P.E.

Civil Exam Review:

Structural Analysis

J.P. Mohsen
Email: jpm@louisville.edu
jp @
 Structures

Determinate

Indeterminate
STATICALLY DETERMINATE
STATICALLY INDETERMINATE
Stability and Determinacy of Trusses

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

7.5 ft

A
E
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft

RR
RL

2j = m + r Truss is determinate J = number of joints

m= number of members
2j m+r indeterminate r = number of reactions

2j m+r Unstable
Determine the force in members BH, BC, and DG of the truss shown. Note that
the truss is composed of triangles 7.5 ft : 10.0 ft : 12.5 ft, so that they are 3:4:5
right angles.
angles

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

7.5 ft

10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft E

RL RR
Member BH.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

A
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft E

RL RR
Analysis of Member BH.

300 lb.
lb 400 lb.
lb

B C D

A E
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft

RL RR

FBH Applying Equation of Equilibrium to Joint H

+ F y 0 Fbh 0

FAH FHG
H
Member BC.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

A
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft E

RL RR
Analysis of Member BC.

300 lb.
lb 400 lb.
lb

B C D

A E
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft

RL RR = 275 lb.

+ M G 0 20 RR 7.5 FBC 0

275(20)
FBC 733 lbs ( compression)
400 lb. 7 .5
B C D
FBC
12.5 ft
FBG 7.5 ft
E
FHG
G 10 ft F 10 ft

RR
Member DG.

300 lb. 400 lb.

B C D

A
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft E

RL RR
Analysis of Member DG.

300 lb.
lb 400 lb.
lb

B C D

A E
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft

RL RR

C D
FCD

FDG 12.5 ft
7.5 ft
E
FGF
G F 10 ft

RR
 Analysis of Member DG.

300 lb.
lb 400 lb.
lb

B C D

A E
10 ft H 10 ft G 10 ft F 10 ft

RL RR

+ F Y 0 RR DGY 0 DGY 275 lbs

DGY 3
DG 458 lbs tension
DG 5
C D
FCD

FDG 12.5 ft
7.5 ft
E
FGF
G F 10 ft

RR
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown
shown. Indicate the
maximum moment.

60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN
kN-m
m

A C D
B E

2m 2m 2m 2m
Draw the Free Body Diagram (FBD)
(FBD).
(Note: The horizontal force at point B is equal to zero.)

60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN
kN-m
m

A C D
FB FE

2m 2m 2m 2m
 Solve for the reactions at supports B and E
E.

60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m

A C D
FB = 100 kN FE = 40 kN

2m 2m 2m 2m

+ MB = 0 60(2) + 120 6FE = 0 FE = 40 kN

+ FY = 0 -60 80 + FE + FB = 0 -100 + FB = 0 FB = 100 kN

 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Shear Diagram
for segment AB.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

2 m 20 kN m 40 kN

0 0 V (kN)

-40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Show the change in Shear
at B.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60 100 kN

0 0 V (kN)

-40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Shear Diagram
for segment BC.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60 2 m 20 kN m 40 kN
20
0 0 V (kN)

-40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Show the change in Shear
at C.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60 60 kN

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Shear Diagram
for segment CE.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60 4 m 0 kN m 0 kN
20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Show the change in Shear
at E.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60 40 kN

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Completed Shear Diagram

A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Moment Diagram
for segment AB.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

2 m 40 kN 1 40 kN m
2

0 0 M (kN-m)
2
-40
40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Moment Diagram
for segment AB.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

2 m 40 kN 1 40 kN m
2

0 0 M (kN-m)

-40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Moment Diagram
for segment BC.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

2 m 40 kN 1 2 m 20 kN 80 kN m
2

40
2

0 0 M (kN-m)
2 2

-40
40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Moment Diagram
for segment CD.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

2 m 40 kN 80 kN m

40
2

0 0 M (kN-m)
2 2

-40
40 -40
40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Show the change in
bending moment at D.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

