Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Ledakan nuklir
Pergerakan kerak bumi di sepanjang patahan
Longsoran batuan/tanah
Aktivitas vulkanik
1
19/10/2017
Surface Waves
Travel just below or along the grounds surface
Slower than body waves; rolling and side-to-side movement
Especially damaging to buildings
2
19/10/2017
3
19/10/2017
4
19/10/2017
Intensity
subjective measure of
the kind of damage
done and peoples
reactions to it
isoseismal lines
identify areas of equal
intensity
Magnitude
Richter scale measures
total amount of energy
released by an
earthquake; independent
of intensity
Amplitude of the largest
wave produced by an
event is corrected for
distance and assigned a
value on an open-ended
logarithmic scale
10
5
19/10/2017
The concentric shell structure of Earth as defined by variation in S- and P-wave velocities and
estimates of density. The velocity of seismic P and S waves generally increases with depth except
in the low-velocity zone. The plastic asthenosphere slows down seismic waves. Velocity
increases at 400 and 670 kilometers may be caused by mineral collapse. S waves do not pass
through the outer core but are thought to travel through the solid inner core. Photo by NASA
6
19/10/2017
7
19/10/2017
Si, Mg Si, Al