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LA BIOLOGIA
UN NUEVO ORDEN MUNDIAL
(Propuesta desarrollada en la Facultad
"Enrique Ortega Moreira" de Ciencias Mdicas de la
Universidad Espritu Santo de Guayaquil y presentada
en el Evento Acadmico y Poltico "UN MUNDO SIN
MUROS", en Berln el7 de Noviembre de 2009)
Alfredo Palacio
2010
Traduccin: Andrea Wright de Arosemena
Supervisin: Monica D. Reynoso, M.A., Decana
Escuela de Traduccin e Interpretacin
Facultad de Estudios Internacionales, UEES
Reservados los derechos de autor de acuerdo ala ley de Propiedad Intelectual, sin embargo,
la Universidad de Especialidades Espritu Santo (UEES) autoriza la reproduccin parcial de
este libro, cuando se trate de citas acadmicas o periodsticas, debiendo especificarse
la referencia del autor, ttulo de la obra y, adems, Que se trata de una publicacin de la
UEES.
LA BIOLOGA. UN NUEVO ORDEN MUNDIAL
La Biologa. Un nuevo orden mundial, es el primero de una serie de trabajos
y propuestas de investigacin que el Dr. Alfredo Palacio viene desarrollando
al interior de la Facultad "Enrique Ortega Moreira" de Ciencias Mdicas de la
UEES; lo que plantea en esta primera entrega vali para que el Instituto para
la Diplomacia Cultural (ICO) y CivWorld/Demos, dirigido por el Seor Mark
Oonfried, invite al Dr. Alfredo Palacio, ex Presidente Constitucional del Ecuador
y actualmente Presidente del Consejo Rector Acadmico Cientfico de la UEES,
a participar en el evento acadmico poltico "UN MUNDO SIN MUROS" en
celebracin del vigsimo aniversario de la cada del muro, en Berln, del 6 al 9
de noviembre del 2009.
El evento se realiz con xito, con alto nivel de invitados polticos, acadmicos
y ex - Jefes de Estados.
Ni siquiera ha sido capaz de recuperar la paz que ha sido pulverizada por las
guerras mundiales y sus sucedneos locales. En estricto sentido debemos
hablar de la conquista de la paz -y no de su recuperacin- porque nunca la
hemos tenido globalmente. Pero, eso no disminuye la magnitud del fracaso de
las naciones de la tierra, reunidas el siglo pasado alrededor de una organizacin,
que se inaugur proclamando su fe en la paz. Todos los pueblos del mundo
fueron convencidos que la paz era suficiente para solucionar todos los dems
problemas del hombre y del planeta. Nuestra historia demuestra que el problema
debi plantearse con una retroalimentacin inversa. La paz es consecuencia -y
no causa- de las otras variables que han sido tratadas con indiferencia. Ese fue
el error ingenuo, irreflexivo o maligno. La paz no produce salud, bienestar y una
economa planetaria armnica. Todo lo contrario: El tratamiento sin retroceso
de estos problemas es condicin sine qua non para lograr -algn da- la paz
mundial y su postergacin es la causa (variable X) ms visible, que explica su
ausencia (variable Y). Por esta razn, la paz (variable Y) nunca existi, a pesar
de la Carta de las Naciones Unidas, de sus Resoluciones, de los innumerables
tratados de paz, y de armarse hasta los dientes como premisa (intimidatoria
o disuasiva) de defender la paz. Error de planteamiento del problema en su
relacin causa/efecto.
El resto de la historia era inevitable. La paz de las Naciones Unidas fue la misma
de la guerra fra, que el mismo Eco llama "paz beligerante" o "beligerancia
pacfica" comparable a la pax romana, la pax americana, la pax sovitica, la pax
otomana, la pax china.
BIOLOGIA
Una herramienta indispensable para un nuevo orden mundial.
Una perspectiva sudamericana de la globalizacin.
En el vigsimo aniversario de la cada del muro de Berln.
ALFREDO PALACIO
INTRODUCCION
Mis primeras palabras son un saludo y un homenaje a Berln, la ciudad que Andreas
Huyssen llama el "texto a ser escrito, borrado y reescrito interminablemente".
