6fdfd364 Ea04 4efe b561 Ddd4615fdabdGOC.p65

GOC 1
GOC
EXERCISE 1 HINTS & SOLUTIONS
1. A
Bond Formation is-
(A) Always exothermic
In Bond formation heat always release.
2. C
CH2=CHCN CH2=CHC N
3 2 1
sp2 sp
(C) sp2 sp overlap
3. A
4. C
5. B
Complete Resonance
6. A
7. B
8. A
9. (i) CH3CH2 (ii) CH2=CH2 (iii) CH2 C
3 2
sp sp sp (more E.N.)
(less E.N.)
Stability order iii > ii > i
10. D
11. A
12. C
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GOC 2
13. C
I 2 1
(a) FCH2CH2COOH F CH2CH2COO
I 2 1
(b) ClCHCH2COOH Cl CHCH2COO
| |
Cl Cl
I
1
(c) FCH2COOH F CH2COO less distance
more acidic
2 1
(d) BrCH2CH2COOH Br CH2CH2COO
I
1
acidity Ka Pkb
PKa
acidity order = c > b > a > d
Pkb order = c > b > a > d
14. B
+I
(A) CH3COOH CH3CO
||
O
+I
..
(B) MeO CH2 COOH MeO .. CH2COO
F
|
(C) CF3COOH FCCOO
|
F I
Me Me
(D) COOH COO
Me Me
Acid strength +I
order :- d<a<b<c
15. A
16. C
17. C
..
CH 3NCH 3
(A) Tri methyl amine |
CH3
NH2
(B) aniline =
..
(C) Di methyl amine = CH 3NH CH3
More electron density on 'N' more Basicity (it is more basic than 3 amine because 3
amine is sterically hindered)
(D) Methyl Amine = CH3NH2
394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

GOC 3
18. C
Coplanar = carbon should have sp2 hybridised.
sp3
(C)
19. D
(I) CH2 = CH CH = CH2 I, II, III are canonical structures to each other.
(II) CH2CH=CHCH2
(III) CH2CH=CHCH2
All
20. C
I II III
O O O
|| | |
C C C
H OH H OH H OH
Neutral 3 covalent 4 covalent
structure Bond Bond
(C) I > III > II
21. D
IV str. is least stable CH 2=CHCHCHOCH 3 due to repulsion b/w & l.p..
22. C
OH
(C) Neutral specie is most stable.
23. D
ON N=O
Complete octet &

Extended conjugation
24. A
N N N N N
(I) (II) (III) (IV) (V)

(I = V) > (II > IV) > III
Neutral Opposite Opposite charge at
charge more distance.
nearest
GOC 4
25. C
N N N N N
| | | | |
H H H H H
(I) (II) (III) (IV) (V)
(I) > III = IV > II = V
Opposite opposite
charge charge
near have more distance
26. A
27. C
28. B
m O
p OH
m O
ve charge comes at ortho & pera position so e- density is maximum on ortho & pera
position.
29. C
+I of O- is maximum e- density maximum in ring.
30. D
NO2
NO2
NO2 (I effect) occur at two places
So e density is minimum.

GOC 5
EXERCISE-2 LEVEL I
1. A
. . . .
C6H5CH C6H5 C6H 5CHCH=CH 2 CH3CH CH3 C6H 5CH CH3
(I) (II) (III) (IV)
more R.S. Reso. + hyper conj. (2) + I group R.S.
. .
(V) CH3CHCHCH2CH 2 (VI) CH3CH2CCH3
|
CH3
(1) + I group (3) + I group
(A) I > II > IV > VI > III > V
2. A
H
H .
. .
(I) (II) (III) (IV)
H . H
H H H H
H .
H .
+
less
resonance
H
.
H
more
resonance
order
(A) III > II > I > IV
3. C
4. B
CH3
C CH3
CMe3
CH3 CH 3
CH3 CH3
(I) No alpha hydrogen (II)
GOC 6
CH3
+
C CH 3 CHC3
CH3
CH 3
Me
H
Me
(III) (IV)
III > II > I > IV Bredt rule
5. A
(I) (II) (III)
Extended Cross
conjugation conjugation
6. A
O
(A) CH 3 CH CH3 Most Stable
+
non-bonding e Bonding
CH 3 CH 3
+ + +
(B) CH 3 CH (C) CH 3 CH CH3 (D) CH3 C
CH 3
7. A

(1) Me C H2 is more stable than MeO C H2
it is false because MeOCH2 MeO=CH2

6e 8e
By Resonance stablized

So MeO C H2 is more stable than Me C H2 So statement (1) is False.
(2) Me is a +I group where as MeO is a I group.
8. D
(A) O Br O Br
..
..
(B) O
.. O
Br Br
GOC 7
..
N Br N Br
(C) | |
Ph Ph -I
..
N Br N Br
(D) | |
CH3 CH3 +I
Hyperconjugation
(stable)
9. D
O O
N or N
2(I groups are here)

So ve ion stable.
10. D
3 2 2
sp sp sp
(I) CH3CH2 (II) (III) (III)

+I
3
sp sp
2
sp
3
(D) III > IV > I > II
11. B
CH2
Cl C Cl > > CH3CHCH3 > CH 3CCH3
| |
Cl +I groups CH3
-I groups
+I groups
12. B
1 1 1
2 2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4
C1 C2 Bond has double Bond in two structure so short Bond length

C2 C3 Bond has single Bond in 2 structure.
(B) So C1 C2 Bond is shorter than C2 C3 Bond.
GOC 8
13. (B)
O O
Longest C O Bond.
14. (B)
C2H6 > C6H6 > C2H4 > C2H2
H3C CH 3 H2C = CH2 HC CH
Pure single Partial Triple Bond

Bond double
15. B
+ I effect of o is maximum so e density maximum in ring
16. (C)
(I) (II) (III)

(4n+2)e
(40+2) = 2e
Aromatic
( all carbon show sp2 hybridization state)
17. (A)
(I) (II) (III)

4e
Anti Aromatic
18. (D) = 8e (not aromatic)

