors clinics and hospitals 3.08 600 77%

400 cagr: 26%
Pharmacy 2.94 44% Modern
200
Traditional stores 23%
2.37 0
2006 2011

RECOMMENDATIONS
Possible
Product Distribution Marketing Price
Outcome
A: Extension of pre- Skewed to modern Social network- 20-30% premium above $100M in retail
existing product trade driven: Word-of- current product price revenue 4-6 years
mouth after launch
Initial focus on
B: Milk-centric product
greater Shanghai Address believability Contribution to brand
area where modern issues image + distribution
Small pack sizes for
trade is well- footprint
affordability and large
developed
pack sizes to give lower
unit cost with sustained Shelved with regular
use food

26
Agenda

Introduction to Canback
C-GIDD Classic
C-GIDD extensions
Leveraging C-GIDD in consulting work
Appendix: C-GIDD geographic coverage

27
Appendix A
C-GIDD countries
Updated September 2017

Afghanistan Central African Republic Greece Liechtenstein Palau Suriname

Albania Chad Greenland Lithuania Palestine Swaziland
Algeria Chile Grenada Luxembourg Panama Sweden
Andorra China Guatemala Macao Papua New Guinea Switzerland
Angola Colombia Guinea Macedonia Paraguay Syria
Anguilla Comoros Guinea-Bissau Madagascar Peru Taiwan
Antigua and Barbuda Congo-Brazzaville Guyana Malawi Philippines Tajikistan
Argentina Congo-Kinshasa Haiti Malaysia Poland Tanzania
Armenia Cook Islands Honduras Maldives Portugal Thailand
Aruba Costa Rica Hong Kong Mali Puerto Rico Timor-Leste
Australia Cote d'Ivoire Hungary Malta Qatar Togo
Austria Croatia Iceland Marshall Islands Romania Tonga
Azerbaijan Cuba India Mauritania Russia Trinidad and Tobago
Bahamas Curacao Indonesia Mauritius Rwanda Tunisia
Bahrain Cyprus Iran Mexico Saint Kitts and Nevis Turkey
Bangladesh Czech Republic Iraq Micronesia Saint Lucia Turkmenistan
Barbados Denmark Ireland Moldova Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Turks and Caicos Islands
Belarus Djibouti Israel Monaco Samoa Tuvalu
Belgium Dominica Italy Mongolia San Marino Uganda
Belize Dominican Republic Jamaica Montenegro Sao Tome and Principe Ukraine
Benin Ecuador Japan Montserrat Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates
Bermuda Egypt Jordan Morocco Senegal United Kingdom
Bhutan El Salvador Kazakhstan Mozambique Serbia United States
Bolivia Equatorial Guinea Kenya Myanmar Seychelles Uruguay
Bosnia and Herzegovina Eritrea Kiribati Namibia Sierra Leone Uzbekistan
Botswana Estonia Korea, North Nauru Singapore Vanuatu
Brazil Ethiopia Korea, South Nepal Sint Maarten Venezuela
Brunei Fiji Kosovo Netherlands Slovakia Viet Nam
Bulgaria Finland Kuwait New Caledonia Slovenia Virgin Islands, British
Burkina Faso France Kyrgyzstan New Zealand Solomon Islands Western Sahara
Burundi French Polynesia Laos Nicaragua Somalia Yemen
Cambodia Gabon Latvia Niger South Africa Zambia
Cameroon Gambia Lebanon Nigeria South Sudan Zimbabwe
Canada Georgia Lesotho Norway Spain
Cape Verde Germany Liberia Oman Sri Lanka
Cayman Islands Ghana Libya Pakistan Sudan

