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An Undergraduate Thesis
COLLEGE OF NURSING
In Partial Fulfilment
PASANDALAN, OMAYER S.
MOCORRO, ALESANDRA C.
OCTOBER 2017
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
and cope with ones encountered. During college, students deal with a unique
Literatures indicate that some college students do not actively seek aid for
mental issues and that most feel that the treatments are inadequate varying
support and early detection of depression to the students are essential which
Stress, anxiety and depression are one of the most prevalent concerns
A person must have an outlet for his or her problems to be able to handle the
students on the problems that they experienced within and outside of the
through school life difficulties. Students of MSU IIT are provided with access
to express concerns in a non-threatening, comfortable atmosphere facilitated
Students can avail a one-on-one help from college counsellor, however not all
students take advantage at the services directly to the guidance office. The
college symposia for the freshmen students and conduct standardized tests
delivery of services to the students with the intention of reaching out students
making the world smaller and expanding the reach in communication among
highest with 98% of whom owns a smartphones. The data implies that a
with the millennials sponsored by Visa, one in two Filipino millennial said they
cant live without their personal computers or laptops, while 37% said a
students being connected through the use of smartphones. The same study
the time, as well as social networking sites, 71% of the time. The study further
showed that Filipino millennias set aside 12% of their disposable income on
prevalent and a growing concern among Filipino youth, with the countrys
mental problems could reach 28.48 million and only one out of three will seek
the help of a specialist according to World Health Organization and this report
escapist behaviour.
concerns the most is the number of them endeavours to hide, or disguise the
emotional pain; one reason is the stigma surrounding mental illness and
stressors like academics; social, emotional and financial has an impact on the
counsellors are developing programs to sort out a solution to break the stigma
and to the environment, this mental health crisis facing college students may
affect students academic performances and ways of thinking. Thus, this study
2. What are the major psychosocial concerns of the students and their coping
mechanisms?
3. What are the psychosocial concerns of the students and related behaviour of
respondents in terms of:
Accommodation
Finances
Physical health
Family/Relationships
Emotional well-being
School
Others
Mental health affects how students think, behave and manage feelings.
It also affects the competency to cope with stress, maintain relationship, and
health crisis in college universities across country is very alarming, Thus, this
The result of the study will provide a most recent baseline data on the
college students and preferred ways student can be reached out as the need
may arise.
Parents:
Teachers:
The findings of this study will provide teachers the areas by which
students needs intervention where in the teachers can facilitate and engage
The study will benefit the executive officers and members in aligning
year around activities that responds to the needs of the student in general and
Future Researchers:
This study will serve as basis towards the development phase of the
projects using the evaluation results gathered and may be also served as
performances.
CHAPTER 2
regional and local levels, related behaviours, mental health support and
Literature Review:
exciting time, but it can also be very challenging and that depression is the most
common health problem for college students. World Health Organization predicted
that by 2020, depression will be the second leading contributor to the global
burden of disease across all ages they have also defined that mental health is a
state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can
cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is
established that mental disorder has a multifaceted causation: biological (age and
factors. (WHO, 2011). The term psychosocial tends to be used in at least three
distinct ways. Firstly, it is still frequently used as synonym for mental health. This
activities that in previous decades would have fallen under a child or community
development banner. Thirdly, the term can be used to describe the goal of
precipitating factors often are cited by youths as reasons for attempting suicide.
Thus, this points out the goals of counseling as facilitating behavior change,
solve their study needs and the school counselor must understand what the
student wants and offer counseling assistants to help he/her solving the
problems. Despite of the significance of mental health for the overall wellbeing
many developing countries (WHO, 2001), while it has also been absent from
health agendas (Miranda JJ, 2005). Studies and national survey indicated that
suicide remains the one of the three leading causes of death for youths
Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) on 2010 which revealed that more than 62
per cent of survey respondents are no longer attending school for a mental
Adjusting to college life often means dealing with many things for the
first time all at the same time: learning to live with roommates, handling
finances, taking care of household chores, interacting with people from other
cultures with other beliefs, trying out romantic partnerships. This is in addition
getting work done on time. Coping skills and related behaviours can help the
college students experience mental illness and he cites data from an 2012
National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) survey, which found that half of all
respondents did not receive any mental health education or evaluations prior
than in the past. Across the country, college counselling centers and mental
health clinics are reporting record numbers of students seeking help for issues
found that 73.1 per cent of counselling centre directors reported an increase
in the severity of student mental health concerns and related behaviour on
their campuses, while only 1.4 per cent saw a decrease and 25.5 per cent
were unsure. In Europe, Mental health disorder are major health challenge as
each year, nearly 40 per cent of the population suffers from a mental disorder
this include anxiety disorders, depression and other mental health disorders
reported that the majority of the mental disorders are untreated (Nauert,
2011). with the annual national online survey of college students about mental
health issues created by the University of Michigan, found that 67 per cent of
2015-2016 BU students reported that there had been at least one day in the
performance, up from 53 per cent in 2012, and 32 per cent reported three or
more such days. About 44 per cent said they thought theyd needed mental
health help in the past year, but only 48 per cent of that group said they had
received help which lead the World Health Organization to predict that by
2020, depression will be the second leading contributor to the global burden
problems amongst this population. Within this context, they note that Australia
in the numbers of both international and local students presenting with mental
15% report moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety. One study found that as
form of suicidal ideation in the two weeks before they were interviewed.