O
19. (C) N=N N N
Aromatic + opposite charge nearest

GOC 9
20. B
(B) aromatic
O
O
aromatic
Both are aromatic
21. B
Aro.
Aro.
(I) (II) (III) 7eqt. st.
+5eqt.st.
most stable
more Rotational
Aro. Aro. energy.
Aro. Anti Aro.
unstable
least Rotation energy
22. B
23. (D)
NH NH
aromatic
24. (C)
CH 3 CH3 CH3
HO HO OH HO OH
HO OH HO OH HO + OH
O OH OH
Stable carbocation
Tropylium C+
25. C
III < II < I

GOC 10
26. A
Cl
(I) (II) CH2=CHCl (III) Et3CCl (IV) PhCH2Cl (V) Ph3CCl
CH2=CH Et3C PhCH2 Ph3C

(2o) (3)+I group
(3o) R.S. more R.S.
Tropylium
Q.Aro.
(A) I > V > IV > III > II
27. B
28. C
N
(I) (II) (III) ..
O |
N
H
Its Resonating structures are Neutral & Benzene like Resonance
So, maximum aromatic character.
29. C
+
(I) CH 3COOH (II) CH 3COONa (III) CH3CONH2
O O O
CH 3C CH3C CH 3C
+
OH O Na NH2
more delocalisation less E.N. of N
O atom is more E.N. due to ve charge
R.E. order = II > III > I
30. C
O O O O
(I) (II) (III) (IV)
more resonance
so max. Resonance energy
31. B
Aromatic system has higher resonance energy than non aromatic
32. B
(due to hyper conjugation)

GOC 11
EXERCISE-2 LEVEL II
1. (a) True
Resonance is a Intramolecular process
(b) False
Resonance involves delocalisation of -electron not -electron
(c) True
Resonance involves delocatization of -electron and lone pair
(d) True
Resonance decreses potential energy of a molecular and increases the stability.
(e) False
Resonance decreases the P.E.
(f) False
Resonance is not only way to increases the stability
(g) True
Resonance is not the only way to increase molecular stability
(h) False
not always
(i) False
Canonical structure not explain all features of a molecular.
(j) True
The resonacne hybrid explains all features of a molecule.
(k) False
Resonating structure are in inaginary but Resonating hybrid are Real.
() True
(m) True
Resonance hybrid is always more stable than all canonical structures.
2. (a) Resonating structure which are equivalent having more resonance energy
(b) The structure which are aromatic they have more energy.
3. (a) If structure has more number. of -bonds then the structure will be more stable.
(b) If the structure which has complete octact of atom which is more stable
(c) Cyclic delocalization of (4n + 2) electron canonical structure is more stable than
acyclic delocalization of (4n + 2) electron.
(f) A cononical structrue which as ve charge is on more electro negative atom is more
stable in compare to ve charge is on less electronegative atom.
+
:
4. H2C N N : H2C = N = N : H2C = N = N :

(A) (B) (C)
(a) Resonance form

(b) A
(c) C
(d) A,B
(e) B,C
(f) O (zero)
(g) B because ve charge on N is more stable in compare to carbon
(h) B
because in (C) sturucture C-atom has in complete octact.
GOC 12
: :
5. (a) :N N N: and :N=N=N:
:
:
Resonance form
:
: :
(b) :N N N : and :NN=N:
It is not Resonance form due to different number of .p and B.p.
: :
: :
: :
: :
(c) :N N N: and :NN=N:

It is not resonance form due to different number of .p. and B.p.
O O
C C
:
OH H OH
6. (a) H
:
:
R.S. (1) R.S. (2)
[neutral] [Charged]
R.S. (1) > R.S. (2)
(b)
N N
:
R.S. (1) R.S. (2)

[Complete octact] [incomplete octact]
R.S. (1) > R.S. (2)
CH 2 CH2
(c)
R.S. (1) R.S. (2)
[Aromatic] [Anti Aromatic]
R.S. (1) > R.S. (2)
CH2 CH = CH O CH2 = CH CH = O
(d) R.S. (1) R.S. (2)
[incomplete octate] [complete octate]
R.S. (2) > R.S. (1)
O O
(e)
N N
| |
H H
[O has +ve charge] [N has +ve charge]
R.S.(1) R.S.(2)
R.S. (2) > R.S. (1)

GOC 13
:
CH3 CH C N: CH3 CH = C = N:
7. (a)
R.S. (1) R.S. (2)
Stability order
R.S.(2) > R.S. (1)
R.S. (2) is more stable
So its major contribution in R.H.
O O
(b) CH3 C = CH CH CH 3 CH3 C CH = CH CH 3

R.S. (1) R.S. (2)
O
CH3 C CH = CH CH 3
R.S. (3)
Stability order
R.S. (3) > R.S. (2) > R.S. (1)
O O O O
(c) CH3 C CH C CH 3 CH3 C = CH C CH 3
R.S. (1) R.S. (2)
O O
CH 3 C CH = C CH 3
R.S. (3)
Stability order
R.S. (3) = R.S. (2) > R.S. (1)
both R.S. (2) & R.S. (3) are eqt. type R.S.
(d) CH3 CH CH = CH N = O CH3 CH = CH CH NO 2

R.S. (1) R.S. (2)
O
Stability order
R.S. (2) > R.S. (1)
:
NH2 NH2
:
(e) CH3 CH2 C NH2 CH 3 CH 2 C = NH 2

R.S. (2)
R.S. (1)
NH2
:
CH3 CH2 C NH2

R.S. (3)
R.S (2) and R.S. (2)

are eqt type R.S. so
Stability order
R.S. (3) = R.S. (2) > R.S. (1)
GOC 14
8. (a) CH3 C O H and CH3 C O Na+

O O
R.S. (1) R.S. (2)
Ionic compound
R.S (2) has higher Resonance

energy because it is ionic compound and have identical R.S.
COO O
and
(b)
R.S. (1) R.S. (2)
eqt R.S.
So it has higher Resonance energy
and
(c) Isolated system Fussed system

so it has higher
Resonance energy
(d) and CH2 = CH CH = CH CH = CH 2
Aromatic Non - Aromatic
OCO and HCO

9. (a) O O
More Resonance Less Resonance
and CH2 = CH CH 2
(b) Anti Non -Aro
Aro
(c) and CH2 = CH CH = CH2

