Alp - TRG - PRQ 2012R2 V3 - 2 PDF

ALP_TRG_PRQ
Alphacam Training
Prerequisite
Documentation
Std Training Prerequisite Document
Page 2 of 55 ALP_TRG_PRQ
Copyright
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Version 3 A2 Page 3 of 55
Contents
Conventions used in this guide ......................................................................... 7
Recommended Operating Systems and Hardware for Alphacam ..................... 8
Supported Operating Systems 8
Alphacam Training PC Specification 8
Purpose of Alphacam ....................................................................................... 9
Mission Statement 9
Definition of a finalised Post Processor 9
Definition of a Process Plan 9
Influences outside Alphacam ............................................................................ 9
Geometry Creation Options .............................................................................. 9
Process Options controlled by Alphacam ....................................................... 10
Machining Types 10
Hole creation 10
Area Clearance 2D 10
Area Clearance 3D 10
Profiling 2D 10
Profiling 3D 10
Machining in work planes 10
Disc/Saw Cutting 10
Application of machining 11
Conclusions .................................................................................................... 11
Introduction .................................................................................................... 12
Aims & Objectives .......................................................................................... 13
Overall Aim 13
Specific Aims 13
Overall Objective 13
Specific Objectives 13
Alphacam Hardware Overview ....................................................................... 14
The Keyboard 14
The Rodent 14
Left (Primary) Button 14
Right (Secondary) Button 14
Computer Filing System ................................................................................. 15
What are Files 15
Folders/Directories 15
Drives 15
Alphacam Directory Structure ......................................................................... 16
\Planit\Alpha(n) 16
LICOMDAT 16
LICOMDIR 16
Alphacam File Extensions 17
Alphacam Launch Pad ................................................................................... 17
Graphics Screen and Menu Layout ................................................................

................................ 18
Graphics Screen 18
The Project Manager ................................................................
...................................................................................... 18
Layers 19
Operations 19
Work Planes 19
Machining Styles 19
Constraints 19
Nesting 19
Simulation 19
Button Bars 20
System Configuration ................................................................
..................................................................................... 21
General 21
Folders 21
Toolbar & Keyboard Configuration................................................................
.................................. 22
What is CAD ................................................................................................
................................ ................................... 24
CAD whats in a name? 24
Drawing/Paint/Sketch or CAD 24
Precision and Accuracy 24
Real Scale 24
Vector Graphics Display 25
Coordinate Geometry 25
Relative or Incremental Coordinates 25
Absolute Coordinates (Cartesian System) 25
Turning
ing Coordinates Environment 26
Automation 26
Conclusion 26
Drawing Elements 27
Element Properties 27
3D CAD ................................................................................................
................................ .......................................... 28
3D Co-ordinates. 28
3D Geometry Elements 28
3D Polylines & Splines 28
2D Planar Geometry. 28
Planes 29
3D Surface 30
Surface type Examples 30
Wire frame view 30
Shaded Picture View 30
3D Solid 31
Alphacam Principles of use ............................................................................ 32

Creating new Geometry 32
Modifying Existing Geometry 32
Data Entry ...................................................................................................... 33
Geometry Creation Overview ......................................................................... 34
Geometry creation methodology..................................................................... 35
Example: 35
Part Drawings 35
Function Keys................................................................................................. 36
Outline Alphacam Commands ........................................................................ 37
CAD style Geometry Creation options 37
Special Geometries 38
Modification Options 38
Editing Commands 39
Fabricate Commands 40
Control Keys ................................................................................................... 41
CAD/CAM terms ............................................................................................. 42
Support Portal ................................................................................................ 43
Accessing the Global Support Portal 44
Entry into Global Support and Service Portal.................................................. 45
Prerequisite training test. ................................................................................ 47
Conventions used in this guide

To enable you to use the information in this guide effectively, you need to understand the
used in the guide to represent different types of information.
Buttons on the screen are represented as the button text in square brackets.
For example: Click on [Ok].
Keys on the keyboard are represented as bold lettering in between <> characters.
For example: Press <Enter.>
Menu options are represented as a path with the main menu in UPPER case with
sub menus Capitalised and separated with a vertical bar
For example: Select FILE | Open
Field names are represented as bold text. And the value to be entered will be
represented by Narrow Bold Text.
For example: Enter the value 50 in the Offset field. Or
When prompted for the X & Y values type 100,50 <Enter>
This is a note. It contains useful or additional information.
This is a reference. It directs you to another part of the user guide.
This is a thought box. It is generally used in exercises and contains a

question for you to consider.
This contains important information that you must not ignore.
This is a tip. It is generally used in exercises and offers further advice.
1 This is the first line a number list item

this is the second line of the numbered item
2 This is the second item of the numbered instructions, which you must
3 Follow in sequence.
This is a list
of items, in which
The order is not important.
Recommended Operating Systems and Hardware for Alphacam

Supported Operating Systems
Operating System
Windows XP (XP Pro Service pack 2), Windows Vista, Windows 7 (Business, Ultimate or
Enterprise versions)
Alphacam will install and run on the 'Home' editions of the above operating systems
(including Windows XP Home Edition, Vista Home Basic, and Vista Home Premium);
however, this is not recommended and we cannot guarantee to fix any Alphacam
issues specifically related to these operating systems.
Alphacam will install and run on 64-bit versions of these operating systems, where applicable
(note however that Alphacam is a 32-bit application).
We recommend you keep up to date with the with the latest service packs for the supported
operating systems and drivers for your hardware base.
Windows NT, 95,98 and ME are not supported operating systems

