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Soil Resistivity1
Soil Resistivity1
2006
Soil Resistivity Test Report of Ravindranagar dhoos(Kushinagar)
A C1 1 5.3 33.28
2 1.8 22.61
3 1.1 20.72 12m 12m 12m
4 1 25.12 B1 D1 D2 D3
25.43
B1 D1 1 3 18.84
2 1.9 23.86
3 1.5 28.26 12m 12m 12m
4 1.2 30.14 Zone-2 12m Zone-5 Zone-8
25.28
C1 D1 1 3.5 21.98
2 2.3 28.89
3 1.8 33.91 12m 12m 12m
4 1.3 32.66 B2 E1 E2 E3
29.36
The avg resistitvity of Zone 1 26.73
Zone-2 B1 B2 1 2.8 17.58
2 2.1 26.38
3 1.5 28.26
4 1.2 30.14 12m Zone-3 12m Zone-6 12m Zone-9 12m
25.59
B2 E1 1 2.9 18.21
2 1.7 21.35
3 1.3 24.49
4 1.2 30.14 B3 12m F1 F2 F3
23.55
D1 E1 1 3.9 24.49 12m 12m
2 2.8 35.17
3 1.7 32.03
4 1.4 35.17
31.71
The avg resistitvity of Zone 2 26.9
Zone -3 B2 B3 1 3.2 20.1
2 1.8 22.61
3 1.5 28.26
4 1.3 32.66
25.91
E1 F1 1 3.3 20.72
2 1.7 21.35
3 1.4 26.38
4 1.3 32.66
25.28
B3 F1 1 3.1 19.47
2 2 25.12
3 1.5 28.26
4 1.1 27.63
25.12
Zone-4 C1 C2 1 4 25.12
2 2.5 31.4
3 1.75 32.97
4 1.2 30.14
29.91
26.55
Direction
Electrode Meter Reading-
Zone
Spacing (Mtr) Ohm
From To
D1 D2 1 3.9 24.49
2 2.6 32.66
3 1.8 33.91
4 1 25.12
116.18
C2 D2 1 4.2 26.38
2 2.4 30.14
3 1.7 32.03
4 1.5 37.68
126.23
Zone-5 E1 E2 1 3.5 21.98
2 2.2 27.63
3 1.9 35.8
4 1.4 35.17
120.58
D2 E2 1 3.9 24.49
2 2.5 31.4
3 1.9 35.8
4 1.2 30.14
121.83
Zone-6 F1 F2 1 4.4 27.63
2 2.3 28.89
3 1.7 32.03
4 1.4 35.17
123.72
E2 F2 1 4.1 25.75
2 2.7 33.91
3 2.1 39.56
4 1.3 32.66
131.88
Zone-7 C2 C3 1 3.8 23.86
2 1.9 23.86
3 1.6 30.14
4 1.2 30.14
108.02
D2 D3 1 4 25.12
2 2.5 31.4
3 1.7 32.03
4 1.3 32.66
121.2
C3 D3 1 3.9 24.49
2 2.3 28.89
3 1.7 32.03
4 1.4 35.17
120.58
Zone-8 E2 E3 1 3.8 23.86
2 2.2 27.63
3 1.8 33.91
4 1.5 37.68
123.09
D3 E3 1 4 25.12
2 2.6 32.66
3 1.9 35.8
4 1.4 35.17
128.74
Zone-9 F2 F3 1 4.2 26.38
2 2.7 33.91
3 1.8 33.91
4 1.5 37.68
131.88
Direction
Electrode Meter Reading-
Zone
From To Spacing (Mtr) Ohm
E3 F3 1 3.7 23.24
2 2.4 30.14
3 1.9 35.8
4 1.3 32.66
121.83
Zone-10 C3 C4 1 4.2 26.38
2 2.4 30.14
3 1.8 33.91
4 1.3 32.66
123.09
D3 D4 1 3.9 24.49
2 2.5 31.4
3 1.8 33.91
4 1.5 37.68
127.48
C4 D4 1 4.2 26.38
2 2.7 33.91
3 2.1 39.56
4 1.5 37.68
137.53
Zone-11 E3 E4 1 3.8 23.86
2 2.1 26.38
3 1.9 35.8
4 1.3 32.66
94.83
D4 E4 1 4.1 25.75
2 2.5 31.4
3 1.9 35.8
4 1.4 35.17
128.11
Zone-12 F3 F4 1 3.9 24.49
2 2 25.12
3 1.7 32.03
4 1.4 35.17
116.81
E4 F4 1 3.3 20.72
2 2.2 27.63
3 1.5 28.26
4 1.1 27.63
104.25
Zone-10
12m
12m
D4
12m
Zone-11
E4
Zone-12 12m
F4
12m
Ref:CBIP Publication223
Earthing Calculation for 33/11KV S/S Ravindranagar Dhoos