Note: Countries in green have subdivisions, see next page 28

Appendix B
C-GIDD subdivisions
Updated September 2017

Argentina Austria Brazil China Colombia

Catamarca Eastern Austria Parana Anhui Amazonia
Chaco Southern Austria Pernambuco Beijing Andina Norte
Chubut Western Austria Piaui Chongqing Andina Sur
Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires Rio de Janeiro Fujian Atlantica
Cordoba Bangladesh Rio Grande do Norte Gansu Bogota
Corrientes Barisal Rio Grande do Sul Guangdong Orinoquia
Entre Rios Chittagong Rondonia Guangxi Pacifica
Formosa Dhaka Roraima Guizhou
Jujuy Khulna Santa Catarina Hainan Finland
La Pampa Rajshahi Sao Paulo Hebei Aland
La Rioja Rangpur Sergipe Heilongjiang Mainland Finland
Mendoza Sylhet Tocantins Henan
Misiones Hubei France
Neuquen Belgium Bulgaria Hunan Bassin Parisien
Provincia de Buenos Aires Brussels-Capital Region North Bulgaria Inner Mongolia Center-East
Rio Negro Flemish Region South Bulgaria Jiangsu East
Salta Walloon Region Jiangxi Ile de France
San Juan Canada Jilin Mediterranee
San Luis Brazil Alberta Liaoning Nord-Pas-de-Calais
Santa Cruz Acre British Columbia Ningxia Overseas departments
Santa Fe Alagoas Manitoba Qinghai South-West
Santiago del Estero Amapa New Brunswick Shaanxi West
Tierra del Fuego Amazonas Newfoundland and Labrador Shandong
Tucuman Bahia Northwest Territories Shanghai Germany
Ceara Nova Scotia Shanxi Baden-Wurttemberg
Australia Distrito Federal Nunavut Sichuan Bavaria
Australian Capital Territory Espirito Santo Ontario Tianjin Berlin
New South Wales Goias Prince Edward Island Tibet Brandenburg
Northern Territory Maranhao Quebec Xinjiang Bremen
Queensland Mato Grosso Saskatchewan Yunnan Hamburg
South Australia Mato Grosso do Sul Yukon Territory Zhejiang Hesse
Tasmania Minas Gerais Lower Saxony
Victoria Para Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Western Australia Paraiba North Rhine-Westphalia

29
C-GIDD subdivisions, continued

Germany India Indonesia Japan Japan

Rhineland-Palatinate Himachal Pradesh East Jawa Aichi Saga
Saarland Jammu and Kashmir East Kalimantan Akita Saitama
Saxony Jharkhand East Nusa Tenggara Aomori Shiga
Saxony-Anhalt Karnataka Gorontalo Chiba Shimane
Schleswig-Holstein Kerala Jakarta Raya Ehime Shizuoka
Thuringia Lakshadweep Jambi Fukui Tochigi
Madhya Pradesh Lampung Fukuoka Tokushima
Greece Maharashtra Maluku Fukushima Tokyo
Aegean Islands and Crete Manipur North Kalimantan Gifu Tottori
Attica Meghalaya North Maluku Gunma Toyama
Central Greece Mizoram North Sulawesi Hiroshima Wakayama
Northern Greece Nagaland North Sumatera Hokkaido Yamagata
Orissa Papua Hyogo Yamaguchi
Hungary Puducherry Riau Ibaraki Yamanashi
Central Hungary Punjab Riau Islands Ishikawa
Great Plain and North Rajasthan South Kalimantan Iwate Korea, South
Transdanubia Sikkim South Sulawesi Kagawa Busan
Tamil Nadu South Sumatera Kagoshima Chungcheongbugdo
India Telangana Southeast Sulawesi Kanagawa Chungcheongnamdo
Andaman and Nicobar Islands Tripura West Jawa Kochi Daegu
Andhra Pradesh Uttar Pradesh West Kalimantan Kumamoto Daejeon
Arunachal Pradesh Uttarakhand West Nusa Tenggara Kyoto Gang'weondo
Assam West Bengal West Papua Mie Gwangju
Bihar West Sulawesi Miyagi Gyeonggido
Chandigarh Indonesia West Sumatera Miyazaki Gyeongsangbugdo
Chhattisgarh Aceh Yogyakarta Nagano Gyeongsangnamdo
Dadra and Nagar Haveli Bali Nagasaki Incheon
Daman and Diu Bangka Belitung Islands Italy Nara Jejudo
Delhi Banten Center Niigata Jeonrabugdo
Goa Bengkulu Islands Oita Jeonranamdo
Gujarat Central Jawa North-East Okayama Seoul
Haryana Central Kalimantan North-West Okinawa Ulsan
Central Sulawesi South Osaka

