DESIGN OF STEEL

STRUCTURES

By
Professor Dr. Haitham Hassan AlDaami
College of Engineering
at
Babylon University

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham

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 REFRENCES

1. Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, AISC

2005.
2. Steel Design, fourth edition by William T. Segui, ,
2007.
3. Structural Steel Design, fourth edition by Jack C.
McCormac, Prentice Hall,
4. Steel Structures: Design and Behavior. 5th ed. by
Salmon, G. Charles, Johnson, E. John and Malhas A.
Faris, Prentice Hall, 2008.
5. Design of Steel Structures. 3rd ed. By Gaylord,
E.H., Gaylord, C.N. and StallmeyerJ.E., McGraw-Hill,
1992.

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 Syllabus:
No. Item Aim of the subject Period (lectures)

Introduction :
Properties of structural steel W, S, To increase the knowledge of the
1 C, MC, L, T rolled sections, AISC- graduate about steel type, section 2
LRFD manual and properties.
specifications2005

Design approach:
To increase the knowledge of the
Factor of safety, permissible and
2 graduate about the design 2
working stresses, elastic method,
approaches.
plastic method

Tension Members:
Net and effective area, permissible
Enable the students to analyzing and
3 stresses, design of axially loaded tension 8
design tension members
member, design of axial tension and
bending BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham
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No. Item Aim of the subject Period (lectures)

Beams:
Permissible stresses, limitation of
Enable the students to analyzing
5 flange and web thickness, web 8
and design flexure members
crippling, web buckling, design
procedure.

Beam - column : Enable the students to analyzing

6 Eccentricity of load, interaction and design beam-column 8
formula, design procedure. members

Connections
1- Simple connection:
Type of connection , bolted , riveted,
and welded connections, stresses
6
limitations, design procedure, high
Enable the students to analyzing
7 strength bolts
and design connections
2- Eccentric connections
6
BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham
Combined stresses (tension plus
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shear), connection loaded by shear
No. Item Aim of the subject Period (lectures)

Enable the students to analyzing

9 Plate girder analysis and design 8
and design plate girder members

Composite beam:
Enable the students to analyzing
10 Analysis , design , shear connectors, 6
and design composite beam.
cyclic loading

Qualification Weight

First semester Second Semester Quizzes& H.W.

15% 15% 10%

Final Examination
60%
Total scores= 100%
BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham
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INTRODUCTION

Engineering structures are required to support loads

and resist forces, and to transfer these loads and
forces to the foundations of the structures.
The loads and forces may arise from the masses of the
structure, or from human uses of the structures, or
from the forces of nature (wind, snow, temperature
changes, and earthquakes).
Structural members can be classified as tension or
compression members, beams, beam-columns, torsion
members, or plates

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham

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BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham
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 Suspension Bridge (example of
Feel Tower (example of space Truss) beams and Tension Members)

Steel Building (example of beams

and beam-column) BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham
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Steel structure Idealization

Real Structure

Idealized Structure

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham

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Steel Structure Design Process

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham

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Advantages of Steel as a Structural Material

High Strength to Weight

Uniformity & Permanence
Elasticity
Highly Ductile
Toughness
Easily Constructed and Modified Structures
Easily recycled
Simple Connection Devices such as Welds, Rivets and Bolts
Possibility of Prefabrication
Speed of Erection

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham H.

Disadvantages of Steel as a Structural Material

Maintenance Costs
Requires Fireproofing
Often Results in Slender members Susceptible to Buckling.
Fatigue
Brittle Fracture

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham

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 Steel Structure
Steels for structural uses may be classified by chemical composition,
tensile properties, and method of manufacture as carbon steels, high-
strength low-alloy steels, heat-treated carbon steels, and heat treated
constructional alloy steels.
Carbon Steels
A steel may be classified as a carbon steel if:
(1) the maximum content specified for alloying elements does not
exceed the following: manganese1.65%, silicon0.60%, copper
0.60%;
(2) the specified minimum for copper does not exceed 0.40%.
A36 steel has been the principal carbon steel for bridges, buildings,
and many other structural uses. This steel provides a minimum yield
point of 36 ksi in all structural shapes and in plates up to8 in thick.
In structural steel framing for building construction, A36 steel has been
largely replaced by the higher-strength A992 steel.

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Pr. Dr Haitham H.

 A529 is a carbon-manganese steel for general structural purposes,
available in shapes and plates of a limited size range. It can be furnished
with a specified minimum yield point of either 50 ksi (Grade 50) or 55 ksi
(Grade 55).
A573, another carbon steel is available in three strength grades for plate
applications in which improved notch toughness is important .
High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels
Those steels which have specified minimum yield points greater than 40
ksi and achieve that strength in the hot-rolled condition, rather than by
heat treatment, are known as HSLA steels.
Because these steels offer increased strength at moderate increases in
price over carbon steels, they are economical for a variety of applications.
A242 steel is a weathering steel, used where resistance to atmospheric
corrosion is of primary importance.
A588 is the primary weathering steel for structural work. It provides a 50-
ksi yield point in plates up to 4 in thick and in all structural sections; it is
available with a lower yield point in thicker plates.
BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham
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 Steel Properties

Typical Stress-Strain of Tension Test of Steel

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham

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Physical Properties

The most important properties of steel

yield stress (Fy)
ultimate stress (Fu)
modulus of elasticity (E)
percent elongation ()
coefficient of thermal expansion ()

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham

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Steel sections

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham

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HSS (Hollow Structural Sections)
Rounded Rectangular

Solid Rectangular Sections

BABYLON UNIVERSITY, Prof. Dr Haitham

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