9/3/2017 MusicofthePhilippinesWikipedia

MusicofthePhilippines
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

MusicofthePhilippines(Filipino:MusikangPilipinasSpanish:MsicadeFilipinas)includemusical
performanceartsinthePhilippinesorbyFilipinoscomposedinvariousgenresandstyles.Thecompositionsare
oftenamixtureofdifferentAsian,Spanish,LatinAmerican,American,andindigenousinfluences.

Contents
1 Primalmusic
2 Indigenousmusic
2.1 Gongmusic
2.2 Hispanicinfluencedmusic
2.3 Rondallamusic
2.3.1 HaranaandKundiman
2.3.2 Tinikling
2.3.3 Cariosa
3 OriginalPilipinomusic
3.1 Popmusic
3.2 Choirmusic
3.3 Rockmusic
3.4 Earthmusic
3.5 Airbornemusic
3.6 Hiphop
3.7 Programmusic
3.8 Othergenres
4 Seealso
5 References
6 Sources
7 Furtherreading
8 Externallinks

Primalmusic
Aseriesofrecordingsmadeonmusicplayedonthespotisprimalmusic.Itdoesnothavetoberepeatedandhasto
beperformedonlyonce.

Indigenousmusic
NotablefolksongcomposersincludetheNationalArtistforMusicLucioSanPedro,whocomposedthefamous
"SaUgoyngDuyan"thatrecallsaboutthelovingtouchofmothertoherchild.Anothergreatcomposerwho's
knownaspatrioticcomposer,AntonioBuenaventura.

Gongmusic

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Philippinegongmusiccanbedividedintotwotypes:theflatgongcommonlyknownasgangsandplayedbythe
groupsintheCordilleraregionofthebossedgongsplayedamongtheIslamandanimistgroupsinthesouthern
Philippines.he

KulintangreferstoarackedgongchimeinstrumentplayedinthesouthernislandsofthePhilippines,alongwithits
variedaccompanyingensembles.Differentgroupshavedifferentwaysofplayingthekulintang.Twomajorgroups
seemtostandoutinkulintangmusic.ThesearetheMaguindanaonandtheMaranaw.Thekulintanginstrument
itselfcouldbetracedtoeithertheintroductionofgongstoSoutheastAsiafromIndiabeforethe10thcenturyCE,
ormorelikely,totheintroductionofbossedgongchimesfromJavaviaIndiainthe15thcentury.Nevertheless,the
kulintangensembleisthemostadvancedformofmusicfrombeforethelate16thcenturyandthelegacyofthe
EuropeansinthePhilippinearchipelago.

Thetraditionofkulintangensemblemusicitselfisregional,predatingtheestablishmentofpresentdayPhilippines,
IndonesiaandMalaysia.Ittranscendsreligion,withBuddhist,HinduAnimist,andChristianethnicgroupsin
Borneo,FloresandSulawesiplayingkulintanganandMuslimgroupsplayingthesamegenreofmusicin
Mindanao,PalawanandtheSuluarchipelago.ItisdistantlyrelatedtothegamelanensemblesofJavaandBali,as
wellasthemusicalformsinMainlandSoutheastAsia,mainlybecauseoftheusageforthesamebossedracked
gongchimesthatplaybothmelodicandpercussive.

Hispanicinfluencedmusic

SpainruledthePhilippinesfor333years,andHispanicinfluenceinFilipinocultureisubiquitous.Thisinfluence
canbeeasilyseeninfolkandtraditionalmusic,especiallyintheTagalogandVisayanregions,whereSpanish
influencewasgreatest.

Rondallamusic

TheRondallaisatraditionalstringorchestracomprisingtwostring,mandolintypeinstrumentssuchasthe
banduriaandlaudaguitaradoublebassandoftenadrumforpercussion.Therondallahasitsoriginsinthe
Iberianrondallatradition,andisusedtoaccompanyseveralHispanicinfluencedsongformsanddances.

