Annexure - III

DESIGN OF AQUEDUCT

1. Hydraulic particulars of canal at the location of the structure

S.No. Description Units Particulars

1 Discharge Required Cumecs 3.454
Designed Cumecs 3.685
2 Bed Width m 3.750
3 Full supply depth m 1.250
4 Free board m 0.600
5 Bed fall m 1 in 5800
6 Velocity m/sec 0.5898
7 Value of 'n' 0.0200
8 Side slopes (I/O) 1.5:1/ 2.0:1.0
9 Top width of banks (E/P) m 1.2 / 3.0 2.5 / 5.75
10 Canal bed level m 71.790 71.760
11 Full supply level m 73.040
12 Top of bank m 73.640
13 G.L / SBL m 68.150

2 Stream Particulars:

1. Catchment Area = 12.846 Sq. Km

2. Stream bed level at crossing = 68.150 m
Catchment Area = 12.846 Sq. Km Dickens Formula
Q = CM3/4 where C = 16.700 for catchment areas from > 2.5 & < 75 Sq. Kms
= 113.316 cumecs

3. Maximum Flood Discharge & Vent Way for stream flow:

Existing size of vent = 3 v 3.50 x 4.50
Existing area of vent way = 47.25 m 2

Now proposed as
2 vent 7.00 x 4.50 m clear span for stream flow.
with SLRB for continuty of inspectionpath.
Trough level = 71.790 m
Roof level = 71.450 m ( C.B.L-trough thickness - sealing coat)
Floor level = 67.050 m Existing

4. Vent way for Canal

1.5 times velocity = 0.885 m/sec

Area of Trough required = Q /V = 3.685 = 4.1653 m2

0.885

Size of Trough = 4.165 = 3.332

1.250

Size of Trough = 3.750 x 1.850 m

Assume the thichkness of trough = 0.225 m

Thickness of sealing coat = 0.04 m

III - 1
Size of Haunch = 0.075 x 0.225 m
Trough level = 71.790 m
Bottom level of Trough = 71.450 m

III - 2
5. Transitions ( canal flow )
Normal bed width of canal = 3.750 m
Width of the trough = = 3.750 m

Provide 5 m length of Transition with warped wings on either side.

5. 1.0 Stream flow

At entry & Exit
Width of Stream flow = 13.36 m at the structure
Transition width = 22 m
Length with 1 in 3 flare = 12.96 m
say 13 m

Design of Stream Waterway 7 8

1 2 3 4 5 6' 6
67.250

13.360

67.05
22.0 22.0

Stream flow
3 4 5 6' 6
1 2 Canal Flow
13 13 7 8
10.250

Floor depth at exit with BY-WIER formula Q = 1.05 L H 1.5

113.316 = 1.05 x 22.0 H 1.5

2/3
There fore H = 113.316
23.1

H = 2.887 m

Section 8 - 8: (Just outside the transition at the exit end)

+ 69.937

2.887 1.5:1

+ 67.050

22 m
Maximum Flood discharge = 113.316 cumecs
Maximum Flood Level at the end of transition = 69.937 m
Floor level = 67.050 m
Depth of flow available = 2.887 m
Area of flow = (22.00 + 1.5 x 2.887 ) x 2.887
= 76.016 sq.m.
Velocity = 113.316 / 76.016
= 1.491 m/sec

III - 2
V2/2g = 1.491 2 / ( 2x 9.81 )
= 0.1133 m

MFL at 8 - 8 = 69.937
TEL at 8 - 8 = 69.937 + 0.1133
= 70.050 m

III - 3
Section 7 - 7: (Just inside the transition at the exit end)

+ 69.911

2.861

+ 67.050

22

Assume a depth of flow of 2.861 m

Area = 22 x 2.861
= 62.942 sq.m.
Wetted Perimeter = 27.722 m
Velocity V = 113.316 / 62.942
= 1.800 m/sec
R hydraulic radius = A/ P = 2.270 m
V2/2g = 1.800 2 / ( 2x 9.81 )
= 0.1652 m
Loss of head = 0.5 x ( 0.1652 - 0.1133 )
= 0.0260
due to change in velocity from section 8 - 8 to section 7 - 7
TEL at 7 - 7 wrt section 8 - 8. = 70.050 + 0.0260
= 70.076

TEL at section 7 - 7 wrt assumed depth =

= 67.0500 + 2.861 + 0.1652
= 70.076
HENCE O.K.

Section 6 - 6: (Just outside the barrel at the exit end)

71.450 71.150
69.697
2.647 15

+ 67.050

13.36 m

Assume a depth of flow of 2.647 m

Area = 13.36 m +14.42 x 2.647
2
= 36.759 sq.m.
Velocity V = 113.316/ 36.759
= 3.083 m/sec
Weted perimetre = 13.360 + ( 2.00 x 1.0198 x 2.647 )
18.758 m
Hydraulic mean depth R = A/ P = 1.9597 m
V /2g
2
= 3.083 / 2
( 2x 9.81 )
= 0.4843 m

III - 4
Loss of head due to gradual expansion =
= 0.3 x ( 0.4843 - 0.1652 )
= 0.0957
frictional losses S = V2 n 2/ R 4/3
x L V= Average velocity = 2.441
R average = 2.115
n Value = 0.018
Length = 13
S= 0.0019 x 13.00 = 0.0092
2.7150

(due to change in velocity from section 7 - 7 to section 6 - 6)

TEL at 6 - 6 wrt section 7 - 7. = 70.076 + 0.0957 + 0.009
= 70.181

TEL at section 6 - 6 wrt assumed depth =

= 67.0500 + 2.647 + 0.4843
= 70.181
HENCE O.K.

The barrel roof level is 71.450 which is more than M.F.L at section 6-6 i.e + 69.697
Hence Barrel Runs partially
Section6' - 6' : (Just inside the barrel at the exit end)
71.450
71.15
+ 69.697
15
2.647

+ 67.050

13.36 m

Area = 13.36 +14.42 x 2.647

2.00
A= 36.759 sq.m.
Velocity = 113.316 / 36.759
= 3.083 m/sec
Wetted perimeter = 13.360 + ( 2.00 x 1.0198 x 2.647 )
= 18.758 m
R , A/P = 1.960
V2/2g 3.083 2 / ( 2x 9.81 )
= 0.4843 m

TEL at 6 - 6 wrt section 6'- 6'. = 67.050 + 2.647 + 0.4843

= 70.181

Section 5 - 5: (Just inside the barrel at the location of pier under trough.)
71.45
71.15
+ 69.646
15

III - 5
 2.596

+ 67.050

12.36 m

Area = 12.36 +13.40 x 2.596

2.00
A= 33.434 sq.m.
Velocity = 113.316 / 33.434
= 3.389 m/sec
Wetted perimeter = 12.360 + ( 2.00 x 1.0198 x 2.596 )
= 17.655 m
R , A/P = 1.894
V2/2g 3.389 2 / ( 2x 9.81 )
= 0.5855 m

TEL w.r.t assumed depth= 69.646 + 0.585

= 70.231
TEL at 5 - 5 wrt section 6- 6. = 70.181 +0.50 (0.5855 -0.484 )=
= 70.231

Section 4 - 4: (Just inside the barrel at the entrance end)

71.45

69.646
2.596

67.050

12.36 m
Assume a depth of flow of 2.596 m
Area A = 12.36 +13.398 x 2.596
2

= 33.434 sq.m.
Velocity V = 113.316 33.434
= 3.389 m/sec
Wetted perimeter = 12.360 + ( 2.00 x 1.0198 x 2.596 )
= 17.655 m
V2/2g = 3.389 2 / ( 2x 9.8 )
= 0.5855 m
Head loss due to change in velocity = 0.3 ( 0.5855 - 0.585 )
= 0.0000