30
C-GIDD subdivisions, continued

Mexico Netherlands Nigeria Philippines South Africa

Aguascalientes Eastern Netherlands Ondo Northern Mindanao Eastern Cape
Baja California Northern Netherlands Osun SOCCSKSARGEN Free State
Baja California Sur Southern Netherlands Oyo Western Visayas Gauteng
Campeche Western Netherlands Plateau Zamboanga Peninsula KwaZulu-Natal
Chiapas Rivers Limpopo
Chihuahua Nigeria Sokoto Poland Mpumalanga
Coahuila Abia Taraba Central Northern Cape
Colima Adamawa Yobe East North-West
Distrito Federal Akwa Ibom Zamfara North Western Cape
Durango Anambra North-West
Guanajuato Bauchi Pakistan South Spain
Guerrero Bayelsa Azad Kashmir South-West Canary Islands
Hidalgo Benue Balochistan Center
Jalisco Borno Federally Administered Tribal Areas Portugal East
Mexico Cross River Gilgit-Baltistan Azores Madrid
Michoacan Delta Islamabad Continental Portugal Northeast
Morelos Ebonyi Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Madeira Northwest
Nayarit Edo Punjab South
Nuevo Leon Ekiti Sindh Romania
Oaxaca Enugu Macroregion 1 Sweden
Puebla Federal Capital Territory Philippines Macroregion 2 Eastern
Queretaro Gombe ARMM Macroregion 3 Northern
Quintana Roo Imo Bicol Macroregion 4 Southern
San Luis Potosi Jigawa Cagayan Valley
Sinaloa Kaduna CALABARZON Russia Taiwan
Sonora Kano Caraga Central Central
Tabasco Katsina Central Luzon Far East Eastern
Tamaulipas Kebbi Central Visayas North Caucasus Northern
Tlaxcala Kogi Cordillera Northwest Southern
Veracruz Kwara Davao Siberia
Yucatan Lagos Eastern Visayas South
Zacatecas Nassarawa Ilocos Ural
Niger MIMAROPA Volga
Ogun National Capital Region

31
C-GIDD subdivisions, continued

Thailand United Kingdom United States

Bangkok and Vicinities South East Michigan
Central South West Minnesota
Eastern Wales Mississippi
Northeastern West Midlands Missouri
Northern Yorkshire and the Humber Montana
Southern Nebraska
Western United States Nevada
Alabama New Hampshire
Turkey Alaska New Jersey
Aegean Arizona New Mexico
Central Anatolia Arkansas New York
Eastern Black Sea California North Carolina
Eastern Marmara Colorado North Dakota
Istanbul Connecticut Ohio
Mediterranean Delaware Oklahoma
Mideastern Anatolia District of Columbia Oregon
Northeastern Anatolia Florida Pennsylvania
Southeastern Anatolia Georgia Rhode Island
Western Anatolia Hawaii South Carolina
Western Black Sea Idaho South Dakota
Western Marmara Illinois Tennessee
Indiana Texas
United Kingdom Iowa Utah
East Midlands Kansas Vermont
East of England Kentucky Virginia
London Louisiana Washington
North East Maine West Virginia
North West Maryland Wisconsin
Northern Ireland Massachusetts Wyoming
Scotland

