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Thomas Moore

MATH-1210-407-F17

Math 1210 Signature Assignment

Derivatives
Suppose that a particle moves according to the law of motion s(t) = 4 2 2 + 2 with t 0. Use your knowledge of the relationship between position, velocity, and acceleration to
answer the following questions.

Note: Since the units were not given, I will be assuming that the function s(t) is in
metres/second.
The equation s(t) = t4 2t2 + 2 gives us the position of the particle at (t)

d/dt t4 2t2 + 2 = 4t3 4t = 4t(t2 1)

s(t) gives us the formula for velocity at (t) which is s(t) = 4t(t2 1) .

The formula for acceleration is the second derivative of s(t) .

d/dt 4t(t2 1) = 4t(2t) + 4(t2 1) = 8t2 + 4t2 4 = 12t2 4

Thus, the equation for acceleration is 12t2 4

a) What is the velocity of the particle at t = 1 second?


Using the formula for velocity above, we plug in 1 (t) and we get the following:
4(1)(12 1) = 4(1 1) = 4(0) = 0metres/second

b) Determine when the particle is moving in a positive direction, a negative direction, and when
it is at rest.
The particle is at rest at t=0 and t=1 since 4(0)(0 1) = 0( 1) = 0.
The particle is moving in a negative direction whenever 0 < t < 1.
The particle is moving in a positive direction whenever t > 1.

c) What is the total distance traveled by the particle in the first 3 seconds?
The position of the particle is given by the equation s(t)t4 2t2 + 2
If (t) = 3, then s(3) = (3)4 2(3)2 + 2 = 81 18 + 2 = 65 metres.
The particle has moved 65 metres in 3 seconds.

d) What is the acceleration of the particle at t = 1 second?


Using the second derivative of s(t), which is 12t2 4 , we can find the acceleration at t = 1.
12(1)2 4 = 12 4 = 8metres/second/second.
e) When is the particle speeding up and slowing down?
Due to the formula for acceleration stated above, the particle is accelerating as t increases.
However, the particle is slowing down when t approaches 0.

-- The red line is the graph for position.


-- The blue line is the graph for velocity.
-- The green line is the graph for acceleration.
From the graph, we can that the velocity when t = 0 and t = 1. is 0. We can also see how the
velocity is negative when (t) < 0. Furthermore, when (t) = 1, the velocity is 0. Additionally, the
velocity is positive when (t) > 0. This supports the arguments that I made as an answer to
question (b)

Also, from the green line we can indeed judge that the acceleration when (t) = 1 is in fact
8 metres/second/second.

My solution process was to find the formulas for position, velocity, and acceleration prior to
doing the problems. In the real world, another example of derivatives would be the rate at
which water flows into a conical container. This makes use of related rates.

Citations:

"Related rates: water pouring into a cone (video) |Khan Academy." Khan Academy | Free
Online Courses, Lessons & Practice. Khan Academy, Web. 12 Sep 2017.
<http://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-ab/ab-applications-derivatives/ab-related-rat
es/v/related-rates-of-water-pouring-into-cone>.

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