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Introduction
Basic stuff..
Call Flow Scenarios
Node-B initialization and System Information Broadcast
RRC Connection Establishment and Release
Location/Routing Area Update
Circuit Switch Call Setup and Release
Packet Switch Call Setup and Release
Handovers
Backup
Misc..
1
Introduction
UE Connection States
RNC Cell and UE Contexts
End to End Protocol Stacks (CS and PS
Domain)
Handover Scenarios
2
UE Connection States
GSM to UMTS
UTRAN RRC Connected Inter-System Handover GSM
CELL PCH URA PCH UMTS to GSM Connected
Inter-System Handover Mode
GPRS
Packet
CELL DCH CELL FACH Transfer
Mode
GPRS Packet
Camping on UTRAN Cell IDLE Idle Mode
Mode Camping on GSM/GPRS Cell
3
RNC Cell and UE Contexts
CELL #N UE #M
CELL #2 UE #2
CELL #1 UE #1
PS RAB CS RAB
RRC RRC
GTP IuUP
RLC-TM
RLC-TM
RLC-TM RLC-TM RLC-UM RLC-UM RLC-AM RLC-AM RLC-AM RLC-AM RLC-TM
MAC-d
MACc MAC-c/sh MACd
Flows
4
CS Domain End to End Protocols
Uu IuB Iu-CS
UE Node-B RNC 3G-MSC
CC CC
MM MM
Codec RRC RRC Codec
RLC RLC RANAP RANAP
MAC MAC ALCAP ALCAP
PHY-upper ALCAP ALCAP PHY-upper STC.1 SCCP SCCP STC.1
IuUP IuUP
STC.2 NBAP NBAP STC.2 MTP3-b MTP3-b
FP SSCF-UNI SSCF-UNI FP SSCF-NNI SSCF-NNI
SSCOP SSCOP SSCOP SSCOP
PHY PHY
AAL2 AAL5 AAL5 AAL2 AAL5 AAL5 AAL2
ATM ATM ATM
PHY [E1/T1/STM] PHY [E1/T1/STM] PHY [E1/T1/STM]
5
PS Domain End to End Protocols
Uu IuB Iu-PS Gn
UE Node-B RNC 3G-SGSN 3G-GGSN
SM SM
IP GMM GMM IP
PDCP RRC RRC PDCP GTP-U GTP-U GTP-C GTP-C GTP-C
RLC RLC RANAP RANAP
UDP UDP UDP
MAC MAC
PHY-upper ALCAP ALCAP PHY-upper SCCP SCCP
STC.2 NBAP NBAP STC.2 MTP3-b MTP3-b
IP IP IP
FP SSCF-UNI SSCF-UNI FP SSCF-NNI SSCF-NNI
SSCOP SSCOP SSCOP SSCOP
PHY PHY
AAL2 AAL5 AAL5 AAL2 AAL5 AAL5
L2 L2
ATM ATM ATM
PHY [E1/T1] PHY [E1/T1/STM-1] PHY [STM-1] L1 L1
6
Handover Scenarios
Core Network (CN)
UTRAN
RNS RNS
RNC RNC
UE
7
Call Flow Scenarios
Node-B initialization
RRC Connection Establishment and Release
Location/Routing Area Update
Circuit Switch Call Setup and Release
Packet Switch Call Setup and Release
Handovers
8
Node-B Initialization
UE Node-B RNC MSC
Audit Procedure
9
Node-B Initialization
Audit Procedure: Audit Required Indication Message
Description: Request the CRNC to perform an audit of the logical resources at the Node B. Node-B initiates this
procedure after the SSCOP layer is established via the exchange of BGN/BGAK PDUs.
10
Node-B Initialization
Audit Procedure: Audit Request Message
Description: RNC initiates an audit of the Node-B configuration and status of logical resources, using Audit
Request message. A complete audit of a Node B is performed by one or more Audit procedures.
Audit Request
NBAP [ Transaction ID, Start of Audit Seq Ind ] NBAP
11
Node-B Initialization
Audit Procedure: Audit Response Message
Description: Node-B sends Audit response to RNC, with its current configuration and status of logical resources,
using Audit Response message.
Audit Request
NBAP [ Transaction ID, Start of Audit Seq Ind ] NBAP
Audit Response
NBAP [ End of Audit Seq Ind, Local Resource Info ] NBAP
12
Node-B Initialization
Cell Setup Procedure: Resource Status Indication Message
Description: Node-B sends resource indication message to indicate availability or un-availability of local resource
(e.g. Local Cell, etc), or change in capability, operational state, etc of resource.
