Surroundings in which an organisation

operates, including air, water, natural

resources, flora, fauna, humans and their
interrelation
Clause 3.5 ISO 14001:2004

Note : Surroundings in the context extend

from within an organisation to the
global system

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Environment Management Division
 Environmental Management System
(EMS)

Part of an organizations management

system used to develop and implement its
environmental policy and manage its
environmental aspects

Clause 3.8, ISO 14001:2004

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2 Environment Management Division
 Business and the Environment Some
Key Issues

Global Biodiversity Smog

Warming

Water ENVIRONMENTAL
Pollution Waste
ISSUES

Ozone Acidification
Depletion Sustainability

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3 Environment Management Division
 Environmental Aspects Impacts
Identification ----Evaluation

Environmental aspects - impacts are

the building blocks of EMS!!

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4 Environment Management Division
 4.3.1 Environmental Aspects

Element of an organizations activities or products or

services that can interact
with the environment

Clause 3.6, ISO 14001:2004

Activity Environmental Environmental

Product Aspect Impact
Service (Cause) (Effect)

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5 Environment Management Division
 4.3.1 Environmental Aspects

Aspect Aspect

Inputs Outputs

Raw Materials Process Waste

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6 Environment Management Division
 Environmental Impacts

Any change to the environment, whether adverse or

beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an
organizations environmental aspects

Clause 3.7, ISO 14001:2004

Activity Environmental Environmental

Product Aspect Impact
Service (Cause) (Effect)

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7 Environment Management Division
 Environmental Impacts
Impact Impact Impact

Inputs Outputs

Impact
Impact
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8 Environment Management Division
 Activity Aspects Impacts
Delivery Generation of Depletion
of goods packing materials of resources ----
by suppliers solid waste
generation

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Environment Management Division 9
 Environmental Issues for Business
AIR
POLLUTION

WATER BUSINESS,
BUSINESS, INC.
INC.
EMISSIONS
ENERGY

NATURAL PRODUCTS
RESOURCES

SUPPLIERS
PROCESS TOXIC & SOLID
WASTEWATER
Environment Mangement Division WASTE
PROPERTY
RUNOFF SEWAGE
CONTAMINATION

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10
 Environmental Aspects ----Impacts
Air Pollution Impacts

Air pollution from process, DG, vehicles

ASPECT IMPACTS

Nitrogen Oxides Acidification of air and water; depletion of

plant growth; kills fish; respiratory problems
in people; corrosion; photochemical ozone.
Volatile Organic Direct health effects; harm to plants.
Compounds (VOCs)
Particulates Visibility; respiratory problems; transport of
carcinogens.

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Environment Management Division 11
Environmental Aspects ----Impacts Water
Impacts
Water consumption, release to water ----ground water
contamination
ASPECT EXAMPLE IMPACTS

Discharges to foul Pollution of rivers via treatment works; use of

sewers chemicals and energy at treatment works; use
of water depletion of resources; generation of
gases (methane, hydrogen sulphide) odours.
Discharges to storm Pollution of rivers; depletion of fish and other
sewers animal life in rivers; reduction of river-water
quality; reduction of sea-water quality.
Accidental spills of River pollution via storm drains; contaminated
chemicals land leading to groundwater pollution.

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Environment Management Division 12
Environmental Aspects ----Impacts Waste Impacts
Generation of waste process, packaging, oil soaked
cotton, used oil etc.
ASPECT EXAMPLE IMPACTS
Generation and Visual impact; odour; degradation of local
storage of waste environment if waste escapes; depletion of
resources; energy and resource use in
managing waste, plus subsequent pollution.
Disposal of waste - Visual disturbance; noise; vehicle pollution;
landfill energy use and subsequent impacts;
methane production; groundwater pollution;
resource depletion (land).
Disposal - Air emissions and impacts; odour; noise;
incineration visual impact; global warming; landfill of
ashes; recovery of energy from waste.
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Environment Management Division 13
Environmental Aspects ----Impacts Other Impacts