Friction Losses:
Average Area A = (33.43 + 33.434 )/ 2
= 33.434 sq.m
Avg.Wetted perimeter p = 18 m

R = A/P

III - 6
 = 33.434 17.655
= 1.894 m V= Average velocity = 3.389
frictional losses S = V n /R
2 2 4/3
x L R average = 1.894
n Value = 0.018
Length = 13.000

S= 0.0037 x 13.00 = 0.0207

2.3430

= 0.021

=1/ x x @
TEL x 4-4 =x 70.231 + 0.021
= 70.252

Section 3 - 3: (Just outside the barrel at the entrance end)

69.880
2.830

67.050

13.36

Assume a depth of flow of 2.830 m

13.36 + 14.492 x 2.830
2.00
= 39.411 sq.m.
Velocity V = 113.316 / 39.411

III - 7
 = 2.875 m/sec
V /2g
2
= 2.875 2 / ( ( 2x 9.8 )
= 0.4214 m

Loss of head due to sudden contraction =

= 0.3 x ( 0.5855 - 0.4214 )
= 0.0492
(Due to change in velocity from section 4 - 4 to section 3 - 3)
TEL at 3 - 3 wrt section 4 - 4. = 70.252 + 0.0492
= 70.301
TEL at section 3 - 3 wrt assumed depth =
= 67.0500 + 2.830 +0.4214
= 70.301
HENCE O.K.

Section 2 - 2: Just inside the transition at the entry end:

70.225

3.175

67.050

22 m

Assume a depth of flow of 3.175 m

Area A = ( 22.000 x 3.175 )
= 69.841 sq.m.
wetted perimeter p = 28.349 m
Velocity V = 113.316 / 69.841
= 1.622 m/sec
V2/2g = 1.622 2 / ( 2x 9.8 )
= 0.1342 m
Loss of head due to gradual contraction =
= 0.2 x ( 0.4214 - 0.1342 )
= 0.0574
(Due to change in velocity from section 3 - 3 to section 2 - 2)
TEL at 2 - 2 wrt section 3 - 3 = 70.301 + 0.0574
= 70.359
TEL at section 2 - 2 wrt assumed depth =
= 67.050 + 3.175 0.1342
= 70.359
HENCE O.K.

Section 1 - 1: Just outside the transition at the entry end:

70.447

3.197 0.222 70.225

67.250 2.975

0.200 75 mm wearing coat

III - 8
 67.050
66.975

q = 113.316 = 5.151 Cumecs / running metre

22.000
q = 1.705 h3/2 + 0.8 (2gh)XH

5.151 = 1.705 h3/2 +0.8 (2g) h1/2 X 2.975

III - 9
 = 1.705 h3/2 + 10.5 h1/2

3.0210 = h3/2 + 6.182 h1/2

Solving for h, h= 0.22249026

3.0210 = 3.0210 ( LHS =RHS )

MFL over the drop wall = 70.225 + 0.2225

= 70.447 m

6. Total Energy Levels in the Canal:

ENERGY LINES
(Line diagram)
4 1
3 2
U/S
D/S Canal Waterway

AT FSL 3.75
7.50 71.790 71.790 7.50

17.000
5.000 m 3 5.000 m
4
2 1

4-4 3-3 2-2 1-1

Section : 4 - 4 (Just Outside the exit transition)
Cross Section = 3.750 x 1.250
Side slopes = 1.5 :1

Area = 3.750 + 1.50 x 1.250 x 1.250

= 7.031 sq.m
Discharge of canal Q = 3.685
Approach Velocity = 3.685 m3/sec
7.031
= 0.524 m/s
Velocity Head @ section 4 - 4 = V2
2g
= 0.524 2
1.5 :1 1.250 2x 9.81
= 0.014 m
3.750
CBL = 71.790
FSL = 73.040
T E L = FSL + V2
2g
T E L @ section 4 - 4 = 73.040 + 0.0140

III - 10
= 73.054 m

III - 11
 Section : 3 - 3 (Just Inside the exit of waterway)

Cross Section = 3.750 x 1.235

Area = 3.750 x 1.235
= 4.633 sq.m
1.235
Velocity = 3.685
3.750 4.633
= 0.795 m/s
Velocity Head @ section 3 - 3 = V2
2g
= 0.795 2
2 x 9.81
= 0.032243 m

Loss of head due to gradual Expansion from section 4-4 to 3-3

= 0.200 x 0.0322 - 0.0140
= 0.0036
T E L @ section 3 - 3 (w.r. to previous section)
= 73.054 + 0.0036
= 73.058 m
T E L @ section 3 - 3 (w.r. to Assumed depth)
= 71.790 + 1.235 + 0.032
= 73.058 m
Hence, Assumed depth of the section is OK

Section :2 - 2(Just Inside the Entrance of Waterway)

Cross Section = 3.750 x 1.235

Area = 3.750 x 1.235
= 4.633 sq.m
1.235
Velocity = 3.685
3.750 4.633
side slopes = 0.0 = 0.795 m/s
Velocity Head @ section 3 -3 = V2
2g
= 0.795 2
9.810
= 0.032 m

Loss of head in the waterway portion from section2 - 2 to 3 - 3

Wetted Perimeter (P) = b + 2* d

= 3.750 + 2 x 1.235
= 3.750 + 2.4710
= 6.221 m

Hydraulic Radius (R) = A

P
= 4.633 = 0.745
6.221

III - 12
 Mannings Roughness coefficient (n) = 0.018

Surface fall (By Manning Equation) S = Vn 2

R 2/3

S = 0.7954 x 0.018 2
0.7448 2/3

S = 0.00030

III - 13
 Length of waterway = 17.000 m
Loss of head in the waterway portion from section 2 - 2 to 3- 3
= 0.0003 x 17.00
= 0.0052 m

TEL's @ section 2-2 = 73.058 + 0.0052

= 73.060 m

Section : 1 - 1 (Just Outside the entry transition)

Cross Section = 3.750 x 1.258
Side slopes = 1.500

Area = 3.750 + 1.50 x 1.258 x 1.258

= 7.092 sq.m

Velocity = 3.685
7.092
= 0.520 m/s
Velocity Head @ section 1-1 = V2
2g
= 0.520 2
1.5 :1 1.258 2 x 9.81
= 0.014 m
3.750

Loss of head due to gradual Contraction from section 3 - 3 to 4 - 4

= 0.100 x 0.0322 - 0.0138
= 0.002

T E L @ section 1 - 1 (w.r. to previous section) = + 73.060 + 0.002

= + 73.062 m

T E L @ section 1 - 1 (w.r. to Assumed depth) = + 71.790 + 1.258 + 0.014

= + 73.062 m
Hence, Assumed depth of the section is OK

FSL. is at the + 71.790 + 1.25 = 73.040

FSL arrived = 73.048 m
Afflux = 0.812 cm Hence ok
7. Scour Depth Calculations:
For stream
U/S 1 / 3
Mean scour depth = q 2 f = 1.875 Average of coarse and fine sand
1 . 34
f

q= 113.316 = 5.151 cumecs

22.000
R= 3.241 m

Max scour depth = 1.5 x R

= 4.862

III - 14
Maximum scour level = 70.447 - 4.862 = 65.586 m

A cutt off of 2.0 m is provided at i.e @ 65.050 m on U/S

D/S
1 / 3
Mean scour depth = q 2
1 . 34
f
q= 113.316 = 5.151 cumecs
22.00

III - 15
 R= 3.241 m

Max scour depth = 1.5 x R

= 4.862
Maximum scour level = 69.937 - 4.862 = 65.075 m

A cutt off of 2.0 m is provided at i.e @ 65.050 m on D/S

For Canal
U/S 1 / 3
q 2
Mean scour depth = 1 . 34
f

q= 3.685 = 0.655 cumecs Avg length= ( bed width +width at fsl)/2

5.625 = 5.625
R= 0.820 m

Max scour depth = 1.5 x R

= 1.230
Maximum scour level = 73.060 - 1.230 = 71.830 m

A cutt off wall of 1.50 m is provided at the u/s of Canal i.e 70.290 m

D/S
1 / 3
Mean scour depth = q 2
1 . 34
f
q= 3.685 = 0.655 cumecs
5.63
R= 0.820 m

