ELC 590

SPEECH PREPARATION OUTLINE

PERSUASIVE SPEECH

Students Name : Nur Fatihah binti Abdul Rahman

Matric Number : 2016249808

Faculty / Group : EH 220 / 1E

Lecturers Name : Madam Faizah bt. M. Noor

Title : Lets limit earphones usage

Organisational Pattern : Monroes Motivated Sequences

Visual Aid : Power point slides

General Purpose : To persuade

Specific Purpose : To persuade my audience to limit your earphone time to protect you hearing.

Central Idea : Earphones damage our ear in long term use and that is why we minimize the usage
of earphones or be prepared to lose your hearing.

Introduction

I Earphones or ear buds is a listening devices that become a must have item of a person especially teenagers
nowadays.

II Everyone have this device that even comes together with the cell phone we bought.

A. According to my survey, 90% of adults especially teenagers own at least a pair of ear buds or
earphones and using it every day.

III But have you ever wonder, this small device might be a cause of an organ damage?

IV What if I say, earphones can cause you harm?

A. Plenty of research done showing evidences that earphones usage lead to hearing damages, ear
infection and bring harm to the brain.
B. It is stated that 80% people worldwide using earphones and 70% teenagers using them more than
1 hour every single day
1. As many as 16 percent of American teens have reported some hearing loss that could have
been caused by loud noise, according to a 2010 report from the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention.

V I never thought about how serious the problem that arise from usage of earphones until I read through an
article by Osteopathic Organisation recently.

VI After doing extensive research for this speech, I spotted that earphone causes too much danger to ourselves
without we realising it.

VII So today, I hope to persuade all of you to take a break and minimize your earphones time and protect your
hearing.
VIII Because earphones causes serious problems involving health, we must take action to limit the usage of
earphones or bear the consequences.

(Transitions: Lets take a closer look on how earphones cause us harm. )

Body

I Regardless how earphones bring us joy listening to the music, they actually harmful in many ways and
affecting the health.

A. James E. Foy, DO, an osteopathic pediatrician from Vallejo, California, said that listening through
headphones at a high volume for extended periods of time can result in lifelong hearing loss for
children and teens.

1. Most MP3 players today can produce sounds up to 120 decibel, Dr. James E. Foy, DO, an
osteopathic pediatrician from Vallejo, California, explained in an article for the American
Osteopathic Assocation. At that level, hearing loss can occur after only about an hour and 15
minutes.

2. According to University of Leicester researcher Dr Martine Hamann of the Department of

Cell Physiology and Pharmacology, who led the study said, nerve cells that carry electrical
signals from the ears to the brain have a coating called the myelin sheath, which helps the
electrical signals travel along the cell. Exposure to loud noises -- i.e. noise over 110 decibels
-- can strip the cells of this coating, disrupting the electrical signals. This means the nerves
can no longer efficiently transmit information from the ears to the brain.

B. Earphone may cause one to experience ear infections.

1. According to the Manchester Evening News, regular use of earphones can enhance the
growth of harmful bacteria, and sharing or borrowing earphones may just cause the transfer
someone elses bacteria to your ears.

2. Wearing headphones or earplugs has been suggested as a possible predisposing factor for
external ear canal infection since their use can increase the temperature and humidity of the
canal, create the potential for skin abrasion and provide a vehicle for the introduction of
organisms into the canal skin

(Senturia BH, Marcus MD, Lucente FE. Diseases of the External Ear-An Otologic-
Dormatologic Manual. New York: Grune & Stratton; 1980)

( Transition: So what are the solutions in order overcoming this problem?)

II You can guard against these problems by making simple few changes upon using earphones.

A. Limit your earphone time to an hour a day with a 60% volume induced.
B. Instead of using a earbud earphones, change into earmuff-style headphone to avoid direct contact
to the inner ear canal.

(Transitions: Your hearing can be protected if you tend to make these adjustment to the way you use the earphones)

III There will be some serious medical repercussions if you do not limit you earphones usage.

A. Hearing with you earphones for a long time with a high volume may cause noise-induced hearing
loss.
1. Changing earphones to earmuff-style headphone and lowering the volume to 60% may be
uncomfortable at first but you will get over it by time.
 2. You may be able to avoid the experience of hearing loss or hearing complications at a
younger age although by nature you will have it when you reach an age of 60 and above.

Conclusion

I Earphones cause few medical risks and we must take an action in a way of using them in daily life.

II Therefore, make it a habit of using your earphone maximum of an hour per day and start using headsets.

III You can start today and we can avoid being one of the person involved in the statistic of experiencing hearing
damage at a younger age.

References

(Senturia BH, Marcus MD, Lucente FE. Diseases of the External Ear-An Otologic-Dormatologic Manual. New York:
Grune & Stratton; 1980)

Susan S. (2015, December 21). Earbuds vs. Headphones: Which Will Cause Noise-Induced Hearing Loss?. Retrived
from http://www.medicaldaily.com/earbuds-vs-headphones-which-will-cause-noise-induced-hearing-loss-366088

Worl Health Organization (2015). 1.1 billion people at risk of hearing loss. Retrieved from
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2015/ear-care/en/

Suttter Health Palo Alto Medical Foundation (2016). Hearing Loss Related to MP3 & iPod Usage. Retrieved from
http://www.pamf.org/teen/health/diseases/mp3hearing.html
University of Leicester. (2012, August 29). Earphones potentially as dangerous as noise from jet engines,
researchers find. ScienceDaily. Retrieved December 6, 2016 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/08/120829064707.htm