ASPECT EXAMPLE IMPACTS

Consumption of Consumption of oil/diesel, electricity, water,
natural resources raw material leading to depletion of finite
natural resource
Transportation Depletion of natural resource ----air pollution

Generation of noise Noise pollution affecting hearing

Storage ---- Leakage/ spillage fire hazard, illness, injury,

transportation of oil/ burns
gas/ hot water/
steam
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Environment Management Division 14
Environmental Aspects ----Impacts Other Impacts

ASPECT EXAMPLE IMPACTS

Land contamination Harm to animals and plants; water pollution
through run-off, degradation of soil quality;
groundwater pollution.
Use of pesticides Harm to animals and plants; water pollution
through run-off; degradation soil quality;
groundwater pollution; resource depletion;
ecological imbalance.
Site development Visual disturbance; noise; vehicle pollution;
energy use and subsequent impacts; river
pollution; groundwater pollution; resource
depletion.
Supply chains All impacts to air; land and water; resource
depletion.
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Environment Management Division 15
 Evaluation of Aspect ----Impact
Evaluation of Significant Aspect may consider :

Scale
Severity of impact
Probability
Duration
Control
Legal requirement

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16
 Approach
We need a systematic approach to identify environmental
impacts.

Evaluate
Operating Inputs and Environmental Significant
Activities
Conditions Outputs Impacts Impacts

Define Evaluate Characterise Identify

and
Quantify

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Environment Management Division 17
 Identification of Aspects and Impacts

Service Aspect Impact

Operation of Generation of emissions Air pollution
DG set
Generation of noise Air pollution
Over consumption of fuel Resource Depletion
Spillage of fuel Resource depletion
Land contamination
Water pollution
Work Environment
Generation of wastes Land contamination
Explosion Air pollution
Water pollution
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Environment Management Division 18
 IDENTIFICATION ----EVALUATION OF
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ----OHS RISKS
S Activity Aspect/ N/ Environ OHS L.C R.S. Pollutant/ Risk Prod C.I.B. S/
N Hazard A/ ment Risks P. Sc. Se Pr Dur ContrSSP NS
E Impacts v o. DC
1 Use of Generation of N Air Y S
D.G. Exhaust Pollution
Set Emissions
Spillage of N Land N 2 2 4 3 2 90 N NS
fuel/oil contamin
ation
N Water N 2 2 4 3 2 90 N NS
Pollution
N Resource N <60 - - - - - - N NS
Depletion 000
0
Accident N Injury N 1 3 1 4 2 24 N NS

Generation of N Deafnes N 2 1 5 4 2 80 N NS
Noise s
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Environment Management Division 19
 Identifying Aspects
Identify aspects for each activity, product, or service:
Normal operating conditions
on-site activities (Construction, office, maintenance)
contracted activities( cafeteria, landscaping)
Abnormal operating conditions:
Start-up, shut-down

Breakdown activities,

Peak seasons

Emergency situations
Aspects can be
regulated or non-regulated
natural or man-made
positive or negative
controlled or influenced by the organization

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Environment Management Division 20
 Determining Significance Env. (Evaluation Criteria)
Scale Severity*** Probability Duration Controls
Amount of
Magnitude of The rate of
Value Pollution time the
the impact on occurrence in Controls for
spread due to impact affects
the which the impact Impacts
the impact the
environment will occur
environment
Up to 5 m
Once a Year or Very Available ----
1 Radius Very Low < 1 hr.
rare effective at source
(Negligible)
Within 50 m 1 hr - 1 Has in-built
2 Low Once in a month
Radius (Low) day secondary control
Within 250 m
1 day - 1 Control need
3 Radius Moderate Once a day
month human intervention
(Moderate)
Within 500 m
Mechanism in
Radius or Site 1 month - 1
4 High Several times a day place but not
Boundary year
reliable
(High)
Outside Site
1 year - Absent or no
5 Boundary Very High Continuous
forever Effective Control
(Excessive)
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Environment Management Division 21
Determining Significance Env. (Evaluation Criteria)

Value Severity Criteria

Requires no cleanup, no impact to the environment
1 Low release of a Non-Hazardous Material or Noise level < 65 db.