La ciudad de los vacos, del muro levantado y derrumbado. La ciudad de historia
gloriosa y olvidos obligados, ciudad de grandeza e inmensas contradicciones,
intensa, con identidad arquitectnica llena de smbolos y cdigos que tejen una
semiologa provocativa, indescifrable e irreal, que primero llega al corazn y
luego al entendimiento. Huyssen nos impone lecturas obligadas. Nos trae a
la memoria a Italo Calvino para delinear una ciudad invisible, con un prisma de
rayos y bruma, atravs del cual podemos ver y admirar Berln. Trae poesa desde
el fondo de los agujeros negros, en los que la historia ha armado y desarmado,
el levantamiento y la cada de los estados alemanes. Berln, la capital de la
reunificacin, representa el paradigma de la paz de nuestro tiempo; por ello,
los ciudadanos del mundo la respetan y la aman. Es una ciudad espejo. Espejo
de muchas ciudades. Espejo para los ciudadanos de todas las naciones del
mundo, que tienen el sueo universal del derrumbamiento a conciencia de todos
los muros invisibles, que todava nos dividen, y de la iluminacin de todos los
vacos oscuros donde la vida sigue siendo un misterio.
Los berlineses saben mejor que nadie que, luego del coraje y valenta para
derrumbar muros, es necesario tener una inmensa dosis de inteligencia
emocional para ayudar a curar las heridas que quedan en los espacios antes
ocupadOS por muros fsicos o metafricos, visibles o invisibles.
A esta significativa reunin "Un Mundo Sin Muros", aqu en Berln, vengo a
proponerles derribarlos sin provocar vacos, heridas o brechas.
Qu pOdra ser mejor que la bella serenidad de nuestro planeta azul, la multitud
de paisajes de sus tierras, mares, cielos, cascadas, ros, arboles, flores, pjaros,
ballenas, delfines, vida, su gente --diversa, creativa, ingeniosa?
Cmo puede no ser bella la cuna de Miguel Angel, Walt Whitman, Neruda,
Beethoven, Berthold Bretch, Stravinsky, Rubinstein, Wagner, Mandela, Ang Lee,
Marie Curie, Marlene Dietrich, Herta Mller y Rigoberta Mench y muchas otras
mujeres bellas y amadas que todos tenemos en nuestro corazn? A travs de
sus ojos descubrimos la vida secreta de nuestro maravilloso universo. Fue ah
y entonces que aprendimos que lo que hace a este mundo bello y diferente es la
vida, preservada, perpetuada y celebrada en el Amor.
Sin embargo hoy por hoy, cabe plantearnos la pregunta, quin debe preservar
la Vida en nombre de la Vida misma. Quin nos representa a nosotros, la
especie humana, ya las naciones del mundo? i Debemos ser nosotros, es decir,
todas las naciones unidasl
Por qu los esfuerzos que hemos realizado para evitar la violencia en todas sus
formas no han aportado los resultados deseados?
Por qu las Naciones Unidas, con todas sus leyes y reglamentos internacionales,
sus sucursales, programas y agencias a nivel mundial, no han podido corregir
un mundo desequilibrado, hostil, violento e irreverente con la vida?
Por qu no se han lograda los objetivos y metas del milenio, definidos por
Naciones Unidas, aquellos que el planeta debera alcanzar para el ao 2015?
RESPUESTAS:
1. Se ha dicho que la razn por la cual los organismos internacionales
no han tenido xito se debe a la falta de fuerza coercitiva necesaria para obligar
a los pases y partes respetar sus principios y resoluciones. Puede ser cierto.
No obstante, no podemos continuar invocando la racionalidad de la fuerza.
Tampoco podemos justificar el ejercicio totalitario del veto de un gobierno frente
a una resolucin general y justa.
Es momento de iniciar una conversacin seria acerca de cmo eliminar los muros
visibles e invisibles del mundo, que nos permita equilibrar nuestro planeta.
Cada nacin del mundo, dbil o fuerte, debera comprometer sus esfuerzos para
alcanzar sus metas.
Una Biosociedad
Tratar sobre la biologa de nuestro planeta va mucho ms all del debate sobre
programas no conectados, tales como control de enfermedades infecciosas,
epidemias, nutricin, polticas de salud o programas ambientales. El debate
debe considerar a la Biologa como una herramienta e instrumento para
crear una nueva sociedad. La biologa molecular trajo el crecimiento de la
biotecnologa. En muchas naciones ricas, la biotecnologa compite con otras
industrias, incluyendo la de los armamentos. Es tiempo de que la biologa se
convierta en el dominio universal e iniciemos debates hacia la consecucin de
una Biosociedad.
Por lo tanto, propongo un nuevo orden mundial, uno basado en tres pilares:
Pero debemos ser justos y reconocer los esfuerzos realizados. Durante la difcil
dcada del '70 se lograron dos importantes resoluciones:
Sin embargo, dos tercios del periodo para cumplir con el ODM han transcurrido
y podemos afirmar que no se lograr. Unos pocos objetivos se han alcanzado,
pero otros han retrocedido. El progreso registrado no es uniforme. Todava
existe disparidad entre pases e incluso dentro de algunos.
