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KIRCHBERG DECLARATION

9 May 1994

The WEU Council of Ministers met in Luxembourgon 9 May 1994 and


issuedthe Kirchberg Declarationconsistingof the following three parts:

I. Communique
II. Documenton a statusof Associationwith WEU for the Republic of
Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia,
the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of
Lithuania, the Republic of Poland,Romaniaand the Slovak Republic

m. Declaration following on from the "Document on Associate


Membership" of 20 November 1992

Part II of this Declaration was adoptedat the Ministerial meeting of the


Forum of Consultation held in the afternoonof 9 May 1994.
I

C O:M:MU NI Q DE
WED Council of Ministers
Luxembour2, 9 May 1994

Ministers devoteda substantialpart of their discussionsto the strengthening


of relationswith the nine Central EuropeanPartnersandto the adoptionof a status
of Association with WEU, which representsthe culmination of the initiative
extendedto them at the meetingin Luxembourglast November.

Other topics addressedat this meetingwere the enhancedstatusoffered to


the future AssociateMembersand the strengtheningof the EuropeanSecurity and
Defence Identity and WEU's operational capabilities. Given the political and
operationalimportancefor WEU of the results of the Alliance Summit of January
1994, Ministers discussedthe significant possibilitiestheseoffered for the further
developmentof WEU. They finally addressedthe developmentof the dialogue
with the MediterraneanStatesand contactswith Russiaand Ukraine.

1. Further to the reflection by the PermanentCouncil on the basis of the


mandategiven in Luxembourgon 22 November1993,Ministers warmly welcomed
the agreementreachedon the contentand modalitiesof a statusof Associationwith
WEU offered to the ConsultationPartners.They agreedon a Documenton a status
of Association which figures as Part II of this Declaration.

WEU is launching this major political initiative in the context of the


developinglinks betweentheseStatesand Europeaninstitutions, notably through
EuropeAgreements. This will constitutea concretecontributionby WEU towards
preparingtheseStatesfor their integrationand eventualaccessionto the European
Union, opening up in turn the perspectiveof membershipof WEU. This initiative
is fully complementaryto cooperationwithin the Alliance framework, in particular
to the Partnership for Peace programme, and to that taking place within the
framework of the Stability Pact, these processesbeing mutually reinforcing.
Ministers consideredthat greater participation by theseStatesin WEU activities,
together with the closer consultationon security questionsthat will ensue, will
contribute significantly to greater stability in Europe.

In this context, Ministers welcomedthe positive contribution made by the


WEU Assembly to the reinforcementof Europeansecurity.
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2. Recognisingthe highly valuablecontribution that the Republic of Iceland, the
Kingdom of Norway and the Republic of Turkey are already making to WEU's
activities as future AssociateMembers, Ministers agreedon a Declaration which
figures in Part III of the presentdocument. By enabling WEU to draw fully on
these countries' expertiseand resources,this packageof measureswill enhance
WEU's role as the defencecomponentof the EuropeanUnion and as the meansto
strengthenthe Europeanpillar of the Atlantic Alliance.

3. On the occasionof their first meetingfollowing the January 1994 Summit


of the Atlantic Alliance, Ministers warmly welcomedthe full supportexpressedby
the Alliance for the developmentof a EuropeanSecurity and Defence Identity.
They expressedsatisfactionthat the relevantparts of the Luxembourg Declaration
of 22 November 1993, intended as a European contribution to the Alliance
Summit, had beenduly takeninto account. In this context, they acknowledgedthe
importanceof the decisionof the Alliance to examinehow to further develop and
adaptits structuresand procedures.

They welcomed the Summit's endorsementof the principle that collective


assetsand capabilitiesof the Alliance can be madeavailablefor WEU operations
in order to strengthenWEU as the defencecomponentof the EuropeanUnion and
as the means to strengthenthe Europeanpillar of the Atlantic Alliance. They
underlinedthat the modalitiesfor making theseavailableshould preserveWEU's
own planning proceduresand capabilities.
'. Ministers stressedthe importanceof work underway in WEU on the WEU-
related aspectsof the adaptationof the Alliance structures. In order to enhance
WEU's ability to carry out the tasks defined in the PetersbergDeclaration,
Ministers endorsedthe approachto identify the assetsand capabilitiesrequired to
perform the necessarymilitary functions.