Alphacam Training PC Specification
Processor Intel XEON or ADM
Memory 4GB RAM
ATI or NVIDIA Video Card, OpenGL compatible, High Colour Setting with 512MB on-board
memory
17 Monitor 1280x1024 resolution
Hard Disk Space 10 Gb free hard disk space
Disk Drive DVD drive for software installation
Pointing Device 2 button with wheel Windows compatible mouse
Ports USB 1.1 or 2.0 port for single user security key support
Network TCP/IP required for network security support
Optional: Space Ball and Space Mouse.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other
countries.
The Alphacam installer will install any additional software/drivers required if it is not already
installed on your PC.
For Current minimum specifications please see web site:
http://www.alphacam.com/systemrequirements
Purpose of Alphacam
Mission Statement
The Primary Function of Alphacam software is to produce NC Code via the Post Processor
that will machine the component according to your Geometric Data and Process Plan.
Definition of a finalised Post Processor
A Post Processor is deemed finalised when it produces NC Code that machines the
component correctly to the process plan, irrespective of the format of the NC Code.
Definition of a Process Plan
A Process Plan is your list of machining operations, within the limitations of the software and
machine tool, which is required to be performed by the machine tool on the material in order
to produce the required component.
Influences outside Alphacam
Development of the process plan
The process plan is development considerations
1. Production Quantity and Job frequency.
1 off once a year or 50 off 4 times a year or 100,000 per year.
2. Component Material Stock.
Billet Castings, Forgings internal supplied;
Billet Castings, Forgings customer supplied limited quantity.
Are the billets pre-machined or raw stock. Sheet material?
3. Work holding.
Vice, Fixture operator assembled, Fixture bolt on, Chuck, Magnet, Vacuum,
clamps, matrix table Pods and Rails
4. Work Manipulation
3 axis M/c, 4 Axis M/c, 5 Axis M/c, Multiple Machines.
5. Tooling
Tooling available, purchase of additional or specialised tooling.
Geometry Creation Options
There are a number of ways in which the part geometry can be created.
1. Geometry creation direct in Alphacam.
2. Geometry creation in external 2D CAD System and imported.
3. 3D Model creation in external 3D CAD system and imported in to Alphacam and
the 2D Geometry extracted and created in Alphacam.
You can check the CAD import options for your software level at:
http://support.alphacam.com/MultiSiteFiles/licom/505916/Alphacam_CAD_Translator_Versions.pdf
However the geometry is produced, all elements in a contour must be joined together and
only display ONE ghost tool.
Process Options controlled by Alphacam

The machining techniques you can employ may be limited by your software level and your
machines capabilities.
Machines where the post processor requires the use of a working envelope, work volume or
panel.
Machining Types
Hole creation
Drilling; Pecking; Boring; Tapping; cycles, Multi Drill, Spiral area clearance, and Profiling.
Area Clearance 2D
Individually applied pocketing cycles Contour, Linear, Spiral or Auto 2D Z Contour can be
applied to internal or external areas.
Area Clearance 3D
Application of 3D Z Contour roughing which will remove stock material down to a surface or
solid model applied vertically.
Profiling 2D
Application of Rough or Finish profile cuts that can be applied with multiple cuts applied in
XY as well as in Z.
Application of profiling cuts using splines and polylines applied as 3 Axis cutting.
Profiling 3D
Application of 3D Roughing and finishing machining strategies on Surface or Solid models
applied either in 3, 4 or 5 axis
Application of profiling cuts using splines and polylines applied as 5 Axis simultaneous
cutting.
Machining in work planes
All the above machining operations can be applied in work planes providing 3+2 machining
applications.
Disc/Saw Cutting
3 Axis Sawing, cutting straight profiles using a vertical saw along the X and/or Y axis or at
any angle between the X and Y axis.
3+2 axis Sawing, as the 3 Axis sawing but with the ability to tip the saw at an angle from
vertical.
3+2 axis Sawing, Area Clearance and Finish Machining of surfaces or solids using a Saw
(Advanced + Ultimate Stone Module only).
5 Axis Sawing, Finish machining of surfaces or solids using a saw
(Ultimate Stone Module only).
Application of machining
4. Application of machining types by way of fixed depth machining menu commands
with Z depths applied to the operation.
5. Application of machining types by way of Auto Z machining menu commands with
Z depths applied to the geometries.
6. Application of machining types by way of fixed depth machining styles manually
applied.
7. Application of machining types by way of Auto Z machining styles manually
applied.
8. Application of machining types by way of fixed depth machining styles applied via
Layer assignment.
9. Application of machining types by way of Auto Z machining styles applied via
Layer assignment.
10. Application of machining types by way of multiple machining styles to assigned
layers using auto styles.
Conclusions
Alphacam provides you with the facilities whereby you can create NC programs using which
ever methodology suits your working environment, with visualisation tools to aid you in the
program production.
Alphacam does not automatically or intuitively produce NC programs i.e. force you to
change your methodologies to suit the software.
Alphacam can provide mechanisms by which you can produce NC code either by application
of individual machining operations, semi automation using Machining styles, or full
automation via VBA applications.
Alphacam has the facilities be able to offer a VBA application creation service subject to
specification.
Introduction
This document is pre-requisite reading for anybody intending to attend the standard
machining training course.
At the end of the training notes there is a web address location for the pre-requisite test.
You must complete this test prior to attending the course.
Failure to have an understanding of the system structure and layout may result in the trainee
being removed from the course.
Office based training courses
Start between 9:15 and 9:30 am and finish between 4:00 and 5:00 pm.
Coffee/Tea/Water will be provided also Lunch will be provided at about 12:30pm for 45 mins.
These times may vary to suit course conditions
Office based training courses is undertaken in an informal and relaxed environment. They
have been devised to allow some deviation to focus on areas of difficulty as they occur.
To this end, we ask that you voice any questions or difficulties as they arise.
Training Documentation that is provided in electronic form for you to take away, it is also
advisable to make your own notes as well for future reference.
This document is an overview of the alphacam system and should be used in

conjunction with the alphacam help file
Aims & Objectives

Overall Aim
Alphacam training will enable you to understand the layout and configuration of an alphacam
system, together with the fundamentals of use.
Specific Aims
Alphacam Training will -
1. Enable you to understand the structure of alphacam.
2. Allow you configure toolbars and menus.
3. Allow you configure system defaults.
4. Allow you understand the fundamentals of using alphacam
Overall Objective
By the end of the course you will be able to:-
Use alphacam to produce NC programs, which will produce the defined component or
geometric profile.
Specific Objectives
By the end of the session you will be able to:-
1. Name the system folders and there location
2. Position and configure toolbars.
3. Define keyboard commands.
4. Find commands in the menus or toolbars.
5. Understand Co-ordinate systems and data input.
6. Understand the actions of the function keys [F1] to [F12]
7. Create a support portal account.
Alphacam Hardware Overview