32
Appendix C
C-GIDD cities
Updated September 2017

Afghanistan Australia Brazil Brazil Central African Republic China

Kabul Sydney Aracaju Vale do Aco Bangui Dalian
Baixada Santista Vitoria Dandong
Albania Austria Belem Chad Daqing
Tirana Vienna Belo Horizonte Bulgaria N'Djamena Datong
Blumenau Plovdiv Deyang
Algeria Azerbaijan Brasilia Sofia Chile Dezhou
Algiers Baku Campinas Concepcion Dongguan
Constantine Campo Grande Burkina Faso Santiago de Chile Dongying
Oran Bangladesh Cuiaba Bobo Dioulasso Valparaiso Ezhou
Chittagong Curitiba Ouagadougou Foshan
Angola Dhaka Feira de Santana China Fuling
Huambo Khulna Florianopolis Burundi Anqing Fushun
Luanda Rajshahi Fortaleza Bujumbura Anshan Fuxin
Sylhet Goiania Anyang Fuyang
Argentina Joao Pessoa Cambodia Baoding Fuzhou
Buenos Aires Belarus Joinville Phnom Penh Baoji Ganzhou
La Plata Minsk Juiz de Fora Baotou Guangzhou
Mar del Plata Jundiai Cameroon Beijing Guigang
Mendoza Belgium Londrina Douala Bengbu Guilin
Rosario Antwerp Maceio Yaounde Benxi Guiyang
Salta Brussels Manaus Binzhou Haicheng
San Miguel de Tucuman Gent Maringa Canada Changchun Haikou
Santa Fe Liege Natal Calgary Changde Handan
Porto Alegre Edmonton Changsha Hangzhou
Armenia Benin Recife Hamilton Changshu Harbin
Yerevan Abomey-Calavi Ribeirao Preto Montreal Changzhi Hefei
Cotonou Rio de Janeiro Ottawa Changzhou Hegang
Australia Salvador Quebec Chaozhou Hengyang
Adelaide Bolivia Sao Jose dos Campos Toronto Chengde Heze
Brisbane Cochabamba Sao Luis Vancouver Chengdu Hohhot
Gold Coast La Paz Sao Paulo Winnipeg Chenzhou Huai'an
Melbourne Santa Cruz Sorocaba Chifeng Huaibei
Newcastle Teresina Chongqing Huainan
Perth Uberlandia Cixi Huangshi

33
C-GIDD cities, continued

China China China China China Congo-Kinshasa

Huizhou Luoyang Shaoguan Xi'an Zhaoqing Kisangani
Huludao Luzhou Shaoxing Xiangtan Zhengzhou Lubumbashi
Huzhou Ma'anshan Shaoyang Xiangyang Zhenjiang Mbuji-Mayi
Jiamusi Maoming Shenyang Xiantao Zhongshan Tshikapa
Jiangyin Mianyang Shenzhen Xianyang Zhoushan
Jiaozuo Mudanjiang Shijiazhuang Xiaogan Zhucheng Costa Rica
Jiaxing Nan'an Shiyan Xinghua Zhuhai San Jose
Jieyang Nanchang Siping Xingtai Zhuji
Jilin Nanchong Suining Xining Zhuzhou Cote d'Ivoire
Jimo Nanjing Suqian Xintai Zibo Abidjan
Jinan Nanning Suzhou Xinxiang Zigong Bouake
Jingzhou Nantong Suzhou Xinyang Zoucheng
Jinhua Nanyang Taian Xinyu Zunyi Croatia
Jining Neijiang Taixing Xuzhou Zagreb
Jinzhou Ningbo Taiyuan Yancheng Colombia
Jiujiang Panjin Taizhou Yangquan Barranquilla Cuba
Jixi Panzhihua Taizhou Yangzhou Bogota Havana
Kaifeng Pingdingshan Tangshan Yantai Bucaramanga
Kunming Pingxiang Tengzhou Yibin Cali Czech Republic
Laiwu Pizhou Tianjin Yichang Cartagena Brno
Langfang Puning Tianmen Yichun Cucuta Ostrava
Lanzhou Putian Tianshui Yinchuan Ibague Prague
Leshan Qingdao Tongliao Yingkou Medellin
Lianyungang Qingyuan Urumqi Yiwu Pereira Denmark
Liaocheng Qinhuangdao Wanzhou Yongzhou Copenhagen
Liaoyang Qiqihar Weifang Yueqing Congo-Brazzaville
Linfen Qitaihe Weihai Yueyang Brazzaville Dominican Republic
Linyi Quanzhou Wenling Yulin Pointe-Noire Santiago de los Caballeros
Liu'an Rizhao Wenzhou Yuyao Santo Domingo
Liupanshui Rugao Wuhan Zaozhuang Congo-Kinshasa
Liuyang Rui'an Wuhu Zhangjiakou Bukavu Ecuador
Liuzhou Shanghai Wuxi Zhangzhou Kananga Guayaquil
Lufeng Shangqiu Wuzhou Zhanjiang Kinshasa Quito
Luohe Shantou Xiamen