Ministers underlinedthe importanceof coordinationwith the Alliance on the


implementation of the CJTF concept and the definition of separablebut not
separatemilitary capabilitiesso as to ensuretheir effective use where appropriate
by WEU, and in that caseunder its command.

While recalling their commitmentto strengthenthe operationalcapabilities


of WEU, they also agreedthat WEU would benefit from careful managementof
resourcesas well as existing standardizedprocedures.

Ministers requestedthe PermanentCouncil to take discussionson these


mattersforward as fast as possiblewith a view to the timely presentationof joint
positions into the processof consultationin the Alliance.
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4. Ministers recalled that WEU was fully prepared to play its role in
accordancewith the Treaty on EuropeanUnion and the Maastricht Declarationand
to respond to requestsfrom the European Union concerning its decisions and
actions having defence implications. They welcomed the fact that working
relationswith the EuropeanUnion were now being developed.They also recalled
their endorsementat their last meetingof tile measuI-es to ensureclosecooperation
betweenthe EuropeanUnion and WEU containedin the conclusionsof the General
Affairs Council of 26 October 1993and approvedby the EuropeanCouncil on 29
October 1993. Ministers emphasizedin this context the need to improve
cooperationparticularly in the managementof crises and looked forward to close
cooperation between the two Organisations in order to respond rapidly and
efficiently in the event of crises. In this context, Ministers welcomedthe request
by the European Union to make a contribution to a future European Union
administrationof Mostar and confinned that WEU was ready to offer its support.
This constituteda promising exampleof the close cooperationbetweenWEU and
the EuropeanUnion foreseenby the Maastricht Treaty.

Ministers alsowelcomedthe successfulconclusionof the negotiationson the


accessionof Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden to the European Union
whereby those countriesundertook, inter alia, to acceptthe Community" acquisH
in the field of commonforeign and security policy. They expressedthe hope that
their accessioncould becomeeffective by 1 January 1995and recalled that WEU
was prepared, in the period leading up to that accession,to strengthencontacts.

5. Ministers recalledthe longer term perspectiveof a commondefencepolicy


within the European Union, which might lead in time to a common defence,
compatible with that of the Atlantic Alliance. In this spirit, they tasked the
PermanentCouncil to begin work on the formulation of a common European
defence policy with a view to presentingpreliminary conclusionsat their next
Ministerial meeting in the Netherlands.

6. Ministers recalledthe importancethey attachedto the continuedoperational


developmentofWEU, asthe defencecomponentof the EuropeanUnion and as the
meansto strengthenthe Europeanpillar of the Alliance.

Ministers notedthe work of the PlanningCellon the Forces Answerableto


WEU, and requestedit to develop further an ,inventory of force packageswhich
will enableWEU to carry out the tasksconferred to it, particularly in the field of
humanitarianmissions,peacekeepingand crisis management.They also took note
of the report of the role of WEU in peacekeeping.
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Ministers warmly welcomed and endorsed the adoption of the Joint
Declarations setting the conditions for the use of the Belgian/German/
Netherlands/UK Multinational Division (Central) and the United
Kingdom/Netherlands Amphibious Force in the framework of WEU and the
understandingsin theseregards.

Ministers noted with satisfaction Luxembourg's decision to join the


EuropeanCorps.

Ministers approveda "WEU OperationPlan CombinedEndeavour" for the


generationof a WEU Maritime Force aspresentedby the PlanningCell and agreed
that such an initiative should be further developedin accordancewith the initial
mandate.

In the same framework, Ministers looked forward to the further


developmentof the Italian proposalscurrently underconsiderationwith Franceand
Spain, envisaginga multinational ground force answerableto WEU.

They are confident that these initiatives will significantly contribute to


European capabilities for crisis managementand to the development of the
Europeansecurity and defenceidentity.