Max scour depth = 1.5 x R

= 1.230
Maximum scour level = 73.040 - 1.230 = 71.810 m

A cutt off wall of 1.50 m is provided at the D/s of Canal i.e 70.290 m

III - 16
 13.36

68.450

III - 17
m/sec
m

-0.484

III - 18
 0.000

III - 19
m/sec
m

III - 20
 0.000

mm wearing coat

III - 21
III - 22
AT FSL

III - 23
III - 24
III - 25
Average of coarse and fine sand

III - 26
Avg length= ( bed width +width at fsl)/2
m

III - 27
8. DESIGN OF TROUGH SLAB:

0.250

0.60

2.190 1.25

0.04
0.340 0.225
0.075 3.750

The following stresses are adopted water side face

Stress in concrete ( c ) = 70 Kg/cm2
Stress in Steel = 1900 kg/cm2
Concrete mix = M20 grade
Unit weight of R .C .C = 2500 Kg/m2

Unit Weight of water = 1000 Kg/m2

The other standard co-efficients are
m = 13.333
n = 0.329
j = 0.890
Q = 10.263

Size of trough = 1 bay of

depth of flow in the trough = 1.250 m
Free board = 0.60 m
Depth of water considered = depth of flow in the trough
Depth of water considered = 1.250 + 0.60
Depth of trough = 1.850 m
width of bay = 3.750 m
The trough bottom slab is designed as Simply supported spanning between beams
Assuming thickness of slab = 225 mm with 40
Assuming clear cover of 30 mm and Adopting 16
Effective depth of slab = 225 - 30
= 187 mm or 18.7

Effective span of slab = clear span + deff

= 3.750 0.187
= 3.937 m
Loads per metre length:

1) Self weight of slab = 0.225 x 2500

2) Weight of sealing coat = 0.04 x 2500
III - 11
Total weight ( W)
x + -

III - 12
10.1 DESIGN OF SIDE WALL OF TROUGH: x + -
0.250
0.6
Mix adopted
3.750 Stress in steel
1.25 Q
2.190 J
n

0.04
0.225
0.075
0.225
Total height of side wall = 0.60 + 1.25 + 0.04
= 2.190 m (or) 219 cm
The side wall is designed as a simply supported beam in between the abutment & piers with
clear span of 7.00 m to support the vertical load due to own we
the load coming from the trough slab and the water in the trough. The side wall is also checked fo
Assuming the width of beam = 25 cm
Clear span = 7.000 m
Top width of abutment = 0.900 m
Width of pier = 1.000 m
Width of bearing = 0.494 m
Clear cover to beam = 0.050
assume the dia of Main reinforcement = 20 mm
Effective depth of beam = 2190 - 50.0 - 10

Effective span = 7.000 + 0.494

Slenderness limits for beams to ensure lateral stability :
To ensure lateral stability, The clear distance between the lateral supports
according to para 23.3 of IS:456-2000 should not exceed.
i) 60b (or) whichever is less
ii) 250 b /d
2

Where
'd' is the effective depth of the beam and
'b' the breadth of the compression face
The clear distance between lateral supports = clear span = 7.00
= 700
i) 60b = 60 x 25
ii) 250 b2 / d = 250 x 2.93
Mininum of above i and ii = 733.57 cm greater than
HENCE SAFE
Check for vertical deflection:
As per para 23.2.1 of IS 456 : 2000 the vertical deflection limits may generally be assum
the span to depth ratio is less than 20 for Simply supported spans up
20x 10/span for Simply supported spans gre

Span = 700.00

III - 13
 Eff. depth 213.00
= 3.29 < 20
HENCE SAFE
LOADS (per m run) :
i) Dead load of side wall = 2.190 x 0.25 x
ii) Weight of trough slab = 0.225 x 3.75 /2 x
ii) Wt. of sealing coat = 0.04 x 3.75 /2 x
v) weight of haunches = 0.075 x 0.225 /2 x
v) weight of fillets = 0.075 x 0.225 /2 x
i) weight of water = 1.85 x 3.75 /2 x

Bending moment BM = wl2 / 8 = 6121.88 x 7.494

= 4297559 Kgcm
MR = Q bd2
d(req.) = M/Qb
= 4297559 / 10.26329
= 129.42 cm

d (available) = 213.000 cm > d(Req.)

HENCE SAFE

Design same as done for Super Passage

x x / x/ x x x /+/ x / x x

III - 14
 Away from water face

3.75 m width

+ free board
= 1.850 m

mm thick sealing coat over it

mm bars as main reinforcement
- 8
cm

= 562.5 kg/m
= 100 kg/m
III - 15
 = 662.5 kg/m
- /

III - 16
 - /

= M20
= 1900 Kg/cm2
= 10.263 C = 70 Kg/cm2
= 0.890 m = 13.333
= 0.329

+ 0.225 + 0.075

between the abutment & piers with

o support the vertical load due to own weight and
e trough. The side wall is also checked for the water thrust

= 2130.0 mm
= 213.0 cm
= 7.494 m

m
cm
= 1500 cm
= 733.6 cm
greater than 700 cm

l deflection limits may generally be assumed to be satisfied provided that

for Simply supported spans up to 10 m
for Simply supported spans greater than 10 m

III - 17
HENCE SAFE

2500 = 1368.75 Kg
2500 = 1054.69 Kg
2500 = 187.50 Kg
2500 = 21.09 Kg
2500 = 21.09 Kg
1000 = 3468.75 Kg
Total weight: 6121.88 Kg
2
x 100 / 8

x 25

129.42 cm

x x /

III - 18
9. Design of Canal aquaduct Abutment

TBL 73.640

W8
1.85
w1 w1' +71.790
71.72 W7 0.340
+71.150 +71.450
0.494
W6 w2
5.740 P1 W9 1

W3
5.100

5
0.250
P2 W5 W4
A 0.820 67.05 SBL
3.420 w4'
w5' 1.000 2.190
0.3 1.600 1.000 1.820 +66.050 0.04
B W10 0.500
+65.550
C 4.420
5.020
0.250
Density of concrete RCC = 2.500 t/m 3

Density of concrete CC = 2.400 t/m3

Density of soil = 2.100 t/m3
Density of water = 1.000 t/m3
Surcharge Load = 1.100 t/m3 Clear span 7.00
Width of bearing = 0.494
Load from Trough W1

From side walls (2 nos) = 2.0 x 0.25 x 2.190 x 7.988 x 2.50

Trough slab = 3.75 x 0.225 x 7.988 x 2.50
Sealing coat = 3.75 x 0.04 x 7.988 x 2.40
haunches (2 nos) = 2.0 x 0.225 x 0.075 x 7.988 x 2.400
Fillets (2nos) = 2.00 x 0.150 x 0.15 x 7.988 x 2.400
Weight of water = 3.75 x 1.85 x 7.988 x 1.000

Total Load

Load shared on abutment = 49.259 t

Length of abutment = 1.00 x 3.75 + 2 x 0.250
+ 2 x 0.250
= 4.750 m
load / m run W1 = 49.259 4.750
= 10.370 t/m
Load of w1' = 0.506 x 0.3 x 2.40

Total Moments about 'A' at the base level

III - 13
 Load (t)
Load Description L.A
Hor. Ver.