Las Naciones Unidas deben exigir el desarme sin ms demora como una
condicin esencial para la paz. Adicionalmente, recuperaramos el trilln y
medio de dlares actualmente invertido en armas que se podran destinar a
cumplir con los Objetivos del Milenio. La condicin esencial necesaria para
acabar con la pobreza mundial, primer objetivo del ODM, es tener hombres
y mujeres saludables, capaces de transformarse en ciudadanos educados y
productivos. La biologa es el sustrato real y ms slido de los objetivos del
Milenio. Una fraccin del presupuesto monumental y absurdo destinado a las
armas debera dedicarse a la investigacin cientfica pura y su aplicacin a la
biotecnologa. Esto har la diferencia en el cumplimiento de estos Objetivos.
Los gobiernos del mundo, en particular aquellos con un producto interno bruto
bajo, con un ndice de desarrollo humano pobre y un alto ndice de Gini, deberan
recibir subvenciones que les permitan dirigir proyectos de investigacin
La pobreza, la enfermedad
La pobreza y la enfermedad constituyen el crculo vicioso de la vida y la muerte
en el mundo subdesarrollado.
GlOBALlZACIN
Compromiso Ecumnico
Hay una razn adicional para que la biologa sea el sustento de un Nuevo Orden
Mundial.
El siglo veinte vio como la fsica nuclear surga. As, se cristaliz el sueo del
cientfico, la fsica como vehculo que lleva el mundo hacia la era moderna y el
bienestar humano. Pero la idea original se desvi y la fsica nuclear se convirti
Esta podra ser la primera vez que a los ciudadanos del mundo se les pida
defenderse cooperando mutuamente. Esta es la primera vez que no hay
enemigo. No hay personas en contra de personas. No hay rivalidades entre
religiones o de ecologistas con pases petroleros. Esta es una propuesta para
todas las naciones, para cualquier sistema de gobierno actual, ya sea de libre
empresa, socialista, comunista, republicano, reinado, comunidad o personas
que buscan una profunda transformacin de sus vidas.
Habiendo dicho esto, cierro mi caso, les agradezco y espero haber tenido la
suficiente sabidura para llegar a sus mentes y corazones.
PUBLICACIONES:
A) Trabajo Cientfico
1. Estudio comparativo de la banda y la bicicleta ergo mtrica en las pruebas
graduadas de esfuerzo. Rev. Arg. Cardio. 45: 106, 1977.
2. La pletismografa digital en la medicin del tiempo de eyeccin ventricular
durante las pruebas graduadas de es1uerzo. Rev. Arg. de Cardio. 46: 140,
1978.
3. Diagnstico ecocardiogrfico de la endocarditis bacteriana. Rev. Ecuatoriana
de Higiene y Medicina Tropical. 3.0: 297,1977.
4. Proteccin del miocardio isqumico. Anales de Medicina y Ciruga 1: 172,
1978.
5. Ruptura de cuerda tendinosa: Diagnstico ecocardiogrfico. Anales de
Medicina y Ciruga 2: 279, 1979.
6. Transposicin corregida de los grandes vasos: Diagnstico
electrocardiogr1ico. Anales de Medicina y Ciruga 2: 304,1979.
7. Fibrilacin auricular paroxstica: Cardioversin con marcapaso intraesofgico.
Tribuna Mdica 25: 257, 1978.
8. Pruebas graduadas de esfuerzo en la cardiopata isqumica. Tribuna Mdica
16: 29, 1978.
9. Aneurisma disecante de la aorta: Presentacin de dos casos. Anales de
Medicina y Ciruga 2: 257, 1978.
10. Tratamiento moderno del infarto agudo del miocardio. Anales de Medicina
y Ciruga 2: 287,1978.
B) Libros
1. Atlas de Ecocardiografa Bidimensional. Editorial PLM, Mxico, D. F. Octubre
1981.
2. Atlas of 2-Dimensional echocardiography. Editorial Yorke Medical Books.
Marzo 1983.
3. Cardiopata Isqumica. Prueba de esfuerzo y prescripcin del ejercicio.
Editado por el Banco Central del Ecuador. Enero 1986.
4. Incidencia de las Enfermedades Cardiovasculares en Hospitales de la Provincia
del Guayas. Editado Vice-rectorado Acadmico Universidad de Guayaquil.
Noviembre 1990.
5. Hacia ... Un Humanismo Cientfico. Edited by Smith Kline Beecham, Guayaquil
- Ecuador Julio 1997.
6. Salud Un derecho para todos? - Quito abril del 2005 Editado por Itapoa.
7. SALUD, el derecho de todos (en tres idiomas ingls, espaol, kichua) Quito
Junio 2006 Editado por Itapoa.
8. Salud para el siglo 21 (en dos idiomas ingls y espaol) Quito Septiembre
2006.
