Caracteristica externa

P= Pmax*[a*n/np+b*(n/np)^2-c*(n/np)^3]
M= 9554*P/n
c= gep*[e-d*n/np+k*(n/np)^2]
C= c*P

a= 1 gep= 220
b= 1 e= 1.55
c= 1 d= 1.55
k= 1

n[rot/min] P[kW] M[Nm] c[g*kWh] C[kg/kWh]

500 31.1167 148.5822 285.3964 8.880595
700 45.12107 153.8951 267.38 12.06447
900 59.48148 157.7912 251.7778 14.97612
1100 73.84189 160.2705 238.5898 17.61793
1300 87.84626 161.333 227.8162 20.0128
1500 101.1385 160.9789 219.4568 22.19554
1700 113.3627 159.2079 213.5117 24.20426
1900 124.1627 156.0202 209.9808 26.07178
2100 133.1824 151.4158 208.8642 27.81704
2300 140.0659 145.3945 210.1619 29.43652
2500 144.4571 137.9566 213.8738 30.8956
2700 146 129.1019 220 32.12
2900 0 0 228.5405 0

icv vcv vcvmin

8.61 2.9758108 1.928766 10.71292 6.943559 0.425 R
5.59 4.5834939 2.970783 16.50058 10.69482 2700 n
3.63 7.0583281 4.574842 25.40998 16.46943 4.69 i00
2.36 10.856666 7.036728 39.084 25.33222 1750 min
1.53 16.746229 10.85404 60.28643 39.07454
1 25.621731 16.60668 92.23823 59.78404
180 P,M,C c 2000

1800
160

1600
140

1400
120

1200

100

1000

80

800

60
600

40
400

20
200
 400

20
200

0 0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

30 v1,v2,v3,v4,v5,v6 M 180

160

25

140

20 120

100

15

80

10 60

40

20
 40

20

n
0 0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
 Caracteristica de viteza

vk= p*r*n/(30*i0*ik) [m/s]

n1= n2*icv2/icv1=2700*5,59/8,61=1753

n[rot/min] v1 v2 v3 v4 v5 v6
500 0.551076 0.848795 1.307098 2.010494 3.101154 4.744765
700 0.771507 1.188313 1.829937 2.814691 4.341615 6.642671
900 0.991937 1.527831 2.352776 3.618889 5.582076 8.540577
1100 1.212367 1.867349 2.875615 4.423086 6.822538 10.43848
1300 1.432798 2.206867 3.398454 5.227284 8.062999 12.33639
1500 1.653228 2.546386 3.921293 6.031481 9.303461 14.2343
1700 1.873659 2.885904 4.444133 6.835678 10.54392 16.1322
1900 2.094089 3.225422 4.966972 7.639876 11.78438 18.03011
2100 2.31452 3.56494 5.489811 8.444073 13.02485 19.92801
2300 2.53495 3.904458 6.01265 9.248271 14.26531 21.82592
2500 2.75538 4.243976 6.535489 10.05247 15.50577 23.72383
2700 2.975811 4.583494 7.058328 10.85667 16.74623 25.62173
 Caractestica de tractiune

Fr= P*h/v [N]

Fr1 Fr2 Fr3 Fr4 Fr5 Fr6

49689.5 32260.66 20949.23 13619.89 8829.842 5771.138
51466.24 33414.2 21698.31 14106.89 9145.569 5977.496
52769.18 34260.13 22247.64 14464.03 9377.103 6128.825
53598.33 34798.45 22597.21 14691.3 9524.442 6225.125
53953.68 35029.16 22747.02 14788.7 9587.587 6266.397
53835.23 34952.26 22697.08 14756.23 9566.539 6252.64
53242.98 34567.74 22447.39 14593.9 9461.296 6183.854
52176.94 33875.62 21997.94 14301.69 9271.86 6060.039
50637.1 32875.89 21348.74 13879.62 8998.23 5881.196
48623.46 31568.54 20499.79 13327.68 8640.405 5647.324
46136.02 29953.58 19451.08 12645.88 8198.387 5358.423
43174.79 28031.02 18202.61 11834.2 7672.175 5014.493
60000 Fr1,Fr2,Fr3,Fr4,Fr5,Fr6

