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CARDIAC DISORDERS

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INTERVENTIONS NOTES

CORONARY IMPAIRED BLOOD MAY BE ASSESS CARDIAC AND RESPIRATORY ANTILIPEMICS 2 CATEGORIES:
HEART FLOW TO THE ASYMPTOMATIC STATUS, VITALS, ANY TO DECREASE CHRONIC
DISEASE/ MYOCARDIUM BY CAN LEAD TO MANIFESTATIONS OF PAIN, SOB, OR CHOLESTEROL, ISCHEMIC
ATHEROSCLEROTIC ANGINA PECTORIS, CHEST PAIN. ENCOURAGE LIFESTYLE ASPIRIN HEART
CORONARY
PLAQUE BUILD-UP IN ACUTE CORONARY CHANGES TO INCLUDE DIET AND THERAPY DISEASE
ARTERY THE CORONARY SYNDROME, MI, EXERCISE, MED MANAGEMENT, STABLE AND
DISEASE ARTERIES. DYSRYTHMIAS, GRADUAL AND PROGRESSIVE DIET VASOPLASTIC
HEART FAILURE, OR CHANGES, SMOKING CESSATION. ANGINA, SILENT
SUDDEN DEATH. DECREASE CHOLESTEROL, BP MYOCARDIAL
MAINTAINED AT NORMAL LEVEL, ISCHEMIA.
BLOOD SUGARS SHOULD BE KEPT IN ACUTE
NORMAL RANGE IF DIABETIC. CORONARY
SYNDROME-
UNSTABLE
ANGINA,
MYOCARDIAL
INFARCTION.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

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INTERVENTIONS
ANGINA CHEST PAIN CAUSED BY CHEST ASSESS PAIN & STATUS OF NITRATES TO DUE TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS,
PECTORIS REDUCED CORONARY PAIN, RESPIRATORY & CARDIAC DILATE VESSELS & CORONARY HEART DISEASE,
BLOOD FLOW. CAUSES SOB SYSTEMS, VITAL SIGNS. NITRO FOR IMPROVE BLOOD OR VESSEL CONSTRICTIONS.
TEMPORARY PAIN AND PERFUSION, O2, ALLOW FLOW, BETA HYPERMETABOLIC
IMBALANCE IN BLOOD REST BETWEEN ACTIVITES, BLOCKERS TO CONDITIONS (EXERCISE,
FLOW AND DEMAND. SMOKING CESSATION, ASSESS REDUCE HR, COCAINE USE,
DEMAND FOR BLOOD KNOWLEDGE & REINFORCE CONTRACTILITY, BP HYPERTHYROIDISM,
FLOW AND O2 TEACHING AS NEEDED. IF YOU ARE TO DECREASE EMOTIONAL STRESS) CAN
EXCEEDS THE AMOUNT PLACING TOPICAL NITRO ON A WORKLOAD, EXACERBATE. DIFFERENT
AVAILABLE. PATIENT , ALWAYS WEAR GLOVES CALCIUM CHANNEL TYPES:
SO YOU WILL NOT ABSORB THE BLOCKERS TO STABLE ANGINA-MOST
MEDICATION. ABSORBING NITRO REDUCE OXYGEN COMMON AND MOST
WILL GIVE YOU THE SAME EFFECTS DEMAND, INCREASE PREDICTABLE, OCCURS WITH
AND A TERRIBLE HEADACHE. SUPPLY, ASPIRIN TO PREDICTABLE AMOUNT OF
REDUCE PLATELET EXERCISE OR STRESS.
AGGREGATION. PHYSICAL EXERTION,
EXPOSURE TO COLD, OR
STRESS CAUSES IT. RELEIVED
BY REST AND NITRATES.
PRINZMETALS (VARIANT)
ANGINA- UNPREDICTABLE
OFTEN AT NIGHT. CAUSED BY
CORONARY ARTERY SPASMS
WITH OR WITHOUT PLAQUE.
TREATED WITH CALCIUM
CHANNEL BLOCKERS.
UNSTABLE ANGINA-OCCURS
WITH INCREASING
FREQUENCY, SEVERITY, &
DURATION. PAIN
CARDIAC DISORDERS

UNPREDICTABLE AND
OCCURS WITH DECREASING
LEVELS OF ACTIVITY OR
STRESS & CAN OCCUR AT
REST. AT RISK FOR MI.
OCCURS WITH ACUTE
CORONARY SYNDROME
MOST OFTEN.

ANGINA PRECIPITATING FACTORS

EXERTION
EATING
EMOTIONAL DISTRESS
EXTREME TEMPERATURES
CARDIAC DISORDERS

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INTERVENTIONS

ACUTE UNSTABLE CHEST PAIN ASSESS PT, CHEST PAIN, NITRATES, BETA DIAGNOSIS- EKG AND
CORONARY MYOCARDIAL USUALLY CARDIAC STATUS, SKIN BLOCKERS, LAB VALUES
SYNDROME (ACS) ISCHEMIA WITH SUBSTERNAL OR COLOR, TEMP, RESPIRATORY FIBRONOLYTIC MEDS (TROPONIN, CK,
UNSTABLE ANGINA. EPIGASTRIC, STATUS, VITALS, ASSESS FOR (SHOULD BE GIVEN CKMB) MAY BE ST
OCCURS WITH RADIATION TO ANY CHANGE IN LEVEL OF WITHIN 30 MINUTES- ELEVATION OR
BLOOD FLOW IS NEXK, LEFT CONCIOUSNESS VITALS 1 HOUR OF ARRIVAL DEPRESSION BUT
ACUTELY REDUCED SHOULDER, AND/OR FREQUENTLY, ADMINISTER TO ER), ASPIRIN, NOT ALWAYS.
BUT NOT FULLY LEFT ARM, MAY MEDS, MONITOR LABS, ANTIPLATELET MEDS
OCLUDED, CELLS ARE OCCUR AT REST, ESTABLISH RAPPORT WITH PT
INJURED BY THE LAST LONGER THAN AND ALLOW TO VOICE THEIR
ACUTE ISCHEMIA. 10-20 MINUTES, CONCERNS, ENCOURAGE
DYSPNEA, QUESTIONS, AND ANSWER
DIAPHORESIS, THOSE QUESTIONS.
PALLOR, COOL SKIN, ENCOURAGE DRUG USE
NAUSEA & CESSATION.
VOMITING, LIGHT-
HEADEDNESS,
HYPOTENSION, OR
TACHYCARDIA.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