The Keyboard
This is used to input data into the system. Pressing the <Enter > causes the system to act
on the data typed in.
To abort an action, or to indicate that selection is finished, either R-click or press <Esc>.
To move between sections in a dialog box, in alphacam, press the <Tab > key.
The Rodent
This is used to control the position of the cursor on the screen.
Left (Primary) Button
The Left Mouse Button will be referred to as, L-click or 2L-click, in the
training documentation.
L-click selects the absolute coordinates of the cursor position on the screen
when X, Y coordinates are being requested.
Right (Secondary) Button
The right button will be referred to as R-click in the training documentation.

R-click will perform different functions depending upon the cursor position
when clicked. It will either act as [Finish Esc] when a command is active or
popup a function menu.
Rolling the wheel backwards and forwards activates the zoom in & out
commands respectively.
The L-click can be used as <Enter > when the command input only requires one
value.
Pressing the <Space Bar> will recall the last command (except Undo or Redo). This is
especially useful if you have made an error abort the command with R-click,<Esc> or undo
the command then simply press <Space Bar> to recall the command.
Alphacam supports 3D connexion 3D control units.
Computer Filing System

What are Files
Files are computer units that contain data, i.e. bits of paper, which are accessed via their
name. Windows Operating Systems, allow long filenames, which can include spaces.
Filenames will be printed in lowercase in the documentation.

Folders/Directories
Directories are computer units that contain Files and other Directories, i.e. The Drawers,
Separators, Folders. These are also accessed by their name and like file names are
controlled by your system configuration.
Directory names will be printed in uppercase in the documentation

Drives
Drives are the different places in which Files & Directories are stored, i.e. the different filing
cabinets. These are accessed by their letter.
Normally C: is the hard drive inside the computer, A: is the main floppy disk drive, and D: is
the DVD Drive.
When saving data ensure that the correct drive and directory are selected
prior to entering or selecting the data file name.
Alphacam Directory Structure

\Planit\Alpha(n)
The main system files are stored in C:\Program Files\Planit\Alpha(n), where n=Version number
The version refers to the year and release of the alphacam system i.e. 2010 R1. To find the
exact version reference and date select the HELP | About ..... under the Help Menu. This also
shows you the build releases of ancillary dlls.
LICOMDAT
The directory under which the data files used by AlphaCAM are stored:
Tooling Data Directories mtools.alp ttools.alp rtools.alp
Post Processor Directories mposts.alp tposts.alp rposts.alp
Material Data Files mmat.dat tmat.dat rmat.dat
Alphacam Font Directories fonts.alp All system true type fonts can also be used.
Further sub-directories can be created under the main data file directories in order to create
a manageable structure.
LICOMDIR
The directory under which the user files created in alphacam are stored. Further sub-
directories can be created under the main data file directories in order to create a
manageable structure.
A directory called AutoSave is automatically created in Licomdir in order to save the
automatic backup files called 1.a?d 2.a?d and 3.a?d where 3.a?d is the most recently
saved file.
The ? depends on the module r router, m mill, etc.
The location of the Licomdat and Licomdir directories can be set locally (C:\), or on a central
drive on the network/server.
it is preferable to have the autosave folder stored locally on the users PC
Immediately after opening an autosave file, make sure that the file is saved
under another name. This is because with the autosave file open the system
cannot write to it.
The LICOMDAT and LICOMDIR directories need to be backed up

regularly.
The data stored in these folders is YOUR responsibility.
Because alphacam stores drawing files and NC program files with different file extensions, it
is possible for the drawing file and corresponding NC program file to use the same alphacam
filename
Alphacam File Extensions

Each module within the alphacam suit creates files using unique file extensions, enabling job
files to retain the same filename whilst being used in different modules.
Router Module File Extension.ard
Milling Module File extension .amd
Stone Module File extension .asd
Lathe Module File extension .atd
Profile Module File extension .ald
Wire Module File extension .aed
Nc Files File extension .anc
Alphacam Launch Pad
The alphacam launch pad provides access to the different alphacam modules installed on
your computer. The alphacam launch pad is not installed by default, it can be manually
installed from the Support\alphacam launch pad folder on your alphacam dvd
The options shown in the launch pad are controlled via a text link file, this can be edited to
add or subtract item from the launch pad.
GROUP=Alphacam 2011 R1
Level as set by licence
C:\Program Files\Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /c
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /r
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /m
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /s
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /t
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /l
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /w
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\Aedit.exe
Level set by shortcut.
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /r1 Essential
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /r2 Standard
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /r3 Advanced
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /r5 Ultimate
C:\Program Files\ Planit\ALPHA2011_R1\ACAM.EXE /r6 View Plus
The GROUP= is the title of the section in launch pad. Each program that is to actioned from
the launch pad is then listed with is full pathname to the executable file. Eg if you wanted to
add a link to notepad into the group just enter C:\windows\system32\notepad.exe to the
bottom of the group
Graphics Screen and Menu Layout

Graphics Screen
The Project Manager

The Project Manager concentrates the main aspects of the current alphacam project into a
tabulated Windows Explorer type view.
The tabs display the page showing the details of Layers, Operations, Work Planes Machine
Styles, Constraints and Nesting in the current job.
The pages available are dependent upon module being used. .

