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This print-out should have 24 questions. Find the solution of the exponential equa-
Multiple-choice questions may continue on tion
3
the next column or page find all choices 34x = 9 2 x+9.
before answering.
1. x = 18 correct
001 10.0 points
Determine which, if any, of the following
2. x = 9
x
f (x) = 25 + 10 ,
3. x = 18
g(x) = 52x+2 ,
h(x) = 25 (25x ) , 4. none of these
define the same function.
5. x = 9
1. only g, f
Explanation:
2. none of f, g, or h By properties of exponents,
3
3. only g, h correct 9 2 x+9 = 33x+18 .
1. ab = 4
only g, h
(x 2)(x + 8) = 0,
Which function has
and so its solutions are 2, 8. Hence
4
ab = 16.
2
004 10.0 points
Find y when 4 2 2 4
1 4
1. y =
3
2 as its graph?
2. y =
7
1. f (x) = 2 3x correct
10
3. y =
21 2. f (x) = 2x1 2
8
4. y = correct 3. f (x) = 2 2x1
21
3 4. f (x) = 3x 3
5. y =
7
5. f (x) = 2x1 3
Explanation:
The equations
6. f (x) = 3x 2
2x = 32y , 32x = 16y+2 Explanation:
reed (jhr977) HW02 meth (55185) 3
The given graph has the property that
lim f (x) = 2 . 4
x
But 2
lim 2x = 0 = lim 3x , 3.
x x 4 2 2 4
while 2
lim 2x = 0 = lim 3x , 4
x x
4
006 10.0 points
4
Which of the following is the graph of
f (x) = 2 2x1 ? 2
5.
4 2 2 4
4
2
2
4
1. correct
4 2 2 4
2 4
4 2
6.
4 2 2 4
4
2
2
4
2.
4 2 2 4
2 Explanation:
Since
4 lim 2x = 0 ,
x
reed (jhr977) HW02 meth (55185) 4
we see that and get a linear equation in x.
Consequently,
lim f (x) = 2 ,
x
3
in particular, f has a horizontal asymptote x(4 (4)) = 6 , i .e., x = .
4
y = 2. This eliminates all but two of the
3
graphs. On the other hand, f (0) = , so the
2
y-intercept of the given graph must occur at keywords: ExponentFunc, Exponent-
3
y = . FuncExam,
2
Consequently, the graph is of f is
008 10.0 points
4 If the graph of f is
10
2 9
8
7 8
6
5
4 2 2 4 4
3 4
2 2
1
0
-1
4 -2 8 4 4 8
-3
-4
-5 4
-6
007 10.0 points -7
-8
If x satisfies the equation -9 8
-10
24x = 432x ,
which of the following is the graph of f 1(x)?
determine the value of x. 10
9
8
1 7 8
1. x = 1. 65
2 4
3 4
2
2. x = 1 1
0
-1
-2 8 4 4 8
3 -3
3. x = correct -4
-5 4
4 -6
-7
5 -8
4. x = -9 8
8 -10
10
9
7 8
8
5. x = 7
8 2. 65 correct
4
Explanation: 3 4
2
Since 4 = 22 , the equation can be rewritten 1
0
as -1
-2 8 4 4 8
24x = 22(32x) , -3
-4
-5 4
so that we can now compare exponents: -6
-7
-8
-9 8
4x = 2(3 2x) -10
reed (jhr977) HW02 meth (55185) 5
10
10 9
9 8
8 7 8
7 8 6
3. 65 5
4
4
3 4 3 4
2 2
1 1
0 0
-1 -1
-2 8 4 4 8 -2 8 4 4 8
-3 -3
-4 -4
-5 4 -5 4
-6
-7 -6
-8 -7
-9 8 -8
-10 -9 8
-10
10
9
8
7 8 009 10.0 points
4. 65
4
3 4
2
1 Which of the following functions will fail to
0
-1 have an inverse?
-2
-3
8 4 4 8
-4
-5 4
-6
-7 5
-8
-9 8 4
-10 4
1.3
2
10 1
2
9
8 0
7 8 -1
5. 65 4 2 2 4
-2
4 2
3 4 -3
2 -4
1 4
0 -5
-1
-2
-3
8 4 4 8
-4 4
-5 4 4
-6
-7 2.3 correct
-8 2
-9 8 1
2
-10
0
9 -1 4 2 2 4
8 -2
7 8 2
6. 65 -3
4 -4
3 4 -5
4
2
1
0 5
-1 4
-2
-3
8 4 4 8 4
-4 3.3
-5 4 2
-6 1
2
-7
-8 0
-9 8
-10 -1 4 2 2 4
-2
-3
2
Explanation: -4
4
The graph of f 1 (x) is obtained by reflect- -5
ing the graph of f over the line y = x:
reed (jhr977) HW02 meth (55185) 6
5
4
4 Explanation:
4.3 Since f (7) = 8 and f is one-to-one, the
2 inverse, f 1 , of f exists and
1
2
0
-1 f 1 (f (x)) = f (f 1(x)) = x .
4 2 2 4
-2
-3
2 Consequently,
-4
-5
4
5 f 1 (8) = f 1 (f (7)) = 7 .