SOCIEDADES CIENTFICAS:
Sociedad Mdico Quirrgica del Guayas, 1971.
Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Medicina Interna, 1971.
Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Cardiologa, 1975.
Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Especialistas del Trax. Captulo del American College
of Chest Physicians. 1974.
Fellow del American College of Cardiology, 1974.
Miembro correspondiente de la Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiologa, 1982.
Miembro fundador de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Cardiologa Peditrica,
1982.
Miembro del Comit Editorial de la Revista "Ultrasonidos" Editada in Madrid-
Espaa.
Socio Honorario de la Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Radiologa, 1982.
Miembro de la Academia de Ciencias de New York. 1984.
Fellow del American College of Chest Physicians. 1983.
Miembro de la Comunidad Cientfica Ecuatoriana. 1984.
Miembro del Comit Editorial Ultrasonidos. Revista de Ecocardiografa en
Medicina. Madrid, Espaa.
Fellow del American College of Physicians, 1991.
Miembro de la Academia Ecuatoriana de Medicina, 1995
Profesor Emrito de la Universidad de San Francisco de Quito.
PREMIOS:
Premio del American Medical Association por puntaje alcanzado al trmino del
entrenamiento en Estados Unidos. 1976.
Premio al Mrito Cientfico otorgado por el Muy Ilustre Concejo Cantonal de
Guayaquil, por su destacada labor cientfica. Octubre, 1982.
Premio Eugenio Espejo, otorgado por el Muy Ilustre Concejo Municipal de
Quito al mejor libro publicado en Ciencias Biolgicas. Diciembre, 1982.
Premio al Mrito Cientfico otorgado por el Muy Ilustre Concejo Cantonal de
Guayaquil, por su destacada labor cientfica. Octubre, 1987.
"Premio de Reconocimiento Mdico y Cientfico" Academia Ecuatoriana de
Medicina. Quito, Ecuador 1995.
"Premio de reconocimiento Patritico" (Medalla) Por la asistencia mdica
prestada a las tropas en el "Alto Cenepa" 1995.
"Premio de Reconocimiento" (Medalla) Defensa Civil Nacional del Ecuador
1996.
CONDECORACIONES:
1995 "Al Mrito Atahualpa" en el grado de Comendador, Ministerio de Defensa
Nacional.
1996 "Reconocimiento al Mrito" Defensa Civil Nacional Ecuatoriana.
1996 "Reconocimiento al Mrito" en el grado de Gran Cruz, Presidencia de la
Repblica.
1996 "Reconocimiento al Mrito" en el grado de Gran Cruz, Ministerio de
Defensa Nacional.
2005 "Jos Mascote" Asociacin Mdica Panamericana, Captulo Guayaquil-
Ecuador.
2005 Condecoracin Gobierno Provincial del Carchi.
2005 Condecoracin al Mrito Municipalista AME.
2005 Condecoracin al Mrito de Chile en el Grado de Collar, Repblica de
Chile.
2006 Condecoracin 7 de Octubre 2006 Gobierno Municipal Cantn Quevedo.
2006 "Al Mrito Atahualpa" en el Grado de Gran Cruz, Ministerio de Defensa
Nacional.
2006 "Medalla de la Integracin en el Grado de Gran Cruz", otorga el Parlamento
BIOLOGY
A NEW WORlD ORDER
(Proposal developed at the "Enrique Ortega Moreira"
College of Medical Sciences, Espritu Santo University
of Guayaquil and delivered at the Academie and Po-
litieal Conference "A WORLD WITHOUT WALLS", in
Berlin on November 7, 2009)
Alfredo Palacio
2010
Translation: Andrea Wright de Arosemena
Supervision: Monica O. Reynoso, MA, Oean
School of Foreign Languages and Applied Linguistics
College of International Studies, UEES
AII rights reserved. However, Espiritu Santo University authorizes partial reproduction
01 this textbook lar briel quotations lar academic or journalistic purpases so long as it
mentions the name 01 the author and the title, and indicates that it is a UEES publication.
BIOLOGY. A NEW WORLD ORDER
Bi%gy. A New Wor/d Order, is the first of a series of papers and research
proposals developed by Or. Alfredo Palacio at the "Enrique Ortega Moreira"
College of Medical Sciences at UEES. The worldview presented in this particular
pUblication called the attention of Mr Mark Oonfried, Chairman of the Institute for
Cultural Oiplomacy (ICO) and CivWorld/Oemos, who invited Or. Alfredo Palacio,
former Constitutional President of Ecuador and current President of the UEES
Academic & Scientific Council to speak at the academic-political conference
"A WORLD WITHOUT WALLS" held in Berlin, Nov 6-9, 2009, celebrating the
twentieth anniversary of the fall of the Berlin wall.