The Project Manager visibility is controlled via the VIEW menu
Layers
This page shows you the makeup of the elements on each of the Layers in the current job it
also allows you to view the properties of these elements. The Layers page also allows you to
manipulate data on each layer, by turning on/off the individual geometries/layers,
metries/layers, or use the
drag and drop method to move and copy geometries between layers
Operations
This page allows you to manipulate the machining operations in the current job. The R-click
popup menu allows you to modify the properties of the operation.
Work Planes
This page allows selection and viewing of the individual
individual work planes for controlling of
geometry and machining utilising 3,4,5 axis machine tools. It also details the geometries
that are defined in Flat-Land,
and, i.e. geometries not on any work plane. Using the drag and
drop method can be used to move and copy geometries between Work Planes, the
geometry origin is relative to the work plane origin.
Machining Styles
This page shows a tree structure of all the Machining Styles available
available for the module and all
the machining operations that they contain. A Machining style is a machining strategy that is
stored without geometry, so that it can be applied to any appropriate geometry in the job.
Machining
achining styles can improve productivity where similar parts which are machined
mac in a
similar manor. Care
are has to be taken when creating machining styles as to the mix of tooling
and tool numbers associated within a style. Styles can be associated to only work on
geometry that is on a specific layer.
laye
Constraints
This page shows the geometric constraints and parameters with in the current job and
provides parametric facilities. The
he Constraint Manager allows you to define of how sketches
react when elements within the sketch are modified. Element lengths
lengths and distances between
elements can be driven by parameters and the sketch re-solved
re solved instantly.
Nesting
This page displays the nesting information and allows you to create nested sheets, from
components in the drawing, or from previously created drawings
drawings stored on the disk. Nesting
controls how parts places onto a sheet of material that they are to be made from taking into
account the different tools used to cut the parts from the sheet.
Simulation
This page provides control of the cutting simulation.
simulation. The cutting can be simulated as wire
frame or as solid simulation. This will show any clashes of tool with any defined fixtures.
Button Bars
Alphacam Button bars provide quick access to commands. They can be placed at any
position on screen either horizontally or vertically .They can be modified to suit the users
way of working. In Advanced modules user defined button bars can be created.
File Controlling data output and input. Open, Save, etc.
Edit Modification, Duplication and Manipulation of existing geometry
View Controlling what happens on the visual display. Zoom, Redraw, etc.
Geometry Geometry creation commands. Line,Arc,Circle,Rectangle, Fast Geometry, etc
3D- Create Work Volumes, Work Planes and other 3D options.
Utils Extract and use values, Cursor Snapping Functions, other utilities
CAD Dimensioning, Hatching, User Layer and Line type Control
Machine Machining setup, Cutting operations, Toolpath manipulation
Constraints Allows you to create parameterised drawings.
Solid Model Allows Feature Extraction from solid models
Machine Configuration
Further, Menus, Menu Items and Button Bars are created when additional Free and Extra
Cost add-in macros are activated.
CDM Cabinet Door Manufacture, APM Alphacam Parametric Manufacture,
Panels Specific Machine dependant macros for definition of panels for horizontal work
System Configuration
When setting up alphacam for the first time it is usual to configure the system to your
requirements, by using the FILE | Configure
Co options.
General
The general option will display a multi-tabbed
multi tabbed dialog each tabbed page will allow you to set
the default values to be used by Alphacam.
Folders
The folders option allows you to set the location of the default folders.
Toolbar & Keyboard Configuration

Within the alphacam environment it is possible for the user to create their own configuration
of button bars and command key assignments.
To access the toolbar & keyboard configuration position the cursor in the toolbar boarder
and R-click, this will then display the toolbar menu select the bottom option Customise this will
display the tabbed configuration dialog.
The Toolbars page allows you to configure the toolbars and to create your own.
The Commands page allows you to drag and drop commands onto toolbars.
The Keyboard page allows you to assign your own key strokes to a command.
The Options page allows you to set how the menus are displayed. Std Icons are
based on a 16x16 pixel map whilst Large icons are based on a 32x32 pixel map.
The Appearance page allows you to set the themed screen/toolbar appearance
What is CAD
This is an overview of what CAD is all about. It is targeted at people, probably machinists
who can read technical drawings but, who have never done any Technical Drawing on a
Drawing board or a Computer.
CAD whats in a name?
Design
Drawing
Computer Aided
Detailing
Drafting
The name means different things to different people in different fields of application.
Drawing/Paint/Sketch or CAD
CAD is the production of accurate part or assembly drawings/models using computer
software. The difference between Drawing/Paint/Sketch software and CAD software is:
Precision and accuracy
Real Scale
Vector Graphics Display
Coordinate Geometry
Automation
Some drawing/paint programs may have some of these but a CAD program needs all five.
Precision and Accuracy
CAD replaces the process of hand drafting, so it must meet and extend the standards of the
people who produce hand drawings. The drawings must be produced to a mathematical
standard to enable successful manufacture. CAD programs are capable of calculating
dimensions to at least 6 decimal places. The accurate data structure of CAD programs can
be transferred to other analytical and manufacturing software so that they dont have to
recreate the information.
Real Scale
This means that the CAD software allows you to produce drawings to their real size without
regard to physical restraints such as screen size or paper size.
All data produced should be to real world units, (millimetres, inches etc.).
Vector Graphics Display

A Computer screen displays information by lighting up a series of small dots, (Pixels), to
make up the image. The higher the resolution of the screen the more pixels are used to
display the image thus giving a smoother appearance. Drawing/Paint programs store their
information as a map of the pixels used (Raster Graphics) and as so are only accurate to the
screen resolution and are device dependent. A raster graphic image created on a low
resolution would look terrible when displayed on a display with a better resolution.
Vector graphics involves storing the geometric information as real units. The accuracy is not
affected by a change in screen resolution.
Coordinate Geometry
Coordinate geometry means that all the features drawn have a unique position, which is
expressed in X,Y,Z coordinates. Two Dimensional systems use only X,Y coordinates, which
is sometimes expressed as working in Flat Land. There are two basic types of coordinate
system:
Relative or Incremental Coordinates
Where each new coordinate is expressed in relationship to the last coordinate.
Absolute Coordinates (Cartesian System)
Where all coordinates are expressed in relationship to the absolute position of X0,Y0. A
coordinate system is similar to a graph layout where the coordinates are expressed with
their signs (+Plus and -- Minus) to indicate the relationship to X0,Y0
Each part of a drawing is positioned accurately so that its size and position is known and can
be measured.
Turning Coordinates Environment
Only necessary to draw the Positive Diameter half.