4
4
5.3
2
1
2
0
keywords: inverse, one-to-one,
-1 4 2 2 4
-2 011 10.0 points
-3
2
-4 Determine the inverse function, f 1 , of f
-5
4
when
Explanation:
If a function f has an inverse, then it must f (x) = 3x , (x 0) .
be a one-to-one function; equivalently, the
graph of f must pass the horizontal line test. 1 2
The only graph failing to pass this test is 1. f 1(x) = x , ( < x < )
3
4
4 2. f 1(x) does not exist
3
2
1
2 1 2
3. f 1(x) = x , (x 0)
0 3
-1 4 2 2 4
-2 1 2
2 4. f 1(x) = x , (x 0) correct
-3 3
-4
-5
4 1
5. f 1(x) = x2 , (x 0)
3
010 10.0 points
Explanation:
If f is a one-to-one function such that The function f (x) = 3x is a one-to-one
f (7) = 8, what is the value of f 1(8)? function for x 0; hence the inverse f 1(x)
exists. Now the solution to the equation
1. f 1 (8) = 11
3x = y , y > 0
2. f 1 (8) = 3
1
3. not enough information given is x = y 2 . But the original function f (x)
3
can take only non-negative values, i.e., the
4. f 1 (8) = 7 correct range of f is [0, ); this means that the
domain of f 1 is [0, ). Consequently,
5. f 1 (8) = 4
1 2
1 f 1 (x) = x , (x 0 ) .
6. f (8) = 9 3
reed (jhr977) HW02 meth (55185) 7
2. log2 8 = 3 But
log9 27 = log9 9 + log9 3 .
3. log2 8 = 3 correct Thus the given expression reduces to
1 1 + log9 3 .
4. log2 = 3
8
reed (jhr977) HW02 meth (55185) 8
2. x = 10 we see that
7log7 2 = = 2,
3. x = 10
while
4. x = 9 1
8 log8 4 = = .
4
5. x = 8 correct Consequently,
6. x = 8 7 5 13
x = = .
Explanation: 3 4 12
By properties of logs,
1 1 017 10.0 points
log3 = log3 = 2,
9 (3)2 Find the value of x when
while x = 6 log6
2
63 3 log3
3
32 .
log4 64 = log4 (4)3 = 3 .
1. x = 7 correct
Consequently,
41
x = 18 10 = 8 . 2. x =
6
13
3. x =
016 10.0 points 2
f (x) = log2 (3 x)
4. loga (16) correct
when dashed lines indicates asymptotes?
6
5. loga 2
Explanation: 1.
By properties of logs the given expression 2
can be rewritten as
2
! 2 4
25 16 5
loga 2 2 = loga (16) .
85 2 25 2
as much as possible. 2 4
1. f (x) = x8 correct 2
2. f (x) = x40
reed (jhr977) HW02 meth (55185) 10
other hand, log2 (x) is defined only on (0, )
and
3. 2
2
4. 2
2 4 2 4
2
2
5. correct
2 To get the graph of log2 (x) we simply flip
the one for log2 (x) over both the x-axis and
the y-axis, producing
2 4
2
6.
2
4 2
2 4
2
2
5
x = ln(2) .
2 2
1. x = 10 ln(5)
4. x = 6
5
2. x = ln(2) correct
2 5. x = 5
5
3. x = ln(2) Explanation:
2 Since the domain of ln(x) is (0, ), we take
x > 0. Now by properties of logs,
4. x = 5 ln(5)
x(x + 2)
ln(x) + ln(x + 2) ln(15) = ln
5. x = 5 ln(5) 15
2
x + 2x
6. x = 10 ln(2) = ln .
15
Explanation:
But then
Taking logs of both sides we see that x2 + 2x
= 1.
15
2x 1
ln(e ) = ln .
32 Thus x is the positive solution of the equation
Thus x2 + 2x 15 = (x + 5)(x 3) = 0 .
1
ln = 2x ln(e) = 2x . Consequently,
32
Now x = 3 .
1
ln = ln 25 = 5 ln(2) .
32 023 10.0 points
reed (jhr977) HW02 meth (55185) 12
If a, b are the solutions of the equation
2. f 1(x) = ln(3 x) , x < 3
3 ex + 2 ex = 7,
1
find the value of a + b. 3. f 1 (x) = ln , x < 3 correct
3x
7
1. a + b = 4. f 1(x) = ln(x 3) , x > 3
3
2 1
2. a + b = ln correct 5. f 1(x) =
3 3 + ex
7
3. a + b = e 3 1
1
6. f (x) = ln , x > 3
x3
2
4. a + b = ex
3 7. f 1(x) =
3 + ex
7 ex
5. a + b = ln 8. f 1(x) =
3 3 + ex
Explanation: Explanation:
Set u = ex in the given equation. Then it As ex is defined and decreasing for all x,
becomes the inverse f 1 exists because f is increasing;
2
3u + = 7 in addition, since ex > 0, we see that
u
and finally a quadratic equation domain(f ) = (, ) ,
3u2 7u + 2 = 0. range(f ) = (, 3) ,
But after factorization, so by properties of inverse functions,
3 u2 7 u + 2 = (u 2)(3u 1). domain(f 1 ) = (, 3) ,
Thus range(f 1) = (, ) .
a b 1
e = 2, e = ,
3
i.e. To determine f 1 we first solve for x in
1
a = ln 2, b = ln . y = 3 ex :
3
Consequently, ex = 3 y , i .e., x = ln(3 y) .
2 Reversing now the roles of x and y we thus
a + b = ln .
3 get
1
024 10.0 points f 1 (x) = ln , x < 3,
3x
Find the inverse, f 1, of since
1
f (x) = 3 ex . ln x = ln .
x
1
1. f 1 (x) =
3 + ex