Requires minor cleanup, minimal impact to the environment

2 High release of Non Hazardous Material or Noise level 65 db to 70 db

Requires moderate cleanup, minimal impact to the environment

3 Low release of Hazardous Material or Noise level 70 db to 75 db

Requires moderate cleanup, moderate impact to the environment

4 Medium release of Hazardous Materials or Noise level 75 db to 80 db

Requires major cleanup, major impact to the environment

5 High release of Hazardous Material or Noise level above 80 db.

Severity: Additional explanation for Severity especially in case of generation of gases and noise

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Environment Management Division 22
Exercise 6 : Environmental Aspects ----
Impacts
In your teams

Identify the environmental aspects and their impact in the process

your team has selected

Calculate significance of the impacts

Identify any one legislative requirement regarding environment in

your company

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Environment Management Division 23
 Requirements ISO 14001 : 2004

Continual
Improvement

Commitment
Management and Policy
Review

Checking ----
Corrective Action
Planning

Implementation
and Operation
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Environment
24 Management Division
 4.2 Environmental Policy
ISO 9001:2008 - 5.1, 5.3. 8.5.1

Environment Policy must:

be appropriate to the nature, scale and environmental impacts of its
activities, products and services,
includes a commitment to continual improvement and prevention of
pollution
have commitment to comply with applicable legal requirements
provide framework for setting and reviewing objectives and targets
be documented, implemented, maintained and communicated to all
persons working for or on behalf of the organization
be made available to the public

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25 Environment Management Division
 4.3 Planning
ISO 9001:2008 5.4, 5.2, 7.2.1, 7.2.2, 8.5.1

Clause 4.3 includes:

4.3.1 Environmental Aspects

4.3.2 Legal and Other Requirements
4.3.3 Objectives, Targets, and Programs

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26 Environment Management Division
 Relationship to EMS

An effective EMS is based upon a

Activity thorough evaluation of significant impacts.
Impacts/Significant
Impacts

Policy

Objectives ----Targets

Environmental
Management Programme

Operational control-
Procedure

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Environment Management Division 27
 4.3.1 Aspects and Impacts
ISO 9001:2008 5.2, 7.2.1, 7.2.2

Establish, implement and maintain procedure(s):

Identify (within the defined scope) the environmental aspects of its:-

Activities, products and Services

That it can control and have an influence, taking into account

planned or new developments or modified activities to determine
those which have a significant
impact on the environment

Must be considered in establishing, implementing and maintaining

the EMS

Must be documented and kept up to date

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28 Environment Management Division
 4.3.2 Legal and Other Requirements
ISO 9001:2008 5.2, 7.2.1

Establish, implement and maintain procedure(s):

Identify and have access to:-
Applicable legal or statutory requirements (LAWS)
Other environmental requirements e.g.
* Codes of practice
* Agreements with public authorities
* Non-regulatory guidelines
Keep them up to date
Determine how they apply to its environmental aspects
Consider in establishing, implementing and maintaining
the EMS

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29 Environment Management Division
 Indian Environmental Legislations
The Factories Act 1948/87
The Water (Prevention and Control of pollution) Act 1974
The Water ( Prevention and Control of pollution) Rules 1975
The Water (Prevention and Control of pollution ) Cess Act 1977
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Rules 1978
The Air ( Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Rules 1982/1983
The Environmental (Protection) Act 1986
The Environmental ( Protection ) Rules1986
The Hazardous Wastes ( Management and Handling) Rules2003/2008
The Public Liability Insurance Act 1991
The Public Liability Insurance Rules 1991