Automation
CAD programs have the ability to automate the drafting procedures. From predefined
features, such as colours, line thickness, layers, settings etc. To automatic geometric
manipulations, such as mirror, array, rotate etc. Some systems allow a full programming
interface, such as integrated VBA, where complete drawing and production procedures can
be automated.
Conclusion
CAD is a versatile tool that allows anybody to create accurate drawing for a variety of
applications; it should allow the user an opportunity to expand their capabilities.
Like a word processor can enhance the production of documents it does not make us all into
best selling novelists. A spread sheet allows us to do our home accounts but does not make
us into accountants.
A basic knowledge of, the computer system, (using a mouse and how to save and open
files), and the application to which CAD is to be applied, is required, followed by training in
the use of the CAD software.
Drawing Elements
A typical 2D CAD drawing is the required shape which is made up from primary drawing
elements such as Lines, Arcs, Circles etc.
Element Properties
In order for the CAD system to draw the elements some of the element properties must be
entered. I.e. the operator must enter information relative to the element that is to be drawn.
3D CAD
3D CAD is one where the drawing elements have their co-ordinate data held in 3 dimensions
X,Y,Z co-ordinates.
3D Co-ordinates.
3D Geometry Elements
3D Polylines & Splines
These are straight lines or curves whose points are held as X,Y,Z co-ordinates.
Polylines and 3D splines exist in 3D space and do not relate to any one plane.
2D Planar Geometry.
This is 2D geometry as described previously which lies on a 3 dimensional work plane.
This is sometimes referred to as planer geometry.
Work planes on cardinal faces correspond to G17 G18 G19 commands.
Planes
The XYZ axis is the World co-ordinate system.
The X & Y on the plane is the Local co-ordinate system.
3D Surface
A 3D Surface is the definition of a skin which is suspended between a set of edges. A
surface has no thickness and should not be confused with a solid model. There as several
different surface types
Surface type Examples
Wire frame view
1 = Ruled Surface, 2 =Swept Surface, 3 = Revolved Surface, 4 = Patched Surface.

Shaded Picture View
3D Solid
A 3D Solid is the 3 dimensional model of a component. 3 dimensional models store
information about the volumetric area it occupies. Solids are created by the addition,
subtraction, or intersecting of primitive shapes or used definable extrusion. Usually the
surface information is extracted from the solid during the import process into CAM packages.
Alphacam Principles of use

The following methodology is fundamental to using alphacam.
Creating new Geometry
1. Active the required layer (Geometry is default)
2. Select the command via the Menu or Toolbar
3. Read the command line
4. Enter the required value and/or select the required position(s)
e.g.
1. Select the command GEOMETRY | Circle | Centre + Diameter

2. The command line will request you enter the required diameter type 50
3. The command line with then request the centre position either type 0,0
or pick a position on screen.
4. The command line
ne will again request you enter a diameter.
or
1. Select the command GEOMETRY | Rectangle

2. The command line with then request the first corner position either type 0,0
3. The command line with then request the second corner
rner position either type 100,100
Modifying Existing Geometry
1. Activate the required Layer (Geometry is default)
2. Select the command via the Menu or Toolbar
3. read the cmd line
4. he command requests you to SELECT items
The
5. Select the Geometry(s)/element(s) the command is to be actioned on.
6. Rclick, press<Esc> or select [Finish] to complete the selection process
7. The command prompt May requests you SELECT a position to give a direction.
eg
1. Select the command Edit | Delete

2. The command prompt requests you to SELECT items to be deleted.
3. Rclick, press<Esc> or select [Finish] to complete the selection process
4. The screen dialog request confirmation to delete the number of items selected.
or
1. Select the command Edit | Break Joine etc..| Offset

2. The Dialogg requests the offset distance and what to offset part(Line) or all(Geom)
3. The command prompt requests you to SELECT item to be offset.offset
4. command prompt requests you SELECT a position to give the offset direction
Data Entry
Whilst using alphacam it is important that you read the command message line
as this will inform you what alphacam requires you to do.
All Coordinates are specified in absolute terms using a Cartesian co-ordinate system.
Mill, Router, Stone Lathe

Data may be entered directly or by means of an expression.
e.g. (1.5*25.4) the system uses standard mathematical progression (BIDMAS)
When simplifying an expression such as 3 + 4 5 - 4(3 + 2), alphacam works it out in the
following order: brackets, (indices), division, multiplication, addition, subtraction.
The following mathematical functions are available: -
Plus + Minus - Multiply * Divide / Indices**n
SQR( ) ABS( ) MOD( , ) SIN( ) COS( ) TAN( )
EXP( ) LOG( ) LOG10( ) INT( ) ASIN( ) ACOS( )
ATAN( ) ATAN2( , ) COSH( ) SINH( ) TANH( )
This means that the user does not need an external calculator but can enter
a calculation in response to any input value
The current co-ordinates are displayed in the command line. Adding or subtracting values
from the current position allows incremental coordinates to be entered.
When a entering values in a dialog box field press the <Tab > key to move to the next
field.
Pressing <Enter > causes acceptance of all values and is the same as
selecting the [Ok] button at the bottom of the dialog box.
When using the Line command and a co-ordinate is unknown, press the <F1> [F1?] key, this
causes alphacam to respond with additional prompts in order to define the required Polar
Co-ordinate values.
Geometry Creation
ion Overview
Alphacam has up to 9 pre-defined
defined layers upon which different features are drawn.
Geometry, Construction, Tool paths, Dimensions, Splines, Surfaces, Text, Solid Model, STL.
There are additional layers, which are USER DEFINED and used to distinguish
disting differing
features. User Layers are automatically created when importing DXF or IGES files.
files
When user layers are active the data created is automatically assigned on to the sub levels
Geometry, Construction, Dimensions, Splines, Surfaces, Text. Solid Model and STL.
data can be moved between layerss using EDIT Change or the mouse using
either Drag and Drop to move or Drag and <Ctrl> Drop to copy.
copy
Preset user layers, default geometry/material and constraint parameters can be stored in
special drawing called Templates (Advance and Ultimate only).
Geometry that is to be machined must be in a continuous form, i.e. with 1

