SPM Model Question: Paper 3

Question 1 (2015 Kelantan)

Form 5 Chapter 3: Oxidation and Reduction
Table 1 shows the set-up of apparatus for the experiment to study the effect of metals P, Q and R
on the rusting of iron nails. The results are recorded after two days.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan logam P, Q dan R
ke atas pengaratan paku besi. Keputusan dicatatkan selepas dua hari.

(a) Based on this experiment, state:

Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan:

(i) The manipulated variable

Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan

1 SPMSureSkor.com
(ii) The responding variable
Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas

(iii) The constant variable

Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan
[3 marks]
(b) State the hypothesis for this experiment.
Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.
[3 marks]
(c) State the inference for the observation in test tube A, B and C.
Nyatakan inferens bagi pemerhatian di dalam tabung uji A, B, dan C.
[3 marks]
(d) State the operational definition for the rusting of iron.
Nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi pengaratan besi.
[3 marks]
(e) Based on the experiment, arrange metals P, Q, R and iron in ascending order of their
electropositivity.
Berdasarkan eksperimen, susunkan semula logam P, Q, R dan besi dalam susunan menaik
keelektropositifan.

[3 marks]
(f) Magnesium, copper and zinc were used in this experiment to investigate the effect of other
metal on the rusting of iron nails. Classify the metals by completing Table 1.2.
Magnesium, kuprum dan zink digunakan dalam eksperimen ini untuk mengkaji kesan logam
lain ke atas pengaratan paku besi. Kelaskan logam-logam dengan melengkapkan Jadual 1.2.

Metals that inhibit rusting Metals that speed up rusting

Logam yang melambatkan pengaratan Logam yang mempercepatkan pengaratan

Table 1.2
[3 marks]
(g) An iron nail was placed on a moist cotton to investigate the time taken for the iron nail to rust
completely. State the observations as shown below.
Sebatang paku besi diletakkan di atas kapas lembap untuk mengkaji masa yang diambil untuk
paku besi itu berkarat dengan lengkap. Nyatakan pemerhatian yang ditunjukkan di bawah.

[3 marks]

2 SPMSureSkor.com
(h) Diagram 1.1 shows the set-up of apparatus for an experiment to produce electric current from
chemical reactions using iron and metal R as electrodes. The experiment is repeated by
replacing iron with metals Q and P as electrodes.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi eksperimen untuk menghasilkan arus elektrik dari
tindak balas kimia menggunakan besi dan logam R sebagai elektrod. Eksperimen diulang
menggantikan besi dengan logam Q dan P sebagai elektrod.

(i) State three observations that can be made from this experiment after 30 minutes.
Nyatakan tiga pemerhatian yang dapat dibuat dalam eksperimen ini selepas 30 minit.
[3 marks]

3 SPMSureSkor.com
Diagram 1.2 shows the voltmeter readings of all the experiments.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan bacaan voltmeter bagi semua eksperimen.

(ii) Record the voltmeter readings in the spaces provided in Diagram 1.2.
Rekodkan bacaan voltmeter pada ruang yang disediakan dalam Rajah 1.2.
[3 marks]
(iii) Construct a table to record the voltmeter reading for the different pairs of metal.
Bina satu jadual untuk merekod bacaan voltmeter untuk pasangan logam yang berlainan.
[3 marks]
(iv) Predict the voltmeter reading of the voltaic cell formed by P and Q.
Ramalkan bacaan voltmeter bagi sel kimia ketika P dan Q digunakan.
[3 marks]

Suggested Answer:

1(a) Manipulated variable: Types of metals in contact with iron

Responding variable: The intensity of pink and blue colouration // intensity of blue
colouration // rusting of iron
Constant variable: Iron nails // temperature of jelly solution
(b) When a more/less electropositive metal in contact with iron, the metal inhibits/speeds
up rusting.
(c)
Test tube A B C
Inference The iron nail does The iron nail does The iron nail rust a
not rust // Iron (II) ion not rust // Iron (II) ion lot // Iron (II) ion is
is not present is not present present
(d) Rusting of iron is the formation of blue colouration when iron is in contact with less
electropositive metals or without contact with any metals.
(e) R, Iron, Q, P.
(f)
Metals that inhibit rusting Metals that speed up rusting
Magnesium / Mg Copper / Cu
Zinc / Zn
(g) The longer the time taken, the greater/bigger/larger the rust is formed. //
The longer the time taken, more rust is formed. //
The rust formed is greater/bigger/larger, when the time taken is longer.

