Review: 2 Inherent Principles in a

Presidential System
a.) Separation of Powers

b.) Checks and Balances

 Society should have a soul-authority. This
authority needs an intellect to guide and direct
it- the legislative power. It also needs a will that
is active and will make it work- the executive. It
needs, too, a conscience that judges and
punishes what is bad- the judicial power. These
powers should be independent of one another,
in the sense that one should never encroach
upon the functions of the other
- La Revolucion Filipina, Apolinario Mabini
Assignment for Graded Recitation:
Checks and Balances
Provide examples of Checks and Balances in
the Government.
I will call 6 students to give 1 example each
and he or she will discuss it in class.
Discuss in your example on where can we see
the checks and balances of one branch of
government with the other branch.
JUDICIARY LEGISLATIVE

EXECUTIVE
 JUDICIARY

1 3
EXECUTIVE 2 LEGISLATIVE

THE PRINCIPLE OF CHECKS AND BALANCES

IN A PRESIDENTIAL FORM OF
GOVERNMENT
 List of Checks and Balances
The law-making power of the Congress is
checked by the President through his veto
power, which in turn maybe overridden by the
Legislature.
The Congress may refuse to give its
concurrence to an amnesty proclaimed by the
President.
The Senate of the Philippines may refuse to
agree to a treaty the President concluded.
 List of Checks and Balances
The President may nullify a conviction in a
criminal case by pardoning the offender.
The Congress may limit the jurisdiction of the
Supreme Court and that of inferior courts and
even abolish the latter tribunals.
The Judiciary has the power to declare invalid
an act done by the Congress, the President
and his subordinates, or Constitutional
Commissions.
 EXECUTIVE

LEGISLATIVE JUDICIARY

PEOPLE
 INTRODUCTION
TO THE
EXECUTIVE BRANCH
 Article 7: Executive Department
Section 1:

The executive power shall be vested in the

President of the Philippines.
 What do we mean by Executive
Power?
The President is vested with the power to
execute, administer and carry out laws into
practical operation.

Executive Power is the power of carrying out

the laws into practical operation and enforcing
their due observance.
 What are the qualifications for the
President and Vice-President of the
Philippines?
(Sections 2 and 3 of Article 7)
Natural-born citizen;
Registered voter;
Able to read and write;
At least 40 years of age on the day of
election; and
Resident of the Philippines for at least 10
years immediately preceding the election.
What will be your own qualifications
for the President and Vice-President
of the Philippines?
Section 4, Article 7
Term of Office: Six Years
Disqualifications:
a. President:
- Not eligible for any re-election;
- No person who has succeeded as President
and has served as such for more than 4 years shall
be qualified for election to the same office at any
time.

b. Vice-President:
- Shall not serve for more than two (2)
consecutive terms
Section 4, Article 7
Canvassing Board: Congress (Senate and
House of Representatives); in case of tie,
Congress by majority vote shall select.
Electoral Tribunal:
- The Supreme Court, sitting en banc, shall be
the sole judge of all contests relating to the
election, returns, and qualifications of the
President or Vice-President, and may
promulgate its rules and for the purpose.
 130 for President
19 for Vice President
172 for Senator

Source:
Rappler.com
Section 6, Art. 7: Privileges and Benefits
President Vice-President
- Official Residence; - Salary is determined by
- Salary is determined by law and not to be
law and not to be decreased during his
decreased during his tenure;
tenure; - No need for Commission
- Immunity from suit for on Appointment
official acts. confirmation for Cabinet
post
 Salaries and Benefits of the
President and Vice-President
President: Php 120,000/month (SG 33)
Vice President: Php 103,000/month (SG 32)
Source: Department of Budget and Management , 2015
Removal in Office: Impeachment