Ghost Tool. The geometry may be open or closed.
When creating Lathe Geometry it is preferable to create just the top half (X+)
and keep
p the geometry as open profiles.
Geometry that is to be used for machining can be either open or closed but must be a
continuous path.. Geometry can be converted
converted to a continuous path using
EDIT | Break, Join etc. | Join .
Join will only join elements that

th are coincident at their ends
As there are many ways in which geometry can be created. The alphacam training examples
are intended to show the different methods of geometry creation. The methods used to
create the geometry are controlled by the way in which
wh the geometric information is
presented.
The method by which the geometric contours are created is not important
providing the finished data is correct. Speed and efficiency will come
naturally with experience, knowledge and confidence.
When geometry is created, it is stored on the top level Geometry layer,, unless the
GEOMETRY | Construction is set on. If a User
ser Layer has been made active theth geometry is
stored on the Geometry or Construction sub level under the User Layer.
Layer
Construction geometry will not display a ghost tool as it is not machinable.

It is possible to move geometries from one layer to another at any time using drag and drop
in the project manager or the EDIT | Change
Chang command.
When using the drag and drop method if the <Ctrl> key is depressed when
dropping the geometry is copied.
Geometry creation methodology

When creating any geometry firstly you have to consider what is to be machined and by
what method. Produce A Process Plan. Once a machining plan has been produced you then
can plan the creation of the geometry.
Prior to planning the geometry creation you should produce the process plan.
The process plan identifies what is to be machined in what order by which
tool. This then identifies what geometry profiles need to be created.
8. Identify the location of Absolute 0,0
This is the position from which the geometry can be easily drawn, it can always be
moved to a position suitable for machining prior to outputting of the NC Code.
9. Decide on the number of the geometric profiles that are to be defined. It is only
necessary to create geometry to control any machining.
10. Within each profile look for the geometry features that can be duplicated using
Copy, Rotate, Mirror etc.
11. Consider if there is sufficient information to create the geometry and whether the
use of construction geometry would enable positions to be selected easily
avoiding complicated calculations
12. Create each profile in turn trimming, breaking, and joining as required.
13. Ensure each geometric profile is joined. Use the Ghost Tool display option to
check that each geometric profile ONLY has ONE Ghost Tool displayed.
Example:
Part Drawings
If the process plan is to machine the shoulder with an 80 diameter tool then the geometry
required is a single line.
If the process plan is to machine the shoulder with a 20 diameter tool then the geometry
required is a rectangle.
In either scenario the geometry of the part is not required apart from visual reassurance.
Function Keys
In alphacam function Keys (labelled F1 to F12) have
h particular uses.
F2 F3 F5 F6 F7
Esc F1 F4 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12

FINISH Unknown Auto Ortho Close Grid End Middle Centre Intersect Tangent Perpend Parallel
Help Snap On/Off & Snap Point Point Point Point Point Point Point
On/Off Finish On/Off
The F1 key has two uses. When used during coordinate or numerical value input it means
unknown and the system will use other entered data to calculate the unknown value. When
used other than during coordinate or numerical value input it calls the Help file.
When a snapping function is activated the Icon is attached to the cursor display and the
command line prompts for an element selection.
Snapping Functions
F2 Auto Automatically snaps to the End, Mid, Centre,
ntre, and Quadrant
positions
ositions on the selected element.
F3 Ortho Force the control to be orthogonal, (Horizontal or Vertical).
F4 Close causes the geometry line being defined to close
clo to the start
and Finish position and finish
F5 Snap Automatically snap to grid points (uses set spacing).
F6 End Snap to the nearest end point on the selected element.
F7 Middle Snap to the Midpoint on the selected element.
F8 Centre Snap to the Centre of the Circle or Arc picked.
F9 Intersect Snap to the Intersection to the TWO selected elements.
elements
(Extended Intersection).
F10 Tangent Snap to the tangent position on the picked Circle or Arc.
F11 Perp causes the control to be Perpendicular to the selected element.
F12 Parallel causes the control to be Parallel to the selected element.
Quadrant Snap to the Quadrant point to the nearest quadrant position
on the selected Circle or Arc
<Space> Space Bar Will
ill action the previously used command
2011 you can now set your own snapping function keys if required.
So that you could assign the <Q> to action quadrant snap.
Outline Alphacam
lphacam Commands
CAD style Geometry Creation options
Line Creation of continuous line entities,
Arcs Menu Creation of arc entities.
Start + Second + End
2 Points + Radius
2 Points + Centre
Start Point + Centre + Included Angle
Tangent to Line or Arc + End Point
Circles Menu Creation of circle entities.
Centre + Diameter
Centre + Radius
Centre + Point
2 Points
3 Points
Tangent Circles Radius NOT KNOWN
Tangent
gent Circles with KNOWN RADIUS
Rectangle Creation of rectangles that are defined by diagonal corner co-ordinates

co
Text Creation of text either for drawing information or machining
Edit Text Edit existing text on the drawing convert to geometry for
f machining
Special Geometries
Polygon Creation of multi-sided

multi geometries
etries values entered via a dialogue box
Ellipse Creation of ellipses relevant values entered via a dialogue box
Bolt Hole Creates a series of circles that are equi-spaced

equi spaced around a circle.
Circle
Involute Generated number of quadrants of the circle to be unwrapped.