The event was a success, with high-Ievel guests including politicians, academics,
and former Heads of State.
This failed system has even failed to resto re the peace that has been lost in
world wars and other battles. We shall talk about conquering peace instead of
attempting to resto re it since we have never had it on a globallevel. However, this
does not any way decrease the failure of the Earth's nations who, last century,
united as an organization to proclaim their faith in Peace. AII the peoples of the
world were convinced that Peace was enough to solve all of mankind's problems
as well as those of the planet. Our history shows that the problem should have
been viewed from the opposite point of view. Peace is a consequence, and not a
cause, of the other variables that have been dealt with indifference. This is a na"ive,
thoughtless or malignant mistake. Peace does not bring about health, harmony
or a well-balanced world economy. On the contrary: dealing with these issues
is a sine qua non condition in order to achieve, some day, world peace and its
delay is the most visible cause (variable x) that explains its absence (variable Y).
For this reason, Peace (variable Y) has actually never existed, despite the United
Nations Charter, its Resolutions and the numerous peace treaties forged and the
erroneous principie of stockpiling weapons (for intimidation or dissuasion) as
a means to defend peace. The cause/effect relation of this problem has been
mistakenlyapproached.
The problem is not only methodological, but rather mainly ethical and political.
Umberto Eco states that it is necessary to speak ill of war as well as of peace. He
states that the cold war was not a period of pea ce but a period for establishing
a "terror balance" which guaranteed a notorious stability in the first and second
worlds at a price of so me temporary or endemic wars in the third world. This
is the argument of Eco supporting that the Cold War was a transition between
the paleowar and the neowar (Afghanistan, Kosovo and the Gulf War). During
this transition -continues Eco in his impeccable analysis- terrorism arises, and
The United Nations comes from a dystocic birth with a manipulated and modified
genetic code that did not mark the basic instinct of defending life and conditions
to preserve and guarantee it on our planet. In its place, we have a phenotype
that claims to defend peace, weapons included, this is at the price of life.
The rest of the story was inevitable. The Peace of the United Nations was the
same of the Cold War, which Eco refers to as "belligerent peace" or "pacific
belligerence" only comparable to the Pax Romana, the Pax Americana, the Pax
Sovietica, the Pax Ottomana, or the Pax Sinica.
However, the United Nations constitute the only institution that may represent
the species to achieve the global never achieved Pax. The condition is that this
and other organizations such as the WHO undergo a biological transformation
or metamorphosis. The latter view is supported in an enlightened essay of
Edgar Morin who claims that it needs to be transformed into a living, organic
meta-system. Therefore Biology shall become the fundamental element of a
new world arder, that should begin with a gradual disarmament, but total, and
by substituting war and weapon budgets with funding for Biology. One planet
walking away from death, leaving the deadly shell of weaponry and rebirthing to
life. Some say this is a utopia, well, it is not. It is the same biological principie of
a caterpillar transforming into a beautiful butterfly. It is about the metamorphosis
that Morin calls for and that the whole species calls for in defense of Life on
Earth.
And we should get ahead of Einstein's sentence, let us not wait for the fourth
world war to confront each other with sticks and stones. If someone cannot
control its basic instinct and wishes for a third neowar or persists on the
paleowars, then let them carry that out using the weapons of premonition and
not any others. We shall use those great resources of Earth to defend and
protect it, not to destroy it.
ALFREDO PALACIO
INTRODUCTlON
My first words are a greeting and homage to Berlin, the city that Andreas
Huyssen calls the text to be written, erased, and rewritten endlessly; the city
of the voids, of the raised and torn down wall. The city with a glorious history
and obligated forgettings, city of the grandeur and great contradictions, an
intense city, with architecture that identifies it, but fuI! of symbols and codes,
that weave provocative semiotics, indecipherable, surreal, which first arrives
at the heart and afterwards the understanding. Huyssen imposes obligated
readings. He brings Italo Calvino to our memory to delineate an invisible city,
with a prism of rays and mist, through which, we may see and admire Berlin.
He draws poetry from the bottom of black holes, in which history has armed and
disarmed the emergence and the fal! of the German states. Berlin, the capital
of the reunification, represents the paradigm of peace of our time; hence the
citizens of the world, respect it and love it. l1's a mirror city. Mirror of many cities.
Mirror for the citizens of all the nations of the world, that universally dream with
the conscientious tearing down of all the invisible walls, that still divide US, and
with the illumination of all of the voids in which life remains a mystery.
The Berliners know more than anyone else, that after the courage and boldness
of tearing down walls, it's necessary to have an enormous dose of emotional
intelligence, to help heal the wounds left in the spaces previously occupied by
walls; physical or metaphorical, visible or invisible walls.