W1+w1' As calculated above w1+ w1' 10.735 2.353

W2 0.494 x 0.640 x 2.400 0.759 1.847
W3 1.000 x 4.100 x 2.400 9.840 2.100
W4 0.500 x 0.820 x 4.100 x 2.400 4.034 2.873
W5 0.500 x 1.600 x 4.665 x 2.400 8.957 1.067
W6 0.500 x 1.600 x 4.215 x 2.100 7.081 0.533
W7 1.600 x 0.525 x 2.400 2.016 0.800
W8 2.094 x 1.850 x 1.000 3.874 1.047
Pv 0.0384 x 0.70^ -0.28 ^ 1.100 1.757 ----
Ph 0.1340 x 0.70^ -0.28 ^ 1.100 6.132 2.390
P1 1.850 x 4.740 x 1.000 8.769 2.37
P2 0.50 x 4.740 x 4.740 x 1.000 11.234 1.580
V = 49.053 t M =

III - 14
= 1.85 x 1.00 + 0.525 x 2.400 +4.215 =
1.100 1.100

= 1.85 x 1.00 + 0.525 x 2.400 = 2.827

1.100 1.100

Lever arm = M V
= 131.103 49.053
= 2.673 m

Base Width (b) / = 1.710 m

Ecentricity = Lever arm - base width /2

= 0.963 m
Allowable ecentricity = b/6
= 0.570 m
< 0.963 m
Revise the section

Max. Compressive Stress = V/b (1 + 6 x e / b)

= 38.567 t / m2

Min.Compressive stress = V/b (1 - 6 x e / b)

= -9.881 t / m2

Total Moments about 'B' at the base level

Load (t)
Load Description L.A
Hor. Ver.

W1+w1' As calculated above w1+ w1' 10.735 2.353

W2 0.494 x 0.640 x 2.400 0.759 1.847
W3 1.000 x 4.100 x 2.400 9.840 2.100
W4 0.500 x 0.820 x 4.100 x 2.400 4.034 2.873
W4' 0.500 x 1.000 x 1.000 x 2.400 1.200 3.753
W5 0.500 x 1.600 x 4.625 x 2.400 8.880 1.067
W5' 3.420 x 1.000 x 2.400 8.208 1.710
W6 0.500 x 1.600 x 5.215 x 2.100 8.761 0.053
W7 1.600 x 0.525 x 2.400 2.016 0.800
W8 2.094 x 1.850 x 1.000 3.874 1.047
Pv 0.0384 x 0.74^ -0.22 ^ 1.100 2.100 ----
Ph 0.1340 x 0.74^ -0.22 ^ 1.100 7.328 2.818
P1 1.850 x 5.740 x 1.000 10.619 2.870
P2 0.50 x 5.740 x 5.740 x 1.000 16.474 1.913
V = 60.407 t M =
converting water and concrete area in terms of soil
= 1.85 x 1.00 + 0.525 x 1.000 +5.215 =

III - 15
 1.100 1.100

= 1.85 x 1.00 + 0.525 x 1.000 = 2.159

1.100 1.100

Lever arm = M V
= 175.711 60.407
= 2.909 m

Base Width (b) / = 2.210 m

III - 16
 Ecentricity = Lever arm - base width /2
= 0.699 m
Allowable ecentricity = b/6
= 0.737 m
> 0.699 m
Hence Ok

Max. Compressive Stress = V/b (1 + 6 x e / b)

= 26.631 t / m2

Min.Compressive stress = V/b (1 - 6 x e / b)

= 0.703 t / m2

Total Moments about 'C' at the foundation level

Load (t)
Load Description L.A
Hor. Ver.

W1+w1' As calculated above w1+w1' 10.735 2.653

W2 0.494 x 0.640 x 2.400 0.759 2.147
W3 1.000 x 4.100 x 2.400 9.840 2.400
W4 0.500 x 0.820 x 4.100 x 2.400 4.034 3.173
W4' 0.500 x 1.000 x 1.000 x 2.400 1.200 4.053
W5 0.500 x 1.600 x 4.100 x 2.400 7.872 1.367
W5' 3.420 x 1.000 x 2.400 8.208 2.010
W6 0.500 x 1.600 x 5.215 x 2.100 8.761 0.353
W7 1.600 x 0.525 x 2.400 2.016 1.100
W8 2.094 x 1.850 x 1.000 3.8739 1.347
W9 0.300 x 5.740 x 1.100 1.894 0.150
0.300 x 1.850 x 1.000 0.555 0.150
W10 5.020 x 0.500 x 2.400 6.024 2.510
Pv 0.0384 x 0.79^ -0.22 ^ 1.100 2.439 ----
Ph 0.1340 x 0.79^ -0.22 ^ 1.100 8.510 3.029
P1 1.850 x 6.240 x 1.000 11.544 3.12
P2 0.50 x 6.240 x 6.240 x 1.000 19.469 2.080
V = 68.211 t M =
converting water and concrete area in terms of soil
= 1.85 x 1.00 + 0.525 x 1.000 +5.740 =
1.100 1.100

= 1.85 x 1.00 + 0.525 x 1.000 = 2.159

1.100 1.100

Lever arm = M V
= 226.955 68.211 t
= 3.327 m

Base Width (b) / = 2.510 m

Ecentricity = Lever arm - base width /2

III - 17
 = 0.817 m
Allowable ecentricity = b/6
= 0.837 m
> 0.817 m
Hence Ok

Max. Compressive Stress = V/b (1 + 6 x e / b)

= 26.860 t / m2

Min.Compressive stress = V/b (1 - 6 x e / b)

= 0.315 t / m2

III - 18
Design of Bed Blocks under trough:

1. Weight of trough including Side walls, wearing coat, honches and Fillets

2. Weight of water in the trough

Total Load =

Load on the Abutment = 98.519 /

= 49.259 t

Load transmitted by each side beam = 49.26 /

= 24.630 t

Therefore, Total Load on bed Block = 24.630 t

= (0.494+0.012 ) x( 0.3+2*0.2 ) x 0.3
Providing a bed block of 0.506 m x 0.700 m x 0.3 m

Weight of bed block = 0.506 x 0.70 x

= 0.266 t

Total load on the abutment under the bed block = 24.630

= 24.895

Intensity of pressure under the bed block = 24.90 0.494

0.506 x 0.7
= 70.286 t/m2
= 7.03 Kg /cm2

Which is Permissible.
Adopting the bed blocks in VRCC M 20
1.00
10 No.s 16 mm Bars
Providing 1% of G.S.A. = 1 x 30 x 50.60
100
= 15 Sq. cm

No. of 16 mm diameter bars = 7.55 10

Provide 5 bars at top & 5 bars at bottom

Provide 4 Legged 8 mm bars 300 c/c as transverse reinforce ment

III - 19
 0.494

0.60

1.250

0.225 0.340
3.750

= 21.867 t
= 16.850 t
= 2.876 t
= 0.647 t
= 0.863 t
= 55.417 t

= 98.519 t

( top width of side walls)

= 0.3643 t/m

III - 20
 Moment (t-m)

25.259
1.401
20.664
11.592
9.554
3.777
1.613
4.056

14.655
20.783
17.749
131.103 t - m

III - 21
 7.042

Moment (t-m)

25.259
1.401
20.664
11.592
4.504
9.472
14.036
0.467
1.613
4.056

20.651
30.477
31.520
175.711 t - m

7.374

III - 22
 Moment (t-m)

28.479
1.629
23.616
12.802
4.864
10.758
16.498
3.096
2.218
5.218
0.284
0.083
15.120

25.777
36.017
40.495
226.955 t - m

7.899

III - 23
 = 43.102 t

= 55.42 t
Total Load = 98.52 t

size

0.3 x 2.5

+ 0.266
t

0.494
0.506

0.30

1.00

No.s
Section X-X

c/c as transverse reinforce ment

III - 24
 0.02
W7 TBL 73.640
73.565 W1
w3 72.975
0.49 72.675
W2
00

7.590 W6
W5
71.15 5.925 stresses at Base max
W8 31.134
W4
w4'
A 1.70 1.0 0.82 67.050 stresses on soil max
w5' 1.820 w4'' 1.000 22.438
0.300 0.3 66.050
0.5 B 4.520 w9
C 65.550
5.120