Curve
Slot Straight slot geometry with overall length and end radius and angle.
Equi Spaced Circles and lines equally spaced along a geometry profile.
Holes
Enclosing Creates a rectangle which encloses the selected geometries

Rectangle
Modification Options
Break Allows a profile/element to be broken into separate profiles/elements.
Trim Allows geometries to be trimmed back to cutting elements
Explode Allows a profile to be broken into its individual element geometries.
Join Allows geometric elements to be joined into a continuous profile.
Extend Allows elements to be extended to meet another element.
Fillet Applies a radius of specified size between selected geometries.
Chamfer Applies a line of specified size between selected geometries.
Offset Allows a new profile/element to be created parallel to, and a set

distance away from, an existing profile/element
Extend Allows Lines/Arcs

Lines/Arc to be extended/shortened
By Distance by a specified distance or percentage of the length.
Editing Commands
Commands which Manipulation, Duplicate and Modify are in the EDIT | Move Copy etc..
etc Menu
Move move selected geometries from one position to another.

another.
Copy duplicates selected geometries to new positions
Repeat duplicates selected geometries in a linear array.
Rotate duplicate/move
/move selected geometries in a polar array.
Array duplicate selected geometries in a rectangular array.
Mirror Mirror selected geometries about a 2 point axis.
Scale Allows selected geometries to be differentially scaled in X and Y
Stretch Allows the selected geometries to be distorted using rectangular control

points, but still maintaining the orientation
orientation of the geometry.
Skew Allows the selected geometries to be distorted using rectangular control

points; the geometry is distorted up to 90 degrees about the opposite
corner to that selected.
Fabricate Commands
Cut This Breaks the selected geometries within the selected boundary
any closed boundaries that are broken are automatically reclosed
using the cutting boundary edges. All boundaries are left.
Delete This Deletes the selected geometries within the selected boundary
bou
any closed boundaries that are partially deleted are automatically
reclosed using the cutting boundary edges.
Crop This Crops the selected closed geometries to the selected

boundary the external boundaries are deleted and automatically
reclosed using the cutting boundary
Unite This Unites the selected closed geometries to form a closed outer
boundary geometry, all selected geometries are deleted.
Subtract This Deletes the selected closed geometries within the selected
boundary
ndary any closed geometries that are partially deleted are
automatically reclosed using the cutting boundary edges
Overlap This creates a closed boundary formed by the selected overlapping

closed geometries
Intersect This creates the single smallest

smallest closed boundary formed by the
selected overlapping closed geometries
Containing This creates a boundary from an enclosed area bounded by open and
Loop or closed profiles.
Control Keys
Default Control keys operate the commands via the keyboard.
keyboard
[Ctrl]+[A] VIEW | Zoom All
[Ctrl]+[B] VIEW | Zoom Previous
[Ctrl]+[C] Copy highlighted to the clipboard
[Ctrl]+[D] CAD | Dimension
[Ctrl]+[E] MACHINE | Edit Operations
[Ctrl]+[F] EDIT | Start / Order | Start Pt.
[Ctrl]+[G] VIEW | Display Options | Ghost Tool
[Ctrl]+[H] EDIT | Change
[Ctrl]+[I] FILE | Input CAD
[Ctrl]+[L] FILE | List NC Code
[Ctrl]+[M] FILE | Clear Memory
[Ctrl]+[N] FILE | New
[Ctrl]+[O] FILE | Open
[Ctrl]+[P] FILE | Printer/Plotter
[Ctrl]+[R] VIEW | Refresh
[Ctrl]+[S] FILE | Save
[Ctrl]+[T] GEOMETRY | Text
[Ctrl]+[U] CAD | User Layers
[Ctrl]+[V] Paste data from clipboard
[Ctrl]+[W] VIEW | Zoom Window
[Ctrl]+[Z] EDIT | Undo
[Ctrl]+[Ins] FILE | Insert
[Ctrl]+[Del] EDIT | Delete
[Ctrl]+[J] [K] [Q] [X] [Y] do nothing.
Key stroke sequences can be associated to

any alphacam command under the Keyboard
customisation, (R click in the Button Bar
boarder).
CAD/CAM terms
CAD Library Files - Non-formatted files containing only electronic geometry. Files are saved
in iges, dxf or dwg formats and can be imported into a customer's CAD/CAM system.
DXF - An acronym for Drawing Exchange Format, it is a file format for the exchange of CAD
information (usually 2D).
DWG is AutoCAD's native file format for their CAD drawings, this format internal changes
as each new version is created.
IGES - An acronym for Initial Graphics Exchange Specification. It is a file format for the
exchange of CAD information (both 2D and 3D). A 3D iges file contains surface information
and details of a part.
ACIS - Is a geometric modelling kernel provided by Spatial Technology. It supports surfaces
and solids and is based upon NURBS and B-Rep solid modelling.
B-Spline - A sequence of parametric polynomial curves (typically quadratic or cubic
polynomials) forming a smooth fit between a sequence of points in 3D space. The defined
curve maintains a level of mathematical continuity dependent upon the polynomial degree
chosen. It is used extensively in mechanical design applications in the automotive and
aerospace industries.
Coons Patch is a mathematical method for defining a surface from 3 or 4 curves which
form its boundary.
Fillet Surface Is the transitional radial surface which blends together two surfaces.
Swept Surface Is the surface generated when one geometry is swept along another.
Revolved Surface - Is the surface generated when one geometry is rotated around an axis
geometry.
NURBS - Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines are mathematical representation of curved
geometric data.
STL - stereo lithography format is an ASCII or binary file used in manufacturing. It is a list
of the triangular surfaces that describe a computer generated solid model.
Note - The more triangles the better the model the bigger its data size.
PARASOLID - A geometric modelling kernel provided by Unigraphics Solutions Inc. It
supports 3D surfaces and solids and is based upon NURBS and B-Rep solid modelling
technology.
Rational curves:- (NURBS, for example) can represent conic sections exactly as well as
free-form curves. Non rational curves cannot do this.
2D - Two-Dimensional Refers to an object or drawing having no depth, a common short
term for CAD software supporting planar representation like the drafting table, usually X and
Y coordinates.
3D - Three-Dimensional, a common short term for a CAD software supporting spatial
representation like the actual world, usually X, Y and Z coordinates.
Support Portal
The support portal is the preferred method by which you should access the customer
support engineers, as well as lots of information related to product support.
To register as a support portal user you need to go to the alphacam support portal login
page. You can access this via the alphacam web site through Alphacam support, or you can
use the URL below:
http://customers.planit.com/Public/login.aspx
Use the Create new account option if you dont already have an account registered.
Once entered, the administration department will process your request. Once processed, an
activation email will be sent to your personnel email address.
Accessing the Global Support Portal