120 kn m

80
40
2

0 0 M (kN-m)
2 2

-40
40 -40
40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Draw the Moment Diagram
for segment DE.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

2 m 40 kN 80 kn m
80
40
2

0 0 M (kN-m)
2 2

-40
40 -40
40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Completed Moment
Diagram.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

80
40
2

0 0 M (kN-m)
2 2

-40
40 -40
40
 60 kN
20 kN/m
120 kN-m
Find the maximum
moment.
A 2m 2m C 2m D 2m
100 kN 40 kN

60

20
0 0 V (kN)

-40 -40 -40

M max 80 kn m

80
40
2

0 0 M (kN-m)
2 2

-40
40 -40
40
Find the force in the truss members shown.
What are the vertical and horizontal components of deflection at the 30K Load? All members have a cross
sectional area of 1 square inch and modulus of elasticity of 29000 ksi.
 S u L

AE

S = member force with proper sign

A C
A= Cross-sectional
ti l area off each
h member
b

L= Length of each member

E= modulus of elasticity of materials

These are internal member forces due to
original loading
These are internal forces due to a vertical unit load at L2
These are internal member forces due to a horizontal unit load at L2
Please find all member forces and specify whether in tension or compression
What are the support reactions for the beam shown?

KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20
 Moment Distribution

1) calculate the fixed end moments

2) Calculate distribution of moments at the clamped ends of the

members
b b
by th
the rotation
t ti off th
thatt joint
j i t

3) Calculate the magnitude of the moments carried over to the other

ends of the members

4)) The addition or subtraction of these latter moments to the original

g
fixed ends moments
Fixed End Moments
P

L/2 L/2
FEM = PL FEM = PL
8 8

L
FEM= wL2
FEM= wL2
12
12

P
a b

L
FEM= Pa2b
FEM= Pb2a L2
L2
 Lock the joint B

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50
 KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

Di t ib ti F
Distribution Factor
t = K
K_______________
Sum of K for all members at the joint

K1
DF1
K
K2
DF2
K
 KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

Di t ib ti F
Distribution Factor
t = K
K_______________
Sum of K for all members at the joint

K1
DF1
Distribution Factor = KBA_
KBA + KBC
K
K2
DF2
K
 KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

1__
10____ = 2/3 D.F. at B for BA
1__ + 1_
10 20

1__
20____ = 1/3 D.F. at B for BC
1__ + 1_
10 20
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing
Joint B
 Joint B Released

Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I

L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B

C.O.M. + 8.33
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing +16.67 +8.33

Joint B

C.O.M.
+ 8.33 +4.17
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B
C.O.M.
+ 8.33 +4.17

Final
Moments - 16.67
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B
C.O.M. + 8.33 +4.17

Final
Moments - 16.67 + 41.67
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B
C.O.M. + 8.33 +4.17

Final
Moments - 16.67 + 41.67 - 41.67
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing + 16.67 +8.33

Joint B
C.O.M. + 8.33 +4.17

Final
Moments - 16.67 + 41.67 - 41.67 + 54.17
Stiffness K KAB=4EI = I KBC=4EI = I
L 10 L 20

D. F. 2/3 1/3

FEM -25 + 25 - 50 + 50

Balancing
+ 16.67 +8.33
Joint B
C.O.M.
+ 8.33 +4.17
---------- ------------ ---------- ----------
Final - 16.67 + 41.67 - 41.67 + 54.17
Moments
 1.5 K/FT
20 k

-16.67 FT.K 41.67 -41.67

54.2

20 k 1.5 K/FT

14.4 k 15.6 k
7.5 k 12.5 k
 References

Hibbeler
Hibbeler, C.
C R.,
R Structural Analysis
Analysis, 3rd
Edition, Prentice Hall, 1995.

Chajes, Alexander, Structural Analysis,

P ti H
Prentice Hall,
ll 1982
1982.
 Thank You!

Any Questions?

Good Luck!