Audit Procedure
13
Node-B Initialization
Cell Setup Procedure: Cell Setup Request Message
Description: RNC initiates Cell Configuration/Setup, which will use resources in Node-B identified by Local Cell
ID, received in Resource Status Indication message.
Audit Procedure
Audit Procedure
15
Node-B Initialization
Cell Setup Procedure: Block Resource Request Message
Description: Node-B request RNC to block (prohibit use of!!) new configured cell until system information (MIB,
SIBs, etc) are updated and broadcast on BCH (i.e. PCCPCH).
Audit Procedure
Audit Procedure
17
Node-B Initialization
System Info Update Procedure: System Info Update Request Message
Description: RNC sends System Information, Scheduling Information, System Information Update time, etc of
respective configured cell to Node-B using series of System Information Update Request message.
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
19
Node-B Initialization
System Info Update Procedure: RRC System Information Message
Description: Node-B store and process received system information; and schedules transmission of each
segment according to scheduling information, on BCCH: BCH: PCCPCH, in Cell.
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
20
Node-B Initialization
Common TrCH Setup Procedure: Common TrCH Setup Request Message
Description: RNC use this procedure to setup Common transport channel(s), along with associated physical
channels, on which they are mapped, in Node-B. (e.g. One PRACH, AICH, RACH in single message!!.)
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH Setup Request
NBAP [PRACH, AICH, RACH] NBAP
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH Setup Request
NBAP [PRACH, AICH, RACH] NBAP
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH Setup Request
NBAP [PRACH, AICH, RACH] NBAP
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH Setup Request
NBAP [PRACH, AICH, RACH] NBAP
24
Node-B Initialization
Common TrCH Setup Procedure: Common TrCH Setup Request Message
Description: RNC use this procedure to setup Common transport channel(s), along with associated physical
channels, on which they are mapped, in Node-B. (e.g. One SCCPCH, PICH, PCH, FACH(s) in single message!!.)
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
Common TrCH Setup Request
NBAP [ SCCPCH, PCH+PICH, FACH(s) ] NBAP
25
Node-B Initialization
Common TrCH Setup Procedure: Common TrCH Setup Response Message
Description: Node B configure and activate indicated SCCPCH, PICH, associated PCH and FACH(s) transport
channel, and sends successful response to RNC (with TLA and Binding ID for PCH, FACH IuB AAL2 Bearer!!).
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
Common TrCH Setup Request
NBAP [ SCCPCH, PCH+PICH, FACH(s) ] NBAP
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
Common TrCH Setup Request
NBAP [ SCCPCH, PCH+PICH, FACH(s) ] NBAP
ALCAP ERQ
ALCAP ALCAP For PCH & FACH(s) bearers
[OSAID,DSAID,SUGR,AAL2 Address]
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
Common TrCH Setup Request
NBAP [ SCCPCH, PCH+PICH, FACH(s) ] NBAP
28
Node-B Initialization
Common TrCH Setup Procedure: FP DL Synchronization Frame
Description: After successful establishment of AAL2 bearer, at RNC, PCH and FACH(s) FPs initiates L2
synchronization by sending DL synchronization control frame with current CFN.
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
Common TrCH Setup Request
NBAP [ SCCPCH, PCH+PICH, FACH(s) ] NBAP
29
Node-B Initialization
Common TrCH Setup Procedure: FP UL Synchronization Frame
Description: Node-B RACH FP verifies relationship of SFN with received CFN, and respond back with UL
synchronization control frame, containing Time of Arrival [ToA - required timing adjustment!!] information.
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
Common TrCH Setup Request
NBAP [ SCCPCH, PCH+PICH, FACH(s) ] NBAP
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
32
Node-B Initialization
System Info Update Procedure: System Info Update Request Message
Description: Node-B sends resource indication message to indicate that it has successfully change cell capacity
and communication control port operational state (and ready to unblock cell!!)
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
34
Node-B Initialization
System Info Update Procedure: System Info Update Request Message
Description: After successful unblocking cell resource, RNC sends updated SIB3 System Information (with cell
status as unbarred!!) to Node-B.
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
36
Node-B Initialization
Node-B initialization with operational Cell Context!!..