Design same as done for Single Lane Road Bridge

III - 17
 min
3.648

min
9.510

III - 18
 11.DESIGN OF PIER
+ 71.790
0.040
0.225 + 71.450
0.075 71.150
1.000

SMFL + 69.646

4.900

SBL + 67.050
0.5 0.3 1.000 0.3 + 66.550
0.5 0.3 1.600 0.3 + 66.050
0.5 + 65.550
2.200

1.000 5.550
4.550

6.150 6.750

stresses at

stresses on
1.600
2.200

Design same as done for Super Passage

III - 18
DESIGN OF PIER

+ 71.450

stresses at Base max min

33.984 23.047

stresses on soil max min

14.132 9.495

III - 19
 12 DESIGN OF PIER FOR SLRB

12.1.0 Details of structures

a. Carraiage way = 4.25 m
b.Width of slab including kerbs o/o = 5.0 m
c. Dia of column (assumed) circular = 1.3 m
d. Dia of column at bottom = 1.3 m
e.Size of footing = 4.8 m
f. Depth of footing = 0.60 m
g. Clear span in between bearing pedestal = 7.0 m
h. Bearing = 0.49 m
h.Effective span = 7.49 m
i.Depth of hammer head = 0.70
i. Effective cover = 50 mm
Sectional properties of circular column and foundation
Diameter (D) = 1.3 m
Percetage of steel assumed (Pt) = 0.8 %
modular ratio = 10 (According to IRC 21 clause 303.1 )
Area of column (Ac) = 1.327 m2
Area of steel assumed = 0.0106 m2 or 106.19 cm2
Equivalent area of concrete (Ae) = Ac + (m-1) As
= 1.327 + (10-1) 0.011
= 1.423 m 2

Moment of inertia I = 22 x D4
7 64 4
= 22 x 1.3
7 64
= 0.1403 m 4

Mean diametre of the column, Dm = D- 2 ('effective cover )

= 1.3 - 2 x0.05
= 1.2 m
Equivalent moment of inertia, Ie = I +(m-1) As x D m 2 / 8 2
= 0.1403 +(10-1) x 0.0106 x1.20
8
= 0.140 + 0.0172
Equivalent moment of inertia, Ie = 0.157 m 4

Equivalent section modulus, Ze = Ie /d/2

= 0.157 / 1.30/2
= 0.242 m3
Properties of column @ base =
Equivalent area = 1.423 m2
Z of column at base = 0.242 m3

Radius og Gyration = 5 x radius = 0.727 m

2
Properties of foundation section 2
Area = 3.142 x 4.8

III - 19
 4
= 18.098 m 2

3
Zxx = 3.142 x 4.8
32
= 10.859 m3

Zyy = 10.859 m3

III - 20
 RCL + 73.640
0.075 Deck slab
0.590

72.175 1.000

2.529
1.3
6.025 SMFL + 69.646

2.596

SBL + 67.050

1.300 0.90

+ 66.150
1.500 0.30
+65.850
4.800 0.30
+65.550
0.3 +65.250
5.400

12.2.0 Loads comming on the columns 0.25

a) Dead load
1)Dead load from super structure. = 73.561 t
2) Dead load from hammer head = 8.669 t (5x0.25+((5-1.30)/2)x0.45+1.3x0.45)x1.3x 2.5
3) Dead load from bearing pedestal = 1.25 t (5.0x 0.1x2.5x1)

4) Weight of column = 1.327 6.025 x 2.5

a. Up to footing
(72.175 - 66.150 )= 6.025 = 19.993 t

5. weight of column with 15 % buoyancy 19.993 - 19.993 x 1.00 x15.00

2.5 100
= 18.793 t
6. Weight of foundation
Volume of footing = 10.334 (3.142x 4.8x4.8)/4x 0.3+(((3.142x4.8x4.8)/4)-((4.8-1.
Weight = 25.834
7. wieght of footing with 100 % buoyancy 25.834 x 1.5
2.5
= 15.501 t
b)Live load reaction
IRC class A loading
2.7 2.7 11.4 11.4 6.8 6.8
2.5 1.1 3.2 1.2 4.3 3 0.19

7.49 m 0.51 7.49 m

C 0.69 Ra Rb D

III - 21
Reaction calculations
Taking moments about C
Ra x 7.49 = 11.4 x 6.80 + 2.700 x 3.60 +2.70 x

Ra = 12.549 t

Taking moments about D

Rb x 7.49 = 11.400 x 7.490 + 6.8 x3.19 +6.80 x

Rb = 14.469 t
Ra +Rb = 27.017 t and Ra - Rb = 1.920 t

live load on bridge = 27.017 t

Impact factor = 4.5 = 0.33 ( no impact as the height of the column is more than 3.0 m )
6+L
Live load reaction = 27.017 t

Maximum reaction
Dead loads = 73.561 t
Dead load +Live load = 100.578 t

12. 3.0 Horizontal forces

7.3.1 Braking force or tractive force on column due to Class A train of vehicles
for span BD
Braking effect on simply supported span = 0.2 x ( 2 x 11.4 + 2 x 6.8 ) =
Braking force = 7.28 t acting at a height of 1.2 m above the Deck
change in vertical reaction due to = 7.28 x ( 1.2 +0.59 +0.075 )/
Braking force = 1.813 t
for span CA
Braking effect on simply supported span = 0.2 x ( 2 x 7) =
Braking force = 1.08 t acting at a height of 1.2 m above the Deck
change in vertical reaction due to = 1.08 x ( 1.2 +0.59 +0.075 )/
Braking force = 0.269 t
Change in vertical reaction = Ra-Rb= 1.813 - 0.269 = 1.544 t
Moment at base of column + 66.150 = 7.28 + 1.080 x 6.825
( 72.975 - 66.150 ) 2
= 28.5285 tm
moment about the top of the soil +65.550 = 7.28 + 1.08 x( 6.825 +0.60 )
2
= 31.0365 t -m

12.3.2 Moment due to live load eccentricity

a)Eccentricity perpendicular to road way i.e in the stream flow direction (Longitudinal )
Distance of C.G of LL from the edge of the bridge (0.15+0.25+1.8/2 ) = 1.3 m
Eccentricity of loads from the centre line of bridge 4.25 -1.30 = 0.825 m
2
4.25

III - 22
 1.3 1.8
0.15 0.5 0.825 0.5
e

2.125

Max. live load reaction = = 27.017 + 1.544 = 28.561 t

Considered at the point of action of live load i.e centre of bearin
Moment = 28.561 x 0.825 = 23.563 t-m

b) Transverse eccentricity 0.02

0.51

1 0.245 m
1.3
Maximum live load Ra-Rb = 1.920 + 1.544 = 3.464 t
Eccentricity = 0.51 0 = 0.255 m
2
Moment = 3.464 x 0.255 = 0.883 t-m

12.4.0 Wind force (clause 212.3 of IRC -6:2000)

case A wind force on deck slab, column,column head and live load
Exposed height of deck = 0.665 m
Kerb = 0.225 m
parapet of 0.6 height = 0.6 m
1.490 m
C.G of exposed area
= 0.890 x 0.890 /2 + 0.6 x 1.190
0.890 + 0.6
= 0.745 m
acting @ E.L + 72.975 + 0.745 = 73.720 m

Height above stream flood level 73.720 - +69.646 = 4.074 m

Height above SBL 73.720 - +67.050 = 6.670 m
Horizontal wind pressure for 0 m height 40 Kg /m2
2 m height 52 Kg /m2
4 m height 63 Kg /m2
6 m height 73 Kg /m2
8 m height 82 Kg /m2
10 m height 91 Kg /m2
Horizontal pressure @ 6.670 m height = 76.015 Kg /m2