MYOCARDIAL NECROSIS OR SEVERE, ACUTE CHEST ASSESS PT, CHEST PAIN, ASPIRIN, ACUTE MI CAN
INFARCTION DEATH OF PAIN DESCRIBED AS CARDIAC STATUS, SKIN FIBRINOLYTICS, CAUSE
(ACUTE MI) MYOCARDIAL CELLS, CRUSHING, COLOR, TEMP, RESPIRATORY NITRATES, MORPHINE, DYSRHYTHMIAS,
THIS IS A LIFE- HEAVINESS, STATUS, VITALS, ASSESS FOR O2, PUMP FAILURE,
THREATENING TIGHTNESS. ANY CHANGE IN LEVEL OF ANTIDYSRHYTHMICS, CARDIOGENIC
EVENT. IF CONTINOUS PAIN, CONCIOUSNESS VITALS BETA BLOCKERS SHOCK, AND
CIRCULATION IS SUBSTERNAL THAT FREQUENTLY, ADMINISTER PERICARDITIS.
NOT PROMPTLY RADIATES TO NECK OR MEDS, MONITOR LABS,
RESTORED LEFT ARM, SHOULDER, ESTABLISH RAPPORT WITH PT
FUNCTION OF CELLS JAW. AND ALLOW TO VOICE THEIR
WILL BE LOST AND NAUSEA/VOMITING, CONCERNS, ENCOURAGE
WILL AFFECT DIAPHORESIS, QUESTIONS, AND ANSWER
HEARTS ABILITY TO PALLOR. NOT THOSE QUESTIONS.
MAINTAIN CARDIAC RELIEVED BY REST OR ENCOURAGE DRUG USE
OUTPUT. WILL LEAD NITRATES. CESSATION.
TO CARDIOGENIC CARDIAC STENTS: CARDIAC
SHOCK & DEATH. CATHETERIZATION WITH
STENT PLACEMENT TO
AFFECTED ARTERY.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

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INTERVENTIONS

COCAINE COCAINE STIMULATES ALTERED LEVEL OF ASSESS PT, CHEST PAIN, ASPIRIN, DIAGNOSED BY
INDUCED MI THE HEART AND CONSCIOUSNESS, CARDIAC STATUS, SKIN FIBRINOLYTICS, EKG, LAB VALUES,
INCREASES THE CONFUSION, COLOR, TEMP, RESPIRATORY NITRATES, MAY HAVE ST
CONTRACTILITY AND RESTLESSNESS, STATUS, VITALS, ASSESS FOR MORPHINE, O2, ELEVATION
AUTOMATICITY. SEIZURES, ANY CHANGE IN LEVEL OF ANTIDYSRHYTHMICS, (STEMI),
INCREASED RISK FOR TACHYCARDIA, CONCIOUSNESS VITALS BETA BLOCKERS DEPRESSION, OR
DYSRHYTHMIAS. INCREASED FREQUENTLY, ADMINISTER NO CHANGE.
CAUSES RESPIRATORY RATE, MEDS, MONITOR LABS,
VASOCONSTRICTION RESPIRATORY ESTABLISH RAPPORT WITH PT
AND HYPERTENSION. CRACKLES. AND ALLOW TO VOICE THEIR
CONCERNS, ENCOURAGE
QUESTIONS, AND ANSWER
THOSE QUESTIONS.
ENCOURAGE DRUG USE
CESSATION.
CARDIAC STENTS: CARDIAC
CATHETERIZATION WITH
STENT PLACEMENT TO
AFFECTED ARTERY.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

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INTERVENTIONS
LEFT SIDED HEART CANNOT SOB, CRACKLES, ASSESS CARDIAC AND ACE INHIBITORS, CORONARY HEART
HEART FAILURE EFFECTIVELY FILL OR FLUID IN LUNGS, RESPIRATORY STATUS. VITAL DIURETICS, BETA DISEASE AND
CONTRACT WITH SIGNS. DISCUSS LOW BLOCKERS, POSITIVE HYPERTENSION ARE
ADEQUATE SODIUM DIET, GIVE INOTROPES, CAUSES.
STRENGTH TO EXAMPLE, ENCOURAGE PT VASODILATORS, PULMONARY
FUNCTION AS PUMP TO FOLLOW, ALLOW PT TO NITRATES, DIGOXIN. CONGESTION AND
TO MEET NEEDS OF DO WHAT THEY CAN BUT SODIUM DECREASED
THE BODY. ALSO ASSIST. ALLOW FOR RESTRICTED DIET, CARDIAC OUTPUT.
CARDIAC OUTPUT REST PERIODS, MONITOR BALLOON PUMP, CAN LEAD TO RIGHT
FALLS, DECREASED I&O, DAILY WEIGHTS, CARDIAC SIDED FAILURE.
TISSUE PERFUSION. RESTRICTION OF FLUIDS, TRANSPLANT. DX-ELECTROLYTES,
GIVE MEDS. BNP (IS ELEVATED
WITH HEART
FAILURE) , CHEST
XRAY, ABG, EKG
CARDIAC DISORDERS

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INTERVENTIONS
RIGHT SIDED HEART CANNOT EDEMA, ENLARGED ASSESS CARDIAC AND ACE INHIBITORS, CAUSED BY
HEART EFFECTIVELY FILL ORGANS DUE TO RESPIRATORY STATUS. VITAL DIURETICS, BETA CONDITIONS THAT
FAILURE OR CONTRACT FLUID SIGNS. DISCUSS LOW SODIUM BLOCKERS, POSITIVE RESTRICT FLOW TO
WITH ADEQUATE DIET, GIVE EXAMPLE, INOTROPES, LUNGS. ABDOMINAL
STRENGTH TO ENCOURAGE PT TO FOLLOW, VASODILATORS, ORGANS BECOME
FUNCTION AS ALLOW PT TO DO WHAT THEY NITRATES, DIGOXIN. CONGESTED,
PUMP TO MEET CAN BUT ALSO ASSIST. ALLOW SODIUM PERIPHERAL
NEEDS OF THE FOR REST PERIODS, MONITOR RESTRICTED DIET, EDEMA.
BODY. CARDIAC I&O, DAILY WEIGHTS, BALLOON PUMP, DX-ELECTROLYTES,
OUTPUT FALLS, RESTRICTION OF FLUIDS, GIVE CARDIAC BNP (IS ELEVATED
DECREASED TISSUE MEDS. TRANSPLANT. WITH HEART
PERFUSION. FAILURE) , CHEST
XRAY, ABG, EKG
CARDIAC DISORDERS

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INTERVENTIONS
ENDOCARDITIS INFLAMMATION OF NON-SPECIFIC, FLU- ASSESS FLU LIKE SYMPTOMS, ANTIBIOTICS THAT UNCOMMON, BUT
THE LIKE, FEVER, VITALS, HEART, AND LUNGS. ARE EFFECTIVE USUALLY RESULTS
ENDOCARDIUM, COUGH SOB, JOINT ADMINISTER ANTIPYRETICS, AGAINST FROM IV INSERTION,
VALVES ARE PAIN. USUALLY ANTIBIOTICS, ASSESS TISSUE STAPHYLOCOCCUS, SURGERY, URINARY
USUALLY HEAR A HEART PERFUSION, ENCOURAGE TO STREPTOCOCCUS, CATHETERIZATION,
AFFECTED. MURMUR. REPORT SYMPTOMS, ENTEROCOCCI. IV DRUG USE, OR
USUALLY PETECHIAE, ENCOURAGE GOOD ORAL INFECTIONS SUCH
INFECTIOUS IN SPLINTER CARE, AVOID PEOPLE WITH AS UTI OR
NATURE. HEMORRHAGE, URI, AND CARRY OUT MED RESPIRATORY
OSLERS NODES, ORDERS. INFECTION.
JANEWAY LESIONS, SURGERY MAY BE
ROTHS SPOTS. DX: BLOOD CULTURES, NEEDED-- TO
ECHO, CBC, CHEST XRAY, REPLACE DAMAGED
EKG, SED RATE, CREATININE, VALVES, REMOVE
SEROLOGIC IMMUNE EMBOLI, REMOVE
TESTING VALVE THAT IS NOT
RESPONDING TO
ANTIBIOTICS.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS EXTRA NOTES


