Brain is the command center for the human nervous system.

It receives input from the

sensory organs and sends output to the muscles. The human brain has the same basic
structure as other mammal brains, but is larger in relation to body size than any other
brains.

Cell Body, also called the soma, is the spherical part of the neuron that contains the
nucleus. The cell body connects to the dendrites, which bring information to the
neuron, and the axon, which sends information to other neurons.

Central Nervous System (CNS) is made up of the brain, the spinal cord, and the optic
nerves. The central nervous system controls thought processes, guides movement, and
registers sensations throughout the body.

Cerebellum is the area of the hindbrain that controls movement coordination, balance,
equilibrium and muscle tone.

Cerebral Cortex is the outer covering of gray matter over the hemispheres. This is
typically 2- 3 mm thick, covering the gyri and sulci. Certain cortical regions have
somewhat simpler functions, termed the primary cortices. These include areas directly
receiving sensory input (vision, hearing, somatic sensation) or directly involved in
production of limb or eye movements.

Cerebral Hemisphere is one half of the cerebrum, the part of the brain that controls
muscle functions and also controls speech, thought, emotions, reading, writing, and
learning. The right hemisphere controls the muscles on the left side of the body, and the
left hemisphere controls the muscles on the right side of the body.

Cerebrum is a large part of the brain containing the cerebral cortex (of the two cerebral
hemispheres), as well as several subcortical structures, including
the hippocampus, basal ganglia, and olfactory bulb. In humans, the cerebrum is the
uppermost region of the central nervous system.

Choroid is the layer of blood vessels and connective tissue between the white of the
eye and retina (at the back of the eye). It is part of the uvea and supplies nutrients to the
inner parts of the eye. Inflammation of the choroid is called choroiditis.

Cochlea is an inner ear structure and a snail-shell like structure divided into three fluid-
filled parts. Two are canalsfor the transmission of pressure and in the third is the
sensitive organ of Corti, which detects pressure impulses and responds with electrical
impulses which travel along the auditory nerve to the brain.
Axon, or nerve fiber, is a long slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that
conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body or soma.

Basilar membrane within the cochlea of the inner ear is a stiff structural element that
separates two liquid-filled tubes that run along the coil of the cochlea, the scala
media and the scala tympani.

Binocular vision is vision in which creatures having two eyes use them together. The
word binocular comes from two Latin roots, bini for double, and oculus for eye.

Blind Spot, scotoma, is an obscuration of the visual field. A particular blind spot known
as the physiology
ical blind spot, "blind point", or punctum caecum in medical literature, is the place in the
visual field that corresponds to the lack of light-detecting photoreceptor cells on
the optic disc of the retina where the optic nerve passes through the optic disc.