HaranaandKundiman

TheHaranaandKundimanarepopularlyricalsongsdatingbacktotheSpanishperiod,andarecustomarilyusedin
courtshiprituals.TheHaranaisrootedintheMexicanSpanishtraditionandbasedontherhythmicpatternsofthe
habanera.TheKundiman,meanwhile,hasprecolonialoriginsfromtheTagalophonepartsofthecountry,usesa
triplemeterrhythm,andischaracterisedbybeginninginaminorkeyandshiftingtoamajoroneinthesecond
half.

Inthe1920sHaranaandKundimanbecamemoremainstreamafterperformerssuchasAtangdelaRama,Jovita
Fuentes,ConchingRosal,SylviaLaTorreandRubenTagalogintroducedthemtoawideraudience.

Tinikling

TheTiniklingisadancefromLeytewhichinvolvestwoindividualperformershittingbamboopoles,usingthemto
beat,tap,andslideontheground,incoordinationwithoneormoredancerswhostepsoverandinbetweenpoles.
ThisisoneofthemoreiconicPhilippinedances,andissimilartootherSoutheastAsianbamboodances.

Cariosa

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TheCariosa(meaning"loving"or"affectionateone"),isthenationaldance,andispartoftheMaraClarasuiteof
Philippinefolkdances.Itisnotableforuseofthefanandhandkerchiefinamplifyingromanticgesturesexpressed
bythecoupleperformingthetraditionalcourtshipdance.ThedanceissimilartotheMexicanJarabeTapato,and
isrelatedtotheKuracha,AmenudoandKuradangdancesintheVisayasandMindanaoArea.

OriginalPilipinomusic
OriginalPilipinomusic,nowmorecommonlytermedoriginalPinoymusic,originalPhilippinemusicor
OPM,originallyreferredonlytoPhilippinepopsongs,particularlyballads,suchasthosepopularafterthecollapse
ofitspredecessor,theManilaSoundofthelate1970s.Inthe1970s,popularartistswereNoraAunor,Pilita
Corrales,EddiePeregrina,RamonJacinto,VictorWood,andAsin.ThemoremajorcommercialPhilippinepop
musicartistswereClairedelaFuente,DidithReyes,RicoPuno,RyanCayabyab,BasilValdez,CelesteLegaspi,
HajjiAlejandro,ReyValera,FreddieAguilar,ImeldaPapin,EvaEugenio,MarcoSison,NonoyZuniga,andmany
others.

Betweenthe1980sandthe1990s,OPMwasledbyartistssuchasRegineVelasquez,APOHikingSociety,Jos
MariChan,JanetArnaiz,DingdongAvanzado,RodelNaval,JannoGibbs,OgieAlcasid,JoeyAlbert,Lilet,Martin
Nievera,ManilynReynes,LeaSalonga,RaymondLauchengco,JoAnneLorenzana,FrancisMagalona,Sharon
Cuneta,SherylCruz,ZsaZsaPadilla,andGaryValenciano,amongmanyothers.

Inthe1990s,famousartistsincludedEraserheads,SmokeyMountain,Rivermaya,Jaya,DonnaCruz,Jolina
Magdangal,JessaZaragoza,ArielRivera,SouthBorder,AfterImage,SideA,AndrewE.,LaniMisalucha,Ella
MaySaison,RoselleNavaandBlakdyak,amongmanyothers.

Inthe2000sandthe2010s,leadingOPMartistsincludeAizaSeguerra,ToniGonzaga,SarahGeronimo,Nina,
YengConstantino,Spongecola,ChristianBautista,Charice,JedMadela,ErikSantos,ParokyaNiEdgar,andGloc
9,amongmanyothers.

Undergroundbandsemergedandalongwiththemweretheirperceptionsofidealismandselfexpression.The
famouslyricistofCircle'sEnd,GenoGeorsualandedontopasthemelodramaticexpressionist.BassistGreg
SolimanofUSTPendonggraspsthetitleasthebestbassistofundergroundmusic.