Poverty is an insurmountable gap that still exists. The Free Trade Agreement that
globalization postulates, is based on the competition of a rich nation with a poor
nation. It's like a heavy weight entering the ring to fight with a light weight. You
may predict the results.
The gap 01 disease is there, and still growing. A sick person cannot compete
in a globalized world.
In this significant reunion "A World without Walls" here in Berlin, I come to
formulate befo re you a proposition to tear down these walls, without provoking
voids, wounds or gaps.
My proposition is a new world order, in which its new fundamental axis will
be biology.
1 come from Ecuador, a small country in the middle of the world. 1 speak for
myself, but my voice could be that of the almost 400 million south Americans,
that live on 8 mili ion square kilometers, where we own a quarter of the worlds
fresh water, have rich mineral wealth, energy, and food; colossal mountains,
sweet plains, endless deserts, we cross the equator to the north and reach the
south pole. We are bathed and nourished in the two largest oceans. Never the
less, some of its regions are the realm of inequality and it seems as, if a wall
separates us 1rom the rest 01 the World and 1rom the 21 st Century, a black hole
of time and space.
What could surpass the beautiful serenity of our blue planet, the multitude of
sceneries of its lands, seas, skies, falls, rivers, trees, flowers, birds, whales,
dolphins, life, diverse people, ingenious people, creator people?
We easily come to the conclusion that, the only way to preserve our planet is to
preserve Life.
But today, we should ask ourselves, who should preserve life in the name of life
itself? Who represents us, the species, and the nations of the world? It must be
us, ourselves, all nations united!
I have no doubt in my mind that the United Nations represents us; it was created
with the purpose to preserve peace among human beings. However, we have
not achieved peace, and life is still threatened by extreme levels of violence. A
concealed form of violence is present in underdeveloped countries in the
form of poverty, sickness and death from preventable and curable diseases.
A biological map revealed a concealed form of violence against an immense
number of children, women and men of the poor nations of the world.
Open forms of violence are still generalized practices around the world. Believe
it or not; violence, war, armaments, terrorism, and nuclear weapons still remain
as very important issues, on the rhetoric agenda of every summit, convention or
meeting, after mili ion years of evolution of the human intelligence.
There is a clear link between open and concealed violence, because the flow of
resources devoted to war and armaments are resources that the world does not
No. It is difficult for the voiceless on the other side of the abyss or behind the
walls, to find a legitimate space within the International Organizations. Many
times, the threat surpasses the vocation and the limitations of rich nations, the
public body, and the International treaties.
Why, efforts we have made to avoid violence in all its forms, not produced the
results we were hoping for7
Why has the United Nations, with all of its international laws and rules; with
If the United Nations has implemented the objectives and goals of the millennium,
that the planet should achieve by 2015, why can they not fulfill them?
Why does the ghost of war continue to blacken the world's skies, and now with
the sinister company of terrorism and organized crime?
ANSWERS:
1. It has been said that the reason, International organisms have not
succeeded, is due to the lack of a coercive force, needed to make
countries or parties respect their principies and resolutions. It may
be so. But we cannot continue invocating the rationality of the force
Neither should they justify a totalitarian exercise of the veto of a
government befo re a general and just resolution.
The United Nations urgently need a profound restructure of its form and contents
and it should be done as soon as possible.
Every nation in the world, weak or strong, should commit their full effort to
achieve that goal.
Biosociety
Discussing the biology of our planet, goes far beyond the discussion of
unconnected programs, such as infectious diseases control, epidemics, nutrition,
health policies or environmental programs. The discussion should envision,
biology as a tool and instrument to create a new society. Molecular biology
brought the growth of biotechnology. In many wealthy nations, biotechnology
competes with other industries, including armament. It is time that biology
beco mes a universal domain and that we start to discuss a Bio-society.
Therefore, I propose that the new world order, be based on three pillars:
When biology is the fundamental principie of the society of nations, then the
absurd economic figures that I am going to mention wil/ be indefensible by any
law or economical treaty. Until now, internationallaw and economy has ignored
the biology of the planet. This ignorance allows the existence of a strong link
between open and concealed violence.
The United Nations has an operant expenditure of 1.9 billion dollars. The total
global expenditure ot al! ot its agencies is 27 billion. It corresponds to $4 per
cap ita annually.
The world's military expenditure in 2008 reached the chil/ing figure of 1.5 tril/ion
dol/ars, according to the Stockolm International Peace Research Institute. In
other words 2.4% of the world's wealth. It corresponds to an annual expenditure
of $217 per capita.
But let's be fair and recognize the efforts that we have made. During the difficult
1970's two important resolutions were made.
