1.

= , E=
0
n=0 pr. Isobaric; B=0
n=1 process izotermic; = B ecuatia
E=
; n= - pr izocor t

1 { B = 0 + 0 0
Cn=Cv ; = ; = + ; = () = 2 ( )3/2 exp( )
1 Maxwell

+ ; = ; = ln ,
nr de stari posibile ( , , )
3/2 ( 2 + 2 + 2 ) D= 0E+P
= =( ) exp[ ]
2 2 1
H= B-M
1 0
2. = + ( )
1
=1
1 =EH= E*B - vectorul Vmov
; = 0

; = +1 poynting

2
; = ln 1
1 = ( + ) energia
2
. ; = 1
( ) = electromagnetica
. ; =
+1
1
(( 2)1 -1), = . 2
1
9. + 20 + 02 = 0 oscilatii
2

2 1 amortizate
= (( ) 1
1
1
unde: 0 =
()
4. = =
40 2 2
3. = ; () = ; () =
=

2 = = 2
(2)3 4 2 2 -f. de distributie 2

1 2 ()
Maxwell-Boltzman = = 3 - Legea + 20 + 02 = oscilatii
0 0 2
lui Gauss fortate
2 2
= ; =

Sau Z(t) = A 0 sin(1 2 0 + )

s
solutie
10. E = h =
E= =
E (r) =

0
q pentru () = 0 sin()
P= =

=
K e
r
0
() = sin( + ) solutie

11. = T 4 , =5.67*10-8 - unde:
m2 k4
Legea tefan-Boltzman 2 2
5. = = = =
1
23 1 = (0 )2 + + (02 2 )2
. 2
B (,T) =
2
1 = rezonanta are loc pentru = 0

- Legea lui Planck 2
= 0 - legea II a lui Kirchnolf 8. = =
2
= =
2 2 . 1
B(,T) = c
5
1
= 0 - legea I a lui Kirchnolf () = ( + ) unde =
1 2
12. = ; = = oscilatii libere
2

1
- =

cond. Psan = 2 energia potentiala in
2
ecuaia Schrdinger (general: pozitia x
dependent de timp) 6. = 0

0
=
4 3

=

; =
- ecuaia

Schrdinger (ind. de timp) = ; = ; =

Principiul de 7. = =
incertitudine al lui Heisenberg