34
C-GIDD cities, continued

Egypt France Germany India India India

Alexandria Toulon Wurzburg Aligarh Jabalpur Raurkela
Cairo Toulouse Allahabad Jaipur Saharanpur
Port Said Ghana Amravati Jalandhar Salem
Suez Gabon Accra Amritsar Jammu Sangli
Libreville Kumasi Asansol Jamnagar Siliguri
El Salvador Sekondi Takoradi Aurangabad Jamshedpur Solapur
San Salvador Georgia Bangalore Jhansi Srinagar
Tbilisi Greece Bareilly Jodhpur Surat
Eritrea Athens Belgaum Kannur Thiruvananthapuram
Asmara Germany Thessaloniki Bhavnagar Kanpur Tiruchirappalli
Aachen Bhiwandi Kochi Tiruppur
Estonia Augsburg Guatemala Bhopal Kolhapur Ujjain
Tallinn Berlin Guatemala City Bhubaneswar Kolkata Vadodara
Bonn Bikaner Kota Varanasi
Ethiopia Bremen Guinea Bokaro Steel City Kozhikode Vijayawada
Addis Ababa Cologne Conakry Chandigarh Lucknow Visakhapatnam
Dresden Chennai Ludhiana Warangal
Finland Dusseldorf Haiti Coimbatore Madurai
Helsinki Erfurt Port-au-Prince Cuttack Malegaon Indonesia
Frankfurt Dehra Dun Mangalore Balikpapan
France Freiburg Honduras Delhi Meerut Bandar Lampung
Bordeaux Hamburg San Pedro Sula Dhanbad Moradabad Bandung
Grenoble Hannover Tegucigalpa Durgapur Mumbai Banjarmasin
Lille Heidelberg Durg-Bhilai Nagar Mysore Batam
Lyon Karlsruhe Hong Kong Erode Nagpur Denpasar
Marseille Kiel Hong Kong Firozabad Nanded Jakarta
Montpellier Leipzig Gorakhpur Nashik Jambi
Nantes Mannheim-Ludwigshafen Hungary Gulbarga Nellore Makassar
Nice Munich Budapest Guntur Patna Malang
Paris Nuremberg Guwahati Puducherry Medan
Rennes Osnabruck India Gwalior Pune Padang
Rouen Ruhr Area Agra Hubli-Dharwad Raipur Palembang
Saint-Etienne Saarbrucken Ahmadabad Hyderabad Rajkot Pekanbaru
Strasbourg Stuttgart Ajmer Indore Ranchi Pontianak

35
C-GIDD cities, continued

Indonesia Israel Japan Kuwait Malawi Mexico

Samarinda Be'er Sheva Osaka Kuwait City Blantyre Mexico City
Semarang Haifa Sapporo Lilongwe Monterrey
Serang Jerusalem Sendai Kyrgyzstan Morelia
Surabaya Tel Aviv-Jaffa Shizuoka Bishkek Malaysia Oaxaca
Tasikmalaya Tokyo Ipoh Pachuca
Italy Utsunomiya Laos Johor Bahru Poza Rica
Iran Bari Vientiane Kuala Lumpur-Klang Valley Puebla
Ahvaz Bologna Jordan Kuching Queretaro
Esfahan Catania Amman Latvia Penang Reynosa
Hamadan Florence Riga Saltillo
Karaj Genoa Kazakhstan Mali San Luis Potosi
Kerman Milan Almaty Lebanon Bamako Tampico
Kermanshah Naples Astana Beirut Tijuana
Mashhad Padova Shymkent Mauritania Tlaxcala
Orumiyeh Palermo Liberia Nouakchott Toluca
Qom Rome Kenya Monrovia Torreon
Rasht Turin Mombasa Mexico Tuxtla Gutierrez
Shiraz Venice Nairobi Libya Acapulco Veracruz
Tabriz Verona Benghazi Aguascalientes Villahermosa
Tehran Korea, North Misratah Cancun Xalapa
Zahedan Jamaica Chongjin Tripoli Celaya
Kingston Hamhung Chihuahua Moldova
Iraq Pyongyang Lithuania Cuernavaca Chisinau
Baghdad Japan Vilnius Culiacan
Basra Fukuoka Korea, South Durango Mongolia
Erbil Hamamatsu Busan Luxembourg Guadalajara Ulaanbaatar
Karbala Himeji Changwon Luxembourg Hermosillo
Kirkuk Hiroshima Cheongju Juarez Morocco
Mosul Kobe Daegu Macao Leon Agadir
Najaf Kumamoto Daejeon Macao Merida Casablanca
Sulaymaniyah Kyoto Gwangju Mexicali Fes
Nagoya Jeonju Madagascar
Ireland Niigata Seoul Antananarivo
Dublin Ulsan