4 SPMSureSkor.com
 (h)(i) 1. Iron electrode becomes thinner
2. Copper electrode becomes thicker
3. Voltmeter needle deflected
(h)(ii) R and iron: 0.4 V
R and P: 2.8 V
R and Q: 1.4 V
(h)(iii)
Pairs of Metals Voltage / V
R and iron 0.4
R and P 2.8
R and Q 1.4

(h)(iv) 1.4V

Question 2 (2015 Perlis)

Form 5 Chapter 4: Thermochemistry

In a chemical cell, a more electropositive metal has higher tendency to ionise.

Di dalam satu sel kimia, logam yang lebih elektropositif mempunyai kecenderungan yang lebih
tinggi untuk mengion.

The cation of less electropositive metal has higher tendency to discharge.

Cation bagi logam yang kurang elektropositif mempunyai kecenderungan untuk nyahcas yang
lebih tinggi.

You are given three metals, copper, zinc, and magnesium together with their respective nitrate salt
solutions. Plan an experiment to construct an electrochemical series based on displacement
reaction.
Anda dibekalkan dengan tiga logam, kuprum, zink dan magnesium beserta larutan garam nitrat
masing-masing. Rancang satu eksperimen untuk membina satu siri elektrokimia berdasarkan
tindak balas penyesaran logam.

Your planning should include the following apects:

Perancangan anda haruslah mengandungi aspek-aspek berikut:

(a) Problem statement (Pernyataan masalah)

(b) All the variables (Semua pemboleh ubah)

(c) Hypothesis (Hipotesis)

(d) Lists of materials and apparatus (Senarai bahan dan radas)

(e) Procedure (Prosedur)

(f) Tabulation of data (Penjadualan data)

[17 marks]
Suggested Answer:

(a) To construct the electrochemical series based on displacement reaction

(b) Manipulated variables: Metal // copper, zinc, magnesium
5 SPMSureSkor.com
 Responding variable: Reaction / Displacement
Controlled variables: Volume and concentration of solution // size of metal strip
(c) Metals which is (more electropositive) / (located higher in electrochemical series), can
displace the metal which is (less electropositive) / (located lower in electrochemical series),
from their salt solution
(d) Reactants: Copper strip, zinc strip, magnesium strip, copper (II) nitrate solution [0.1-1.0 mol
dm 3 ], zinc nitrate solution solution [0.1-1.0 mol dm 3 ], magnesium nitrate
solution [0.1-1.0 mol dm 3 ]
Apparatus: Beaker, measuring cylinder, sand paper
(e) 1. Three copper strip are cleaned with sand paper.
2. 25 cm 3 of copper (II) nitrate solution, zinc nitrate solution and magnesium nitrate
solution are pour into three different beakers.
3. The copper strip is put in each of beaker containing the solutions.
4. The reactions is observed and recorded in a table.
5. Steps 1 to 4 are repeated by replacing copper metal with zinc strip and magnesium
strip.
(f)
Observation / Reaction
Metals
Copper (II) nitrate Zinc nitrate Magnesium nitrate
Copper
Zinc
Magnesium

Question 3 (2014 Kedah)

Form 5 Chapter 5: Chemicals for Consumers

Soap is not effective in hard water.

Detergent is effective in hard water.
Sabun tidak berkesan dalam air liat.
Detergen berkesan dalam air liat.

Plan a laboratory experiment to prove the above statement of effectiveness of soap and detergent
in the cleansing action.
Rancang satu eksperimen makmal untuk membuktikan perntayaan di atas tentang keberkesanan
sabun dan detergen dalam tindakan pencucian.

Your planning should include the following aspects:

Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi aspek-aspek yang berikut :

(a) Problem statement (Pernyataan masalah)

(b) All the variables (Semua pemboleh ubah)

(c) Hypothesis (Hipotesis)

(d) Lists of materials and apparatus (Senarai bahan dan radas)

(e) Procedure (Prosedur)

6 SPMSureSkor.com
(f) Tabulation of data (Penjadualan data)
[17 marks]

Suggested Answer:

(a) Is soap more effective than detergent for cleansing action in hard water?
(b) Manipulated variable: Detergent, soap
Responding variable: Effectiveness of cleansing action
Controlled variable: Hard water // mass / volume of detergent and soap // volume of water
(c) Detergent is more effective than soap in hard water.
(d) Materials:
1. Dirty cloth / socks
2. Soap and detergent
3. Spoon and spatula

Apparatus:
1. Beaker / basin
2. Measuring cylinder
3. Spoon / spatula
(e) 1. Pour 100-200 ml of hard water into a beaker.
2. Add/put 1-2 spoon of detergent into the beaker.
3. Soak/dip a dirty cloth in the beaker.
4. Leave for 30 minutes.
5. Record the observation.
6. Repeat steps 1-5 using soap.
(f)
Type of Cleaning Agent Observation/Effectiveness
Detergent
Soap

7 SPMSureSkor.com