Audit Procedure
Cell Setup Procedure
System Information Update
Common TrCH(PRACH, AICH, RACH) Setup
37
RRC Connection Management
UE Node-B RNC MSC
UE Context Setup
UE Context Cleanup
38
RRC Connection Management
Random Access Procedure: System Information Broadcast
Description: Node-B transmits system information blocks according to scheduling information, on BCCH: BCH:
PCCPCH, in Cell. UE acquires system information blocks required for initial access in idle mode.
39
RRC Connection Management
Random Access Procedure: Physical Layer Access attempts
Description: UE use cell system information to determine common physical channel configuration, initial power,
etc.. It use received PCPICH power, calculates initial uplink power (open loop!!) and initiate access to network.
Preamble
PHY
Wait for AICH response,
No response, Step-up power!!
Retransmit Preamble
Preamble
PHY
Wait for AICH response,
No response, Step-up power!!
Retransmit Preamble
Preamble
PHY PHY
40
RRC Connection Management
Random Access Procedure: Physical Layer Access detection
Description: UE use cell system information to determine common physical channel configuration, initial power,
etc.. It use received PCPICH power, calculates initial uplink power (open loop!!) and initiate access to network.
Preamble
PHY
Wait for AICH response,
No response, Step-up power!!
Retransmit Preamble
Preamble
PHY
Wait for AICH response,
No response, Step-up power!!
Retransmit Preamble
Preamble
PHY PHY
Access Indication
PHY PHY
41
RRC Connection Management
Initial Access Request: RRC Connection Request Message
Description: On successful physical layer access detection, UE transmits RRC Connection Request message to
network on RACH : PRACH.
DL Synchronization
FP [ CFN ] FP
UL Synchronization
FP [ CFN, ToA ] FP
50
RRC Connection Management
UE Context Cleanup: NBAP Radio Link Deletion Request Message
Description: On reception of RRC Connection Release Complete message, RNC initiates cleanup of UE context. If
RRC Connection in Cell DCH state, initiate Radio Link Deletion Request towards Node-B.
53
RRC Connection Management
RRC Connection Established and Released!!..
54
Mobility Management Location
Update
UE Node-B RNC MSC/VLR
Iu Connection Release
RRC Connection Release
UE Context Cleanup
55
Mobility Management Location
Signalling Connection Establishment: RRC Initial Direct Transfer Message
Update
Description: On successful establishment of RRC Connection, UE sends first NAS message, enclosed in RRC
Initial Direct Transfer message on DCCH.
Common ID
RANAP RANAP
[ Permanent NAS UE Identity ]
70
Mobility Management Location
Location Update Accept Procedure: RANAP Direct Transfer Message
Update
Description: Core network MM confirms location update procedure by Location Update Accept message to UE.
MSC transfers Location Update Accept, encoded NAS PDU, in RANAP Direct Transfer message to RNC.
75
Mobility Management Location
Iu Connection Release: RANAP Iu Release Complete Message
Update
Description: RNC confirms Iu signalling connection release, using RANAP Iu Release Complete message to CN. It
also initiates lower layer (SCCP) connection release, established for respective Iu signalling Connection.
Iu Release Complete
RANAP RANAP
triggers
Released
SCCP SCCP
[ SRC/DST References, Cause ]
Release Complete
SCCP SCCP
[ SRC/DST References ]
76
Mobility Management Location
RRC Connection Release: RRC Connection Release Message
Update
Description: RNC initiates RRC connection release, by sending RRC Connection Release message to UE on DCCH
(SRB1).
81
Mobility Management Location
Location Update Complete!!..
Update
UE Node-B RNC MSC
UE Context Cleanup
82
Connection Management CS Call
UE Setup and Release
Node-B RNC MSC/VLR
UE Context Cleanup
83
Connection Management CS Call
Signalling Connection Establishment: RRC Initial Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: On successful establishment of RRC Connection, UE MM sends Service Request message, encoded
NAS message, enclosed in RRC Initial Direct Transfer message on DCCH.
88
Connection Management CS Call
Call Setup Procedure: RRC Uplink Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: After service accept and security procedure, UE (CC) UE initiates Call Setup Message, encoded NAS
PDU, in RRC Uplink Direct Transfer message on DCCH (SRB-3).
Direct Transfer
RANAP RANAP
[ NAS PDU (Call Proceeding) ]
Direct Transfer
RANAP RANAP
[ NAS PDU (Call Proceeding) ]
DCCH: Downlink Direct Transfer
RRC RRC
[ Integrity Check info, CN Domain ID, NAS Message ]
104
Connection Management CS Call
Call Connect Procedure: RRC Downlink Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: RNC RRC transparently encodes received NAS PDU, in RANAP Direct Transfer message, into RRC
Downlink Direct Transfer message and send it to UE on DCCH (SRB-3).
