ACTIVIDAD 2

TEORIA ELECTROMAGNETICAS Y ONDAS

LEONARDO QUINTERO BEJARANO

CEDULA 16461422

INGENIERIA ELECTRONICA.

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA

ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BSICAS, TECNOLOGA E INGENIERA
PALMIRA
2017
Activities to develop

Each student in the group has to answer the following questions

using academic references to support the research:

1. How is the loss tangent used in practical situations? Give an

example.
R.
Waves, circles, and triangles are closely related. In fact, this
relatedness forms the basis of trigonometry. Basic trigonometric
functions are explained in this module and applied to describe
wave behavior. The module presents Cartesian coordinate (x, y)
graphing, and shows how the sine function is used to plot a wave
on a graph.
Additionally, between the displacement current and the conduction
current there is an angle of phase shift This relationship is called
the loss tangent and is a feature of the medium, in the conductive
materials tends to be very high.
An example is the synchronoscopio of a plant of generation there
we can see the lags by the tangent of loss.

2. What could produce losses in electromagnetics wave propagation?

Explain with examples.
Factors Affecting Transmission
Attenuation
Distortion
Loss of free space (Free space loss)
Noise
Atmospheric absorption
Multipath
Refraction
Thermal noise
The attenuation occurs for the great distances. The noise consists
of the electric energy, electromagnetic or of frequency of
unwanted radio that can degrade and distort the quality of signals
and communications of all kinds.
3. If waves are considered like means of transportation of
information, what occur with the information if the wave travels
in: Free space, lossless dielectrics, lossy dielectrics or good
conductors. Explain each case and support your answer in the loss
tangent definition.
the propagation of electromagnetic waves by free space is often
called radiofrequency propagation, or simply radio propagation.
although free space implies vacuum. the propagation by the
terrestrial atmosphere is often called propagation by free space,
and can almost always be considered as such.
Perfect dielectric: they do not present current of conduction,
therefore, they do not possess Joule effect losses.
Perfect conductors: they do not present current of polarization,
therefore, no have capacitive or charge accumulation effects.
Good insulation: they present conduction current and have effect
losses Joule, but this effect is almost negligible against the
capacitive effect, are called also "low loss dielectrics".

Please, explain what occurs with the information in each

medium.

4. Complete the following table listing applications for the given EM

phenomena.

EM Phenomena Application

X-rays MEDICINA

Infrared radiation EQUIPOS DE VISION

Microwave waves HOGAR, INDUSTRIA

Radio waves COMUNICACIONES

Gamma rays MEDICINA E INDUSTRIA

Cosmic rays CIENCIA

Please name the applications in english.

5. What can the pointing vector be used for?

 A vector from A to B. In physics, a vector is a geometric tool used
to represent a physical quantity on which only one module (or
length) and one direction (or orientation) depends to be defined
and serves as reference or guide.

Take into account that we are talking about the pointing

vector instead a vector in general.

6. What is a plane wave and a non-plane wave and where are they
used? What is a magnetic and a nonmagnetic medium and where
are they used?
A flat wave or also called a monodimensional wave, is a constant
frequency wave whose wave fronts (surfaces with constant phase) are
parallel planes of constant amplitude normal to the phase velocity
vector. That is to say, they are those waves that propagate in a single
direction throughout the space, as for example the waves in the springs
or in the cords. If the wave propagates in a single direction, its wave
fronts are flat and parallel.
This is a good explanation about the plane waves, now explain
the other concepts