Design Considerations
Soil Resistivity ρ = 29.56 ohm m Avarage value of all zones
System fault Current Ik = 25000 A
Grid fault Current Ig = 12500 A
Fault Duration t = 3 Sec
Ambient Temperature Te = 40 oc
Max allowable temp Tm = 990 oc
Earthing grid Material MS rod
Density of steel d = 7.85 gm/cc
Resistance temp coefficient a = 0 /oc
Specific heat of material S = 0.11 cal/gm/oc
Earth Ground Welded
Dimension of S/S L = 30 M
B = 20 M
Depth Burried h = 0.6 M
K1 = 1.15 from graph According to CBIP manual,page No:24
K2 = 4.75 from graph According to CBIP manual,page No:24
Area of the substation (A) = 600 sq.m2
Π = 3.14
h1 = sqrt(D1*h)
r = 16 mm
D1 = 32 mm
h1 = 0.14 M
MS Rod
let spacing s = 2.5
no of rods width wise nw = 9
no of rods in length wise nl = 9
length of rod L1 = L*nl+B*nw
length of rod L1 = 450.00 M
Surface area A2 = 3.14*D1*L1
A2 = 45.2 M2
Total wt of rod KG = 2839.56 Kg
effective surface area A1 = n*3.14*D*Le
Treated type = 2.36
Untreated type = 2.59
= 4.946 M2
Total Effective area in M2 = A1+A2 M2
= 50.2 > 15.55
No of earth electrodes and strips below ground & effective resistance of ground
The max permissible current density of earth electrodes and strip surface
= 7570/sqrt(P*t)
= 803.9 A/M2
Total surface area req for earth electrodes and strips
= Fault current/current density
= 15.55 M2
Cross sectional area A = 12.3*Ik*Sqrt(t) Page No.5
= 153.8 mm2
Reference:Annexure -1,Design for earth mat for 11KV substation,Paragraph (V),
determine the size of the conductor for earthmat (C )-corrosion : of CBIP manual
As Technical Specification, earth mat using 32mm dia MS Rod
So we select 32mm MS rod* Dia 32 mm
Total 10 Nos
Untreated type 32mm dia MS rod 3 Mtr Long
PTR Body earthing 2 Nos
Stn Transformer Body 2 Nos
Structure and Equipment
earthing 9 Nos
Total 11 Nos
Diameter D = 0.04 M
Length L2 = 3M
no of electrodes N = 21 Nos
Resistance of earth mat
conductor {
(ρ /(ΠL1)) Ln(2L1/ h1)+K1(L1/√A)-
R1 = }
K2
0.53 ohms
Resistance of all earth rods R2 = (ρ /(2NΠL2){Ln(8L2/D2)-1+2K1(L2/√A)(√N -1)2}
R2 = 0.67 ohms
R12 = {
(ρ /( ΠL1) Ln(2L1/ L2)+K1(L1/√A)- K2 +1 }
= 0.48
(1/(2*3.14))((Ln(S2/(16hD)+((S+2h)2/8SD)-
Spacing factor for touch voltage Km = (h/4D))+Kii/Kh*Ln(8/(3.14*(2n-1))
Kii = 1
n = Sqrt(nw*ni) = 9
Kh = sqrt(1+h/ho)
ho = 1
Kh = 1.26
Km = 0.3
Spacing factor for Step voltage Ks = 1/3.14(1/2h+1/(S+h)+1/S(1-0.5n-2)
= 0.5 Here n= max(nw,ni)
Corrected factor for grid geometry Ki = 0.172n+0.656 Here n= Avg(nw,ni)
= 2.2
Etouch = 468.77 < 530.99
Estep = 771.62 < 1869.92