Anti
Aro
(d) and CH2 = CH CH 2
Aro Non -Aro

GOC 15
OH
10. (a) and
Fries Rule : - More will be the benzoid like structure more will be the Reso. energy
(b) and
2- benzene 1- benzene
O O
(c) and
Cross Extended
conjugation conjugation
(d) CH2 = CH OH and CH2 = CH CH = CH OH

less Reso. more Reso.
(e) and
Cross Extended
Conjugation Conjugation
11. HN=C=O
HOC N
H H
N=C=O
OC N
O=C=N same anion
12. (A)
Br
Quasi aromatic so more ease ionisation.
Cl
2SbCl5
+2 2SbCl 5
13. (B)
Cl
GOC 16
H K
14. (B)
H
+
Bu Li P
Base
abstract the H
CH3 CH3
15. (1) (2)
CH3 CH3
PhLi
Strong Base
CH3 CH3
CH2 CH2
Aromatic Antiaromatic
So phLi reacts readily with 1 But does not add to 2
Br
16. (I)
Bridge headed
carbon +ve charge
unstable
Br
+ve charge
stablize by
resonance
(II)
Br Quasi
(III)
Aromatic

GOC 17
Br
(IV) 3o carbocation
III > II > IV > I

Q.A. Reso. 3
17.
HClO 4
ClO4
|| |
O OH
|
O
18.
AgClO4
Cl ClO4
Ag ClO4
19. Aromatic compounds are
..
N O
..
|
(A) (B) (D)
N
N
6e 6e 6e
H H O O
KH HBr
20. (A) (B)
+ H
Aromatic 6e- Aromatic 6e-
H H
H I
(C)
Tropylium
(Aromatic)
GOC 18
CH 3
CH3C
21. (i) (a) CH CH (b) CH CH CH (c)
3 2 3 2 3
CH3
3H 6H 9H
(ii) (a) (b) (c)
(iii) (a) (b) (c)

7 H
(iv) (b) CHCHCH

3 3 (c)
H
(v) (a) (b) (c)
(vi) (a) (b) (c)
CH3
(vii) (b) CH3CHCH3 (c) CH 3 C

CH3
more E.N has -ve 2 Anion 3Anion
charge is more
stable
(viii) (a) (b) (c)

1 Anion 2 Anion 3 Anion
(ix) (a) (b) (c)

1Anion 3Anion 2Anion
(x) (a) more will be the (b)

angle strain less
will be the stability
GOC 19
(c) (d)
It stable
In chair
on boat form
(xi) (a) (b) CH 2=CH (c) CH3CH2
more E.N have the -ve charge then It will more stable then less E.N. have -ve charge
(xii) HC C (b) CH 2=CH (c) CH 3=CH2
more E.N. have free Radical then It will less stable In compare to free Radical on less E.N.
CH2 CH2
CH 2
22. (i) (a) (b) (c)

N
O OMe
O
M, I +M, I
CH2
CH 2 CH2
CH 2
(ii) (b) N (c) (d)

Cl O O CN
I M, I M, I
NO2 shows more I effect from CN
CH 2
CH2 CH2
OH
(iii) (a) (b) (c)
OH OH
+M, I I
+M
CH2
CH 2
(iv) (a) (b)

Cl
F Cl shows vacant
d-orbital
(v) (a) CH2CH=O (b) CH2CH 3

Reso
GOC 20
O O O
(vi) (a) (b) (c) not shows

both side Single side
reso.
Resonance Reso.
CH2 CHCH
2 2
(vii) (a) (b) (c) charge is not

whole compound hyper distributed It is
Shows Reso. Conjugation delocalized
SP carbon
2
SP2carbon
(viii) (b) (c)

whole compound
Shows Reso. 3
SP carbon SP 2carbon
(ix) (a) whole compound (b) whole compound do

Shows Reso. not shows Res.
(x) (a) hyper- (b)

Conjugation Reso.
(c) (d) charge is not

more distributed
Reso It is localized
(xi) (b) (c)
CH2
CH2
CH2 H
C H
H
H C H
H
(xii) (a) H (b) C H (c)
Reso
Reso Reso +I
+I H
+hyper hyper
conjugation

GOC 21
CH 2 CH 2 CH2
(xiii) (b) (c) (d)

CH3 CHMe 2 CMe3
23. (a) CH3 CH Br and CH3 CH2 Cl

here Cl atom is more
E.N. in compare to Br
:
(b) CH3 CH = CH Br : and CH3 CH CH 3

:
: Br :
Reso. :
O
(c) C
and CH3 CH2 Cl
: :
CH3 Cl
Reso.
CH2 = CH CH = CH2 and CH2= CH 2 CH2 CH2

(d)
Resonance No Resonance
CH 3
(e) and
CH2 CH3 C2H5
24. (a) and CH2 = CH2
(b) CH 3 C CH and HC CH
(c) CH2 = CH CH = CH 2 CH2 = CH CH = CH2

C C
and
CH2 CH2
Single Side Reso. Both Side Reso.
GOC 22
O O
(d) C and C
:
:
H2N NH2 CH3 NH2
Both Side Reso. Single Side Reso.
O O
(e) C and C
:
Cl Cl CH 3 Cl :
:
O O
(f) C and C
:
:
:
HN
2
NH 2 H NH2

so more Single more double character
character
25.
:
H2N H2N H2N
(i) (ii) (iii)

O atom is more E.N. atom so this compound have double bond character.
NO2
5
1 3
26.
O2N NO2
Br
Br is Bulky So NO2 group goes out of plane So C1 N & C3 N Bond are of same length &
longer than C5 N Bond.
CH3 CH3
or or
27. (a) (b)
(c) or

GOC 23
28. A + 3H2 Pd / c

B D
if reduction of A ring then all ring will be Aromatic
29. (I) (A) (B)

long Reso
(D)
1
HOH
stability of isomeric Alkene
(II)
(A)
Reso
(C)
CH3 CH3 O
(b) CH3 and CH3 (C) and
Reso
1 1
HOH HOH
stability of isomeric Alkene stability of isomeric Alkene
CH3 H CH3
CH3
C=C C=C
(d) H CH 3 and H H
Trans-form cis-form
1
HOH
CH 3 CH3
(e) CH2=CH CH and CH 2 = C
CH 3 CH 2 CH3
1
HOH
GOC 24
30. (A) (i) (ii)
9t has not any 2 bond are in

conjugative system conjugation
(iii) (iv)
here 3 bond are in Aromatic

conjugation
(B) (i) (ii)
It has not any conjugative 2 bond are in conjugation

system
(iii)
3-bond are in conjugative
31.
(a) and (b) and

not Reso Reso
1
HOH HOH num of bond
(C) CH3CH=CHCH3 and CH3CH2CH=CH2
6n 2H
1
HOH
CH 2
(d) CH 3 and
1
HOH
32.
HOC number of Carbon in hydrocarbon
1
HOC
Stability of isomeric Alkene
(a) CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH = CH2