INTERVENTIONS
PERICARDITIS INFLAMMATION OF THE CHEST PAIN, ASSESS RESPIRATORY PAIN MEDS, IF THE
PERICARDIUM. CAN BE PERICARDIAL STATUS, CARDIAC SYSTEM, ASPIRIN, & INFLAMMATORY
PRIMARY OR DEVELOP FRICTION RUB, VITALS, PAIN, TYLENOL FOR PROCESS CAUSES
SECONDARY TO ANOTHER FEVER MANIFESTATIONS THAT FEVER, NSAIDS SCARRING THEN
DISORDER SUCH AS THEY ARE CURRENTLY FOR THIS MAY
INFECTIONS, EXPERIENCING (CHEST PAIN, INFLAMMATION, RESTRICT CARDIAC
MYOCARDIAL/PERICARDIAL SOB) , PULSES. STEROIDS FOR FUNCTION.
INJURY, RHEUMATIC PAIN MEDS , DEEP RECURRENT COMPLICATIONS-
FEVER, TRAUMA, BREATHING, O2, HOB CASES. PERICARDIAL
MEDICATIONS, ELEVATED, VITAL SIGNS EFFUSION OR
AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS. FREQUENTLY, IV SITE, CARDIAC
PREPARE FOR TAMPONADE.
PERICARDIOCENTESIS IF DX: CBC, CARDIAC
NECESSARY, PROGRESSIVE ENZYMES, EKG,
ACTIVITY, ALLOW FOR ECHO,
UNINTERRUPTED SLEEP AND HEMODYNAMIC
REST. MED MONITORING,
ADMINISTRATION, CHEST XRAY, CT
MAINTAIN FLUID INTAKE. SCAN.
CARDIAC DISORDERS
CARDIAC DISORDERS

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INTERVENTIONS
PERICARDIAL ABNORMAL COLLECTION MUFFLED PERICARDIOCENTESIS: REMOVE ASPIRIN, & TYLENOL PERICARDIAL SAC CAN
EFFUSION OF FLUID BETWEEN HEART FLUID FROM PERICARDIAL SAC. FOR FEVER, NSAIDS ACCOMMODATE 2 L OF
PERICARDIAL LAYERS SOUNDS, LARGE BORE (16 OR 18 GAUGE) FOR FLUID OVER TIME
THAT MAY CONSIST OF COUGH, NEEDLE INSERTED INTO INFLAMMATION, WITHOUT IMMEDIATE
PUS, BLOOD, SERUM, DYSPNEA PERICARDIAL SAC AND EXCESS STEROIDS FOR ADVERSE EFFECTS.
LYMPH, OR A FLUID IS WITHDRAWN. IS AN RECURRENT CASES. IS A COMPLICATION OF
COMBINATION. EMERGENCY PROCEDURE FOR PERICARDITIS.
CADIAC TAMPONADE. EKG, BP, DX: CBC, CARDIAC
HR MONITORING ESSENTIAL ENZYMES, EKG, ECHO,
DURING AND AFTER. SURGICAL HEMODYNAMIC
TX: PERICARDIAL WINDOW- MONITORING, CHEST
MAY BE DONE FOR RECURRENT XRAY, CT SCAN.
PERICARDITIS, OR PERICARDIAL
EFFUSION. RECTANGULAR PIECE
OF PERICARDIUM REMOVED TO
ALLOW FOR DRAINING.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS EXTRA NOTES


INTERVENTIONS
CARDIAC WHEN FLUID PULSUS PERICARDIOCENTESIS: ASPIRIN, & TYLENOL CAN RESULT FROM
TAMPONADE COLLECTS AROUND PARADOXUS REMOVE FLUID FROM FOR FEVER, NSAIDS PERICARDIAL
THE HEART AND WHERE DOING PERICARDIAL SAC. LARGE FOR EFFUSION, OR
PRESSES ON THE INSPIRATION BORE (16 OR 18 GAUGE) INFLAMMATION, FROM TRAUMA,
HEART, THIS LIMITS SYSTOLIC BP IS NEEDLE INSERTED INTO STEROIDS FOR CARDIAC RUPTURE,
FUNCTIONING. LOWER THAN ON PERICARDIAL SAC AND RECURRENT CASES. OR HEMORRHAGE.
MEDICAL EXHALATION. EXCESS FLUID IS DX: CBC, CARDIAC
EMERGENCY!!!!! PALPATION OF WITHDRAWN. IS AN ENZYMES, EKG,
FEMORAL OR EMERGENCY PROCEDURE ECHO,
CAROTID PULSES FOR CADIAC TAMPONADE. HEMODYNAMIC
ARE ABSENT EKG, BP, HR MONITORING MONITORING,
DURING ESSENTIAL DURING AND CHEST XRAY, CT
INSPIRATION. AFTER. SURGICAL TX: SCAN.
MUFFLED HEART PERICARDIAL WINDOW-
SOUNDS, DYSPNEA, MAY BE DONE FOR
TACHYPNEA, RECURRENT PERICARDITIS,
TACHYCARDIA, OR PERICARDIAL EFFUSION.
NARROWED PULSE RECTANGULAR PIECE OF
PRESSURE, PERICARDIUM REMOVED TO
DISTENDED NECK ALLOW FOR DRAINING.
VEINS.
CARDIAC DISORDERS
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS EXTRA NOTES


INTERVENTION
DILATED DISORDERS THAT DECREASED HEART FAILURE MEDS, AICD, HEART FAILURE MOST COMMON
CARDIOMYOPATHY AFFECT THE CARDIAC OUTPUT, CARDIAC TRANSPLANT. MEDS TYPE OF
MUSCLE ITSELF. DILATED LEFT ASSESS CARDIAC & CARDIOMYOPATHY,
PRIMARY OR VENTRICLE, HEART RESPIRATORY STATUS, & MOST COMMON
SECONDARY. FAILURE, DYSPNEA PULSES, VITALS. CAUSE OF HEART
PRIMARY ARE ON EXERTION, ENCOURAGE REST WITH FAILURE. CAUSE IS
IDIOPATHIC WITH ORTHOPNEA, ACTIVITY, GRADUAL SELF UNKNOWN BUT
NO KNOWN CAUSE, WEAKNESS, CARE, PROVIDE ASSISTANCE APPEARS TO RESULT
SECONDARY ARE A FATIGUE, EDEMA, WHEN NEEDED, HOB FROM TOXINS,
RESULT OF OTHER ASCITES. S3 & S4 ELEVATION, OXYGEN AS METABOLIC
PROCESSES. HEART HEART SOUNDS NEEDED WITH BREATHING, CONDITIONS, OR
CHAMBERS DILATE ARE HEARD, ALLOW PT TO EXPRESS FEAR INFECTION.
AND VENTRICLE DYSRHYTHMIAS OF DISEASE. PROVIDE MEDS, REVERSIBLE, MAY BE
CONTRACTION IS PROMINENT. ACTIVITY RESTRICTIONS MAY FROM COCAINE USE,
IMPAIRED. BE NECESSARY. EXCESSIVE ALCOHOL
INTAKE, CHEMO,
PREGNANCY,
HYPERTENSION.
PROGNOSIS IS GRIM,
USUALLY DIE WITHIN
5-10 YEARS.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS