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Environment Management Division 30
 Indian Environmental Legislations

The Bio- Medical Waste (Management and Handling) rules 1998

The Noise (Regulation and Control ) Rules 2000
The Ozone Depleting Substance ( Regulation and Control) Rules
2000
Energy Conservation Act 2001
Indian Electricity Act 2003
The Explosive Act and Rules 2008
The Gas Cylinder Rules 1981
The Static and Mobile Pressure Vessels Rules 1981
Motor Vehicle Act /CMVR 1988/1989
Guidelines for Hazardous Chemicals Management 1988/1989
Guidelines for Hazardous Waste Management 1988/1989

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Environment Management Division 31
 Legal Register
Sr. Name Applicable Applicable Requirement Person(s) Statutory Compliance Remarks
No. Section Responsible Body Frequency

1 The Water Section 3 Cess has to be paid on

(Prevention the quantity of water
and Control of consumed as specified
Pollution)
Cess Act, 1977, Section 4 Affixing the meter of such
amended 1992 standards ----at such places
as may be prescribed.
Section 5 Furnishing of returns in
such forms at such
intervals as Prescribed
2 The Water Section 20 Provide Information to
(Prevention and SPCB which is sought.
Control of
Pollution) Section 21 Provide Access for taking
Act, 1974, Samples
amended Section 23 Authority to SPCB or any
1988 person empowered by it for
Inspection

Section 24 Prohibition on use of

stream or well for disposal
of polluting matter etc.
Section Application for consent to
25 (2) establish in the prescribed
format

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Environment Management Division 32
4.3.3 Objectives,Targets and Programmes
ISO 9001:2008 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 8.5.1

Establish, implement, document and maintain its environmental

objectives and targets at relevant functions and levels
Measurable where practical
Ensure that they are consistent with its environmental policy
When establishing and reviewing its objectives it shall consider
its:
legal and other requirements;
significant environmental aspects;
technological options;
financial, operational and business requirements; and
the views of interested parties.

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33 Environment Management Division
4.3.3 Objectives,Targets and Programmes
ISO 9001:2000 - 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 8.5.1

Establish, implement and maintain programme(s) for

achieving its objectives and targets
Include in its programme(s):
Designation of responsibility for achieving its
objectives and targets
Means and timeframe by which they are to be
achieved

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34 Environment Management Division
 Objectives and Targets Example

OBJECTIVE TARGET
Reduce greenhouse Achieve 25% reduction in
gases produced in energy use per million parts
manufacturing produced within 3 years
ESCI (specify base year)
35
Environment Management Division
 Objectives and Targets Example
Objective Target
Reduce waste and depletion Reduce water consumption by
of resources 15% by January 1, 2006
Identify five options for energy
Control environmental impact
savings and produce an action
of use of coal
program
Design program to minimize
Initiate recycling program for
environmental impact of
used tires by 3rd quarter 2005
disposal of products
Adopt technologies that will Implement new water cooling
minimize pollution process by July 2007
Reduce or eliminate the Reduce air emissions from paint
release of pollutants shop by 20% by 2007

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36 Environment Management Division
 Indicators

OBJECTIVE INDICATOR TARGET

Quantity of fuels Achieve 25%

Reduce greenhouse
and electricity used reduction in
gases produced in
per ton of product energy by 2008
manufacturing
produced

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Environment Management Division 37
 4.4.1 ----4.4.2
4.4.1 Structure and Responsibility
Management shall
Define, document and communicate roles, responsibilities and
authorities to facilitate effective environmental management
Ensure availability of resources (human, skills, organizational
infrastructure, technology and financial) essential to the
implementation and control of the EMS.
Appoint Management Representative

4.4.2 Training, Awareness and Competence

Establish and maintain procedures to make personnel
performing tasks on its behalf (sub-contractors) that have
the potential to cause significant environmental impact(s)
aware of:

