Alaqar Riba da Zazzavin

Tattalin Arziqi a Najeriya

Dr. Ahmad Bello Dogarawa

Sashen Koyar da Aikin Akanta, Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello, Zaria
08032989042 - abellodogarawa@gmail.com

Monday, October 5, 2015 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 1

 MUQADDIMA
o A yau, tattalin arziqin Najeriya na fama da zazzavi
(National Bureau of Economic Research - NBER).
o Cibiyar bincike a kan tattalin arziqi (National Bureau
of Economic Research - NBER) ta qasar Amurka ta
bayyana cewa zazzavin tattalin arziqi (economic
recession) ya qunshi tavarvarewar harkokin tattalin
arziqi a qasa baki xaya da za ta xore har na tsawon
wata shida.
o Zazzavin, wanda faxuwar farashin xanyen mai a
duniya ta qara havaka shi na da alamomi masu yawa,
kamar yadda masana suka tabbatar:

Monday, October 5, 2015 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 2

 MUQADDIMA
1) Tavarvarewar qimar dukkan hajojin da a ke samar wa a qasa
(GDP) a cikin shekara shi ne maaunin qarfin tattalin arziqi
2) Qarancin kuxaxen da ke shigo wa mutane
3) Qaruwar rashin aikin yi ga waxanda suka cancanci aiki, da
kuma dakatar da masu aiki saboda ba za a iya ci gaba da biyansu
albashi ba
4) Tavarvarewar adadin hajojin da masanaantu ke iya samarwa
5) Tazgaro a kasuwar hada-hadar hannun jari
6) Raguwar adadin abubuwan da a ke saye da sayarwa a kasuwanni
7) Hauhawan farashi kayayyakin buqatun yau da kullum
8) Hauhawar kuxin ruwa wajen ba da bashin banki
9) Karyewar darajar kuxin qasa
Monday, October 5, 2015 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 3
 MUQADDIMA
o Kafin wannan lokaci, qasashen duniya da dama sun
faxa cikin matsalar lalacewar tattalin arziqi tun bayan
aukuwar tavarvarewar tattalin arziqi na duniya a 2007
da ta haifar da kashe fiye da $11.7 trillion don ceto
(bailout).
o A tsakanin Satumba 2009 zuwa Agusta 2010, matsalar
ta jawo wa Najeriya kashe N620 billion don ceto
bankuna takwas waxanda ke gab da durqushewa; da
sayen bashin N1.725 trillion da bankuna ke bi ta
qarqashin kamfanin Asset Management Corporation of
Nigeria (AMCON), da inganta jarin bankuna
musamman (bridge banks) guda uku bisa adadin kuxi
N679 billion.
Monday, October 5, 2015 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 4
 MUQADDIMA
o Masana sun yi savani game da dalilan aukuwar
matsalar bisa laakari da mahangai na addini da siyasa
da tattalin arziqi.
o Binciken da Bankin ba da rance na duniya, IMF ya fitar
a 2009, ya qarfafi raayin masu cewa abubuwa guda
biyar ne suka jawo matsalar:
1) Cunkushewar dukiya da jujjuyawarta a tsakanin mutane
qalilan: misali a Amurka, a 2007, kashi 20% na alummar
qasar su ne suka mallaki kashi 85% na illahirin dukiyar
qasar, a yayin da sauran kashi 80% na jamaa suka mallaki
kashi 15% na dukiyar. Najeriya fa?

Monday, October 5, 2015 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 5

 MUQADDIMA
2) Amfani da kuxi a matsayin hajar sayarwa maimakon aikinsa
na asali, wato zamantowarsa farashin abubuwan musanya:
[Siyar : :
Aalaamin Nubalaa]
3) Kasuwanci na bogi da sunan hada-hadar qimar kuxaxe
(derivatives) wanda ya qunshi nauoin caca (): a 2008,
qimar derivatives a qasar Amurka ya kai $741.1 trillion a
yayin da qimar hajoji na duniya baki (World GDP) $60.6
1
trillion (wato kashi /12).
4) Muamalar hannun jari bisa tsarin rashin tabbas mai yawa
( ) wanda ke hana mallakar haja kafin sayar da ita
5) Muamala da kuxin ruwa a bankuna da cibiyoyin hada-hadar
kuxi ()
Monday, October 5, 2015 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 6
 MAANAR RIBA
o Riba kalma ce ta larabci mai daxaxxen tarihi, wadda ta
qunshi maanar qaruwa ko daxuwa ko bunqasa.
o A sharance, kalmar na nufin xabiar fifiko wajen
musanyar abubuwan da riba ke shiga cikinsu, ko yin qari
saboda jinkirin biyan bashi, ko qara wani abu a kan adadin
bashin kuxi da aka karva.
o Tarihi ya nuna cewa tun fiye da shekara 4000 a ke
muamala da riba a kasuwanci.
o Manyan addinai guda uku: Yahudanci, da Nasaranci, da
Musulunci sun tabbatar da haramcin riba; haka kuma,
shugabannin siyasa da masana falsafa da dama sun aibin
riba.
 HARAMCIN RIBA A ALQURANI
o Malamai sun bayyana cewa haramcin riba ya zo bisa
matakai guda huxu:
o ]Fifikon Sadaqah a kan Riba [30:39





o

o ]Zargin Yahudawa dangane da karvar riba [4:161

o

o ]Haramta riba idan ta kasance ninkin-ba-ninki [3:130

o

o ]Haramci gaba xaya [2:275, 276, 278, 279

o







.
.