36
C-GIDD cities, continued

Morocco Nigeria Pakistan Poland Russia Saudi Arabia

Marrakech Aba Multan Bydgoszcz Lipetsk Jedda
Meknes Abuja Peshawar Gdansk Makhachkala Mecca
Rabat Benin City Quetta Katowice Moscow Medina
Tangier Enugu Rawalpindi Krakow Naberezhnye Chelny Riyadh
Ibadan Sargodha Lodz Nizhny Novgorod Tabuk
Mozambique Ilorin Sialkot Lublin Novokuznetsk Ta'if
Maputo Jos Poznan Novosibirsk
Matola Kaduna Palestine Warsaw Omsk Senegal
Nampula Kano Gaza Wroclaw Orenburg Dakar
Lagos Penza Touba
Myanmar Maiduguri Panama Portugal Perm
Mandalay Nnewi Panama City Lisbon Rostov Serbia
Nay Pyi Taw Onitsha Porto Ryazan Belgrade
Rangoon Osogbo Paraguay Saint Petersburg
Owerri Asuncion Puerto Rico Samara Sierra Leone
Nepal Port Harcourt San Juan Saratov Freetown
Kathmandu Uyo Peru Tolyatti
Warri Arequipa Qatar Tomsk Singapore
Netherlands Zaria Chiclayo Doha Tula Singapore
Amsterdam Lima Tyumen
Eindhoven Norway Trujillo Romania Ufa Slovakia
Hague, The Oslo Bucharest Ulyanovsk Bratislava
Rotterdam Philippines Vladivostok
Utrecht Oman Antipolo Russia Volgograd Slovenia
Muscat Bacolod Astrakhan' Voronezh Ljubljana
New Zealand Cagayan de Oro Barnaul Yaroslavl
Auckland Pakistan Cebu Chelyabinsk Yekaterinburg Somalia
Bahawalpur Dasmarinas Irkutsk Hargeysa
Nicaragua Faisalabad Davao Izhevsk Rwanda Mogadishu
Managua Gujranwala General Santos City Kazan Kigali
Hyderabad Manila Kemerovo South Africa
Niger Islamabad Zamboanga Khabarovsk Saudi Arabia Cape Town
Niamey Karachi Krasnodar Dammam Durban
Lahore Krasnoyarsk Hufuf-Mubarraz Emfuleni

37
C-GIDD cities, continued

South Africa Syria Turkey United Arab Emirates United States

Johannesburg Aleppo Adana Sharjah Boise City
Port Elizabeth Al-Raqqa Ankara Boston
Pretoria Damascus Antalya United Kingdom Buffalo
Hamah Bursa Belfast Charleston
Spain Homs Diyarbakir Birmingham Charlotte
Barcelona Latakia Eskisehir Bournemouth Chattanooga
Bilbao Gaziantep Bristol Chicago
Cordoba Taiwan Gebze Cardiff Cincinnati
Granada Hsinchu Istanbul Coventry Cleveland
Las Palmas Kaohsiung Izmir Edinburgh Colorado Springs
Madrid Taichung-Changhua Kayseri Glasgow Columbia
Malaga Tainan Konya Kingston-upon-Hull Columbus
Murcia Taipei-Keelung Mersin Leeds-Bradford Dallas-Fort Worth
Palma di Mallorca Taoyuan-Jhongli Leicester Dayton
Seville Turkmenistan Liverpool Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach
Valencia Tajikistan Ashgabat London Denver
Vigo Dushanbe Manchester Des Moines
Zaragoza Uganda Newcastle Detroit
Tanzania Kampala Nottingham Durham
Sri Lanka Dar es Salaam Portsmouth El Paso
Colombo Mwanza Ukraine Sheffield Fort Myers
Dnipropetrovs'k Fresno
Sudan Thailand Donetsk United States Grand Rapids
Khartoum Bangkok Kharkov Akron Greensboro
Nyala Chiang Mai Kiev Albany Greenville
Samut Prakan Krivoi Rog Albuquerque Harrisburg
Sweden Lvov Allentown Hartford
Gothenburg Togo Mykolaiv Atlanta Honolulu
Malmo Lome Odessa Augusta Houston
Stockholm Zaporizhzhya Austin Indianapolis
Tunisia Bakersfield Jackson
Switzerland Safaqis United Arab Emirates Baltimore Jacksonville
Geneva Tunis Abu Dhabi Baton Rouge Kansas City
Zurich Dubai Birmingham Knoxville