INTERVENTIONS
HYPERTROPHIC DECREASED COMPLIANCE DYSPNEA, CHEST BETA BLOCKERS, CALCIUM CHANNEL BETA BLOCKERS,
CARDIOMYOPATHY OF LEFT VENTRICLE AND PAIN, SYNCOPE, BLOCKERS, ANTIDYSRHYTHMICS, AICD, CALCIUM CHANNEL
HYPERTROPHY OF LOUD S4, DUAL-CHAMBER PACEMAKER, & SURGICAL BLOCKERS,
VENTRICULAR MUSCLE DYSRYTHMIAS, EXCISION OF VENTRICULAR SEPTUM. ANTIDYSRHYTHMICS
MASS. IMPAIRS FILLING SUDDEN DEATH ASSESS CARDIAC & RESPIRATORY STATUS,
WHICH LEADS O LOW PULSES, VITALS. ENCOURAGE REST WITH
CARDIAC OUTPUT. ACTIVITY, GRADUAL SELF CARE, PROVIDE
CONDITION IS ASSISTANCE WHEN NEEDED, HOB
HEREDITARY USUALLY ELEVATION, OXYGEN AS NEEDED WITH
BUT CAN BE CAUSED BY BREATHING, ALLOW PT TO EXPRESS FEAR
HYPERTENSION. OF DISEASE. PROVIDE MEDS, ACTIVITY
RESTRICTIONS MAY BE NECESSARY.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

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INTERVENTIONS
RESTRICTIVE RIGID VENTRICULAR DYPSNEA, FATIGUE, MANAGEMENT OF HEART HEART FAILURE LEAST COMMON OF
CARDIOMYOPATHY WALLS THAT RIGHT SIDED HEART FAILURE AND EXERCISE MEDS. CARDIOMYOPATHY.
IMPAIR DIASTOLIC FAILURE, RESTRICTION.
FILLING. CAUSES CARDIOMEGALY, S3 ASSESS CARDIAC &
ARE MYOCARDIAL & S4 HEARD, RESPIRATORY STATUS,
FIBROSIS AND MITRAL PULSES, VITALS.
INFILTRATIVE REGURGITATION ENCOURAGE REST WITH
PROCESSESS MURMUR. ACTIVITY, GRADUAL SELF
(AMYLOIDOSIS) CARE, PROVIDE ASSISTANCE
DECREASED WHEN NEEDED, HOB
CARDIAC OUTPUT ELEVATION, OXYGEN AS
WITH NORMAL NEEDED WITH BREATHING,
EJECTION ALLOW PT TO EXPRESS FEAR
FRACTION AND OF DISEASE. PROVIDE MEDS,
CONTRACTILITY. ACTIVITY RESTRICTIONS MAY
BE NECESSARY.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS EXTRA NOTES


INTERVENTIONS
MITRAL VALVE ONE OR BOTH USUALLY ASSESS CARDIAC STATUS, DYSRHYTHMIA COMMON IN
PROLAPSE CUSPS GO UP INTO ASYMPTOMATIC, HEALTH HISTORY, VITALS, MEDS, CALCIUM YOUNG WOMEN,
ATRIUM DURING HEAR MIDSYSTOLIC RESPIRATORY STATUS. CHANNEL AGED 14-30, AN BE
VENTRICLE CLICK OR MURMUR MONITOR I & O, VITALS, BLOCKERS FROM ACUTE OR
SYSTOLE. (WHOOP SOUND) RESTRICT FLUIDS AS (FELODIPINE, CHRONIC
(MITRAL VALVE MAY DEVELOP CHEST ORDERED, ELEVATE HOB, NIFEDIPINE), ACE CONDITIONS.
OPENS THE WRONG PAIN OR MEDS, ENCOURAGE INHIBITORS USUALLY AFFECTS
WAY) INTERFERES TACHYDYSRHYTHMIAS GRADUAL SELF CARE, (CAPTOPRIL, PEOPLE WITH
WITH BLOOD FLOW THAT CAUSE ASSISTANCE AS NEEDED, ENALAPRIL, CONNECTIVE TISSUE
TO AND FROM THE DIZZINESS, CARDIAC REHAB, ASEPTIC LISINOPRIL, DISEASES (MARFAN
HEART. CAN RESULT PALPITATIONS, TECHNIQUE, ASSESS RAMIPRIL), SYNDROME),
FROM ACUTE SYNCOPE. INCREASED WOUNDS & CATHETER HYDRALAZINE, EXCESS COLLAGEN
CONDITIONS SUCH RISK FOR BACTERIAL SITES, MONITOR BLOOD TISSUE AND
AS ENDOCARDITIS ENDOCARDITIS AND COUNTS, ANTIBIOTICS, TEST ELONGATED
OR CHRONIC THROMBI. STOOL FOR BLOOD, CHORDAE
CONDITIONS SUCH ENCOURAGE SOFT TENDINAE IMPAIR
AS RHEUMATIC TOOTHBRUSH, ELECTRIC CLOSURE AND
HEART DISEASE. RAZOR, ETC, TO DECREASE BLOOD
BLEEDING RISK. REGURGITATES
INTO LEFT ATRIUM.
USUALLY BENIGN
BUT SOME HAVE
HIGH RISK OF
SUDDEN DEATH.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

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INTERVENTIONS
MITRAL ALLOWS BLOOD TO MAY BE ASSESS CARDIAC STATUS, DYSRHYTHMIA MOST COMMON
REGURGITATION FLOW BACK INTO ASYMPTOMATIC OR HEALTH HISTORY, VITALS, MEDS, CALCIUM CAUSE IS
(MR) THE LEFT ATRIUM CAUSE WEAKNESS, RESPIRATORY STATUS. CHANNEL BLOCKERS RHEUMATIC HEART
DURING SYSTOLE FATIGUE, MONITOR I & O, VITALS, (FELODIPINE, DISEASE. MORE
BECAUSE VALVE EXERTIONAL RESTRICT FLUIDS AS NIFEDIPINE), ACE FREQUENT IN MEN.
DOES NOT CLOSE DYSPNEA, ORDERED, ELEVATE HOB, INHIBITORS
FULLY. BLOOD ORTHOPNEA. MEDS, ENCOURAGE (CAPTOPRIL,
FLOWS BACK INTO SEVERE CASES GRADUAL SELF CARE, ENALAPRIL,
THE SYSTEMIC CAUSE LEFT SIDED ASSISTANCE AS NEEDED, LISINOPRIL,
CIRCULATION AND HEART FAILURE. CARDIAC REHAB, ASEPTIC RAMIPRIL),
LEFT ATRIUM, MURMUR IS TECHNIQUE, ASSESS HYDRALAZINE
INCREASING LEFT USUALLY LOUD AND WOUNDS & CATHETER
ATRIAL VOLUME HIGH PITCHED, SITES, MONITOR BLOOD
WHICH DILATES RUMBLING. COUNTS, ANTIBIOTICS, TEST
THE ATRIUM ACCOMPANIED BY STOOL FOR BLOOD,
CAUSING A PULL AT PALPABLE THRILL, ENCOURAGE SOFT
THE VALVE AND MAY HAVE MUSICAL TOOTHBRUSH, ELECTRIC
INCREASING THE SOUND OR COO- RAZOR, ETC, TO DECREASE
OPENING OF THE ING SOUND. BLEEDING RISK.
VALVE. LEFT
VENTRICLE DILATES.
(MITRAL VALVE
NOT CLOSING
FULLY)
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS


INTERVENTIONS
MITRAL NARROWING OF MITRAL LEFT ATRIAL HYPERTROPHY, ASSESS CARDIAC STATUS, HEALTH DYSRHYTHMIA
STENOSIS VALVE OBSTRUCTING PULMONARY HYPERTENSION, HISTORY, VITALS, RESPIRATORY STATUS. MEDS, CALCIUM
FLOW FROM LEFT RIGHT VENTRICULAR MONITOR I & O, VITALS, RESTRICT FLUIDS CHANNEL BLOCKERS
ATRIUM TO LEFT HYPERTROPHY, HEART AS ORDERED, ELEVATE HOB, MEDS, (FELODIPINE,
VENTRICLE. CAUSED BY FAILURE. CAN BE ENCOURAGE GRADUAL SELF CARE, NIFEDIPINE), ACE
RHEUMATIC HEART ASYMPTOMATIC, BUT ASSISTANCE AS NEEDED, CARDIAC REHAB, INHIBITORS
DISEASE OR BACTERIAL DEPENDS ON CARDIAC ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE, ASSESS WOUNDS & (CAPTOPRIL,
ENDOCARDITIS. FIBROUS OUTPUT AND PULMONARY CATHETER SITES, MONITOR BLOOD ENALAPRIL,
TISSUE REPLACES PRESSURE. DYSPNEA ON COUNTS, ANTIBIOTICS, TEST STOOL FOR LISINOPRIL,
NORMAL VALVE CAUSING EXERTION, COUGH, BLOOD, ENCOURAGE SOFT TOOTHBRUSH, RAMIPRIL),
A STIFFENING. (MITRAL HEMOPTYSIS, FREQUENT ELECTRIC RAZOR, ETC, TO DECREASE HYDRALAZINE
VALVE STIFFENS AND PULMONARY INFECTIONS, BLEEDING RISK.
GETS STUCK) WEAKNESS, FATIGUE,
PALPITATIONS. WILL HEAR
LOUD S1, SPLIT S2, AND
MITRAL OPENING.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS EXTRA NOTES


INTERVENTIONS
AORTIC OBSTRUCTS BLOOD CAN BE ASSESS CARDIAC STATUS, DYSRHYTHMIA BLOOD BACKS UP
STENOSIS FLOW FROM LEFT ASYMPTOMATIC HEALTH HISTORY, VITALS, MEDS, CALCIUM INTO LUNGS, SINCE
VENTRICLE INTO FOR YEARS. RESPIRATORY STATUS. CHANNEL BLOCKERS IT CANT GO TO
AORTA DURING PULMONARY MONITOR I & O, VITALS, (FELODIPINE, THE BODY.
SYSTOLE. CAN BE CONGESTION AND RESTRICT FLUIDS AS NIFEDIPINE), ACE
IDIOPATHIC OR DUE EDEMA, DYSPNEA ORDERED, ELEVATE HOB, INHIBITORS
TO CONGENITAL, ON EXERTION, MEDS, ENCOURAGE (CAPTOPRIL,
RHEUMATIC ANGINA, GRADUAL SELF CARE, ENALAPRIL,
EFFECTS, OR EXERTIONAL ASSISTANCE AS NEEDED, LISINOPRIL,
DEGENERATIVE SYNCOPE. PULSE CARDIAC REHAB, ASEPTIC RAMIPRIL),
CHANGES. AS THE PRESSURE TECHNIQUE, ASSESS HYDRALAZINE
DISEASE NARROWS TO WOUNDS & CATHETER
PROGRESSES 30mmHg OR LESS. SITES, MONITOR BLOOD
VENTRICLE MUST HARSH SYSTOLIC COUNTS, ANTIBIOTICS, TEST
WORK HARDER TO MURMUR, PALPABLE STOOL FOR BLOOD,
EJECT BLOOD THRILL, S3 & S4 MAY ENCOURAGE SOFT
WHICH CAUSE BE HEARD WITH TOOTHBRUSH, ELECTRIC
HYPERTROPHY. PROGRESSION. RAZOR, ETC, TO DECREASE
TISSUE PERFUSION BLEEDING RISK.
DECREASES.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS EXTRA NOTES


INTERVENTIONS
AORTIC BACK FLOW OF USUALLY WITHOUT ASSESS CARDIAC STATUS, DYSRHYTHMIA DX: HIGH PITCHED
REGURGITATION BLOOD INTO THE SYMPTOMS, SOME HEALTH HISTORY, VITALS, MEDS, CALCIUM BLOWING MURMUR,
LEFT VENTRICLE NOTICE FORCEFUL RESPIRATORY STATUS. CHANNEL WIDENED PULSE
FROM THE AORTA HEARTBEAT IN MONITOR I & O, VITALS, BLOCKERS PRESSURE, ECHO,
DURING DIASTOLE. HEAD OR NECK, RESTRICT FLUIDS AS (FELODIPINE, CORRIGANS PULSE
CAN BE CAUSED ARTERIAL ORDERED, ELEVATE HOB, NIFEDIPINE), ACE (PULSATION STRIKES
FROM PULSATIONS AT MEDS, ENCOURAGE INHIBITORS FINGER WITH QUICK,
INFLAMMATORY CAROTID OR GRADUAL SELF CARE, (CAPTOPRIL, SHARP STROKE,
LESIONS OR TEMPORAL ASSISTANCE AS NEEDED, ENALAPRIL, CALLED WATER
DILATION OF THE ARTERIES, CARDIAC REHAB, ASEPTIC LISINOPRIL, HAMMER) CARDIAC
AORTA. ALSO EXERTIONAL TECHNIQUE, ASSESS RAMIPRIL), CATHETERIZATIONS.
CAUSED BY DYPSNEA, WOUNDS & CATHETER HYDRALAZINE
RHEUMATIC BREATHING SITES, MONITOR BLOOD AORTIC VALVE
ENDOCARDITIS, DIFFICULTIES. COUNTS, ANTIBIOTICS, TEST REPLACEMENT
CONGENITAL STOOL FOR BLOOD,
ABNORMALITIES, ENCOURAGE SOFT
CHEST TRAUMA, TOOTHBRUSH, ELECTRIC
SYPHILIS, RAZOR, ETC, TO DECREASE
DISSECTING BLEEDING RISK.
ANEURYSM, BLUNT
CHEST TRAUMA.
CARDIAC DISORDERS
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S COMPLICATIONS RISK FACTORS TREATMENT