2H
(b) CH3 CH CH 2 C = CH2

CH3 CH 3

GOC 25
(c) CH 3 C = CH CH CH3
CH3 CH3
CH3
(d) CH 3 C HC = CH CH3
CH3
CH3 CH3
(e) CH3C C = C CH3

CH3 H
8-Carbon
33. (i) (a) (b)

Reso
Not Shows Reso.
(ii) (a) (b) (c) less (d)

repulsion repulsion
(iii) (a) (b) (c)
(d) (e)
(iv) (a) (b) (c) because of more [b>c>a]

Reso. Its losses
the energy
(v) (a) (b) (c)
(vi) (a) (b)
GOC 26
(c) (HOH per benzeue

ring)
more Reso
more Energy loss
e HoH
loss
(vii) (a) (b)

Resonance hyper conjugation
(viii) (a) (b)

Reso. hyper conjugation
1
HOH
stability of isormeric Alkenes
34. (i) (a) (b) (c)

6-carbon 7-carbon
8-carbon
HOC num of Carbon in Hydrocarbon
(ii) (a) (b) (c) (d)
more repulsion
(iii) (a) (b) less

repulsion
1
HOH
stability of isormeric Alkenes
(iv) (a) (b) (c)

3-Carbon
4-carbon 5-carbon
a
HCH2
d
HCHCHCCH3
c b
He H H
35.
CH2
f H
1
CH Bond Energy
stability of Carbon free Re dical
Stability order of
Carbon free Radical .. d>f>b>c>a>e
There fore C H Bond energy .. d<f<b<c<a<e
GOC 27
36. Anthracene is 14 e s system

i.e. there are 7 bonds
Expected (theoritical) heat of hydrogenation
= 28.6 * 7 = 200.2 Kcal/mol
Observed (experimental) heat of hydrogenation = 116.2
R.E = obseved value Expected value
= 116.2 (200.2)
= 84 Kcal/mol
37. (I) C6H5 OH (II) F OH (III) Cl OH (iv) O2N OH

+M > I I > M M
IV > III > II > I
38. (A) (b) (c) (d) CH2 CH CH3
The conjugate base of compound (b) is most stable due to aromaticity (i.e. )

CH3 CH3
OH H3C OH H3C OH OH
39. (A) (B) (C) (D)
CH 3 H3C NO2 H3C
O2N
NO2 I CH3 M NO2
I I
Maximum acidity (C). Ans. (C)
COOH COOH
COOH COOH
OH
40. (A) (B) (C) (D) (ortho effect)
OH
OH +I
+M
(most acidic)
Compound (B) is less acidic due to (+M) effect of OH group because it is present on pera
position.
OH OH HO OH
OH
41. (I) (II) (III)
O O O O
O O

O O O

O O

O

O
O
O
O

O
4 eq. Aromatic R.S. Non aromatic
1
acidity Pk acidity (ka) order = I > II > III
a
Pka order = III > II > I
GOC 28
42. (1) Phenol (2) Ethyl alcohol (3) Formic acid (4) Benzoic acid
OH COOH
H C OH
C2H5OH
O
1 1
pH
acidity stability of conjugate Base
Stability of conjugate base = C2H5O > C6H5O > C6H5COO > HCOO
43. Compound which are stronger acid than H2CO3 gives CO2 with NaHCO3.
Compound (A), (B), (C), (D) all are stronger acid than H2CO3.
44. (A)
(R) Aromatic Compound
(B)
(S) Anti Aromatic Compound
:NH
(C)
(R) Aromatic Compound
:
N
H
H
N
:
(D) (R) Aromatic Compound
(P) Hybrid state of each atom sp2

45. (A)
(T) Obeys huckel's Rule
(P) Hybrid state of each atom is sp2

(B)
(S) Non - Aromatic
sp3 carbon
(C) (S) Non - Aromatic
2
(P) Hybrid state of each atom sp
(D) (Q) Anti Aromatic

GOC 29
(P) Non - Aromatic
:
46. (A) NH
(R) Resonance
(P) Non - Aromatic

(B)
(R) Resonance
(P) Resonace
(C)
: :
O (R) Aromatic
(P) Non - Aromatic

(D)
(R) Resonance
: :
47. (A) CH3 O CH2 or CH3 NH CH2

O atom is more E.N. atom form N -atom so O-atom can not denote the l.P easily from N-
atom in Resonance so
(Q) Second is more stable than first
(R) Not Resonating structure of each other
(S) Resonance is present in both carbocation
:
(B) CH 3 O CH2 CH2 or CH3 O CH2

:
(Q) Second is more stable than first

(C) or
Reso. (SIR effect)

(P) First is more stable than second
CH2CH3 CHCH3
(D) or
Reso.
(P) First is more stable than second
(R) Not resonating structure of each other.
GOC 30
EXERCISE-3 SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1.
(i) (a) H F (b) H Cl (c) H Br (d) H I
Cl
F Br - I
In group we see the size factor more the size, more stable the anion, more the acidity.
d > c > b > a (acidic strength)
CH4 NH3 H2O HF

H + H+ H+ H +
(ii) (a) (b) (c) (d)
CH3 NH2 OH F
In period we see the E.N. factor more the electron negativity, more stable the anion, more
the acidity.