 ]HARAMCIN RIBA A CIKIN SUNNAH [1
o Tsinuwa a kan wanda ya bayar da riba ko ya karva ko
ya yi shaida ko ya rubuta



o :

][Muslim

o Xaya daga cikin abubuwa guda bakwai masu
halakarwa

" :




:
. "

o

[Bukhari; Muslim] ...



o Cin riba da gangan ya fi zina muni sau 36

][Ahmad
o
 HARAMCIN RIBA A CIKIN SUNNAH [2]
o Riba na da vangarori 73, mafi qaranci shi ne kamar
mutum ya auri mahaifiyarsa

[Haakim] o

o Riba na jawo talauci

[Ibn Maajah]

o

o Riba na daga abubuwan da ke halaka alumma

[Haakim]


o
 ILLOLIN RIBA [1]
o Illolin riba ga wanda ke muamala da ita
1) Haifar da munanan xabiu da sanya mutum ya zama bawan
dukiya, wanda bai da tausayi a cikin alumma
2) Za a tayar da mai cin riba kamar mahaukaci a ranar qiyama
3) Hasara na aukawa cikin dukiyar da a ka cakuxa da riba
4) Jawo yaqi da Allah (TWT) da ManzonSa (SAW)
5) Ta na daga cikin abubuwan da ke halakarwa
6) Aibinta ya fi zina sau talatin da shida, kuma ya fi munin auren
mahaifiya
7) Ba a karvar sadakar da a ka yi daga dukiyar riba, kuma ba a
karvar adduar wanda ke cin riba
 ILLOLIN RIBA [2]
o Illolin riba ga alumma
1) Sanya lalaci da xabiar son cin vagas a cikin alumma, ta hanyar
sanya dukiya a hannun mutane ba tare da wani aiki ba, alhali yin
haka xabia ce ta Yahudu, maqiyan Allah, da mutanen jahiliyyah.
2) Ta na daga dalilan aukuwar azaba a cikin alumma
3) Ta na ragargaza tattalin arziqin qasa
Economy of Nigeria
4) Ta na jawo rashin aikin yi a cikin alumma
5) Cutarwa ga alumma, kasancewar dukkan bashin da riba ta shiga
(xaixaikun mutane, yan kasuwa ko hukuma), illar na komawa ne ga
alumma
6) Haifar da koma baya ga alummar Musulmai na duniya
7) Ta na jawo qiyayya da gaba a tsakanin mutane
 ILLOLIN RIBA [2]
d) Riba, which prevents people from undertaking real economic activities and

thus causes widespread poverty [Ibn Majah]. Riba
wealth does not receive blessing or increase from Allah


[ Rum, 39]; instead He destroys it
[ 2:276] and wage
war against its devourer [ 2:279].
e) Speculation in stock market, which negates necessary ingredients of a
genuine sale in terms of ownership, risk, control and transparency.
f) Sinning [ Ahmad; Ibn Maajah] :



[ Raudatul Muhibbeen = Ibnul
Qayyim]
g) Wastefulness
h) Corruption in marketplace:
[ Ibn

Maajah]

Monday, October 5, 2015 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 13

 ]Misconceptions about Ribaa [a
1. Bank interest not the same with ribaa because banks deal
), metallic money( with what will either be called fulus
) NOT gold and silver ( or paper currency
( ) :
" (

.)472 - 29/471 :
( ) :


If paper money is subject to Zakah and is used as basis for
measuring financial net-worth, payment of Sadaq and salary,
medium of exchange and means of settling debt, and determining
?a theft should attract amputation, etc., why not liable to ribaa

Saturday, June 25, 2016 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 14

 Misconceptions about Ribaa [b]
2. Bank Interest is NOT ribaa because it is NOT excessive and
Q3:130 talks about excessive NOT normal ribaa
In Q2:278, Allah says: O you who believe fear Allah and give up
whatever remains of ribaa, if you are believers
The expression doubled is only meant to emphasised added
severity of the sin due to its excessiveness
3. Interest should be allowed because of inflation
Rates of interest are not based on rates of inflation, although
there may be correlations
Interest is one of the causes of inflation

Saturday, June 25, 2016 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 15

 Misconceptions about Ribaa [c]
4. Ribaa is not relevant to commercial loans but
consumption loans as the case with ribaa during the time
of the Prophet (pbuh)
Both commercial/productive and consumption loans exist
during the time of revelation
Validity of a transaction is not based on the financial status of a
party
5. Ribaa should be allowed under Dharurah (necessity)
For how long and what about the maxim of

Saturday, June 25, 2016 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 16

 ]ILLOLIN RIBA [2

*
*
*

Monday, October 5, 2015 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 17

 Conclusion
:
()

Saturday, June 25, 2016 Dr. A. B. Dogarawa, ABU, Zaria 18