Fromitsorigin,OPMhasbeencenteredinManila,whereTagalogandEnglisharethedominantlanguages.Other
ethnolinguisticgroupssuchasVisayan,BikolandKapampangan,despitemakingmusicintheirnativelanguages,
haverarelybeenrecognizedasOPM.UnusualcasesincludrtheBisrock(Visayanrockmusic)song"Charing"by
Davaoband,1017.MulticulturalismadvocatesandfederalistsoftenassociatethediscrepancytotheTagalog
centricculturalhegemonyofManila.HavingsuccessfullycreatedasubgenreofPhilippinerockthatvtheycalled
Bisrock,theVisayans,byfar,havethebiggestcollectionofmodernmusicintheirnativelanguage,withgreat
contributionsfromVisayanbandsPhylumandMissingFilemon.However,abandcalledGroupies'Panciteriathat
hailsfromTacloban,aWinarayspeakingcity,launchedafreedownloadablemp3albumonSoundclick.comin
2009containing13TagalogsongsandonlyoneveryshortsongintheCebuanolanguage.[1]

FollowingsuitaretheKapampangans.Thedebutmusicvideoof"Oras"("Time")byTarlacCitybased
KapampanganbandMernutshaspenetratedMTVPilipinas,makingitthefirsteverKapampanganmusicvideoto
jointheranksofothermainstreamFilipinomusicvideos.RocKapampangan:TheBirthofPhilippine
KapampanganRock,analbumofmodernremakesofKapampanganfolkextemporaneoussongsbyvarious
KapampanganbandswasalsolaunchedlastFebruary2008,whichareregularlyplayedviaKapampangancable
channelInfomax8andviaoneofCentralLuzon'sbiggestFMradiostations,GVFM99.1.Inspiredbywhatthe
localscall"Kapampanganculturalrenaissance",AngelesCitybornballadeerRonnieLiangrendered
Kapampangantranslationsofsomeofhispopularsongssuchas"Ayli"(Kapampanganversionof"Ngiti"),and
"Ika"(Kapampanganversionof"Ikaw")forhisrepackagedalbum.

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DespitethegrowingclamorfornonTagalogandnonEnglishmusicandthegreaterrepresentationofother
Philippinelanguages,thelocalPhilippinemusicindustry,whichiscenteredinManila,isunforthcomingin
venturinginvestmentstootherlocations.Someoftheirmajorreasonsincludethelanguagebarrier,smallmarket
size,andsocioculturalemphasisawayfromregionalisminthePhilippines.

Thecountry'sfirstsongwritingcompetition,MetroManilaPopularMusicFestival,wasfirstestablishedin1977
andlaunchedbythePopularMusicFoundationofthePhilippines.Theeventfeaturedmanyprominentsingersand
songwritersduringitstime.Itwasheldannuallyforsevenyearsuntilitsdiscontinuationin1985.Itwaslater
revivedin1996asthe"MetropopSongFestival",runningforanothersevenyearsbeforebeingdiscontinuedin
2003duetothedeclineofitspopularity.[2]AnothervariationofthefestivalhadbeenestablishedcalledtheHimig
Handogcontestwhichbeganin2000,operatedbyABSCBNCorporationanditssubsidiarymusiclabelStar
Records.Fivecompetitionshavebeenheldsofarstartingin2000to2003andwaseventuallyrevivedin2013.
Unlikeitspredecessors,thecontesthasdifferentthemeswhichreflectthetypeofsongentrieschosenasfinalists
eachyear.[3][4]In2012,thePhilippinePopularMusicFestivalwaslaunchedandissaidtobeinspiredbythefirst
songwritingcompetition.[5]

Popmusic

OPMpophasbeenregularlyshowcasedinthelivebandscene.GroupssuchasNeocolours,SideA,Introvoys,The
Teeth,Yano,TrueFaith,PassageandFreestylepopularizedsongsthatclearlyreflectthesentimentalcharacterof
OPMpop.

Inthenewmillenniumuptothe2010s,famousFilipinopopmusicartistsincludeSarahGeronimo,ErikSantos,
YengConstantino,andChristianBautista,amongmanyothers.

Choirmusic

ChoralmusichasbecomeanimportantpartofPhilippinemusicculture.Itdatesbacktothechoirsofchurchesthat
singduringmassintheolddays.Inthemiddleofthe20thcentury,performingchoralgroupsstartedtoemergeand
increasinglybecomepopularastimegoesby.Asidefromchurches,universities,schoolsandlocalcommunities
haveestablishedchoirs.