The first was the constitution of the Official Development Assistance Project
(ODA), and the resolution of the UN's General Assembly, that consisted,
on having the industrialized countries of the North contribute 0.7% of their
respective Gross Domestic Product to the development of the poor countries.
Unfortunately, by 2000 not much of these resolutions and goals were reached.
A possible reason to consider for such a failure, might be a sort of a shatter
proof wall, dividing or even isolating the concepts, structuring the aforesaid
resolutions. The division between the economic matters and social concerns,
rest on each side of the unbreakable wall, maybe because they were conceived,
as if they were two irreconcilable ideas appertaining to two independent projects.
But the reality, is that they need each other; because they feed each other,
and to think it otherwise, reflects the fact, that intentions and objectives remain
disconnected, highlighting the world's schizophrenic personality.
In search of the correction of these failures from 2000, the world took new
initiatives, grouped under the same two social and economic trends.
The Macro economy and Health Comision, address the problem from both social
and economic aspects.
In the same year (2000), United Nations celebrated the summit of the millennium,
in which the project MDG "Millennium Development Goals" was born and it is
suppose to be met by 2015.
The United Nations calculated an annual MDG cost of 50 billion dollars, which
should be finance with funds provided mainly by the ODA programo It seems
like a lot of money, when compared to the annual budget of the UN, but it is
nothing compared to what is spent on war.
The ODA project, the recommendations of the Macro Economy and Health
commission, and the MDG, painfully fails today, as we near the end of 2009.
The Mitsubishi Institute revealed in a study made public in 2003, that only 3.4%
of the ODA project has been invested in health. I remind you that the average
contribution of each country is around 0.2%.
Never the less, two thirds of the time period, to have fulfilled the MDG have
expired, and we can affirm that they will not be reached. A few goals have been
met, but others have regressed. The registered progress is not uniformo There
still exists disparity among countries and even within some.
I think the absence of principies, the conceptual divorce, and the lack of funding
are the roots of the problem.
The paradox of our time, is that while these dreams vanish, new nightmares
arise together with war, terrorism, and crime.
In 1995 the WTO replaced the GATT and introduced new disciplines in the
service sector, and in intellectual property, permitting the Trade Related Aspects
of Intellectual property (TRIPS); which relates to the innovation, production,
distribution, and commercialization of pharmaceutical drugs and biological
products. This creates a very cruel monopolization of healthcare. If the WTO
does not believe enough in life, they should at least realize that the decision to
freely allow biological patents is against free trade.
The migration problem deserves a lot of attention because the traffic of persons
has beco me modern slavery.
The governments of the world, in particular those with a low gross domestic
product, with poor human development index and high Gini Index, should
receive grants, to enable them to direct needed research projects.
Science and Health are universal rights, but their spiraling increase of cost and
the abuse of patents, has made them merchandised items, rather than a human
right. This commercialized privileged access to health care, led to the increase
of the morbid mortality rate in marginalized sectors of the world.
Poverty, disease
Poverty is the vicious cycle of life and death in the underdeveloped world.
Sulfates- a German discovery in the Bayer House, lead to the miraculous cure of
President Roosevelt's son in 1936. Sulfas spread out their use against infectious
diseases, without the barrier of a patent and a very low cost. The same happened
with penicil!in, the drug of World War ". Then again, with the polio vaccine that
eradicated this pandemic from the world. When the legendary journalist Edward
Murrow, -famous for his anti-McCarthyism-, asked Jonas Sal k the creator of the
polio vaccine, "Who will own the vaccine?" Jonas Salk answered "Can anyone
patent the sun?".
The gold fever and the ambition to make enormous profits from sick people, was
a lethal sickness that appeared to have arisen thereafter. Its most dangerous
symptom was, -and still is- the abuse of new drugs patents.
In present day, genetic engineering broadens a horizon of hope, but also opens
an abyss of inequality.
Transnational companies want to patent life. If they patent DNA, they wil! own
our body and soul forever. We will surrender life, freedom, dignity.
Our job is to stop that, from happening, by discovering that biology is the most
powerfullink to unite al! the people of al! nations. We must assign funds to study
in depth the biology of our planet; to conduct research and to make -Biology
and Biotechnology- our own, for the people, to be a symbol of the planet, of the
ecology and of a bio-society.
It is time to act immediately. If we do not hear the voice of life, then next
generation will have solved this enormous issue, after having lost not only their
respeet for our generation, but also having lost an incalculable amount of lives.
There is an additional reason for biology to be the livelihood of the New World
Order.
The twentieth century saw the emergence of nuclear physics. Thus, crystallizing
the scientist's dream, that physics is the vehicle that drives the world to modernity
and human welfare. But the original idea diverted and nuclear physics became a
weapon of mas s destruction and remains the greatest threat to end the world.
