Related Literature

Adjustable weight exercise methods and apparatus

A vertical stack of weights is disposed beneath a base member, and at least one selector rod is
rotatably mounted on the base member and selectively rotated into engagement with a desired
number of the vertically stacked weights. A horizontal stack of weights is disposed on opposite
sides of a base member, and at least one selector rod is movably mounted on the base member
and selectively moved into engagement with the desired number of horizontally stacked weights.
Various combinations of these arrangements may be used to provide adjustable resistance to
exercise on dumbbells and/or weight stack machines.
(Krull, 2012)

Weight selector assemblies, exercise machines including such weight selector assemblies,
and related methods
An exercise machine may comprise a plurality of weights arranged in a stack, a stem, and a
plurality of weight selector switches mounted to the stem. Each weight selector switch of the
plurality of weight selector switches may be positioned and configured to selectively couple a
corresponding weight of the plurality of weights to the stem. A method of manufacturing a
weight selecting device may comprise providing a stem, and mounting a plurality of weight
selector switches to the stem.
(William T. Dalebout, 2015)

Exercise equipment having a weight stack, connectors for exercise equipment having a
weight stack and methods of assembling exercise equipment having a weight stack
Exercise equipment comprises a weight stack configured to oppose a given exercise motion
through a cable and pulley system and an elongated connector connecting the cable to a weight
stack. The elongated connector comprises a first threaded portion located proximate to the
weight stack and a second portion located distal from the weight stack. The first threaded portion
is engaged with the weight stack and has a diameter that is greater than a diameter of the second
portion such that an operator can visually determine whether the connector is fully engaged with
a threaded receptacle in the weight stack.
(Mathew Meyer, 2015)

Weight machine selector device

A weight selector for use with a weight lifting machine having a plurality of weights to be lifted
and an exertion element configured to exert force so as to lift a preselected amount of weight
comprising: a first selector element configured to mechanically select a first amount of weight to
be lifted; a second selector element configured to mechanically select a second amount of weight
to be lifted, the second selector element being movable relative to the first selector element; and
a distance limiting element configured to limit the distance between the first selector element and
the second selector element.
(Sela, 2012)

Fitness machine with weight selection and weight indicator

A means and method for automatically selecting an amount of weight to be connected to a cable
system in a fitness machine. When a dial is rotated to select a weight, a connected computer
receives the rotational position information, operates a program to determine the amount of each
weight to attach to the cable system and actuates solenoids accordingly to attach the weight to
the cable by inserting pins fully into weight stacks to connect weights to a rod connected to a
cable. The computer also displays the selected weight on the dial. When the new weight is
selected, one or more retracting solenoids draw any inserted pins partially out before any new
pins are fully inserted to connect the weights to the rod. This ensures that the system is cleared
before attaching any weights to the cable.

Magnetic Weight Selector

A weight plate for use in a weight stack of an exercise machine includes a locking member
moveably attached to the weight plate between an interlocked position and an unlocked position.
The weight plate further includes an interlocking magnet attached to the weight plate to retain
the locking member in the interlocked position and an unlocking magnet attached to the weight
plate to retain the locking member in the unlocked position.

Incremental weight and selector

An exercise apparatus comprises an incremental weight system. The incremental weight system
comprises an incremental weight and an incremental weight selector. The incremental weight
selector is liftable by a weight lift and has a lever movable between a lowered position and a
raised position to actuate the selector between an engaged position engaging the incremental
weight such that the incremental weight is liftable with a first weight by the weight lift and a
disengaged position disengaged from the incremental weight such that the first weight is liftable
independent of the incremental weight.

System Overview
The lat pull down machine is an exercise equipment which generally target the lattisimus
dorsi or lats muscle but also enhance some other muscles like the lower and middle trapezius,
the rhomboids, and the serratus anterior. The lat pull down machine requires the user to
manually adjust the resistance of the cable by adding additional weight on the weight stack,
frequent manual adding of weight on the stack is a tedious work to do. Automatic Lat Pull-up
Machine Weight Adjustment is a new project that aims to solve this problem. This project
proposes to automate the weight adjustment of the lat pull-up machine by automatically adding
weight on the stack to increase the resistance on the cable when the user pushes a button which is
located on the handle of the cable.

Software Program Specifications

 Arduino project provides Arduino integrated development environment (IDE), a cross-
platform application written in Java. Arduino IDE includes text editor where the program is written
and it also provides single-click mechanisms to compile and upload programs into an Arduino
board. It also contains a message area, a text console, a toolbar with buttons for common functions
and a hierarchy of operation menus.

Sketch is the program written within the IDE for Arduino. The sketch is also supported by
other programming languages like C++ and c using special rules of code structuring.

A basic Arduino sketch consists of two functions called setup() and loop(). Statement in
the setup() function are commonly declaration of inputs ,outputs , variables and constants and is
executed only once every time the sketch resets while the statements in the loop() function are
continuously executed after it has been programmed into the arduino.

Hardware Module Specification

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. Arduino is an open-
source, prototyping platform and its simplicity makes it ideal for hobbyists to use as well as
professionals. The Arduino Uno has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM
outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP
header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply
connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get
started.

Microcontroller ATmega328P
Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage
7-12V
(recommended)
Input Voltage
6-20V
(limit)
14 (of which 6 provide
Digital I/O Pins
PWM output)
PWM Digital I/O
6
Pins
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O
20 mA
Pin
DC Current for
50 mA
3.3V Pin
32 KB (ATmega328P) of
Flash Memory which 0.5 KB used by
bootloader
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328P)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328P)
 Clock Speed 16 MHz
LED_BUILTIN 13
Length 68.6 mm
Width 53.4 mm
Weight 25 g

Block Diagram

Motor

Input Micro Controller Unit Motor

Motor