PhilippinechoralarrangerslikeRobertDelgado,FidelCalalang,LucioSanPedro,EudenicePalaruanamong
othershaveincludedinthevastrepertoiresofchoirsbeautifularrangementsofOPM,folksongs,patrioticsongs,
noveltysongs,lovesongs,andevenforeignsongs.

ThePhilippineMadrigalSingers(originallytheUniversityofthePhilippinesMadrigalSingers)isoneofthemost
famouschoralgroupsnotonlyinthePhilippines,butalsoworldwide.Winninginternationalcompetitions,the
groupbecameoneofthemostformidablechoralgroupsinthecountry.Otherawardwinningchoralgroupsarethe
UniversityofSantoTomasSingers,thePhilippineMeistersingers(FormerAdventistUniversityofthePhilippines
Ambassadors),theU.P.SingingAmbassadorsandU.P.ConcertChorus,amongothers.

Rockmusic

TheUnitedStatesoccupiedtheIslandsin1898until1946,andintroducedAmericanblues,folkmusic,R&Band
rock&rollwhichbecamepopular.Inthelate1950s,nativeperformersadaptedTagaloglyricsforNorthAmerican
rock&rollmusic,resultingintheseminaloriginsofPhilippinerock.ThemostnotableachievementinPhilippine
rockofthe1960swasthehitsong"KillerJoe",whichpropelledthegroupRockyFellers,reachingnumber16on
theAmericanradiocharts.

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Upuntilthe1970s,popularrockmusiciansbeganwritingandproducinginEnglish.Intheearly1970s,rockmusic
begantobewrittenusinglocallanguages,withbandsliketheJuanDelaCruzBandbeingamongthefirstpopular
bandstodoso.MixingTagalogandEnglishlyricswerealsopopularlyusedwithinthesamesong,insongslike
"AngMissUniverseNgBuhayKo"("TheMissUniverseofMyLife")bythebandHotdogwhichhelpedinnovate
theManilaSound.Themixingofthetwolanguages(knownas"Taglish"),whilecommonincasualspeechinthe
Philippines,wasseenasaboldmove,butthesuccessofTaglishinpopularsongs,includingSharonCuneta'sfirst
hit,"Mr.DJ",brokethebarrierforevermore.

Philippinerockmusiciansaddedfolkmusicandotherinfluences,helpingtoleadtothe1978breakthroughsuccess
ofFreddieAguilar.Aguilar's"Anak"("Child"),hisdebutrecording,isthemostcommerciallysuccessfulFilipino
recording,andwaspopularthroughoutAsiaandEurope,andhasbeentranslatedintonumerouslanguagesby
singersworldwide.Asinalsobrokeintothemusicsceneinthesameperiod,andwerepopular.

FolkrockbecamethePhilippineprotestmusicofthe1980s,andAguilar's"BayanKo"("MyCountry")became
popularasananthemduringthe1986EDSARevolution.Atthesametime,acounterculturerejectedtheriseof
politicallyfocusedlyrics.InManila,apunkrockscenedeveloped,ledbybandslikeBetrayed,TheJerks,Urban
Bandits,andContras.Theinfluenceofnewwavewasalsofeltduringtheseyears,spearheadedbyTheDawn.

The1990ssawtheemergenceofEraserheads,consideredbymanyPhilippinenationalsasthenumberonegroupin
thePhilippinerecordingscene.InthewakeoftheirsuccesswastheemergenceofastringofinfluentialFilipino
rockbandssuchasYano,Siakol,ParokyaniEdgarandRivermaya,eachofwhichmixestheinfluenceofavariety
ofrocksubgenresintotheirstyle.

Filipinorockhasalsodevelopedtoincludesomehardrock,heavymetalandalternativerocksuchasRazorback,
Wolfgang,Greyhoundz,Slapshock,Queso,Bamboo,Franco,UrbandubandtheprogressivebandsParadigm,
Fuseboxx,EarthmoverandEternalNow.