106
Connection Management CS Call
Call Connect Procedure: RRC Downlink Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: RNC RRC transparently encodes received NAS PDU, in RANAP Direct Transfer message, into RRC
Downlink Direct Transfer message and send it to UE on DCCH (SRB-3).
107
Connection Management CS Call
Call Connect Procedure: RRC Uplink Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: On reception of Connect message, UE NAS (CC) responds it with Connect Acknowledge message,
encoded NAS PDU, in RRC Uplink Direct Transfer Message on DCCH (SRB-3).
110
Connection Management CS Call
Call Release Procedure: RRC Uplink Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: When calling user disconnects call, UE NAS (CC) initiates Disconnect Message, encoded NAS PDU, in
RRC Uplink Direct Transfer message on DCCH (SRB-3).
112
Connection Management CS Call
Call Release Procedure: RANAP Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: MSC Call Control functionality responds back to UE with Release, encoded NAS PDU, using RANAP
Direct Transfer Message towards RNC.
113
Connection Management CS Call
Call Release Procedure: RRC Downlink Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: RNC RRC transparently encodes received NAS PDU, in RANAP Direct Transfer message, into RRC
Downlink Direct Transfer message and send it to UE on DCCH (SRB-3).
117
Connection Management CS Call
Iu Connection Release Procedure: RANAP Iu Release Complete Message
Setup and Release
Description: RNC confirms Iu signalling connection release, using RANAP Iu Release Complete message to CN. It
also initiates lower layer (SCCP) connection release, established for respective Iu signalling Connection.
118
Connection Management CS Call
Iu Connection Release Procedure: ALCAP Release Request/Confirm Message
Setup and Release
Description: Iu Connection Release Procedure, also initiates release of AAL2 bearers allocated over Iu (for Voice
flow!!).
119
Connection Management CS Call
RRC Connection Release: RRC Connection Release Message
Setup and Release
Description: RNC initiates RRC connection release, by sending RRC Connection Release message to UE on DCCH
(SRB1).
124
Connection Management CS Call
CS Call Setup and Released!!
Setup and Release
Description: CS Call Setup, Connected, Voice Transferred, Released, UE back to Idle mode!!..
125
Session Management PS Session
UE Setup and Release
Node-B RNC SGSN
UE Context Cleanup
126
Session Management PS Session
Signalling Connection Establishment: RRC Initial Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: On successful establishment of RRC Connection, UE MM sends Attach Request message, encoded
NAS message, enclosed in RRC Initial Direct Transfer message on DCCH.
129
Session Management PS Session
Attach Accept Procedure: RANAP Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: Core network confirms Attach Request acceptance, using Attach Accept message to UE. SGSN
transfers Attach Accept, encoded NAS PDU, in RANAP Direct Transfer message to RNC.
147
Session Management PS Session
Session Release Procedure: RRC Uplink Direct Transfer Message
Setup and Release
Description: Either MS or n/w NAS (SM) can initiate session release!! e.g.UE NAS (SM) initiates session release
using De-activate PDP Context Request message, encoded NAS PDU, in RRC Uplink Direct Transfer message.
152
Session Management PS Session
Iu Connection Release Procedure: RANAP Iu Release Complete Message
Setup and Release
Description: RNC confirms Iu signalling connection release, using RANAP Iu Release Complete message to CN. It
also initiates lower layer (SCCP) connection release, established for respective Iu signalling Connection.
153
Session Management PS Session
RRC Connection Release: RRC Connection Release Message
Setup and Release
Description: RNC initiates RRC connection release, by sending RRC Connection Release message to UE on DCCH
(SRB1).
157
Session Management PS Session
UE Context Cleanup: ALCAP Release Request/Confirm Message
Setup and Release
Description: After RL deletion, RNC initiate AAL2 bearer release allocated for DCH data streams. RNC ALCAP
request release with Release Request message, Node-B ALCAP confirms it with Release Confirm message.
158
Session Management PS Session
PS Session Setup and Released!!
Setup and Release
Description: PS Session Established, Packet data Transferred, Session Released, UE back to Idle mode!!..
159
Thank You!!..
Mahesh Khade
(mahesh.khade@flextronicssoftware.com)
Flextronics Software Systems, Bangalore
Backup!!..
Misc..
161