Horizontal pressure @ 4.074 m height = 63.370 Kg /m2

wind force at 4.074 m height = 7.98 x 63.370 /

III - 23
 = 0.7535 t

wind force at 6.670 m height = 7.98 x 76.015 /

= 0.9038 t
For sreamfull condition
Moment @ top of column base = 0.7535 x 7.570 = 5.704 t-m
Moment @ top of soil = 0.7535 x 8.170 = 6.156 t-m

For stream Empty condition

Moment @ top of column base = 0.904 x 7.570 = 6.842 t-m
Moment @ top of soil = 0.904 x 8.170 = 7.384 t-m

Case B Wind force on live load

case 1 Taking maximum length of vehicle permitted in one span , joint to joint = 7.98 m
As per clause 212.4 of IRC -6:2000 the wind force should be 300 kg/linear m for ordinary bridge .
For classA- loading,the max . force will be acing on 7.98 m length of truck with 300
Wind force = 7.98 x 300 / 1000
= 2.394 t
acting at a height of 1.5 m above the road level
Total lever arm from the top of column 0.665 + 1.5 = 2.165
Moment at the base of the column = 2.394 x( 2.165 + 6.825 )
= 21.52 t-m

Moment at the top of the soil = 2.394 x( 2.165 + 7.425 )

= 22.96 t-m

Case A+B total moment due to wind force on super structure and on Live load
Moment at the base of the column = 6.8420 + 21.52 = 28.364 t-m
Moment at the top of the soil = 7.384 + 22.96 = 30.343 t-m

Case 2 As per 212.6 of IRC -6 :2000 the wind force shall not be less than
450 kg/m acting @ kerb level i.e + 73.865
Height up to column base 73.865 - + 66.150 = 7.715
Height above footing 73.865 - +65.550 = 8.315
Wind force = 7.98 x 450 / 1000
= 3.591 t
Moment at the base of the column = 3.591 x 7.715 = 27.70 t-m
Moment at the top of the soil = 3.591 x 8.315 = 29.86 t-m
Case 3 As per 212.7 of IRC -6 :2000 the wind force shall not be less than 240 kg/m2 is considered

Wind force = 1.490 x 240 x 7.98 /

= 2.854 t
Moment at the base of the column = 2.854 x 7.570 = 21.60 t-m
(6.67+0.9 )
Moment at the top of the soil = 2.854 x 8.170 = 23.31 t-m

Govering wind moments @ base of pier = 28.364 t-m

Moment at top of the soil = 30.343 t-m
III - 24
12.5.0 Force due to water currents in the canal ( as per para 213.2.0 of IRC -6:2000)
Intencity of pressure due to water currents P = 52 K V2
where k = 0.66 (semi circular)
Maximum mean velocity of the canal(v) = 113.32 / 33.434 = 3.389 m/sec
Maximum velocity (V)= 2 v = 1.414 x 3.389 = 4.792 m/sec
Maximum V 2
= 22.966 m/sec
Maximum velocity (U ) at base of column
2
= 0 m/sec V2 = 2 v 2 =
+ 69.646

4.1

+ 67.050 0
1.5

12.6.1 Water force across the direction of streamflow case 1 transverse +65.550
Pressure @ MFL @ + ( + 69.646 )= 52 k v sin 20
2 0

Intensity of pressure at MFL = 52 x 0.66 x 22.966 x

= 269.583 kg/m

Pressure @ SBL + 67.050 = 0 kg/m

Lever arm = 2.596 x 2.00 = 1.731 m
3

Total force on the column = 269.583 x 2.596 x 1.300 =

2
Moment at the base of the column = 454.894 x (1.731 + 0.90 ) =
1000

Moment about the top of the soil = 454.894 x ( 2.631 + 0.6 )=

1000

12.6.2 force due to water currents along the direction of stream flow as per para 213.2.0 of IRC (Case 2 )
Pressure @ MFL @ P = 52 k v 2 cos200
= 52 x 0.66 x 22.966 x
= 740.672 kg/m

Pressure @ SBL @ + 0.000 = 0 kg/m

Lever arm = 1.731 m

Total force on the column = 740.672 x 2.596 x 1.300 =

2

III - 25
Moment at the base of the column = 1249.812 x (1.731 + 0.90 ) =
1000

Moment about the top of the soil = 1249.812 x( 2.631 + 0.6 )=

1000

The moment obtained in case (1) should not be less than the moments due to net hydrostatic pressure with a difference of
250 mm in water levels on opposite faces of column ( As per 213.6 of IRC bridge code ) as below

In Canal flow direction:

Water force in road way direction due to 250mm difference in water levels between the opposite
faces of the column From clause 213.6 of IRC: 6-2000

250 mm
MFL + 69.646
2.596 1.3 69.396
2.346
SBL + 67.050
1.300 0.900
+ 66.150
0.600
+ 65.550
Depth of flow in stream = 2.596 m

Average length of pier = 1.30 m 0.000

Depth of pier from SBL to the top of foundation = 0.90 m

2
Moment at + 66.150 = 1/2 x ( 2.596 ) x 2.596 +
M1 = 7.733 t-m 3
2
M2 = 1/2 x ( 2.346 )x ( 2.346 + 0.900 )x
= 6.017 t-m 3
M1 - M2 = 1.716 t-m
2
Moment at + 65.550 = 1/2 x ( 2.596 ) ( 2.596 /3 +

M1 = 10.361 t-m
2
M2 = 1/2 x ( 2.346 ) ( 2.346 /3 +
0
= 8.164 t-m
M1 - M2 = 2.198 t-m
Govering moments @ 66.150 = 1.716 t-m
Govering moments @ 65.550 = 2.198 t-m

12.7.0 Direct loads With out Buoyancy With 15 % Buoyancy

III - 26
1) Dead load from super structure 73.561 73.561
2) Dead load of hammer head 8.669 8.669
3) Dead load of bearing pedestal 1.25 1.25
4) Live load 27.017 27.017
5) weight of column 19.993 18.793
6)Change in vertical reaction due to breaking force 1.813 1.813
Ttal direct loads 132.30 131.10

Sno Vertical loads and moments Loads with out with 15 % buoyancy Lontudinal moment
1 From super strucure
2 Bearing pedestals 132.30 131.10
3 Bed blocks
4 Live loads
5 Live load eccentricity 23.563
6 Effect of transverse eccentricity
7 Braking force (Momnt)
8 Water currents 3.288
9 wind force 28.36
Resultant with out wind effect = 132.303 131.10 26.851
Resultant with wind effect = 132.303 131.10 55.215
Resultent B .M with out wind effect 2 2
Bending moment with buoyancy = 26.851 + 31.128 = 41.108 t-m

2 2
Bending moment with out buoyancy = 23.563 + 29.412 = 37.686 t-m
0.000
Resultan BM with wind effect 0.000
Bending moment with buoyancy = 2 2
55.215 + 31.128 = 63.385 t-m
0.000
Bending moment with out buoancy = 2 2
51.927 + 29.412 = 59.678 t-m
0.000

12.7.2 tabulation of loads & moments on top of soil

Weight of footing =
Weight of footing with 100% buoyancy =
Total weight of foundation (including dead and live load ) with out buoyancy =
Total weight of foundation (including dead and live load ) with buoyancy =

Sno Vertical loads and moments with out with 15 % buoyancy Longitudinal moment
1 From super structure
Bearing pedestal
Bed block 158.137 146.604
Live load
2 Effect of transverse eccentricity 23.563
3 Braking force
III - 27
 4 Water currents 4.038
5 Effect of wind force 30.34
Resultant with out wind effect = 158.137 146.604 27.601
Resultant with wind effect = 158.137 146.604 57.943