Rockfestivalshaveemergedthroughtherecentyearsandithasbeenanannualeventforsomeoftherock/metal
enthusiasts.OnebigeventisthePulpSummerSlamwhereinlocalrock/metalbandsandinternationalbandssuch
asLambofGod,Anthrax,DeathAngelandArchEnemyhaveperformed.[6]

TheneotraditionalgenreinFilipinomusicisalsogainingpopularity,withartistssuchasJoeyAyala,GraceNono,
BayangBarrios,CocojamandPinikpikanreapingrelativecommercialsuccesswhileutilizingthetraditional
musicalsoundsofmanyindigenoustribesinthePhilippines.

Earthmusic

Anothergenrethatutilizestraditionalinstrumentsandfoundobjectsinprimalcompositions.Earthmusic
recordingscameoutin1994underBackdoorRecords.Aseriesofalbumshavebeenrecordedandreleasedby
AmbahayanProductionslikeKubingAlbum,ChantsAlbum,KudyapiAlbum,KulintangAlbum,GabbangAlbum,
GangsaAlbumandNativeFlutesAlbum.

Airbornemusic

Akindofmusicpopularizedbylocalmusicianswhichisunrehearsedandplayedinpublic.

Hiphop

FilipinohiphopishiphopmusicperformedbymusiciansofFilipinodescent,bothinthePhilippinesand
overseas,especiallybyFilipinoAmericans.ThePhilippinesisknowntohavehadthefirsthiphopmusicscenein
Asiasincetheearly1980s,largelyduetothecountry'shistoricalconnectionswiththeUnitedStateswherehiphop

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originated.RapmusicreleasedinthePhilippineshasappearedindifferentlanguagessuchasTagalog,Chavacano,
Cebuano,IlocanoandEnglish.InthePhilippines,FrancisM,Gloc9andAndrewE.arecitedasthemost
influentialrappersinthecountry,beingthefirsttoreleasemainstreamrapalbums.

Programmusic

Unlikepuremusicwhichhasnoreferenceintherealworldandnostorycomponent,programmusicis
instrumentalmusicthatmaytellastorywithexplicitepisodes,revealfacetsofacharacter,placeoroccasion,or
imitatethesoundsoftheworld.Sometimesthismaytaketheformofaverbalexplanationofthe"story"or
"program"ofthepiece.ThetermwasinventedbycomposerFranzLiszt,whounderstoodprogrammusicto
involveaprogramexternaltothemusicthatsettheparametersandtheforminwhichthemusicalpieceunfolds.

Othergenres

AnumberofothergenresaregrowinginpopularityinthePhilippinemusicscene,includinganumberof
alternativegroupsandtribalbandspromotingculturalawarenessofthePhilippineIslands.

Likewise,jazzhasexperiencedaresurgenceinpopularity.InitialimpetuswasprovidedbyW.D.O.U.J.I.(Witch
DoctorsofUndergroundJazzImprovisation)withtheirawardwinningindependentrelease"GroundZero"
distributedbythenowdefunctN/ARecordsin2002andtheTotsTolentinoledBuhayjazzquartetintheyear
beforethat.ThisopenedupthewayforlaterattemptsmostnotableofwhichistheFilipinojazzsupergroupJohnny
AlegreAffinity,releasingitseponymousdebutalbumin2005underLondonbasedCandidRecords.MonDavid
hasalsomadetheroundsoftheLasVegasmusiccircuit.Amongthefemaleperformers,MishkaAdamshasbeen
themostprominent.Arecentdevelopmentisthefusionofspokenwordandjazzandalsowithrock,chiefly
attributedtoRadioactiveSagoProject.OthernotablenamesoflateareBobAveswithhisethnoinfusedjazz,The
JazzVolunteersandAkashawhichhaveanchoredthenowlegendaryundergroundjazzjamsatFreedomBarfor
almosthalfofthe11yearsofitsexistence.Today,undergroundjazzjamsarenowheldinabarcalledTAGOjazz
barwhichislocatedatMainAvenue,Cubao.NewerjazzgroupsemergedinthelocaljazzscenenamelySwingster
Syndicatepioneeringinthepostbopandmoderntradjazz,andCamerataJazzknownfortheirFilipinojazz
arrangementsandsound.