In the XXI century, molecular biology emerges with the highest life expectancy
for the eradication of many old and new diseases. It reminds us of the nuclear
physics of the twentieth century. But likewise, molecular biology may be
the nightmare of the century in the hands of terrorists or simple merchants.
Biology, universal science should be adopted as a universal principie, capable of
becoming an ecumenical doctrine.
Biology is also the priceless opportunity to recover our moral integrity invoking
total commitment to life.
This could be the first time, the people of the world are being asked to defend
themselves in cooperation. This is the first time in which there is no enemy.
There are no people against people. There are no rivalries of one religion to
another, of ecologists against oil producing countries. This is a proposal to all
nations, to any current system of government, whether free enterprise, socialist,
or communist, republics, kingdoms, communities, or people wishing a profound
transformation of their life.
Having said that, I rest my case, I thank you, and I pray to have had enough
wisdom to get into your minds and into your hearts.
December 1967: Degree of Doctor in Medicine and Surgery with the Doctoral
Thesis "Enzymes in the Diagnosis and Evolution of Acute Coronary Syndrome".
This thesis was recommended for the Universidad de Guayaquil Award.
February 1969: Passed the ECFMG Exam. Educational Council for Foreign
Medical Graduates Exam. Quito.
B) Books
1. Bidimensional Echocardiography Atlas. Editorial PLM, Mexico, D. F. October
1981.
2. Atlas of 2-Dimensional echocardiography. Editorial Yorke Medical Books.
March 1983.
3. Ischemic Cardiopathy. Stress test and exercise. Edited by "Banco Central del
Ecuador" January 1986.
4. Incidence of Cardiovascular disease at Hospitals in the Guayas Province.
Edited by the Office of the Academic Vice-principal Vice-rectorado Universidad
de Guayaquil. November 1990.
5. Towards Scientific Humanism. Edited by Smith Kline Beecham, Guayaquil -
Ecuador July 1997.
6. Health: A Right for AII? - Quito April 2005 Edited by Itapoa
7. HEALTH: the Right of AII. (in three languages -English, Spanish, Quechua)
Quito June 2006 Edited by Itapoa.
8. Health for the 21 st century (in two languages -English and Spanish) Quito
SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES:
Society of Surgery and Medicine of the Guayas Province, 1971.
Ecuadorian Society of Internal Medicine, 1971.
Ecuadorian Society of Cardiology, 1975.
Ecuadorian Society of Thoraxic Specialists, American College of Chest
Physicians Chapter. 1974.
Fellow of the American College of Cardiology, 1974.
Member of the Colombian Cardiology Society, 1982.
Founding Member of the Latin American Pediatric Cardiology Society.
Member of the Editorial Committee of the Magazine "Ultrasounds" edited in
Madrid, Spain.
Honorary Member of the Ecuadorian Radiology Society, 1982.
Member of the Academy of Science, New York. 1984.
Fellow of the American College of Chest Physicians. 1983.
Member of the Ecuadorian Scientific Community. 1984.
Member of the Editorial Committee of the Magazine "Ultrasounds" edited in
Madrid, Spain. Echocardiography Magazine. Madrid, Spain.
Fellow of the American College of Physicians, 1991.
Member of the Ecuadorian Medicine Academy.
Emeritus Professor of the University "San Francisco de Quito".
CURRENT POSTS:
President of National Cardiology Institute: Alfredo Palacio -INCAP
Professor of Cardiology at Universidad de Guayaquil since 1989.
President of the Academic & Scientific Council of the College of Medical
Sciences at Universidad Espiritu Santo UEES.
DECORATIONS:
1995 "Atahualpa Merit" in the Rank of Commander, Office of the Minister 01
National Defense.
1996 "Merit Recognition" Ecuadorian National Civil Defense.
1996 "Merit Recognition" Great Cross Rank, Office of the President of the
Republic.
1996 "Merit Recognition" Great Cross Rank, Office 01 the Minister 01 National
Defense.
2005 "Jos Mascote" Panamerican Medical Association, Guayaquil-Ecuador
Chapter.
2005 Decoration Government 01 the Carchi Province.
2005 Decoration Municipal Merit AME.
2005 Chile Merit Decoration Collar Rank, Republic 01 Chile.
2006 Decoration October 7, 2006 Municipal Government 01 the Quevedo
Cantono
2006 "Atahualpa Merit" Great Cross Rank, Office 01 the Minister 01 National
De1ense
2006 "Medal to Integration, Great Cross Rank", granted by the Andean
Parliament. Quito November 23,2006.
2006 Decoration "Merit in Public Health", Office of the Minister 01 Public
Health.