50000

40000

30000

20000

10000
10000

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
 Caractestica dinamica

Dk= [Fr-k*S*vk^2]/G

k= 0.4
S= 8,5 [m^2]
G= 199920 [N]

D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6
0.248542 0.161356 0.104759 0.068058 0.044003 0.028484
0.257424 0.167114 0.108478 0.070428 0.045426 0.029149
0.263935 0.17133 0.111189 0.072126 0.046374 0.029416
0.268074 0.174003 0.112891 0.073153 0.04685 0.029285
0.269841 0.175133 0.113584 0.073508 0.046851 0.028756
0.269237 0.174721 0.113269 0.073192 0.04638 0.02783
0.266262 0.172766 0.111946 0.072204 0.045435 0.026506
0.260915 0.169269 0.109614 0.070544 0.044016 0.024784
0.253196 0.164229 0.106274 0.068213 0.042124 0.022664
0.243105 0.157647 0.101925 0.06521 0.039758 0.020146
0.230643 0.149522 0.096568 0.061536 0.036919 0.017231
0.21596 0.140211 0.091049 0.059195 0.033607 0.013918
 Caracteristica de acceleratie

ak= (D-y)*g/d [m/s^2] f= 0.014

y= f*cosa-sina a= 0
d= 1+0,6*ik

a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 a6
delta 0.373152 0.332007 0.280159 0.219499 0.153458 0.088807
6.166 0.387283 0.344981 0.291639 0.229122 0.160732 0.092882
4.354 0.397642 0.354479 0.300006 0.236018 0.165585 0.094519
3.178 0.404227 0.360502 0.30526 0.240187 0.168016 0.093716
2.416 0.407039 0.363049 0.307401 0.24163 0.168026 0.090475
1.918 0.406078 0.36212 0.306429 0.240345 0.165613 0.084794
1.6 0.401344 0.357716 0.302344 0.236333 0.160779 0.076675
0.392837 0.349837 0.295146 0.229595 0.153523 0.066117
0.380556 0.338481 0.284835 0.220129 0.143846 0.053121
0.364503 0.32365 0.271411 0.207937 0.131747 0.037685
0.344676 0.305344 0.254874 0.193017 0.117226 0.01981
0.321315 0.284366 0.23784 0.18351 0.100283 0.01981
0.45 a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6

0.4

0.35

0.3

0.25

0.2

0.15

0.1
 0.1

0.05

0
0 5 10 15 20 25
 Inversul acceleratiei

1/a1 1/a2 1/a3 1/a4 1/a5 1/a6

2.679874 3.011985 3.569399 4.55584 6.516439 11.26034
2.582088 2.898711 3.428894 4.364492 6.221519 10.7663
2.514825 2.82104 3.333265 4.236965 6.039188 10.57992
2.473856 2.77391 3.275894 4.163418 5.951807 10.67053
2.456765 2.754449 3.253078 4.138566 5.951477 11.05282
2.462579 2.761512 3.263396 4.160687 6.038167 11.79323
2.491628 2.795511 3.307488 4.231312 6.219713 13.04201
2.545587 2.858478 3.388151 4.355501 6.513666 15.12462
2.627733 2.954374 3.510801 4.542788 6.951882 18.82509
2.743465 3.089755 3.684444 4.809158 7.590317 26.53579
2.901277 3.274998 3.9235 5.180888 8.530532 50.4783
3.112207 3.516589 4.204508 5.449296 9.971733 50.47956
 Timpul de demaraj

tdi= ti-1+(1/ai+1/ai-1)*(vi-vi-1)/2

n v1 td1 v2 td2 v3 td3 v4 td4

0 0 0
1700 1.87 4.64 2.98 7.64 4.58 12.38 7.06 21.08
1900 2.09 5.20 3.23 8.32 4.97 13.65 7.64 23.51
2100 2.31 5.77 3.56 9.28 5.49 15.40 8.44 26.97
2300 2.53 6.36 3.90 10.27 6.01 17.21 9.25 30.54
2500 2.76 6.98 4.24 11.29 6.54 19.09 10.05 34.30
2700 2.98 7.64 4.58 12.38 7.06 21.08 10.86 38.32

v5 td5 v6 td6

10.86 38.32 16.75 79.25

11.78 43.99 18.03 95.15
13.02 51.88 19.93 121.87
14.27 60.23 21.83 154.09
15.51 69.25 23.72
16.75 79.25 25.62
0.3 D1,D2,D3,D4,D5,D6