E.N. order F > OH > NH2 > CH3
Acidity order = d > c > b > a
(iii) (a) CH3 CH2 O H (b) CH 3 CH O H
CH3
+I CH3 CH2 O
More stable CH 3 CH O
CH3
2(+I) effect
CH3
(c) CH 3 C O H
CH3
CH3
CH3 C O
CH3
Three + I group less stable
(acidic strength) a>b>c
(iv) (a) F CH2 CH2 O H F CH2 CH2 O

(b) NO2 CH2 CH2 O H NO2 CH2 CH2 O
(c) Br CH2 CH2 O H Br CH2 CH2 O

(d) N H3 CH2 CH2 O H N H3 CH2 CH2 O

I order = N H3 > NO2 > F > Br
acidic strength = d > b > a > c
2. (i) (a) CH3 COOH H+ CH3 = C O

||
O
H+
(b) CH3 CH2 OH +I CH3 CH2 O

GOC 31

O
(c) C6H5OH H+ C6H5 O

(Phenoxide ion)
O
O O
S
(d) C6H5SO3
[I order C R > Ph]
O
(More the resonating structures, more the stability)
d>a>c>b
COOH COOH COOH

(ii) (a) (b) (c)
H+ H+ H+

CO
C O CO
O
3 O 2 O sp
sp sp (more-I)
Stability = C > b > a
acidity = c > b > a
CH2 COOH
CH2 COOH
COOH
COOH H+
CH2
COOH COOH
H+ H+
COO
CH2 C O
(iii) (a) (b) (c)
COO
CH2 O
COO CH2 C O

COO
O
[a > b > c]
O O
3. (a) Cl CH2 C O H H+ Cl CH 2 C O - (one -I group)
O O
(b) Cl CH2 C O H H+
Cl CH2 C O (two -I grop)
Cl Cl
Cl O
Cl O
Cl C C O H H+
(c) Cl C C O (Three I groups)
Cl
Cl
(most stable)
Ans. c>b>a
GOC 32
O O
(ii) (a) CH 3 CH 2 CH C O H H+ CH3 CH2 CH C O
F F
(b) CH 3 CH CH2 C O H H+ CH3 CH CH2 C O
F O F O
O
(c) CH2 CH2 CH2 C O H H+ CH2 CH2 CH2 C O
F F O
In this type of case are see "DNP" rule.
Distance Power
Number
Acidic strength = a > b > c
O O
(iii) (a) H+ NO2 CH2 C O
NO2 CH2 C O H O
O O
(b) F CH2 C O H H+ O
F CH2 C O
O O
(c) H+
Ph CH 2 C O H Ph CH2 C O
O
O O
(d) CH3 CH2 C OH H+ CH3 CH 2 C O
Acidic Strength : a > b > c > d
:
:
:
4. (i) (a) :OH (b) :OH (c) :OH
NO2 Cl CH 3
(strongel acid)

O O O
NO2 Cl CH 3
I I +I
(most stable
conjugate base)
Acidic strength = a > b > c
:
:OH
:
:
:O H :O
(ii) (a) Cl (b) (c)

Cl Cl
Inductive effect by distance decreases.
Acidity order a > b > c

GOC 33
:
:O H
:
:
:OH :O H :O H
(iii) (a) (b) (c) (d)
H+ H+ H+ H+

O

O O O
CH3
CH 3
stability of Conjugate base : d > b > c > a
acidity order : d > b > c > a
:
:O H
:
:OH :
:O H
:
P :O H
N
5. (i) (a) O (b) O (I) (c) (d)
N N
(M) Hydrogen Bonding O O
O
(M)
Acidity order = c > a > b > d
:
:
:
:O H :O H :O H :OH
O
N NO2 O2N NO2
O
(ii) (a) (b) (c) (d)
NO2 HBonding NO2 NO2
M (M) I I
Acidity order = d > c > a > b
O
O
COH
COH
CH3
H+
O H+
6. (i) (a)
(b) O
CO
CO
CH 3
Due to ortho effect

COOH goes out of plane
b>a So max. acidity
COOH COOH
Cl Br
(ii) (a) (b) Br is more bulky then Cl ortho effect b > a
GOC 34
O
.. O O
CO
.. H ..
CO
.. H COH
..
O
.. Me
..
:O
.. Me O
.. Me
O O O
(iii) (a) (b) CO
(c) CO

CO
O Me
O Me
+I Ortho effect max. acidity
O Me
(+M)
Acidity order c > b > a
O O O
COH COH C OH
NO2
(iv) (a) (b) (c)
NO2
I Ortho effect
N
O O
M
I
Acidity order = c > a > b
OH OH OH OH
7. (i) (a) (b) (c) (d)
CH3 NO2 Cl NH2

M
I
Strongest acid (b)
OH
OH OH OH
(ii) (a) (b) (c) (d)

NO2
F CH 3
I is more
So maximum acidity of a.
OH OH OH OH
O Me
(iii)(a) (b) (c) (d)
+M O Me
O Me
I
M
acidity with drawing tendency of group.
so (b) max. acidity.

GOC 35
8. (i) Cysteine :
COOH
HS
NH2
1
Acidity
Pk a
Acidity order = COO > S > NH
10.8 8.3 1.8
(ii) glutomic acid : HOOC COOH
1
2
NH2
acidity : COOH > NH2
..
acidity of COOH (2) > COOH (1) due to I effect to NH2
order of acidity : COOH (2) > COOH (1) > NH2
order of Pka : NH2 > COOH (1) > COOH (2)
OH OH COOH
9. (a) , , cyclohexane carboxilic acid
acidity stablity of CB
COOH OH OH
acidity = > >
Pka order = 3 < 2 < 1
(b) 1 - butyne, 1-butenen, butane

4 3 2 1 CH3 CH2 CH CH2
CH3 CH2 C CH CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3
2 3
sp sp sp
acidity order = 1 > 2 > 3
Pka order = 1 < 2 < 3
(c) Prophanoic acid, 3-Bromo propanoic acid 2-nitro propanoic acid

3 3 1 2 1
C C C OH C C C OH
C C C OH
Br O NO2
O
I (I)
acidity 3 > 2 > 1 3<2 <1
(d) Phenol, O-nitrophenol, O-cresol
GOC 36
OH OH OH
NO2 CH3
M +I
I +H

PKa order = 2 < 1 < 3
(e) Hexylamine, aniline, Methyl amine
NH 2 (3)

CH3 NH2 CH3 NH

H NH
(2)
H
(1) CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 NH2

CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 NH
acidity stability of conjugate Base
stability order = 2 > 3 > 1
Pka = 2 < 3 < 1
O
10. (a) CH3 CH2 Br & CH3 NO2 (b) CH3 C CH3 (C) CH3 CHO
+I
(1) CH3 CH Br & CH3 C CH2 CN CH3 NO2
O
O

(2) CH2 NO2 (1) (1) CH 2CH
CH2 C CH3
I ||
O

(2) is stronger acid (2) CH 3CCHCN (2) CH NO
2 2
|| I
O
(2) > (1) (2) > (1) (2) > (1)
OH
OH
11. (a) as (2) acidity M effect

O = C CH3

GOC 37
So (2) is weaked acid
OH
OH
(b) as (2)
O = C CH3
CH3
M +H
So (2) is weaker acid

SH OH S O S O
(c) or Stability of C.B. = .>
Acidity stability of C.B.