38
C-GIDD cities, continued

United States United States Uzbekistan

Lakeland Richmond Tashkent
Lancaster Riverside-San Bernardino
Las Vegas Rochester Venezuela
Little Rock Sacramento Barcelona-Puerto La Cruz
Los Angeles Saint Louis Barquisimeto
Louisville Salt Lake City Caracas
Madison San Antonio Ciudad Guayana
McAllen San Diego Maracaibo
Memphis San Francisco Maracay
Miami San Jose Valencia
Milwaukee Sarasota
Minneapolis-Saint Paul Scranton Viet Nam
Modesto Seattle Bien Hoa
Nashville Spokane Can Tho
New Haven Springfield Da Nang
New Orleans Stamford Haiphong
New York Stockton Hanoi
Ogden Syracuse Ho Chi Minh City
Oklahoma City Tampa
Omaha Toledo Yemen
Orlando Tucson Aden
Oxnard Tulsa Sana'a'
Palm Bay Virginia Beach Taiz
Philadelphia Washington
Phoenix Wichita Zambia
Pittsburgh Winston-Salem Kitwe
Portland Worcester Lusaka
Portland Youngstown
Providence Zimbabwe
Provo-Orem Uruguay Bulawayo
Raleigh Montevideo Harare

39
C-GIDD contact information

C-GIDD
Boston Canback
210 Broadway, Suite 303
Cambridge MA 02139
+1-617-399-1300 ext. 210

Bobo Shen
bshen@canback.com

40
Canback contact information
AMERICAS
Boston Canback Headquarters
210 Broadway, Suite 303
Cambridge MA 02139
+1-617-399-1300
Chicago Canback USA
500 N. Michigan Ave.
Suite 1925
Chicago IL 60611
+1-312-853-3716 or 3823
EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA
London Canback Europe
20 Cabot Square
London E14 4QW
+44-20-7576-8181
ASIA
Beijing Canback China
Unit 1711, 17/F, Block 1
Taikang Financial Tower
38 East 3rd Ring Rd. North
Chaoyang District 100026
+86-10-8571-2188
Shanghai Canback China
Rm 2508A, 25/F, Rui Jin Bldg
205 Mao Ming South Rd,
Shanghai 200020
+86-21-6473-7128
Alyssa Vergun
avergun@canback.com
Ivan Izus Torossian
itorossian@canback.com
Caleb Darsch
cdarsch@canback.com
Alex van Kemenade
alexandervankemenade@eiu.com
Shuyuan Hu
shu@canback.com
Mexico City Canback Mexico Francisco Maciel Morfin
Bosque de Ciruelos 194, PH3 fmaciel@canback.com
Bosques de las Lomas
11700 Ciudad de Mxico, D.F.
+52-55-4164-8500
Johannesburg Canback SA & SSA Arshad Abba
Inanda Greens Business Park arshad_abba@canback.com
Building 8
54 Wierda Road West
Wierda Valley, Sandton, 2196
+27-83-786 2450
Jakarta Canback SE Asia Teddy Purnomo
Jl. Tiang Bendera 5 no. 2A tpurnomo@canback.com
DKI Jakarta 11230
+62-812-8743 7578
41