Upon receipt of your temporary Username and Password, access the global support portal
login page. To access the site, enter the following the URL:
http://customers.planit.com/Public/login.aspx
Enter your User Name and Password into the relevant fields. If you have forgotten
password then select forgotten password.
When you access the site for the first time will be prompted to change your
password
Note; if you are having difficulty accessing the system or you need help with
your Username and Password then please do not hesitate to contact
portal.registration@planit.com whereupon a Planit representative will be able
to help you.
Entry into Global Support and Service Portal
When accessing the global support and service portal, you are guided automatically to the
home page as default.
This provides a site map of the support services, each item will open the relevant web pages
to provide you assess to be able to create your own Cases, search knowledgebase, and
much more.
The Planit global support and service portal provides full end-user functionality, with virtually
no limitations whatsoever and has been specifically designed to provide you with an efficient
support service.
If you select the technical Support Cases item, this will display your support cases page.
Selecting New Case allows you to create a new case for support.
All field marked | are mandatory and the relevant data must be entered/selected.
The support portal provides you with lots of relevant information with respect to the brand of
software, through the Knowledge Base and the frequently ask Questions sections.
Prerequisite training test.
This test must be completed before attending

It should take less than 10 Minutes but there is no time limit.
A copy of the test will be emailed to you.
You MUST bring this with you when you attend the office based training course.
URL for the test is:
www.alphacam.com/alp_trg_prq
Version amendments
Software Amended
Amendment Description V Version Date
Update to new GUI 1A2 2010 R1 10/10/2009
Add Section reference the support portal 1A3 2101 R1 25/11/2009
Update to new Front cover and page layout 1A4 2010 R1 14/12/2009
Update to new format new tool bars and fabricate details added 2A2 2011 R1 06/12/2010
Update as portal access and login changed 2A3 2011 R1 31/01/2011
Purpose of Alphacam added 2A4 2011 R1 08/02/2011
Indices added to data input page 2A5 2011 R1 04/05/2011
Reformat to new branding and modify with pre-requisite data 3A0 2012 R1 01/02/2012
Review proof read and add new images configure options added. 3A1 2012 R1 29/02/2012
Truning environment added + turning solids 3A2 2012R1 30/03/2012
Notes
Notes
Notes
Notes
Notes
Notes

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Graphics Screen and Menu Layout ................................................................

Alphacam Principles of use ............................................................................ 32

Conventions used in this guide

This is a note. It contains useful or additional information.

This is a reference. It directs you to another part of the user guide.

This is a thought box. It is generally used in exercises and contains a

This contains important information that you must not ignore.

This is a tip. It is generally used in exercises and offers further advice.

1 This is the first line a number list item

Recommended Operating Systems and Hardware for Alphacam

Windows NT, 95,98 and ME are not supported operating systems

Process Options controlled by Alphacam

This document is an overview of the alphacam system and should be used in

Aims & Objectives

Alphacam Hardware Overview

The right button will be referred to as R-click in the training documentation.

Alphacam supports 3D connexion 3D control units.

Computer Filing System

Filenames will be printed in lowercase in the documentation.

Directory names will be printed in uppercase in the documentation

Alphacam Directory Structure

it is preferable to have the autosave folder stored locally on the users PC

The LICOMDAT and LICOMDIR directories need to be backed up

Alphacam File Extensions

Graphics Screen and Menu Layout

The Project Manager

The pages available are dependent upon module being used. .

Edit Modification, Duplication and Manipulation of existing geometry

Geometry Geometry creation commands. Line,Arc,Circle,Rectangle, Fast Geometry, etc

3D- Create Work Volumes, Work Planes and other 3D options.

CAD Dimensioning, Hatching, User Layer and Line type Control

Machine Machining setup, Cutting operations, Toolpath manipulation

Constraints Allows you to create parameterised drawings.

Solid Model Allows Feature Extraction from solid models

Toolbar & Keyboard Configuration

Vector Graphics Display

Turning Coordinates Environment

Only necessary to draw the Positive Diameter half.

1 = Ruled Surface, 2 =Swept Surface, 3 = Revolved Surface, 4 = Patched Surface.

Alphacam Principles of use

1. Select the command GEOMETRY | Circle | Centre + Diameter

1. Select the command GEOMETRY | Rectangle

1. Select the command Edit | Delete

1. Select the command Edit | Break Joine etc..| Offset

Mill, Router, Stone Lathe

Geometry that is to be machined must be in a continuous form, i.e. with 1

Join will only join elements that

Construction geometry will not display a ghost tool as it is not machinable.

Geometry creation methodology

Esc F1 F4 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12

Line Creation of continuous line entities,

Arcs Menu Creation of arc entities.

Start + Second + End

Start Point + Centre + Included Angle

Tangent to Line or Arc + End Point

Circles Menu Creation of circle entities.

Tangent Circles Radius NOT KNOWN

Rectangle Creation of rectangles that are defined by diagonal corner co-ordinates

Text Creation of text either for drawing information or machining