Ministers confirmed the aim of further developingWEU's capability to use


satelliteimagery for securitypurposes. In this context, they envisagedestablishing
the WEU Satellite Centreat Torrejon asa permanentbody of the Organizationand
would take a decision on this point in the light of the evaluation of the work
undertakenby the Centreduring its experimentalperiod. They recognisedthe need
to take appropriate decisionsin November 1994 to ensure the continuity of the
Centre's work until that evaluationwas completed.

Ministers reaffirmed their will to set up an independentEuropeansatellite


system. A decision would be taken subjectto evaluation of the costsand merits
of the proposed system and of other WEU alternatives and affordability. To
preparea possibledecisionof a launch of sucha programme,Ministers taskedthe
SpaceGroup to prepare, for their Spring 1995 meeting, a proposal for decision,
including the preparationof a draft Memorandumof Understandingcontainingthe
detailedspecifications,to be concludedbetweenthe presentWEU memberStates.
5
7. Ministers also reviewed the latest developmentsin the situation in fonner
Yugoslavia.

They expressed their satisfaction at the conduct, as part of the


implementationof United Nations sanctionsagainstSerbiaand Montenegro,of the
joint WEU-NATO OperationSHARP GUARD in the Adriatic and the police and
customsoperationson the Danubeundertakenin close cooperationwith Bulgaria,
Hungary and Romania.

Ministers expressedtheir satisfaction with the initial planning so far


undertakenon a WEU contribution in the police field to a future EuropeanUnion
administration of Mostar. They welcomed the initial results obtained by the
EuropeanUnion's AdvanceParty in which WEU representativeshad taken part.
They approvedWEU's continuedinvolvement, through senior police officers, in
the AdvanceParty.

8. Ministers reviewed the developmentsin the Mediterranean region and


welcomedin particular the recentbreakthroughin the Middle-East peaceprocess.
Stressingthe importanceof securityand stability in the Mediterraneanbasinfor the
security of Europe, they agreedfurther to develop the dialogue already initiated
with the Maghreb countriesand to expandit to Egypt and gradually to other non-
WEU MediterraneanStates.

9. Ministers, in the context of the growing role of WEU for promoting peace,
security and stability in Europe, agreedon the importanceof developingdialogue
and exchangesof information on issuesof common concern betweenWEU and
Russia.

Ministers welcomedthe Moscow Trilateral Statementon 14 January 1994


on the elimination of nuclear arms from Ukraine as an important contribution to
security and stability in Europe. They agreed that the fulfilment of these
commitmentswidens the basis for the developmentof dialogue and exchangesof
information with Ukraine on issuesof commonconcern.

Ministers instructedthe PermanentCouncil to examineappropriateways in


order to achievethis objective.

10. Ministers agreedthat the CSCE, as the only European and transatlantic
forum covering all of Europe, mustbe strengthenedto avoid the emergenceof new
divisions. To this end, they reaffirmed their governments'resolution to commit
the necessaryresourcesandto continueworking for a reasonabledivision of labour
with the CSCE giving effect to the conceptof mutually reinforcing institutions
developedin the 1992Helsinki Declaration.
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11. Ministers welcomedthe progressmade in the preparationof the Stability
Pact in Europe. They underlined the importancethey attachedto the Inaugural
Conferenceto be held in Paris on 26 and 27 May next, which shouldpave the way
to improving relations of good neighbourlinessin Europe.

12. Underlining the political significancewhich the withdrawal of foreign troops


from the territories of Baltic Statesrepresentsfor stability in Europe, Ministers
welcomedthe recent Russian-Latvianagreementsand expressedtheir support for
the early conclusionof the talks betweenRussiaand Estonia.

0 0

Following on from the meeting of the WEU Council, the Ministers of


Foreign Affairs and Defenceof the Republicof Bulgaria, the CzechRepublic, the
Republicof Estonia,the Republicof Hungary, the Republicof Latvia, the Republic
of Lithuania, the Republic of Poland, Romaniaand the Slovak Republic met the
WEU Foreign Affairs and DefenceMinisters in Luxembourg on 9 May 1994 for
the annualmeetingof the WEU Forum of Consultationand associatedthemselves
with the relevant passagesof this Communique.

Ministers adoptedsolemnly the "Documenton a statusof Associationwith


WEU" which constitutesPart n of the Kirchberg Declaration, and underlinedthe
major importanceof this agreement.