Resultent B .M with out wind effect 2 2

Bending moment with buoyancy = 27.601 + 34.117 = 43.884 t-m

2 2
Bending moment with out buoyancy = 23.563 + 31.920 = 39.675 t-m
0.000
Resultan BM with wind effect 0.000
Bending moment with buoancy = 2 2
57.943 + 34.117 = 67.242 t-m
0.000
Bending moment with out buoancy = 2 2
53.906 + 31.920 = 62.647 t-m

with out wind effect

A) When the canal is empty & Traffic allowed on the Road
Stresss in the column base
= 132.303 + 37.686
1.423 0.242

= 92.98 + 155.6
Max = 248.56 t/m 2

Min = -62.59 t/m2

Stress on soil
158.137 + 39.675
18.098 10.859

8.738 + 3.654
Max = 12.392
Min = 5.084
B)When canal is running full and traffic allowed on the road
Stresss in the column base
= 131.103 + 41.108
1.423 0.242

= 92.14 + 169.7
Max = 261.84 t/m2
Min = -77.56 t/m2
Stress on soil
146.604 + 43.884
18.098 10.859

8.101 + 4.041
Max = 12.142
III - 28
 Min = 4.059

With wind effect

Stresses in the column at the base i.e , on foundation soil
A)When the canal is empty & traffic allowed on the road
Stress in the column at base
= 132.30 + 59.678
1.423 0.242
= 92.98 + 246.4
Max = 339.34 t/m2
Min = -153.38 t/m2
Stress on soil
158.137 + 62.647
18.098 10.859

8.738 + 5.769
Max = 14.507
Min = 2.969

B)When canal is running full and traffic allowed on the road

Stresss in the column base
= 131.103 + 63.385
1.423 0.242

= 92.14 + 261.7
Max = 353.80 t/m 2

Min = -169.52 t/m2

Stress on soil
146.604 + 67.242
18.098 10.859

8.101 + 6.192
Max = 14.293 t/m 2

Min = 1.908 t/m2

Direct stress calculated = 132.303 = 92.982 t/m2

1.423
Direct stress allowable = 500 t/m2 (IRC -21,clause 303)

Bending stress calculated = 41.108 = 169.699 t/m2

0.242

bending stress allowable = 667 t/m2 (IRC -21,clause 303)

As per para 306.5.3, as per IRC 21-2000and as per para B-4- 4.1 the direct and bending stresses calculated shall sa
Direct stress calculated + Bending stress calculated following conditions
Direct stress allowable bending stress allowable

III - 29
 = 92.982 + 169.699
500 667
0.186 + 0.2544

0.440 < 1 Hence O.K

Check the load carring capacity of the column
Slenderness ratio = Ie/radius of gyration Ie= 6.83 radius of gyration = 0.7267
= 9.391 < 12 Short column
As per code clause 306.1 it is a pedestal column.In pedestal column the cross sectional a
reinforce ment shall not be less than 0.15 % gross sectional area of column. Hence 0.8 %
P = Ac x cc + sc x Asc
where sc = 1900 Kg / cm2
where cc = 50 Kg / cm2
Ac = D - Asc
2

13273.23 - Asc
assuming 0.8 % of bd Area of steel = 106.186 cm2
Ac = 13167.04 cm2
P = 860105.237 Kg
= 860.11 t > 132.303 Hence ok

Area of steel = 106.186 cm2

number of 25 mm dia required = 21.632 say 22 numbers

Lateral ties
according to the IS 456:2000 the diametre of the lateral ties shall not be less than
1) 1/4 th the diameterof the longitudinal bar
2) 6 mm
There fore provide 8 mm as the diameter of tie bar
pitch of lateral reinforcement should be least of the following
1) Least lateral dimension of compression member
2) sixteen times the smallest diameter of then longitudinal bar
3) 300 mm
Pitch of transverse ties
Least of the following
1) 130 cm
2) 40 cm
3) 30 cm
Pitch of ties = 30 cm
Distribution steel 8 mm @ 300 mm c/c

13.0 Design of Hammer Head

h= 5.0
0.25
b 0.70 a

c.g of cantilever portion = h - ((

III - 30
 1.85 1.3
h

Load on column due to super structure = 73.561 t

Load due to bearing pedestal = 1.250 t
Live load reaction on hammer head = 27.017 t
Total = 101.828 t

Length of hammer head = 5m

Load per m run
length of over hanging portion
Cantilever B.M at the face of the column
= 20.37 t/m
= 1.85 m
wl /2
2
= 34.851 m

Self weight of cantilever portion of hammer head = 2.86 t

dist.of C.G of this load from column face = 0.779 m

B.M due to self weight = 2.225 t-m
Total B.M = 37.075 t-m
Using M 20 and Fe 415 grade
m = 13
c = 70 kg/cm2
t = 1900 kg/cm2 cleatr cover = 50 mm
k = 0.324 Dia of bar = 20 mm
j = 0.892 Effectve depth = 70 - 5
Q = 10.11 = 64.00 cm

Required depth = M = 53.112 cm < 64.00 cm

Qb
fy = 415
area of steel required = M = 3707526 = 34.181 cm2
tx jxd 108467.2
Minimum steel = As/bd=0.85/fy = 0.85 x 1300 x 700 =
as per para265.1.1 of is 456-2000 415
= 18.64 cm2 < 34.181 cm2
Provide 20 mm dia bars 12 bars
There fore area provided = 37.68 cm2
% of steel 0.4529 %
Shear stress allowable with out shear reinforcement = c= 2.8492 Kg/cm2
check for shear
Shear force = V = 20.37 x 1.85 = 37.676 t (From super structure )
self weight hammer head = 2.86 t
Cantilever portion of hammer head
Total = 40.532 t
v = 4.87 Kg/cm2 > 2.849 kg/cm2 ( Hence shear reinforce ment is

balance shear = 2.022 x 130 x 64.00 = 16826.7 kg

Vertical stirrups = Vs = Sv a sv d 8 mm dia assumed

III - 31
 Sv
Sv = 2300 Kg /cm2 2
Asv = 4x 3.14 x 0.8 = 2.0096 cm2
4
Sv = 2300 x 2.0096 x 64.00 = 17.580 cm
16826.7
provide 8 mm 4 legged stirrups @ 12 cm c/c.
Side face reinforce ment
Through the depth of the beam is less than 750 mm provide 0.1 % of side face reinforcement.
= 11.7 cm2 of IS 456 - 2000 Side face reinforcemen
Area of 16 mm dia bars 2.0096 cm2
number of bars = 6 nos provide 3 nos on each side
Provide side face reinforcement Through the depth is less than 750 mm .
Design of footing
Load from super structure = 73.561 t
Weight of hammer head = 8.669 t
Weight of bearing pedestal 1.25 t
self weight of column = 19.993 t

Weight of footing = 25.834 t

Total weight = 129.307 t

Liveload reaction = 27.017 t

Total load = 156.325 t
Provide side of footing = 4.8 m

max = 14.507 t/m2

min = 2.969 t/m2

1.30

R
14.507
2.969

1.75 4.8
= 11.539 = x
4.8 3.05
x = 7.332
stress at the face of column = 10.300 t/m2 R = Radius of footing =
r= Radius of column =
Check for depth of footing
2 2
0.6 R 2
+r 2
+Rr = 0.6 2.4 +0.65 +2.4x 0.65
R+r 2.4 +0.65