O
So is weaker acid
O O
COOH or
|| O
+ ||
N C OH
O
12. (a)
COO
O2N COO
M
acidity M effect
so (2) is more acidic
(b) CH3 CH2 CH2 OH or CH3 CH = CH OH
|
CH3 CH2 CH2 O CH3 CH = CH O
Showing Resonance so
more acidic
So (2) is stronger acid
(c) CH3 CH = CH CH2 OH or CH3 CH = CH OH

CH3 CH = CH CH2 O (2) CH3 CH = CH O
Show Resonance
so more acidic
so (2) is stronger acid
GOC 38
1
13 (i) Basicity Stability of anion
Stability order F < Cl < Br < I (size)

Basicity order F > Cl > Br > I
(ii) Stability order CH3 NH2 OH F (E.N.)
Basicity order CH3 NH2 OH F
.. .. ..
(iii) R NH2 Pn NH 2 R C NH2
.p. localised .p. delocalised
(more basic) (weak base) O
.p. more delocalised
(least base)
basicity order a > b > c
(iv) In gas phase basicity (+I) effect.
Basicity order
NH3 < Me NH 3 < Me NH Me < Me N Me
+I +I +I +I +I
Me
+I
(v) In H2O, 3-amine is less basic than 1-amine due to less solvation.
Basicity order : 2amine > 1amine > 3amine > NH3
O
14. (i) .. ..
NH NH N
Me
.p. localised
.. .p. delocalised
NH2 ..
NH2
NH
..
(ii)
.p. localised
(2 amine)
1amine
Basicity c > a > b

.. .. ..
N N N
(iii)
O2N Me F
Strong-I +I-effect Weak I effect
1
Basicity
(I) effect
(+I) effect
Basicity b > c > a

GOC 39
.. ..
NH2 NH2
+
(iv) (a) NH3 (b) Cl
Strong-I-effect
+
of Weak I effect of
NH3, least basic Cl, less basic
.. ..
NH2 NH2
(c) CH3 (d) No effect of any group.

+I effect of CH 3, Weaker than C, but stronger
most basic than a & b compound.
.. .. ..
15. (i) (a) CH3 CH2 NH2 (b) CH3 CH = NH (c) CH3 C N
sp3 sp2 sp
Least electronegative. most electronegative
most basic least basic.
order a > b > c
.. ..
(ii) (a) CH3 C NH2 (b) CH3CH2 NH2
O Lone pair localised
least basic, l.p. of
nitrogen is delocalised.
.. .. ..
(c) CH 3 C NH 2 (d) NH 2 C NH 2
NH
.. NH
More basic due to Most basic, due to more
delocalisation of only delocalisation of l.p.
one l.p.
Basicity order d > c > b > a
(iii) (a) (b) (c)

NH
.. N
..
NH
.. 2
* Compound 'a' is least basic, because l.p. of Nitrogen will more take participate in
resonance due to aromaticity.
* Compound 'b' is most basic, because its l.p. is localised.
* Compound 'c' is more basic than 'b' because its l.p. is delocalised.
b > c > a.
GOC 40
O
..
NH C CH 3
(iv) l.p. of nitrogen is in conjugation with benzene as well as C CH 3 , least

O
basic.
..
NH2
l.p. of nitrogen is in conjugation only with benzene. it is more basic than compound
'a'.
..
NH CH 2CH3
due to extra +I effect of CH2CH3 group, compound 'c' is most basic than a
& b.
order c > b > a
NH2 NH2
CH3 CH 3
(v) b>a
Me Me
No2 NO2
Compound a is least basic than b, due to ortho effect of two CH3 group.
NH2 NH2 NH2 NH2
16 (i)
NO2 CN OMe NH2

M M +M +M
Order of M NO2 > CN
Order of +M NH2 > OMe
1
Basicity +M
M
Basicity order d > c > b > a increasing order.
NH2 Ortho effect NH2 NH2

CH3
(ii)
CH3
+I
CH3 +H
Compound C is most basic due to +H effect of CH3 group. But compound a is least basic
due to ortho effect of CH3 group.
Basicity order c > b > a
GOC 41
NH2 NH2
NH2 Ortho effect
NO2
(iii) (a) (b) (c)
NO2
+I
NO2
M
Basicity order b > a > c.
NH2 NH2 NH2 Me

CH3 C Me
(iv)
Me
Ortho effect, Greater ortho effect,
less basic least basic.
Order a > b > c
Me Me
N Me Me
N Me Me
N
SIR
OMe
(v)
OMe
+M OMe I
Basicity order c > a > b
17. (i) (a) (b) ..

.. N
N2
sp H
2
sp & delocalisation of l.p.
S
(c) (d) d is strongest base
N N
2 3
H sp H sp
In compound 'd', hybridisation of N is sp3. i.e. less electronegative and I effect of S is less.
(ii)[b] In compound b, N atom is sp3 hybridised, and l.p. of nitrogen is localised.

(iii) Compound a is most basic because charge density on double bonded nitrogen is very high
due to resonance.
(iv) In compound a, the e charge density is very high due to ve charge.
1
18. (i) Basicity
E.N. of anion
Order of E.N.
CH3CH2 < CH2 = CH < HC C < CH3CH2O
(b) (a) (d) (c)
Decreasing order of basicity b > a > d > c.
GOC 42
.. ..
(ii) (a) NH 2 (b) CH 2 NH2
l.p. is in conjugation
l.p. localised, most basic
only with benzene ring.
..
(c) NH2 (d) C NH2
O
NO2
Ortho effect l.p. is in conjugation with
C group. Which is most
O
with drawing.
Decreasing order of basicity : b > a > c > d
O CH3 CH3
Nb
H2N C H2C CH2 NH C CH 3
c
NH
19. a
N
CH3 d CH3
a is most basic due to high charge density.

b is more basic than d and c due to ortho effect.
c is least basic because l.p. of nitrogen is conjugated with C group..
O
Order : a > b > d > c
NH2 NH2 NH2

