Assignment 3

(Last date for submission : 3rd Oct 2017)

1. Define Ground Water Hydrology. Explain the importance of groundwater w.r.t. to the
other sources.
2. Explain thevVertical distribution of Groundwater w.r.t various zones in the earths crust.
3. Define various types of geologic formations Aquifer, Aquiclude, Aquifuge and Aquitard.
4. Explain clearly Unconfined aquifers and Confined aquifers in a geologic stratum.
5. Briefly explain perched aquifer and leaky aquifer.
6. Define Porosity, Specific yield, Specific Retention Permeability, Transmissivity and
storage coefficient, Specific Capacity, Specific Drawdown and Well Efficiency
7. Explain Darcys Law.
8. Derive an expression for Steady radial flow to a well penetrating into an unconfined
aquifer.
9. Derive an expression for Steady radial flow to a well penetrating into confined aquifer.
10. Assumptions made in the Derivations Of Dupuits And Thiem Equations.
11. Explain various types of wells and its construction.
12. A tube well of 30 cm diameter penetrates fully in an artesian aquifer. The strainer length
is 15 m. calculate the yield from the well under a draw down of 3 m. The aquifer
consists of sand of effective size of 0.2 mm having coefficient of permeability equal to
50 m/day. Assume radius of draw down equal to 150 meters.
13. A pumping test was made in a medium sand and gravel to a depth of 15 m where a bed
of clay was encountered. The normal ground water level was at the surface. Observation
holes were located at distances of 3 m and 7.5 m from the pumped well. At a discharge
of 3.6 litres/sec from the pumping well, a steady state was attained in about 25 hrs. The
drawdown at 3m was 1.65 and at 7.5 m was 0.36 m. Computer the coefficient of
permeability of the soil.
14. A well with a radius of 0.5 m penetrates completely a confined aquifer of thickness 40 m
and permeability 30 m/day. The well is pumped in draw down water level in the well
remains at 7.5 m below the original piezometric surface. Assuming that the radius of
influence is 500 m, compute the steady state discharge from the well.
15. A tube well of 30 cm diameter penetrates fully in an artesian aquifer. The strainer length
is 15m. Calculate the yield from the well under a drawdown of 3 m. The aquifer consists
 of sand of effective size of 0.2 mm having coefficient of permeability equal to 50 m/day.
Assume radius of influence equal to 150 m.
16. In an artesian aquifer of 8 m thick, a 10 cm diameter well is pumped at a constant rate
of 100 lit/minute. The steady state drawdown observed in two wells located at 10 m
and 50 m distances from the centre of the well are 3 m and 0.05 m respectively,
compute the Transmissivity and the hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer.
17. A well penetrating an aquifer which is underlain and overlain by impermeable layers
was tested with a uniform discharge of 1000 lit/min. The steady state drawdown
measured in two observation wells which were at 1 m and 10 m radial distances from
the centre of the pumped well were 13.40 m and 4.2 m respectively. Determine the
hydraulic properties of the aquifer, if its saturated thickness is 10m.
18. In order to determine the permeability of an aquifer, a tracer is introduced in an
observation well and it is traced in another downstream well 78 m away from the first
after 46.5 h. If the elevations of water levels in the two wells differ by 2.9 m and the
porosity of the aquifer is 18%, calculate the coefficient of permeability of the aquifer.
19. An unconfined aquifer has a thickness of 30 m. A fully penetrating 20 cm diameter well
in this aquifer is pumped at a rate of 35 lit/s. The drawdown measured in two
observation wells located at distances of 10 m and 100 m from the well are 7.5 m and
0.5 m respectively. Determine the average hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer. At what
distance from the well the drawdown is insignificant?
20. The following observations were recorded during a pumping out test on a tube well
penetrating fully in a aquifer:
Well diameter: 25 cm
Discharge from the the well: 300 m3/hour
R.L. of original water surface, before pumping started = 122.0 m
R.L. of water in the well at constant pumping = 117.1 m
R.L. of water in the observation well = 121.3 m
R.L. of impervious layer = 92.0 m
Radial distance of observation well from the tube well = 50 m
Determine: (a) the field permeability coefficiency of the free aquifer and (b) radius of
zero drawdown.
21. Two tube wells, each of 20 cm diameter are spaced at 100 m distance. Both the wells
penetrate fully a confined aquifer of 12m thickness. Calculate the discharge if only one
well is discharging under a depression head of 3m. What will be the percentage
decrease in the discharge of the well if both the wells are discharging under the
depression head of 3m. Take radius of influence for each well equal to 250 metres, and
coefficient of permeability of aquifer as 50 metres/day.
22. A 10 cm diameter well was pumped at a uniform rate of 500 litres/min., while
observations of drawdown were made in an observation well located at a distance of 50
m from the well. The original head of water, measured from the top of the impervious
layer was 25 m. The hydraulic conductivity of the aquifer was 1.83 x 10 -3 m/min.
Determine the drawdown at the face of the well, using Dupuit-Thiem equation, and
assuming that the flow to the unconfined aquifer is under steady state.
23. An artesian tube well has a diameter of 20 cm. The thickness of aquifer is 40 cm and its
permeability is 36 m/day. Find its yield under a draw down of 4m at the well face. Take
radius of influence as 250m.
24. During a recuperation test, the water in open well was depressed by pumping by 2 m
and it recuperated 1.5 m in 1 hour. Estimate the yield from a well of 2m diameter under
a depression head of 2m situated in the same area. Derive the expression you use.
25. A pumping test was made in a medium sand and gravel to a depth of 15 m where a bed
of clay was encountered. The normal ground water level was at the surface. Observation
holes were located at distances of 3 m and 7.5 m from the pumped well. At a discharge
of 3.6 litres/sec from the pumping well, a steady state was attained in about 25 hrs. The
drawdown at 3m was 1.65 and at 7.5 m was 0.36 m. Computer the coefficient of
permeability of the soil.