0.2

0.1
 v

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
 Spatiul de demaraj

sdi= si-1+(ti-ti-1)*vi-(ti-ti-1)*(vi-vi-1)/2

n v1 sd1 v2 sd2 v3 sd3 v4 sd4

0 0 0
1700 1.87 4.35 2.98 11.69 4.58 29.7 7.06 80.61
1900 2.09 5.45 3.23 13.81 4.97 35.77 7.64 98.49
2100 2.31 6.71 3.56 17.06 5.49 44.92 8.44 126.26
2300 2.53 8.14 3.90 20.75 6.01 55.29 9.25 157.91
2500 2.76 9.79 4.24 24.93 6.54 67.09 10.05 194.20
2700 2.98 11.69 4.58 29.70 7.06 80.61 10.86 236.20

v5 sd5 v6 sd6

10.86 236.2 16.75 807.77

11.78 300.35 18.03 1084.20
13.02 398.31 19.93 1591.49
14.27 512.27 21.83
15.51 646.53 23.72
16.75 807.77 25.62
16 1/ak

14

12

10

v
2

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

180 td

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20
40

20

0 v
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
 Bilantul de putere

Pri= Fri*vi
sumaP= G*f*v*cosa+G*v*sina+k*S*v^3

G= 199920 [N]
f= 0.014
k= 0.4
S= 8,5 [m^2]

Calculele s-au facut pentru urmatoarele valori ale lui a: 0,1,3,5,10,15

Pr1 Pr2 Pr3 Pr4 Pr5 Pr6

27382.7 27382.7 27382.7 27382.7 27382.7 27382.7
39706.54 39706.54 39706.54 39706.54 39706.54 39706.54
52343.7 52343.7 52343.7 52343.7 52343.7 52343.7
64980.87 64980.87 64980.87 64980.87 64980.87 64980.87
77304.71 77304.71 77304.71 77304.71 77304.71 77304.71
89001.92 89001.92 89001.92 89001.92 89001.92 89001.92
99759.17 99759.17 99759.17 99759.17 99759.17 99759.17
109263.2 109263.2 109263.2 109263.2 109263.2 109263.2
117200.5 117200.5 117200.5 117200.5 117200.5 117200.5
123258 123258 123258 123258 123258 123258
127122.3 127122.3 127122.3 127122.3 127122.3 127122.3
128480 128480 128480 128480 128480 128480

v sumaP1 sumaP2 sumaP3 sumaP4 sumaP5 sumaP6

0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2.3291 6561.829 14687.26 30922.28 47119.67 87319.23 126854.6
4.6582 13381.41 29632.28 62102.31 94497.09 174896.2 253966.9
6.9873 20716.48 45092.78 93797.83 142390 262988.7 381594.7
9.3164 28824.79 61326.53 126266.6 191056.2 351854.4 509995.7
11.6455 37964.1 78591.27 159766.3 240753.3 441751.1 639427.8
13.9746 48392.14 97144.75 194554.8 291739.2 532936.6 770148.6
16.3037 60366.67 117244.7 230889.8 344271.6 625668.5 902415.8
18.6328 74145.43 139148.9 269029 398608.2 720204.6 1036487
20.9619 89986.17 163115.1 309230.2 455006.8 816802.8 1172621
23.291 108146.6 189401 351751.1 513725.1 915720.7 1311074
25.6201 128884.6 218264.4 396849.5 575020.9 1017216 1452105
 Prk,sPrk

120000

100000

80000

60000

40000

20000

v
 20000

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Deceleratia de franare

af= g(f*cosa+f*cosa+sina+k*S*v^2/Ga)
f= 0.5
f= 0.014 Ga= 199920 [N]
k= 0.4
S= 8,5 [m^2]