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38 Environment Management Division
 4.4.3 Communication
ISO 9001:2008 5.5.3, 7.2.3

4.4.3 Communication
Establish, implement and maintain procedures for:
internal communication between the various levels and functions
of the organization
receiving, documenting and responding to relevant communication
from external interested parties
Make a decision on external communication of its significant aspects
Record that decision and establish.
Implement methods for external communication if necessary

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39 Environment Management Division
 4.4.4 ----4.4.5
4.4.4. Documentation
Describe main elements of the EMS and their interaction
Include scope of EMS
Provide reference to related documentation
Includes
- policy, objectives and targets
- EMPs
- OCPs --------procedures
- records required by the standard
- other documents necessary to the effective
planning, operation and control of processes
related to significant environmental aspects.

4.4.5 Document Control

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40 Environment Management Division
 4.4.6 Operational Control
ISO 9001:2008 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5

Identify and plan relevant operations and activities

associated with significant aspects

Plan to carry out these activities under normal, abnormal

and emergency conditions (including maintenance) and
shall have:

Documented procedures where their absence may lead to

deviations from policy, objectives and targets
Established operating criteria in the procedures
Establish, implement, maintain and communicate applicable
procedures to suppliers (vendors) and contractors

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41 Environment Management Division
 4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness and Response
ISO 9001:2008 8.3

Establish, implement and maintain procedures to:

Identify potential accidents and emergencies
Respond to them
Prevent and mitigate adverse impacts associated with them

Periodically review and if necessary revise its emergency

preparedness and response procedures
especially following an accident or emergency situation

Periodically test such procedures where practicable

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42 Environment Management Division
 4.5.1 Monitoring and Measurement
ISO 9001:2008 - 7.6, 8.1, 8.2.3, 8.2.4, 8.4

Establish, implement and maintain procedures to monitor and

measure regularly
Cover key characteristics of its operations and activities
Document information to monitor:
Performance
Relevant operational controls
Conformance with objectives and targets
Calibrate or verify and maintain all monitoring and measuring
equipment used
Retain records

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43 Environment Management Division
 4.5.2 Evaluation of Compliance
ISO 9001:2008 - 8.2.3, 8.2.4

Establish, implement and maintain procedure to:

Periodically evaluate compliance with relevant legal

requirements and other environmental
requirements subscribed to.

Keep records of evaluations

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44 Environment Management Division
 4.5.3 Nonconformance, Corrective and
Preventive Action
ISO 9001:2000 - 8.3, 8.4, 8.5.2, 8.5.3

Establish, implement and maintain procedures to:

Define requirements for identifying and correcting non-
conformities
Investigate and determine cause(s) of actual nonconformity
(ies), to avoid recurrence
Evaluating the need for action to prevent non-conformities
and implement actions to prevent occurrence
Appropriateness of actions commensurate to scale of
problem and impacts
Review actions taken and implement and record resulting
changes made to the EMS documentation

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45 Environment Management Division
 4.5.4 ----4.5.5
4.5.4 Records
Establish, implement and maintain procedures for
identification, storage, protection, retrieval, retention ----
disposal.

4.5.5 Internal Audit

Establish, implement and maintain procedures and planned
programmes for audits

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46 Environment Management Division
 4.6 Management Review
ISO 9001:2000 5.1, 5.6, 8.5.1

Ensure top management involvement in the review

Carry out the review at planned intervals
Ensure the continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness (of
the EMS)
Include opportunities for improvement and changes to EMS, audit
results, communication from external interested parties,
performance of organization, extent of achievement of objectives,
status of corrective and preventive actions, follow up from previous
reviews, changing circumstances, recommendations for
improvement.
Record the review
Review output to include any decisions and actions to possible
changes to:
Policy, Objectives, targets and other elements of the EMS,
consistent with commitment to continual improvement

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47 Environment Management Division
 THANK YOU

ESCI
Environment Management Division 48