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FUTURE SIMPLE
PRESENT SIMPLE
USE:
Examples:
My grandmother turns 100 this July.
Winter starts on 21 December.
WILL
USES:
1. Promises
2. Unplanned actions
3. Predictions
4. Habits
She will bit her lip if she is thinking or if she's nervous about something.
He will always make noise when we are sleeping.
Examples
Remember!
We often use "will" with:
probably, most likely
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I think
Im sure
I wonder (if, what, when, etc.)
I expect
SHALL
You can also use shall to express future in Future Simple. It is more formal than will,
and usually appears in formal speeches, agreements or guarantees.
The guarantee shall be provided on the following conditions:
We shall never surrender!
Remember!
Remember, you should never use will to say what somebody has already arranged or
decided to do in the future:
CORRECT: Mike is moving to New Jersey next month.
INCORRECT: Mike will move to New Jersey next month.
MORE EXAMPLES
I think he will regret his choice. (Use 3)
I will come back at 10 p.m. (Use 1)
If you will keep your watch half an hour slow it is hardly surprising that you are
late for your appointments. (Use 4)
John will keep dropping his towel on the floor after a bath. (Use 4)
I will visit my grandma at hospital. (Use 1 or Use 2)
Let's buy the snacks at the supermarketit will be cheaper that way. (Use 3)
When I'm 60 years old, I will be completely bald. (Use 3)
BE GOING TO
Uses
Examples:
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When we want to talk about future facts or things we believe to be true about the
future, we use 'will'.
If we are not so certain about the future, we use 'will' with expressions such as
'probably', 'possibly', 'I think', 'I hope'.
If you are making a future prediction based on evidence in the present situation, use
'going to'.
At the moment of making a spontaneous decision, use 'will'. Once you have made the
decision, talk about it using 'going to'.
I'll call Jenny to let her know. Sarah, I need Jenny's number. I'm going to
call her about the meeting.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
USE:
Examples:
I'm meeting Katie in the evening.
He's flying to Rome in September.
We're not going anywhere tomorrow.
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Both the present continuous and 'going to' can be used to talk about future plans and
arrangements even though they are present forms. This is because the future plan has
already been made and exists in the present, it is not something which is decided at the
moment of speaking.
Often there is very little difference between the two forms and you can use either,
however we tend to use the present continuous for a fixed arrangements, such as
appointments.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
We mainly use the Future Continuous to indicate that we will be in the middle of doing
something in a specified time in the future. There are also two other uses, listed below
in point 2 and 3:
USE
Examples
Good to know
If you want to learn about somebody's intentions, you should always use the Future
Continuous rather than the Present Simple. Using the Future Simple implies that you
want to influence somebody's decision. Questions become much more objective if
formed in the Future Continuous.
Compare:
o Will you come home? (= I want you to come home)
o Will you be coming home? (= I just want to know)
USE 2: Guesses
Use this tense also to make guesses about something in the present or future.
Examples:
USE 3: Questions
And the last use of the tense is to make polite questions about something or somebody.
Examples:
FUTURE PERFECT
We use the Future Perfect tense to talk about actions that will be finished before some
point in the future. We also use this tense to express situations that will last for a
specified period of time at a definite moment in the future. The last use is to express
certainty that an action was completed.
Examples
Time expressions that are commonly used with the Future Perfect:
o By
o By the time
o Before
o By tomorrow/7 o'clock/next month
o Until/till
The train will have left by now. We have to look for another way to get there.
(I'm sure the train has left)
The guests will have arrived at the hotel by now. (I'm sure the guests have
arrived at the hotel)
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By the next year, I will have been working as a teacher for 30 years.
We will be making a rest stop in half an hour, because you will have been
driving the car for 6 hours by then.
USE 1: Duration
Examples:
Before they come, we will have been cleaning the house for 5 hours.
By the next year, Ben and his wife will have been living together for 50 years.
By the next month, I will have been saving money for a new house for 4 years]
Common Time Expressions:
Time expressions that are commonly used with the Future Perfect Continuous:
o By tomorrow / 8 o'clock
o This year / month / week
o Next year / month / week
USE 2: Cause
Examples:
By this time, he will have been working for 12 hours, so he will be very tired.
We will be making a rest stop in half an hour, because you will have been
driving the car for 6 hours by then.
Note:
If duration of an activity (e.g. "since April", "for three hours") is unknown then
the Future Continuous should be used instead of the Perfect Form.