Calculele deceleratiei se vor face pentru urmatoarele valori ale lui a:-6,-3,0,3,6

v a=-6 a=-3 a=0 a=3 a=6

25.62 4.098802 4.631523 5.151849 5.658354 6.149651
23.485 4.081311 4.614032 5.134358 5.640863 6.13216
21.35 4.065341 4.598062 5.118388 5.624893 6.11619
19.215 4.050892 4.583613 5.103939 5.610444 6.101741
17.08 4.037964 4.570685 5.091011 5.597516 6.088812
14.945 4.026557 4.559277 5.079603 5.586109 6.077405
12.81 4.016671 4.549391 5.069717 5.576223 6.067519
10.675 4.008305 4.541026 5.061352 5.567857 6.059154
8.54 4.001461 4.534182 5.054508 5.561013 6.052309
6.405 3.996138 4.528858 5.049184 5.55569 6.046986
4.27 3.992335 4.525056 5.045382 5.551887 6.043184
2.135 3.990054 4.522774 5.0431 5.549606 6.040902
0 3.989293 4.522014 5.04234 5.548845 6.040142
7 af

2
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
 v

2
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Timpul de franare

tf= (v1-v2)/(g*(f+f))

f= 0.014

Se considera ca franam pana la oprire deci v2=0

Calculele se fac pentru urmatoarele valori ale lui f:0,2;0,4;0,6;0,8

v f=0,2 f=0,4 f=0,6 f=0,8

25.62 12.20384 6.308263 4.253454 3.208379
23.485 11.18685 5.782574 3.899 2.941014
21.35 10.16986 5.256886 3.544545 2.673649
19.215 9.152877 4.731197 3.190091 2.406285
17.08 8.13589 4.205509 2.835636 2.13892
14.945 7.118904 3.67982 2.481182 1.871555
12.81 6.101918 3.154131 2.126727 1.60419
10.675 5.084931 2.628443 1.772273 1.336825
8.54 4.067945 2.102754 1.417818 1.06946
6.405 3.050959 1.577066 1.063364 0.802095
4.27 2.033973 1.051377 0.708909 0.53473
2.135 1.016986 0.525689 0.354455 0.267365
0 0 0 0 0
1800 sd

1600

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200
400

200
v

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
 Spatiul de oprire fara considerarea rezistentei aerului

Sf= (v1^2-v2^2)/(2*g*((f+f)cosa+sina))
f= 0.014 v2= 0

Calculele se vor face pentru urmatoarele valori ale lui f:0,2;0,4;0,6;0,8

Se considera ca autovehiculul merge pe drum drept a=0
Pe acelasi grfic se va trasa si spatiul de franare cu considerarea rezistentei
aerului.

v f=0,2 f=0,4 f=0,6 f=0,8

25.62 156.3311 80.80885 54.48675 41.09934
23.485 131.3616 67.90188 45.784 34.53486
21.35 108.5633 56.11725 37.83802 28.54121
19.215 87.93626 45.45498 30.64879 23.11838
17.08 69.4805 35.91504 24.21633 18.26637
14.945 53.19601 27.49745 18.54063 13.98519
12.81 39.08278 20.20221 13.62169 10.27483
10.675 27.14082 14.02931 9.459505 7.135302
8.54 17.37013 8.978761 6.054083 4.566593
6.405 9.770696 5.050553 3.405422 2.568709
4.27 4.342531 2.24469 1.513521 1.141648
2.135 1.085633 0.561173 0.37838 0.285412
0 0 0 0 0
180 Sf

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20
v

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
 20
v

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

14 tf

12

10

2
4

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
 Spatiul de oprire cu considerarea rezistentei aerului si a
timpului de reactie a coducatorului

Sf= (Ga/2*g*k*S)*ln[((f+f)*cosa+sina+k*S*v1^2/Ga)/((f+f)*cosa+sina+k*S*v2^2/Ga)]+v1*(t0+t1)

G=199920 [N] a= 0
k= 0.4 v2= 0 [m/s]
S= 8,5 [m^2] t0= 0,7 [s]
f= 0.014 t1= 0,5 [s]

v1 f=0,2 f=0,4 f=0,6 f=0,8

25.62 183.1342 110.4826 84.74136 71.56408
23.485 156.7461 95.32607 73.6198 62.5194
21.35 132.2632 81.21833 63.22115 54.02616
19.215 109.7288 68.17171 53.55114 46.08767
17.08 89.18333 56.19755 44.61502 38.70693
14.945 70.66341 45.30607 36.41751 31.88666
12.81 54.20214 35.50643 28.96282 25.62926
10.675 39.82866 26.80658 22.25461 19.93682
8.54 27.56798 19.21334 16.29598 14.81112
6.405 17.4408 12.7323 11.08949 10.25361
4.27 9.463388 7.36785 6.637139 6.265431
2.135 3.647436 3.12312 2.940356 2.847398
0 0 0 0 0
 Viteza de rasturnare

vr= ((tgb+B/2*hg)*Rv*g/(1-B*tgb/2*hg))^1/2 [m/s]

B= 2000 [mm]
hg= 2500 [mm]

Se vor considera urmatoarele raze de virare:50,100,150,200,250.