In the light of the creation of this new statusand noting that the Forum of
Consultationhas fulfilled its initial mandateto the satisfactionof its participants,
Ministers decided to suspendits meetings.
n
DOCUMENT ON A STATUS OF ASSOCIAnON WITH WEU
FOR THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA, THE CZECH REPUBLIC,
THE REPUBLIC OF ESfONIA, THE REPUBLIC OF HUNGARY,
THE REPUBLIC OF LATVIA, THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA,
THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND, ROMANIA AND THE SLOVAK
REPUBLIC

The WEU Council of Ministers and the Ministers of Foreign Affairs and
Defenceof the Republic of Bulgaria, the CzechRepublic, the Republic of ~tonia, the
Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic
of Poland, Romaniaand the Slovak Republic met in Luxembourg on 9 May 1994.

RECALLING:

the Declarationof the Extraordinary Meeting of the WEU Council of


Ministers with Statesof Central Europe in Bonn on 19 June 1992 and

the Communiqueof the Meeting of the WEU Forum of Consultationat


Ministerial level in Rome on 20 May 1993;

RECALLING more particularly the Declarationof the WEU Council of


Ministers in Luxembourg on 22 November 1993 which:

underlined the need, in the interest of increasedstability in Europe, for


closer consultationon security issues;

considered,particularly in the light of the entry into force of the Treaty


on EuropeanUnion, that theserelations shouldbe broadenedand
deepenedin parallel to the closer cooperationof these stateswith the
EuropeanUnion;

initiated a reflection on an enhanced...status


for thoseconsultationpartners
who had already concludedor would concludea Europe agreementwith
the EuropeanUnion in order to allow thosecountries to participate to a
larger extent in the activities of WEU and to be involved in initiatives
and missionsas envisagedin the PetersbergDeclaration;
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RECALLING also the Declarationof the EuropeanCouncil in Copenhagenof
22-23 June 1993, which underlined the vocation of countriesof Central and Eastern
Europe to enter the EuropeanUnion, and taking into accountthe developing links of
theseStateswith Europeaninstitutions notably through the Europe Agreementsand the
desirability of preparing thoseStatesfor their integration and eventualaccessionto the
EuropeanUnion; "

BEARING IN MIND that the developmentof closer relations with the nine
Central Europeannations through an enhancedstatuswithin WEU and through
cooperationwithin the Alliance framework, in particular the Partnershipfor Peace
programme, will be mutually reinforcing and contribute significantly to security and
stability in Europe;

EMPHASIZING that such an enhancedstatusbasedon stability of institutions,


guaranteeingdemocracy,the rule of law, humanrights, and respectfor and protection
of minorities, should contribute to security and stability in Europe, and welcoming in
this regard the forthcoming conferenceon Stability to be held in Paris.

RECOGNIZING that the relations amongWEU countries and consultation


partnersare basedon the following criteria:

settlementof differencesby peacefulmeans,in accordancewith the


obligations from the United Nations Charter, the commitmentsentered
into under the terms of the Helsinki Final Act and the Paris Charter and
the generally recognizedprinciples and rules of intemationallaw,

refraining from resorting to the threat or use of force, in accordancewith


the United Nations Charter.

The WEU Council of Ministers and the Ministers of Foreign Affairs and
Defenceof Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania,
Poland, Romania and Slovakia have agreedon the presentstatuswhereby the Republic
of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Hungary,
the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Poland, Romania
and the Slovak Republic will becomeAssociatePartnersof WEU; this statuswill
comprise the following elements:

This statusdoes not entail any changesto the modified BrusselsTreaty

1 They may participate in the meetingsof the Council subject to the following
provisions:
they may take part in discussionsbut may not block a decision that is the
subject of consensus among the member States.
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to enableWED to perform to the full its role as the defencecomponent
of the EuropeanUnion and as the meansto strengthenthe European
pillar of the Atlantic Alliance and also to addressany other questionsin
an appropriateconfiguration, meetingsof the Council according to
presentarrangementswill be convepedon the basis of the provisions
agreedin Rome on 20 November 1992 in the Documenton Associate
Membershipof WED and the Declarationon WEU Observers.