PRIMARY ESSENTIAL HEADACHE THAT IS HYPERTENSION SODIUM INTAKE, ANTIHYPERTENSIVES,
HYPERTENSION HYPERTENSION, PRESENT ON AFFECTS RENAL, LOW POTASSIUM, LIFESTYLE
PERSISTENTLY AWAKENING AND CARDIOVASCULAR, CALCIUM MODIFICATIONS.
ELEVATED SYSTEMIC GETS BETTER AND NEUROLOGICAL MAGNESIUM INTAKE, ASSESS PT, BP,
BLOOD PRESSURE. THROUGH DAY, SYSTEMS. OBESITY, EXCESS CARDIAC STATUS,
SYSTOLIC BO PF 140 NOCTURIA, NAUSEA, ATHEROSCLEROSIS ALCOHOL LABS, HR. ID
mmHg OR HIGHER OR VOMITING, VISUAL RATE ACCELERATES CONSUMPTION, BEHAIVORS THAT
DIASTOLIC BP OF 90 DISTURBANCES. WHICH INDICATES INSULIN RESISTANCE, CONTRIBUTE TO
mmHg OR HIGHER HIGHER RISK FOR GENETICS, HISTORY, HIGH BO AND
ON 3 OR MORE STROKE, MI. AGE, RACE. SUGGEST CHANGES.
READINGS TAKEN ON HYPERTENSIVE ENCOURAGE
SEPARATE ENCEPHALOPATHY COMPLIANCE WITH
OCCASIONS. OVER RESULTS WHEN BP IS BP MEDS, SUGGEST
90% HAVE NO EXTREMELY HIGH. DIET AND EXERCISE.
KNOWN CAUSE. CAN CAUSE RENAL
INSUFFICIENCY.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT


SECONDARY ELEVATED BP RESULTING FROM IDENTIFIABLE HEADACHE THAT IS ANTIHYPERTENSIVES, LIFESTYLE
HYPERTENSION PROCESS. PRESENT ON MODIFICATIONS. ASSESS PT, BP, CARDIAC
KIDNEY DISEASE IS THE MOST COMMON- AWAKENING AND GETS STATUS, LABS, HR. ID BEHAIVORS THAT
STIMULATES RENIN-ANGIOTENSION CASCADE BETTER THROUGH DAY, CONTRIBUTE TO HIGH BO AND SUGGEST
WHICH VASOCONSTRICTS & RETAINS NOCTURIA, NAUSEA, CHANGES. ENCOURAGE COMPLIANCE
WATER/SODIUM. COARCTATION OF THE AORTA- VOMITING, VISUAL WITH BP MEDS, SUGGEST DIET AND
NARROWING OF THE AORTA, REDUCED BLOOD DISTURBANCES. EXERCISE. ALSO TREAT UNDERLYING
FLOW ACTIVATES RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN CAUSE OF HYPERTENSION.
CASCADE. ENDOCRINE DISORDERS-ADRENAL
GLAND DISORDERS, PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA IS
TUMOR ON ADRENAL GLAND THAT CAUSES
HYPERTENSION. NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-
INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE. BODY
ATTEMPTS TO MAINTAIN BLOOD FLOW BY
INCREASING BP. DRUG USE-ESTROGEN, ORAL
CONTRACEPTIVES, STIMULANT DRUGS SUCH AS
COCAINE AND METHAMPHETAMINES.
PREGNANCY-MECHANISM UNCLEAR.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS EXTRA NOTES


INTERVENTIONS
THORACIC 10% OF AORTIC FREQUENTLY ASSESS PULSES, CARDIAC BETA BLOCKERS AND DX: CHEST XRAY,
(AORTIC ANEURYSMS. THESE ARE AND RESPIRATORY STATUS. ANTIHYPERTENSIVES. ABDOMINAL
ANEURYSM) WEAKENING OF ASYMPTOMATIC, BED REST WITH LEGS FLAT, ULTRASOUND,
WALL BY WHEN SYMPTOMS CALM ENVIROMENT, TEE, CT OR MRI
ATHEROSCLEROSIS PRESENT THEY ARE PREVENT INCREASE IN BP, WITH CONTRAST,
OR HYPERTENSION, CAUSED BY BLOOD MONITOR CARDIAC ANGIOGRAPHY.
TRAUMA, FLOW AND RHYTHM, CHANGES IN
COARCTATION OF PRESSURE PLACED MENTAL STATUS, MONITOR SURGERY
THE AORTA, BY AORTA ON THE URINE OUTPUT, ALLOW PT INDICATED WHEN
TERTIARY SYPHILIS, SURROUNDING TO EXPRESS ANXIETY. ANEURYSM IS
FUNGAL STRUCTURES. SMOKING CESSATION, BP SYMPTOMATIC OR
INFECTIONS, AND SUBSTERNAL, CONTROL. EXPANDING
MARFAN NECK, BACK PAIN, RAPIDLY,
SYNDROME. DYPSNEA, THORACIC MAY BE
STRIDOR, COUGH, REPAIRED IF
HOARSENESS, MORE THAN 6 CM
DIFFICULTY IN DIAMETER.
SWALLOWING,
EDEMA OF FACE,
AND ANGINA.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSI MEDS EXTRA NOTES COMPLICATIONS


NG INTERVENTIONS

ABDOMINAL CAUSED BY MOST ARE ASSESS PULSES, CARDIAC BETA DX: CHEST XRAY, MAY CAUSE
(AORTIC ATHEROSCLERO ASYMPTOMATI AND RESPIRATORY BLOCKERS ABDOMINAL THROMBI DUE TO
ANEURYSM) SIS AND C, PULSATING STATUS. BED REST WITH AND ULTRASOUND, TEE, SLUGGISH BLOOD
HYPERTENSION, MASS IN MID LEGS FLAT, CALM ANTIHYPER CT OR MRI WITH FLOW. MAY
INCREASING AND UPPER ENVIROMENT, PREVENT TENSIVES. CONTRAST, RUPTURE AND CAUSE
AGE AND ABDOMEN AND INCREASE IN BP, MONITOR ANGIOGRAPHY. HEMORRHAGE AND
SMOKING. BRUIT OVER CARDIAC RHYTHM, SHOCK, RISK
MAJORITY MASS ON CHANGES IN MENTAL SURGERY INCREASES WITH SIZE
DEVELOP EXAM. PAIN IF STATUS, MONITOR URINE INDICATED WHEN INCREASE.
BELOW RENAL PRESENT IS OUTPUT, ALLOW PT TO ANEURYSM IS
ARTERIES. CONSTANT OR EXPRESS ANXIETY. SYMPTOMATIC OR
INTERMITTENT SMOKING CESSATION, BP EXPANDING
IN MID CONTROL. RAPIDLY,
ABDOMINAL ABDOMINAL
REGION OR ANEURYSM MAY BE
LOWER BACK. REPAIRED IF
GREATER THAN 5
CM IN DIAMETER.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT/NURSING