NO2
20.
NO2
I II
least basic due I NO2
M
to ortho effect III
II > III > I
NH2 NH2 NH2 NH2
21. (I) (II) (III) (IV)
NO2 OCH3 CH3

M +M +H
Order : III > IV > I > II

GOC 43
22.
..
N
H
This lone pair very much delocalised because of getting Aromaticity so do not donate lone
pair so it is least basic.
23. (a)(I) CH3NH2 or (II) CF3NH2

F
.. ..
CH3 NH2 F C NH2
+I F I
have more tendensity
to donate the pair of e.
NH
(b) CH3CONH2 or
H2N NH2
In aquous solution 2 are more basic because of solvation energy.
2>1
(c) n-Pr NH2 or CH3CN
.. ..
CH3 CH2 CH2 NH2 CH3 C N
3
sp 'N' sp Nitrogen
1>2 more E.N weak basic
(d) C6H5N (CH3)2 or 2,6-di methyl-N, N-dimethyl aniline.

H 3C Goes out of plane
.. CH3
H3C CH 3 N So more basic
N H3C CH3
Ortho effect
So 2 > 1
(e) m-Nitro aniline or p-nitro aniline
.. ..
NH2 NH2
NO2
I NO2
M
So more basic 1>2
24.
(a) p-methoxy aniline or p-cyano aniline
NH 2
NH2
OCH3
+M CN
So more basic 1 > 2 M
GOC 44
(b) Puridine or Pyrrole
..
N
.. N Delocalised lone pair 1>2
Localised lone pair H so least basic.
..
(c) CH3C N or CH3CH2 NH2

sp nitrogen so less basic sp3 Nitrogen 2>1
..
25. (a) H2O or H3O+
(2) +ve charged spcie is weak base.
(b) H2S, SH, S2
(1) Neutral so weak base More ve charge more donating tendency.
(c) Cl, SH
(1) S Cl E.N. size small
More sable
less basic
(d) F OH NH2 CH3
CH3 NH2 OH F
Size
(1) F So more stable less basic

.. .. ..
(e) HF.. , H2O , NH3
..
(1) 'F' more electronegative so do not donate the pair of e so less basic.
(f)
OH SH SeH
Big size
(3) ve charge stable, So weak base.
1
Basicity
Stability
.. ..
NH2 NH2
26. (a) or
NO2
M so more tendency to
donate the pair of e of NH2
in the ring. So weak base

(b) CH2 = CH CH = CH CH2 or CH2 = CH CH2
long resonance
Sove charge delocalised
So weak base
O O O O
(c) O C C OH or HO C C OH
Anions are more Basic than Neutral.
So (2) is a weak base.
.. ..
OH OH
CH 3 CF3
+I I
or
Strong Base Weak Base
GOC 45
.. .. .. ..
NH2 NH2 NH2 NH 2
CH3 NO2
27. (a) (i) (ii) (iii) M (iv)
Ortho effect Localised l.p. of N

3<2<1<4
NH2 NH2 ..
NH2 CH2 NH2
CH3
(b) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
CH 3
Ortho effect +I CH3
+H
1<2<3<4

28.
(a) (i) OH (ii) CH3COO
(iii) Cl

>
Stability Cl
CH3COO > OH

Basicity order : OH > CH3COO > Cl
1 2 3
(b) (i) CH C (ii) CH2 = CH (iii) CH3CH2
Stability = (i) > (ii) > (iii)
Basicity = (i) < (ii) < (iii)
2
sp ..
(c) (i) CH 2 = CH CH2 NH 2
3
sp ..
(ii) CH 3 CH2 CH2 NH 2
..
(iii) CH C CH 2 NH 2
sp
Basic strength : 3 < 1 < 2
..
NH C6H5
NH2 NH2
29. (a) (i) (ii) (iii)

More resonance
More delocalised
so least basic
(ii) < (i) < (iii)
NH 2 NH 2 NH 2
Cl
(b) (i) (ii) (iii)
Cl
Ortho effect More I Cl
Less I
1 <2<3
GOC 46
NH2 NH2 NH2

(c) (ii) (iii)
H3C O2N
+I +M
2>1>3
30. (a) CH3NH2 (Neutral), CH3+NH3 (+ve charged), CH3NH (ve charged)
2<1<3
(b) CH3O, CH3NH, CH3CH2
More E.N. more stable 1 < 2 < 3

(c) CH3CH = CH , CH3CH 2CH 2 , CH 3 C C
2 3
sp sp sp
Stability = 3 > 1 > 2
Basicity order = 3 < 1 < 2
.. H
NH2 NH2 N
31. (a)
More resonance
2>1>3 least basic
H
N
..
NH N:
(b)
Localised l.p.
l.p. Delocalised
1>2>3
..
HN N NH NH
(c)
Participate in
resonance so
least basic
6
5 7
5 N 5
4 6
4
N1
8
32. N N N :N H N 4 2
1 9
3 1 3 N
2 3
2 H
Pyrimidine Purine
Imidazole
Localised lone pair
Protonation takes Three basic 'N'
of N, 6e ,aromatic
place on N1 N1, N3, N7
+
1 N NH
3
2
6e
aromatic
So (A), (C) & (D) are aromatic.

GOC 47
EXERCISE 4 LevelI [JEE MAIN]

1. A
Cl is better leaving group.
2. D
As the bulkiness increases, nucleophilicity decreases.
3. B
Lone pair of N is not in conjugation with benzene ring.
4. C
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. D
More is the resonance or -H, more will be the stability of free radical.
(CH3)2 C H < (CH3)3 C < (C6H5)2 C H < C6H5 C
9. D
Reaction with bulkier nucleophile will be slower.
10. B
e withdrawing groups increase the acidity and e donating groups decrease the acidity.
11. C
Due to less steric effect and more +I effect and effective solvation.
12. D
Nitro group decreases the e density at benzene ring.
13. B
14. B
e withdrawing groups stabilise and e donating groups destabilise the carbanions.
15. D
Correct order of increasing basic strength is
RCOO HC C NH R
16. A
17. A
18. D
19. B
Benzylic > allylic > 1 alkyl
GOC 48
20. B
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
21. C
Delocalised lone pair electrons.
(least Basic)
Order of basic strength in aqueous solution 2 > 1 >3 amine > aniline.
1
Basic strength Kb pk
b
(CH3)2NH is most basic so it has smallest pKb.