III - 32
 = 1.523 m 2 2
Area shaded = R - r 2 2
= 2.4 - 0.65 = 4.192 m2
4 4
Load on shaded area = 10.300 x 4.192 = 43.180 t
Maximum bending moment = 43.180 x 1.523 = 65.768 t-m
Breadth of shaded part at column face = x 1.3 = 1021 mm
4
Adopting C = 7 N/mm2 t = 190 N/mm2
and equating the moment of resistence to the maximum B.M =
10.11 bd2 = 10.11 x 1021.0 d2 = 65.77 x 1000x100
d= 25.241 cm < 60.00 cm
provide 20 mm dia bars with a clear cover of 60 mm
Effective cover to the centre of the upper layer = 60 +20 +10.00 =
Effective depth = 510 mm
Punching shear consideration =
Punching load = soil reaction on column area
2
= 10.300 x x ( 4.80 -
= 182.97 t 4
Safe punching shear stress = 12 kg/cm2
Equating the punching resistance to the punching load
x 130 x D x 12.00 = 182973.45
D = 37.335 cm
Steel required for the footing = 65.768 x 1000 x 100 = 76.090 cm2
1900 x 0.892 x51.00
There fore provide 24.00 bars of 20 mm dia in both ways
The reinforcement to the above extent should be provided in two principle direction and in a width equal to the sides of sq
inscribed in the plan of the footing. Length of the side of the inscribed in the plan of the footing. Length of the si
of the inscribed square
R 2= 2.40 2 = 3.3941 m
or 3394.0 mm
Check for one way shear
The critical section for one way shear is taken at a distance equal to the effective epth from the column face
The depth of footing at the edge = 0.30 m
300.00 = x x= 87.429
1750 510 1.3

600 - 87.43 = 513 mm

Effective depth at critical depth = 513 - 90.00
= 422.6 mm
Radius at the critical section = r+ d
= 650.0 + 510

= 1160.0 mm
Nominal shear stress at the critical sec tion 2 2
= 10.3004 ( 2.4 - 0.65 )
2 x 116.00 x 42.3

III - 33
 = 0.0056 kg/cm2

percentage of steel at the critical section = 24.00 x 3.140

x 116.0 x 42.3
2 x 100
stress allowed with out shear reinforcement = 0.9787 %
stress = 3.874 kg/cm2 >
0.006 kg/cm2

III - 34
GN OF PIER FOR SLRB

III - 35
 + 72.975

5.00

1.3 0.45
(5x0.25+((5-1.30)/2)x0.45+1.3x0.45)x1.3x 2.5

(3.142x 4.8x4.8)/4x 0.3+(((3.142x4.8x4.8)/4)-((4.8-1.3)/2)x 0.3

III - 36
 2.5

0.19

( no impact as the height of the column is more than 3.0 m )

7.28 t

7.49

1.08 t

7.49

III - 37
Considered at the point of action of live load i.e centre of bearing

1000 x 1.490

III - 38
 1000 x 1.490

kg/m run

kg/m2 is considered

1000

III - 39
m/sec
m/sec

V2 = 2 v 2 = 22.966

sin 200

454.894 kgs

1.197 t-m

1.470 t-m

(Case 2 )

cos 200

1249.8 kgs

III - 40
 3.288 t-m

4.038 t-m

he moments due to net hydrostatic pressure with a difference of

0.900 x 1.30

1.30

1.50 )x 1.30

1.50 )x 1.30

With 15 % Buoyancy
III - 41
Transverse

0.883
28.5285
1.716

31.128

25.834
15.501
158.137
146.604

Transverse

0.883
31.0365
III - 42
2.198

34.117

III - 43
B-4- 4.1 the direct and bending stresses calculated shall satisfy the
following conditions

III - 44
 0.7267 m

it is a pedestal column.In pedestal column the cross sectional area of longitudinal

e less than 0.15 % gross sectional area of column. Hence 0.8 % is provided.

c.g of cantilever portion = h - (( 2a+b)/(a+b))x h/3

III - 45
 -1.00

1863.86 mm2

(From super structure )

( Hence shear reinforce ment is required )

III - 46
 As per clause 26.5.1.3
of IS 456 - 2000 Side face reinforcement is required

r
1.75

4.8

2.4 m
0.65 m

III - 47
 4.8 m

90.00 mm

2
0.65 )

in two principle direction and in a width equal to the sides of squence

e side of the inscribed in the plan of the footing. Length of the sides

t a distance equal to the effective epth from the column face

1750

510
0.30

0.30
4.8

III - 48
 1160
1.30

III - 49
14. DESIGN OF SLOPED STREAM WING WALLS

unit wt of concrete = 2.400 t

unit wt of earth = 2.100 t

0.5 + 73.640 TBL

W4 W5

W2 + 71.15
stressmax min
16.782 9.470
1 W1
stressmax min
5 16.805 10.788
W3
A + 67.050 SB
0.82 3.05 W4'
W3' 1.000
0.30 1.820 0.50 1.730 B 0.30 + 66.050
4.050
0.5
W6 C
4.65 + 65.550

III - 31
 15.DESIGN OF WINGS & RETURN WALLS

1) DESIGN OF RETURN WALL - U/S & D/S

unit wt of concrete = 2.400 t
unit wt of earth = 2.100 t
+ 70.870
W3

W6 W1
w4' 4.820 stressesmax min
20.514 0.654
W2 0.764 67.05 SBL
A stressesmax min
w5 1.000 16.434 5.058
0.300 0.936 0.500 0.30 + 66.050
B 2.200
0.50
C W 7
2.800 + 65.550

III - 32
 16.DESIGN OF CANAL WING AT STARTING & RETURN WALLS

unit wt of concrete = 2.400 t

unit wt of earth = 2.100 t section 9-9
surcharge load = 1.200 t
CALCULATION OF STRESSES IN CONCRETE :

0.5 + 73.640 TBL

W3
+ 73.04 FSL
W5 W1
stresses at Base
max min
W2 41.209 -5.100
1.850 stresses on soil
PV Pva max min
A 1.000 0.500 w5'' + 71.790 CBL 36.629 1.236

Ph W4 w5' + 5.740 Pha

w5'''
0.30 B 1.7 0.30 66.050
3.200
0.5
C W6
3.800 + 65.550

17.DESIGN OF CANAL WING AT END

unit wt of concrete = 2.400 t

unit wt of earth = 2.100 t
surcharge load = 1.200 t

0.5 + 73.640 TBL

w4
w6' + 73.04 FSL
W1 stresses at Base
max min
69.829 -3.328
w6 W2 stresses on soil
PV max min
w4'' Pva 63.323 0.937
A 0.600 0.500 1.756 CBL + 71.790
w4'''
Ph W3 W4' 5.740 Pha
B

III - 33
 0.30 2.856 1.0 0.3 66.050
3.86
0.5
C W5
4.456 + 65.550

III - 34
 18.DESIGN OF CANAL WING AT STARTING & RETURN WALLS

unit wt of concrete = 2.400 t section 9'-9' with out surcharge load

unit wt of earth = 2.100 t
surcharge load = 1.200 t

0.5 + 73.640 TBL

W3
+ 73.04 FSL
W5 W1 stresses at Base
max min
45.721 -7.910
W2 stresses on soil
1.850 max min
pva 38.136 0.894
A 1.000 0.500 w5'' + 71.790 CBL
pv w5'''
ph W4 w5' +
5.740
pha
0.30 B 1.0 0.30 66.050
2.500
0.5
C W6
3.100 + 65.550
19.DESIGN OF CANAL WING AT END

unit wt of concrete = 2.400 t section 8'-8'

unit wt of earth = 2.100 t with out surcharge load
surcharge load = 1.200 t
CALCULATION OF STRESSES IN CONCRETE :

0.5 + 73.640 TBL

stresses at Base
w4 w6' + 73.04 FSL max min
W1 38.524 -4.150
stresses on soil
max min
w6 W2 35.196 2.116

pva
A 0.600 0.500 1.756 CBL + 71.790
w4''

III - 34
 W3 W4' w4''' 5.740
B pha
0.30 2.856 0.3 0.3 66.050
3.16
0.5
C W5
3.756 + 65.550

III - 35