BossanovaandLatinomusichasbeenpopularsincethe1970s.PerformerslikeAnnieBrazilwereactiveinthe
1970s,whilemorerecently,Sittihasbeenearningravereviewsforherbossanovacoversofpopularsongs.

Whiletherehaslongbeenaflourishingundergroundreggaeandskascene,particularlyinBaguioCity,itisonly
recentlythatthegenreshavebeenacceptedinthemainstream.ActslikeBrownmanRevival,Put3ska,Roots
RevivalofCebuandTheBrownOutfitBureauofTarlacCityhavebeeninstrumentalinpopularizingwhatis
called"IslandRiddims".Thereisalsoaburgeoningmodrevival,spearheadedbyJuanPabloDreamandalarge
indiepopscene.

Electronicmusicbeganinthemid1990sintheManilaundergroundspearheadedbyluminarieslikeManoletDario
oftheConsortium.In2010,localartistsstartedtocreateelectropopsongsthemselves.Asofnow,mostelectronic
songsareusedincommercials.Theonlyradiostationsofarthatpurelyplayselectronicmusicis107.9URadio.
2010salsobegantheriseofindieelectronicproducersandartistswiththelikesofSomedaydream,CRWN,
NINNO,Kidthrones,andJessConnelly.

Seealso
Rondalla
ListofPhilippinebasedmusicgroups
ManilaSound
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Pinoypop
Pinoyreggae
Pinoyrock

References
1.Groupies'Panciteria(http://www.soundclick.com/bands/default.cfm?bandID=515145&content=music),
retrieved20160818
2.JohnShepherd,ed.(2005).ContinuumEncyclopediaofPopularMusicoftheWorld(1.publ.ed.).London:
Continuum.p.210.ISBN9780826474360."Thisannualsongwritingcompetitionwasgearedtoward
discoveringnewFilipinotalentinpopularmusic,andproducedarichrepertoireofFilipinomusic..."
3."HimigHandog"(http://himighandog.abscbn.com/index.html).HimigHandog.Retrieved25February
2013.
4.Policarpio,Allan(25February2013)."DirectorcomposerwinsHimigHandog"(http://entertainment.inquire
r.net/82603/directorcomposerwinshimighandog).PhilippineDailyInquirer.Retrieved25February2013.
5."Philpop:AboutUs"(http://www.philpop.com.ph/#aboutus).PhilpopMusicFestFoundation.Retrieved
June25,2013.
6.Santos,KevinL."Metalbliss"(http://lifestyle.inquirer.net/47409/metalbliss).lifestyle.inquirer.net.
Retrieved20160818.

Sources
Clewley,John."PinoyRockers".2000.InBroughton,SimonandEllingham,MarkwithMcConnachie,
JamesandDuane,Orla(Ed.),WorldMusic,Vol.2:Latin&NorthAmerica,Caribbean,India,Asiaand
Pacific,pp213217.RoughGuidesLtd,PenguinBooks.ISBN1858286360.

Furtherreading
Barlow,SannaMorrison.1952.MountainSinging:theStoryofGospelRecordingsinthePhilippines.Hong
Kong:AlliancePress.

Externallinks
(inFrench)Audioclips:TraditionalmusicofthePhilippines.(http://www.villege.ch/meg/musinfo_ph.php?
what=pays=Philippines&debut=0&bool=AND)Mused'ethnographiedeGenve.AccessedNovember25,
2010.
FiestaFilipina,MusicofthePhilippines(http://www.rambles.net/fiesta_philip02.html)
Encuentros/EncountersConferenceExplorersMusicofthePhilippines(http://newsroom.ucr.edu/news_item.
html?action=page&id=1820)
bestOPMsongs(http://www.yesfm.com.ph/musicatbp/topten/)
TheFirstWaveofPinoyPunk(19761990)(http://planetangpapel.blogspot.com/2009/08/firstwaveofpino
ypunk.html)
PinoyPunkProject(http://www.facebook.com/pinoypunkproject)

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