GOC 49
EXERCISE 4 LevelII [JEE ADVANCE]

1. C
SO3H
+
CH3COONa (excess)
(aq. solution)
SO3Na
Me
Me
SO3H SO3Na+
O O
+
+ CH3 C O Na + CH 3 C OH
Me Me
S. Acid S. base w. base w. Acid
2. C
l.p l. p repulsion
:
: :
H2C = CH CH CH O CH3
.. SiMe3
|
N N
3.
Me Me SiMe3 SiMe3
Me
Pyramidical Trigonal planar
Given compounds are not isostructural delocalised of l.p. of nitrogen in vacant d-orbital of
silicon makes compound planar.
4. C
Cl
C
H H
H
Vector addition of this compound is more
5. D
SO3H SO3Na
NaHCO3
+ H2CO 3 H2O + CO2
+
OH ONa
NaHCO3
+ H2CO 3 H2O + CO2
NO2
GOC 50
6. C
OH
OH OH OH
OH
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
OH
OH
Effective H-bond bonding

B.P intermolecular H-bonding which is iii > ii > i > iv
molecular mass
7. A
Repulsion
O
N
O
8. D
COOH hydrogen bonding

COOH
OH
OH
B.P. inter molecular H-bonding Intra molecular H-bonding
9. B
eg. CH3 CH = CH2
H H
H C CH = CH2 H C = CH CH 2
H
H
It means (sigma) Convert into (pie)

overlap
10. D
ct
fe
I ef
+
: :
(i) +I O O (ii)
ct
:
fe 2 carbocation
ef
: :
(iii) O O (iv) I > III > II > IV

+I effect
:
1 carbocation

GOC 51
11. A
OH OH COOH COOH
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
Cl CH3
eqt.R.S. eqt.R.S.

O O COO COO
Cl CH 3
I +H
Ph - COO is more stable than PhO III > IV > II > I
12. B
incomplete octact
(i) H2C = N = N (ii)

H2C N = N
H2C N = N
(iii) (iv) H 2C N = N
P-orbital
-ve on less E.N. atom
Resonance
I > III > II > IV
13. D
H H H H
1 2 3 4 5
H3C C C C CH3 H3C C C C CH3
:OH H CH3 :OH H CH3
:
P-orbital Reso.
14. 2
:
O:
NH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH C
: :
O:
NH2
:
:
because NH2 and COO both have lone pair (two basic qp in following compound).
15. 4
OH
OH OH OH
OH
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
OH
OH
Effective H-bond bonding
B.P intermolecular H-bonding which is iii > ii > i > iv
molecular mass
GOC 52
16. C
OH COOH COOH COOH

OH
(A) (B) (C) (D)
NO2 OH CH3
O COO COO COO

OH
NO2 OH Intramolecular
CH3
I H-Bonding
M, I
17. 6
CH 3 CH2CH 3
This compound have 6 H So It form six hyperconjugative structure.
18. B
OH OH COOH COOH
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
Cl CH3
eqt.R.S. eqt.R.S.

O O COO COO
Cl CH 3
I +H
Ph - COO is more stable than PhO III > IV > II > I
19. B
is anti aromatic.

GOC 53
20. D
21. A
vacant
p-orbital
H
CH3
C C H
CH3
H
It is p(empty) electron delocalisation.
H
H C
H
H
C C
H CH 3
It is electron delocalisation.
22. 9
O O
(1) (2)
O O
(3) (4)
O O O
(5) (6) (7)
O O
(3) (8)
O
(9)
23. A

O O O O
CO2H H H CO2H H
C C
HO OH O O OH O
+ +
(I) H (II) H
CO2H
CO2H
1
(III) (I) (IV) Acidity (I)
(M)
OH OH

6fdfd364 Ea04 4efe b561 Ddd4615fdabdGOC.p65

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GOC 1

9. (i) CH3CH2 (ii) CH2=CH2 (iii) CH2 C

Stability order iii > ii > i

394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

(C) Neutral specie is most stable.

Complete octet &

(I) (II) (III) (IV) (V)

+I of O- is maximum e- density maximum in ring.

394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

(I) (II) (III)

it is false because MeOCH2 MeO=CH2

2(I groups are here)

(I) CH3CH2 (II) (III) (III)

(D) III > IV > I > II

C1 C2 Bond has double Bond in two structure so short Bond length

H3C CH 3 H2C = CH2 HC CH

Pure single Partial Triple Bond

+ I effect of o is maximum so e density maximum in ring

(I) (II) (III)

(I) (II) (III)

18. (D) = 8e (not aromatic)

19. (C) N=N N N

Aromatic + opposite charge nearest

394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

Both are aromatic

Aro. Anti Aro.

III < II < I

(I) (II) CH2=CHCl (III) Et3CCl (IV) PhCH2Cl (V) Ph3CCl

CH2=CH Et3C PhCH2 Ph3C

394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

4. H2C N N : H2C = N = N : H2C = N = N :

(a) Resonance form

(c) :N N N: and :NN=N:

R.S. (1) > R.S. (2)

R.S. (1) R.S. (2)

R.S. (1) > R.S. (2)

R.S. (1) > R.S. (2)

R.S. (2) > R.S. (1)

394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

(b) CH3 C = CH CH CH 3 CH3 C CH = CH CH 3

(d) CH3 CH CH = CH N = O CH3 CH = CH CH NO 2

(e) CH3 CH2 C NH2 CH 3 CH 2 C = NH 2

CH3 CH2 C NH2

R.S (2) and R.S. (2)

8. (a) CH3 C O H and CH3 C O Na+

R.S (2) has higher Resonance

R.S. (1) R.S. (2)

(c) Isolated system Fussed system

(d) and CH2 = CH CH = CH CH = CH 2

Aromatic Non - Aromatic

OCO and HCO

(c) and CH2 = CH CH = CH2

(d) and CH2 = CH CH 2

Aro Non -Aro

394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

(d) CH2 = CH OH and CH2 = CH CH = CH OH

O=C=N same anion

Quasi aromatic so more ease ionisation.

15. (1) (2)

So phLi reacts readily with 1 But does not add to 2

394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

III > II > IV > I

19. Aromatic compounds are

Aromatic 6e- Aromatic 6e-