Example:
o I will be taking a bath.
o I will have been taking a bath.
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ACTIVITIES
1) Put in the verbs in brackets into the gap. Use will or going to.
13.Do you want me to help you? No thanks. John _____________ me. (to help)
14.Would you prefer tea or coffee? I _____________ some coffee, please. (to have)
15.Would you like to come to my house for dinner and talk about this? Good idea. I
_____________ some wine. (to bring)
17.What are your plans for next week? I _____________ to New York on business.
Probably on Tuesday but I haven't bought my ticket yet. (to fly)
18.What are your plans for the holidays? I _____________ my parents for a few days and
then go walking in Scotland. (visit)
19.Why are you wearing your best suit? I _____________ lunch with my biggest
customer. (to have)
20.Do you want to have the chicken or the beef? I think I _____________ the beef. (to
have)
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21.My head hurts. Sit down and I _____________ you an aspirin. (to get)
22.We need some more ink for the printer. I _____________ to the shop and get some.
(to go)
23.Look! There's smoke coming out of the photocopier. You turn it off and I
_____________ the safety officer. (to phone)
24.I cannot see how to use this spreadsheet. Don't worry. I _____________ you. (to help)
25.I need to speak to you today. I'm going out now but I _____________ back later. (to
be)
26.Did you phone Michael? I'm sorry. I completely forgot. I _____________ it now. (to
do)
27.Can you help me with this? I don't understand. I _____________ you a hand as soon as
I've finished this. (to give)
28.That's much too heavy for one person. I _____________ you a hand. (to give)
2) Use the verbs in brackets in the correct future tenses. Use will, going to, simple
present or present progressive.
40.Listen! There's someone at the door. I _____________ the door for you. (to open)
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3) Complete the sentences with the future continuous, future perfect or future perfect
continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
8. I'm afraid the books you ordered _____________ (not / arrive) by Friday.
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ANSWER KEY
1) Put in the verbs in brackets into the gap. Use will or going to.
9. Could somebody answer the phone? I WILL GET it. (to get)
12.Just a moment. I WILL HEP you with the bags. (to help)
14.Do you want me to help you? No thanks. John WILL HELP me. (to help)
15.I need to speak to you today. I'm going out now but I WILL BE back later. (to be)
16. What are your plans for next week? I AM GOING TO FLY to New York on business.
Probably on Tuesday but I haven't bought my ticket yet. (to fly)
17.Would you prefer tea or coffee? I WILL HAVE some coffee, please. (to have)
18. Would you like to come to my house for dinner and talk about this? Good idea. I
WILL BRING some wine. (to bring)
19. I've already decided. I AM GOING TO BUY a new car. (to buy)
20. Do you want to have the chicken or the beef? I think I WILL HAVE the beef. (to
have)
21. My head hurts. Sit down and I WILL GET you an aspirin. (to get)
22. Why are you wearing your best suit? I AM GOING TO HAVE lunch with my biggest
customer. (to have)
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23. We need some more ink for the printer. I WILL GO to the shop and get some. (to
go)
24. Look! There's smoke coming out of the photocopier. You turn it off and I WILL
PHONE the safety officer. (to phone)
25. I cannot see how to use this spreadsheet. Don't worry. I WILL HELP you. (to help)
26. What are your plans for the holidays? I AM GOING TO VISIT my parents for a few
days and then go walking in Scotland. (visit)
27. Did you phone Michael? I'm sorry. I completely forgot. I WILL DO it now. (to do)
28. Can you help me with this? I don't understand. I WILL GIVE you a hand as soon as
I've finished this. (to give)
29.That's much too heavy for one person. I WILL GIVE you a hand. (to give)
30.It's really hot in here. I WILL PUT on the air-conditioning. (to put)
2) Use the verbs in brackets in the correct future tenses. Use will, going to, simple
present or present continuous.
10.Listen! There's someone at the door. I WILL OPEN the door for you. (to open)
3) Complete the sentences with the future continuous, future perfect or future perfect
continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
1. We WILL BE MOVING (move) into our new house soon. I'm so excited.
2. I WILL HAVE BEEN GOING OUT (go out) with John for two years in May.
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4. This time tomorrow, we'll be celebrating because we WILL HAVE FINISHED (finish) our
exams.
7. This time next month I WILL HAVE BEEN DRIVING (drive) for ten years.
8. I'm afraid the books you ordered WONT HAVE ARRIVED (not / arrive) by Friday.