INTERVENTIONS
AORTIC TEARING OF THE AORTA ONSET OF SYMPTOMS ARE ECHOCARDIOGRAM, ASSESS PULSES, CARDIAC AND
DISSECTION IN THE INTIMA OR THE SUDDEN, SEVER AND ARTERIOGRAM, RESPIRATORY STATUS. BED REST WITH
MEDIA LAYERS. PERSISTENT PAIN (TEARING ULTRASOUND, MRA LEGS FLAT, CALM ENVIROMENT, PREVENT
COMMONLY AND RIPPING) ANTERIOR INCREASE IN BP, MONITOR CARDIAC
ASSOCIATED WITH CHEST, BACK, SHOULDER, RHYTHM, CHANGES IN MENTAL STATUS,
POORLY CONTROLLED EPIGASTRIC, OR ABDOMEN MONITOR URINE OUTPUT, ALLOW PT TO
HYPERTENSION, BLUNT AREA IS WHERE PAIN IS EXPRESS ANXIETY. SMOKING CESSATION,
CHEST TRAUMA, AND REPORTED. PALE, BP CONTROL.
COCAINE USE. DIAPHORESIS,
TACHYCARDIA, BP
DIFFERENT IN EACH ARM.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S MEDS TREATMENT/NURSING


INTERVENTIONS
ARTERIAL BLOOD CLOT THAT TISSUE ISCHEMIA. ANTICOAGULANTS, IMMEDIATE EMBOLECTOMY
THROMBUS ADHERES TO VESSEL PAINFUL, PALE, THROMBOLYTICS. IS TREATMENT OF CHOICE
WALL. TEND TO AND COOL OR FOR ARTERIAL OCCLUSION.
DEVELOP IN AREAS COLD. DISTAL THROMBOENDARECTOMY IS
WHERE PULSES ABSENT, DONE TO REMOVE CLOT
COAGULATION PARASTHESIAS, AND PLAQUE. ASSESS
STIMULATED BY CYANOSIS, EXTREMITIES EXTREMITIES,
INTRAVASCULAR MOTTLING, PULSES, COLOR, TEMP,
FACTORS PARALYSIS, AND CARDIAC/RESPIRATORY
(DAMAGED VESSEL MUSCLE SPASMS. STATUS, PROTECT
WALL) OCCLUDES LINE OF EXTREMITY, MAINTAIN
ARTERY WHICH DEMARCATION ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY
CAUSES ISCHEMIA, MAY BE SEEN. AND MONITOR LABS,
THE EXTENT IS MONITOR TISSUE
DETERMINED BY PERFUSION.
SIZE OF VESSEL AND
THROMBUS.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S MEDS TREATMENT/NURSING


INTERVENTIONS
ARTERIAL EMBOLUS SUDDEN OBSTRUCTION TISSUE ISCHEMIA. ANTICOAGULANTS, IMMEDIATE EMBOLECTOMY
OF VESSEL BY DEBRIS. PAINFUL, PALE, AND THROMBOLYTICS. IS TREATMENT OF CHOICE
THROMBUS MAY BREAK COOL OR COLD. DISTAL FOR ARTERIAL OCCLUSION.
LOOSE AND BECOME PULSES ABSENT, THROMBOENDARECTOMY IS
THROMBOEMBOLUS. PARASTHESIAS, DONE TO REMOVE CLOT
PLAQUE, BACTERIA, CYANOSIS, MOTTLING, AND PLAQUE. ASSESS
CANCER CELLS, AMNIOTIC PARALYSIS, AND MUSCLE EXTREMITIES EXTREMITIES,
FLUID, FATTY FLUID, AND SPASMS. LINE OF PULSES, COLOR, TEMP,
FOREIGN OBJECTS CAN DEMARCATION MAY BE CARDIAC/RESPIRATORY
CAUSE EMBOLI. OFTEN SEEN. STATUS, PROTECT
ORIGINATE ON LEFT SIDE EXTREMITY, MAINTAIN
OF HEART CAUSING MI, ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY
VALVULAR HEART AND MONITOR LABS,
DISEASE, LEFT SIDE HEART MONITOR TISSUE
FAILURE, A FIB, PERFUSION.
INFECTIOUS HEART
DISEASES.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSIN MEDS EXTRA NOTES


G INTERVENTIONS
PERIPHERAL ARTERIOSCLEROSIS- PAIN IS PRIMARY MUST STOPP SMOKING, ANTIPLATELETS COMPLICATIONS:
ARTERIAL MOST COMMON SYMPTOM (CRAMPING REVASCULARIZATION CAN SUCH AS ASPIRIN & GANGRENE,
DISEASE OR CHRONIC ARTERIAL OR ACHING PAIN) IN BE DONE IF SYMPTOMS PLAVIX, PLETAL HAS AMPUTATION,
DISORDER. CALVES, THIGHS, AND SEVERE OR DISABLING, VASODILATION INFECTION,
PERIPHERAL
THICKENING, LOSS OF BUTTOCKS, WEAKNESS METICULOUS FOOT CARE. PROPERTIES, RUPTURE OF
VASCULAR ELASTICITY, AND OCCURS WITH PAIN & IS ASSESS EXTREMITY, TRENTAL ANEURYSMS.
DISEASE CALCIFICATION OF RELIEVED WITH REST. PULSES, COLOR, DECREASES DX: SEGMENTAL
(PAD/PVD) ARTERIAL WALLS. REST PAIN OCCURS AT TEMPERATURE, AND ANY VISCOSITY AND PRESSURE
ATHEROSCLEROSIS- IS REST AND IS DESCRIBED ULCERS? POSITION INCREASES MEAASUREMENTS
A FORM OF AS BURNING. EXTREMITIES DEPENDENT, MICROCIRCULATIO WITH BP CUFF AND
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, INCREASES WITH AVOID SMOKING, REGULAR N, PARENTERAL DOPPLER PULSES,
FAT AND FIBRIN ELEVATION, DECREASES EXERCISE, POSITION VASODILATOR STRESS TESTING,
OCCLUDE AND WHEN DEPENDENT. CHANGES, KEEP PROSTAGLANDINS DOPPLER
HARDEN ARTERIES. LEGS MAY FEEL COLD EXTREMITIES WARM, DAILY MAY BE GIVEN ON ULTRASOUND,
PVD OCCURS WHEN OR NUMB. PERIPHERAL SKIN CARE, ASSIST WITH LONG TERM BASIS. ANGIOGRAPHY,
BLOOD SUPPLY TO PULSES ARE EITHER ACTIVITIES, GRADUAL TRANSCUTANEOUS
PERIPHERAL TISSUES WEAK OR ABSENT, INCREASE IN EXERCISE. OXIMETRY.
ESPECIALLY LOWER BRUIT HEARD OVER
EXTREMITIES LARGE ARTERY
OCCURS. (FEMORAL) LEGS PALE
WHEN ELEVATED BUT
DARK RED WHEN
DEPENDENT. SKIN SHINY
AND HAIRLESS, EDEMA
MAY BE PRESENT.
CARDIAC DISORDERS
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S MEDS TREATMENT/NURSING EXTRA NOTES