They will be regularly informed at the Council of the activities of its working
groups and may be invited to participatein working groups on a caseby case
basis.

They may have a liaison arrangement with the Planning Cell.

2. They may associate themselveswith decisionstakenby memberStates


concerning the following tasksenvisagedin para 11.4of the Petersberg
Declaration, i.e.: "humanitarianand rescuetasks, peacekeepingtasks, tasks of
combat forces in crisis management,including peacemaking".

They will be ableto participatein their implementation as well as in relevant


exercisesand planning unlessa majority of the memberStates,or half of the
member Statesincluding the Presidency,decideotherwise. They will be invited
to provide information on forces. They will also be able to offer forces for
specific operations.

When it is agreedthat they join suchWEU operationsby committing forces,


they will have the sameobligationsas other participants,as well as the right of
involvement in the commandstructuresand in the Council's subsequent
decision-makingprocess. The precise modalitiesof their participation, including
their rights and obligations, in each such WEU operation will be agreedon a
case-by-casebasis.
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m
DECLARATION FOLWWING ON FROM mE "DOCUMENT
ON ASSOCIATEMEMBERSHIP" OF 20 NOVEMBER 1992

The WEU Council of Ministers met in Luxembourg on 9 May 1994

Recalling:

the WEU Maastricht Declarationof 10 December1991 whereby other European


memberStatesof NATO were invited to becomeassociatemembersof WEU in a way
which would give them the possibility to participate fully in the activities of WEU,
taking into account its role as the defencecomponentof the EuropeanUnion and as
the meansto strengthenthe Europeanpillar of the Atlantic Alliance;

the PetersbergDeclaration "On RelationsbetweenWEU and the other European


memberStatesof the EuropeanUnion or the Atlantic Alliance" of 19 June 1992;

the "Document on AssociateMembership" agreedat the WEU Ministerial Council in


Rome on 20 November 1992.

Recognizingthe significant contribution of the associatemembersof WEU


to Europeansecurity and stabili~y;

Underlining the need to reinforce the relationshipof the associatemembers


with WEU in a way that would enablethem to make an even stronger contribution to
WEU as it faces new challengesand opportunities.

Ministers

reaffirmed the Council's commitmentfully to take into considerationassociate


members'security interests;

reiteratedthat the security guaranteesand defencecommitmentsbinding the members


stateswithin WEU and the Atlantic Alliance are mutually reinforcing and recalled
that, as membersof the Atlantic Alliance, the WEU associatemembersfully enjoy the
provisions of article 5 of the WashingtonTreaty;
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Ministers further

recalleA:t
that under the documenton associatemembership,associatemembersmay
associatethemselveswith decisionstaken by Member States;
.-
emphasizedthat associatemembers,by committing forces to WEU military
operations,will, under conditions laid down by the Rome documentof 20 November
1992, participate on the samebasisas full membersin theseoperations, as well as in
relevant exercisesand planning;

confirmed that in all questionsconcerningthe security of forces committed for such


operations,there will be no distinction betweenthe forces of associatemembersand
the forces of full members.

The presentDeclaration doesnot entail any changesto the "Document


on AssociateMembership" adoptedin Rome on 20 November 1992.

The WEll Council of Ministers agreedthat:

associatemembershave full rights to nominateforces answerableto WEU

the Republic of Iceland, the Kingdom of Norway and the Republic of Turkey may
nominateofficers to the Planning Cell in order to increaseWEU' s planning
capabilitiesand to enableWEU to draw more easily on the AssociateMembers'
expertiseand resourcesfor the tasksidentified in the PetersbergDeclaration;

the Republic of Iceland, the Kingdom of Norway and the Republic of Turkey should
be connectedas soon as possibleto the WEUCOM network for all communications
concerningmeetingsand activities in which associatemembersparticipate.

Ministers confirmed that the arrangementscontainedin the present


Declarationcannot be modified without the consentof the associatemembers.

Finally, the Council, while recognizingthe autonomyof the WEU


Assemblyinvited the Assemblythrough its national delegations,to examinefurther the
presentarrangementsfor the participation of parliamentariansfrom associatemember
countries.

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