A.

RESPIRATION
1. Fermentation of glucose by yeast produces
A. ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide.
B. lactic acid and carbon dioxide.
C. lactic acid and oxygen.
D. ethyl alcohol and oxygen.
2. The presence of lactic acid in the cells of an animals muscle tissue is an indication that the
A. animal carries on a complex form of respiration during daylight hours.
B. animal is not adapted to the use of glucose.
C. number of mitochondria in the muscle cells has increased.
D. muscle cells have been active during a period of oxygen deficiency.
3. Aerobic cellular respiration requires an adequate supply of
A. carbon dioxide.
B. oxygen.
C. ethyl alcohol.
D. starch.
4. One molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate as a result of the
A. light reactions of photosynthesis.
B. process of glycolysis.
C. digestion of a protein.
D. diffusion of water across a membrane.
5. Water is produced at the end of
A. the Krebs cycle.
B. lactic acid fermentation.
C. the electron transport chain.
D. photosynthesis.
6. What gas is given off during cellular respiration?
A. oxygen
B. methane
C. hydrogen
D. carbon dioxide
7. The first stage of cellular respiration is called
A. glycolysis.
B. the Krebs cycle.
C. the Calvin cycle.
D. oxidative respiration.
8. The end product of glycolysis is
A. CO2 B. acetyl-CoA C. lactate D. pyruvate
9. The final output of the Krebs cycle includes all of the following except
A. NADP B. FADH2 C. ATP D. CO2
10. What substance is produced by the oxidation of pyruvate and feeds into the citric acid cycle?
A. pyruvate B. glucose C. acetyl-CoA D. O2
11. In aerobic cellular respiration, which generates more ATP, substrate-level phosphorylation or
chemiosmosis?
A. substrate-level phosphorylation
B. chemiosmosis
C. both generate the same amount of ATP
D. neither generates any ATP
12. What role does O2 play in aerobic respiration?
A. it combines with acetyl-CoA at the start of the Krebs cycle
B. it is the final electron acceptor at the end of the electron transport chain
C. it is given off as a by-product during the oxidation of pyruvate
D. it combines with H2O to help drive the formation of ATP
13. During aerobic respiration, FADH2 is produced in
A. Glycolysis B. the Krebs cycle C. the electron transport chain D. fermentation
 14. The proper sequence of stages in glycolysis is
A. glucose priming, cleavage and rearrangement, oxidation, ATP generation
B. cleavage and rearrangement, glucose priming, ATP generation, oxidation
C. glucose priming, oxidation, cleavage and rearrangement, ATP generation
D. ATP generation, oxidation, glucose priming, cleavage and rearrangement
15. During what stage of cellular respiration is the most ATP synthesized?
A. glycolysis B. oxidation of pyruvate C. Krebs cycle D. chemiosmosis
16. During chemiosmosis in aerobic respiration, protons are pumped
A. out of the mitochondria into the cell cytoplasm
B. out of the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria
C. out of the cell cytoplasm into the outer compartment of the mitochondria
D. out of the nucleus and into the mitochondria
17. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of stages in cellular respiration?
A. glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and the citric acid cycle
B. glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
C. the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis
D. oxidative phosphorylation, the citric acid cycle, and glycolysis
18. Oxidation is the __________, and reduction is the __________.
A. gain of electrons . . . loss of electrons
B. loss of electrons . . . gain of electrons
C. gain of protons . . . loss of protons
D. gain of oxygen . . . loss of oxygen
19. The overall equation for the aerobic cellular respiration of glucose is
A. CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2 + ATP + Heat
B. C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + ATP + Heat
C. C6H12O6 Lactic acid + ATP + Heat
D. C6H12O6 CO2 + Ethyl alcohol + ATP + Heat
20. Between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle,
A. pyruvate is oxidized while a molecule of NAD+ is reduced to NADH.
B. coenzyme A is cleaved off of the four-carbon compound.
C. a carbon atom is added to make a four-carbon compound.
D. None of the choices are correct.
21. The term anaerobic means
A. without bacteria. B. without CO2. C. without O2 D with O2.
22. How many ATPs are used or consumed in the process of glycolysis?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

B. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
23. Which process is best illustrated by the diagram?

A. cellular respiration C. photosynthesis

B. digestion D. fermentation
24. Which of the following does not occur during one of the stages of photosynthesis?
A. Light energy is captured.
B. Pyruvate is produced.
C. ATP and NADPH are produced.
D. Glucose is made using carbon dioxide.
25. Tiny packets of light energy are called
A. enzymes. B. catalysts. C. photons. D. substrates.
 26. In photosynthesis the energy starts as ____________ energy and ends up as
______________ energy.
A. light; heat C. chemical; chemical
B. heat; light D. light; chemical
27. Which cell organelle does photosynthesis take place in?
A. mitochondria C. lysosome
B. vacuole D. chloroplast
28. The main pigment involved in photosynthesis is
A. xanthophylls C. chlorophyll
B. carotene D. bromothymol blue
29. In the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis, what happens?
A. light is absorbed C. water is used
B. oxygen is released D. All of the above
30. What powers the carbon fixation process?
A. ATP & NADPH produced by the light dependent reactions
B. ADP & NADP+ produced by the light dependent reactions
C. sunlight
D. glucose
31. What is the purpose of NADPH in photosynthesis?
A. provide energy C. carry electrons
B. provide carbon dioxide D. store oxygen
32. Where do the light dependent reactions occur?
A. mitochondrial matrix C. stomata
B. stroma D. thylakoid membrane
33. Where do the carbon fixation take place?
A. mitochondrial matrix B. stroma C. stomata D. thylakoid membrane
34. The summary equation for photosynthesis is
A. CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2 + ATP + Heat
B. C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + ATP + Heat
C. CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2
D. C6H12O6 CO2 + Ethyl alcohol + ATP + Heat
35. Which of the following organisms have the greatest problem with photorespiration?
A. C4 plants B. heterotrophs C. C3 plants D. purple sulfur bacteria
36. What energy-rich organic compound is produced as a result of the Calvin cycle?
A. NADPH B. CO2 C. ATP D. H2O
37. How many carbon atoms are in a molecule of RuBP?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
38. To reduce six molecules of carbon dioxide to glucose via photosynthesis, how many
molecules of NADPH and ATP are required?
A. 6 NADPH and 6 ATP
B. 12 NADPH and 12 ATP
C. 12 NADPH and 18 ATP
D. 18 NADPH and 12 ATP
39. Light is required for the light dependent reactions because
A. it is the source for electrons
B. it energizes electrons in the reaction center
C. it splits the water molecule
D. it splits ATP molecules which generates the energy necessary to power the light
independent reactions
40. Which of the following are produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?
A. ADP, NADP+, O2
B. glucose, ADP, NAD+
C. ATP, NADPH, CO2
D. ATP, NADPH, O2