Pentru b se vor folosi aceleasi valori ca si la viteza de derapare :-2,0,2,4

Rv\b -2 0 2 4
50 13.28926 14.00714 14.70886 15.39909
100 18.79386 19.80909 20.80148 21.7776
150 23.01768 24.26108 25.4765 26.672
200 26.57852 28.01428 29.41773 30.79817
250 29.71569 31.32092 32.89002 34.4334
 Viteza de derapare

vd= (-g*Rv*(f+tgb)/(f*tgb-1))^1/2 [m/s]

Se vor considera urmatoarele raze de virare:50,100,150,200,250 .

Calculele se vor face pentru urmatoarele valori ale lui b:-2,0,2,4
Se va lua in considerare si rularea pe drumuri de calitati diferite.Deci
se vor considera urmatoarele valori:0,2;0,4;0,6;0,8 pentru f .

f=0,2
Rv\b -2 0 2 4
50 8.962578 9.899495 10.76665 11.58189
100 12.675 14 15.22634 16.37926
150 15.52364 17.14643 18.64839 20.06042
200 17.92516 19.79899 21.5333 23.16378
250 20.04093 22.13594 24.07496 25.89789

f=0,4
Rv\b -2 0 2 4
50 13.28249 14 14.70137 15.39124
100 18.78427 19.79899 20.79087 21.76649
150 23.00594 24.24871 25.46351 26.6584
200 26.56497 28 29.40273 30.78247
250 29.70054 31.30495 32.87325 34.41585

f=0,6
Rv\b -2 0 2 4
50 16.46834 17.14643 17.82608 18.51054
100 23.28976 24.24871 25.20989 26.17785
150 28.52401 29.69848 30.87568 32.06119
200 32.93669 34.29286 35.65217 37.02107
250 36.82434 38.34058 39.86033 41.39082

f=0,8
Rv\b -2 0 2 4
50 19.16234 19.79899 20.44178 21.0934
100 27.09964 28 28.90905 29.83058
150 33.19014 34.29286 35.40621 36.53485
200 38.32468 39.59798 40.88357 42.18681
250 42.84829 44.27189 45.70922 47.16629
200 sf

180

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20
v

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
40 vr

35

30

25

20

15

10

Rv

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
5

Rv

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300

vd
40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
5

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Rv
 vd
30

25

20

15

10

Rv

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
 vd

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

Rv

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
 5

Rv

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300

50 vd

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

Rv

0
5

Rv

0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
 Spatiul de oprire cu considerarea rezistentei aerului

Sf= (Ga/2*g*k*S)*ln[((f+f)*cosa+sina+k*S*v1^2/Ga)/((f+f)*cosa+sina+k*S*v2^2/Ga)]

Ga= 199920 [N] f= 0.014

k= 0.4 a= 0
S= 8,5 [m^2] v2= 0

v1 f=0,2 f=0,4 f=0,6 f=0,8

25.62 152.3902 79.73859 53.99736 40.82008
23.485 128.5641 67.14407 45.4378 34.3374
21.35 106.6432 55.59833 37.60115 28.40616
19.215 86.67084 45.11371 30.49314 23.02967
17.08 68.68733 35.70155 24.11902 18.21093
14.945 52.72941 27.37207 18.48351 13.95266
12.81 38.83014 20.13443 13.59082 10.25726
10.675 27.01866 13.99658 9.444607 7.126821
8.54 17.31998 8.965337 6.047976 4.563118
6.405 9.754803 5.046302 3.403488 2.567609
4.27 4.339388 2.24385 1.513139 1.141431
2.135 1.085436 0.56112 0.378356 0.285398
0 0 0 0 0