INTERVENTIONS
BEURGERS OCCLUSIVE PAIN IN AFFECTED NO SPECIFIC ASSESS PAIN, PULSES, COMPLICATIONS:
DISEASE VASCULAR EXTREMITIES, MEDS, BUT COLOR, TEMP OF ULCERS,
(THROMBOANGITIS DISEASE, SMALL CRAMPING PAIN IN CALCIUM EXTREMITIES. MONITOR GANGRENE,
AND MIDSIZE CALVES, FEET, CHANNEL PERFUSION, PROTECT AMPUTATION
OBLITERANS)
PERIPHERAL FOREARMS, OR BLOCKERS, EXTREMITY, HELP PT
ARTERIES BECOME HANDS. REST PAIN DECREASE EXPRESS ANXIETY AND ETIOLOGY:
INFLAMED AND IN FINGERS AND VISCOSITY AND COPE. MONITOR LABS AND CIGARETTE
SPASTIC CAUSING TOES. SENSATION IMPROVE BLOOD SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS. SMOKING AND
CLOTS TO FORM. IS DIMINISHED, FLOW. STOP SMOKING, ARTERIAL AUTOIMMUNE
UPPER OR LOWER THIN AND SHINY BYPASS GRAFT MAY BE RESPONSE.
EXTREMITIES SKIN, NAILS PERFORMED, MAY
(MOST OFTEN LEG THICKEN AND AMPUTATE.
OR FOOT) BECOMED
MALFORMED,
PALE, CYANOTIC,
OR RED AND COOL
OR COLD. DISTAL
PULSES
DIMINISHED OR
ABSENT.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS


INTERVENTIONS
RAYNAUDS EPISODES OF INTENSE SPASMS LIMIT BLOOD ASSESS PAIN, PULSES, COLOR, VASODILATOR
DISEASE/PHENOMENON VASOSPASM IN SMALL FLOW AND INITIAL TEMP OF EXTREMITIES. MONITOR MEDS,
ARTERIES AND ATTACKS MAY ONLY PERFUSION, PROTECT EXTREMITY, CALCIUM
ARTERIOLES OF FINGERS INCLUDE TIPS OF ONE OR 2 HELP PT EXPRESS ANXIETY AND CHANNEL
AND SOMETIMES TOES. FINGERS, WITH COPE. MONITOR LABS AND SIGNS BLOCKER,
NO KNOWN CAUSE. PROGRESSION, ENTIRE AND SYMPTOMS. KEEP HANDS ALPHA
PHENOMENON: FINGER AND ALL FINGERS WARM, SMOKING CESSATION. BLOCKERS,
SECONDARY TO MAY BE AFFECTED. NITRO
ANOTHER DISEASE SUCH OCCURE INTERMITTENTLY.
AS SCLERODERMA AND CALLED BLUE, RED, WHITE
RHEUMATIOD ARTHITIS DISEASE, DIGITS TURN
(COLLAGEN VASCULAR BLUE, THEN RED, THEN
DISEASES) OR OTHER WHITE. MAY HAVE
KNOWN CAUSES OF NUMBNESS, STIFFNESS,
VASOSPASM, LONG AND PAIN DURING
TERM EXPOSURE TO ATTACKS.
COLD OR MACHINERY.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS EXTRA NOTES


INTERVENTIONS
DEEP VEIN COMMON CAN BE USUALLY BED REST, VENOUS ANTICOAGULANTS, DX: POSITIVE
THROMBOSIS COMPLICATION ASYMPTOMATIC THROMBECTOMY, TED THROMBOLYTICS, HOMANS SIGN
(DVT) WITH UNTIL PULMONARY HOSE, FILTER MAY BE NSAIDS FOR PAIN. HELPS TO
HOSPITALIZATION, EMBOLISM OCCUR. INSERTED IF THROMBOSIS IS DIAGNOSE
SURGERY, AND CALF PAIN RECURRING. MAY USE (DORSIFLEX FOOT
IMMOBILIZATION. (TIGHTNESS, ELEVATION, WARM AND PT WILL HAVE
PRIMARILY IN ACHING, DULL), COMPRESSED TO REDUCE CALF PAIN)
CALVES OF LEG AND WORSE WITH SYMPTOMS. ASSESS PULSES DOPPLER
PELVIS. STASIS OF WALKING, AND COLOR, ASSESS ULTRASOUND OF
BLOOD, VESSEL TENDERNESS, RESPIRATORY AND CARDIAC AFFECTED LEG.
DAMAGE, AND SWELLING, STATUS FREQUENTLY TO
INCREASED WARMTH OF MONITOR FOR BREAKING
COAGUABILITY CALVES. MAY BE OFF OF CLOT. HOMANS
INCREASES RISK. CYANOTIC & IS SIGN. ELEVATE HOB,
ALSO EDEMATOUS. ENCOURAGE REST, ELEVATE
RARELY YOU MAY LEGS, INTAKE OF FLUIDS,
PALPATE A CORD ROM. IF GOING ON LONG
OVER THE VEIN. TRIPS, MOVE FEET AND LEGS
OFTEN. MONITOR LABS,
FREQUENT POSITION
CHANGES. ENCOURAGE
COMPLIANCE WITH
ANTICOAGULANT MEDS.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

DISORDER WHAT IT IS S & S TREATMENT/NURSING MEDS


INTERVENTIONS
VENOUS INADEQUATE VENOUS RETURN LEG EDEMA, ITCHING, RELIEVING SYMPTOMS, PROMOTE MEDS
INSUFFICIENCY OVER PROLONGED PERIOD. DVT DISCOMFORT. CYANOSIS, ADEQUATE CIRCULATION, HEALING AND FOR
& VENOUS MOST COMMON FREQUENT VENOUS STASIS ULCERS PREVENTING DAMAGED TISSUE, REDUCE ULCERS.
CAUSE. VEINS ARE OCCLUDED, DEVELOP (SHINY, EDEMA BY LIMITING STANDING,
STASIS ULCERS
CAUSES INCOMPETENT FLOW ATROPHIC, AND COMPRESSION HOSE, ELEVATION OF LEGS,
BACK TO HEART, BLOOD POOS CYANOTIC WITH TREAT ULCERS WITH BURROWS SOLUTION
IN LOWER EXTREMITIES. BROWNISH PIGMENT TO (BORIC ACID WITH ALUMINUM ACETATE)
PREVENTS BLOOD FROM TISSUE AROUND ULCER), OR SALINE APPLIED TO ULCERS WITH
MOUNTING INFLAMMATORY & MAY HAVE NECROSIS & TOPICAL STERIOD FOLLOWING. BED REST.
IMMUNE RESPONSES WHICH FIBROSIS OF TISSUE THAT MAY NEED SURGERY IF ULCER IS LARGE OR
PLACES AT RISK FOR INFECTION CAUSE LEG TO FEEL WILL NOT HEAL.
IN TISSUE. CAUSES VENOUS HARD. ASSESS LEGS FREQUENTLY NOTING PULSES,
STASIS ULCERS. COLOR, TEMP, ETC. ASSESS CARDIAC &
RESPIRATORY STATUS. WOUND STATUS IF
ULCER PRESENT. ENCOURAGE PT TO
ELEVATE LEGS & INCREASE CIRCULATION BY
WALKING & NOT STANDING STILL, DO NOT
CROSS LEGS, WEAR COMPRESSION HOSE,
NOTHING THAT PINCHES LEGS LIKE KNEE
HIGHS, KEEP SKIN CLEAN AND DRY.
DRESSING CHANGES.
CARDIAC DISORDERS

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