evidence suggests that only one in six students receive minimally adequate
mental health treatment gap. About 24% of students in high income countries
receive the care they require. In low and middle income countries the
numbers are much more abysmal. Studies show that in low and middle
problems receive psychological care. The large mental health treatment gap
have student counselling services staffed by professionals who try to meet the
psychological needs of the students who consult them. But these services are
each student can access. As a result many students cannot access even
what concerns most is some college students do not actively seek aid for
mental issues and that most feel that the treatments are inadequate varying
on where they were treated. On the Filipino youths views on mental health
revealed that the problems confronting the youth include lack of resources
and conflict within themselves or with other (Lapena, et. Al 2009). From
Philippine Daily Inquirer report, from consecutive months more friends and
fellow students from the university have confided their struggles with
depression and anxiety. Still, a number hide them. Some had themselves
diagnosed, some fear to do so. In year 2017 Senator Joel Villanueva stated
that the access to healthcare and support system are very limited and we
should intensify public education and mandate the setup of support system in
the lowest suicide records among ASEAN countries but most number of
people suffers depression. Suicide rates in Pakistan has the lowest estimated
medium rates of between 9.9 and 13.1 per 100,000. Higher rates of above 15
per 100,000 are seen in China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
(Hong Kong SAR), and India and still higher rates of above 20 per 100,000
are seen in China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Sri Lank (Herbert
is difficult for many people to seek help. "Raising community awareness and
breaking down taboos are important for countries making efforts to prevent
suicide.
led to rapid innovation in methods for providing behavioral health care, a wide
field of services including prevention and treatment of both substance use and
the quality of mental health care, expand access to mental health information,
treatment, and even reduce the stigma often associated with seeking
Bandele, 2006)
disease, manage chronic illness, and so on. In the health sector, ICTs refer to a
and patients, encourage a new form of relationship between patients and their
health providers, reduce travel time, etc. Despite these well-known advantages,
the healthcare workforce and as such represent an important target for the ICT
implementation process. Nurses are compelled to deal with the introduction of
ICTs within nursing care, such as telecare technology, which can have impacts
application is opening new and innovative ways to improve health and health
applications are available for managing chronic disease, diet, exercise and
lifestyle choices.
and child care in the Caloocan, Philippines. (Schwarz 2014). The e-AKaP
Project trains and equips frontline community health workers with a mobile
expectant mothers and families. The application identifies health risks and
helps community health workers manage follow up visits. The project and
progress. They also facilitate electronic reporting to the City Health Office,
acronym that stands for e-Action for Universal Health. The project is being
piloted with one hundred community health workers covering about six
thousand households in Caloocan City. It will later expand to other locations.
these health workers. According to Dr. Celino, information stored in the tablets
validate the data and are able to quickly identify those in need of medical
attention
workers in the Philippines with mobile applications and tablets to help monitor
acronym that stands for e-Action for Universal Health Coverage. e-AKaP
use plans. The e-AKaP Project also facilitates electronic reporting on the
health status of households to the City Health Office, healthcare facilities, and
ISO/IEC 9126
some of the well known human biases that can adversely affect the delivery
changing priorities after the start of a project or not having any clear
Function
The quality model presented in the first part of the standard, ISO/IEC 9126-1,
characteristics as follows:
functions and their specified properties. The functions are those that satisfy
maintain its level of performance under stated conditions for a stated period of
time."
Usability - "A set of attributes that bear on the effort needed for use, and on
Efficiency - "A set of attributes that bear on the relationship between the level
stated conditions."
Maintainability - "A set of attributes that bear on the effort needed to make
specified modifications."
software product. Attributes are not defined in the standard, as they vary
organization the task of specifying precisely its own model. This may be done,
for example, by specifying target values for quality metrics which evaluates
(1952) and and Lazarus & Folkman Transactional Model of Stress and Coping
(1984). In this study, the use of advanced technology was used to facilitate
this common goal provides the incentive for the therapeutic process in which
the nurse and patient respect each other as individuals, both of them learning
nurses roles that can be used by each and every nurse with their practice. It
implies that a nurses duty is not just to care but the profession encompasses
which results in the process of coping with stressful events (Lazaurus, 1966;
Lazarus & Folkman, 1984). The level of stress experienced in the form of
concluded that the way a person appraises a situation directly influences the
coping process and their emotional reaction, showing that cognitive appraisal
encounter in relation to coping resources, and what can be done. After the
survey, there will be options on what type of counseling will be done by the
guidance counselor. The student can choose what type of counseling he/she
wants. It can be thru video chat, voice call, chat or one-on-one counseling.
whether any given option will achieve the desired outcome in the context of
both the individual and the encounter refer to the coping efforts. The coping
INPUT OUTPUT
Age
Sex Psychosocial concerns and
Ethnicity related behaviors of college
Course students.
Year level
GPA
Monthly allowance
Living arrangement
CHAPTER 3
Research Design
concerns.
Sampling Method
The study will utilize simple random sampling using a fish bowl technique in
which the prospect sample that will be chosen will represent the entire
The study will be conducted within Mindanao State University Iligan Institute
lippines.
(Source:https://www.google.com.ph/maps?dcr=0&biw=1366&bih=624&q=map
+of+msu+iit+iligan+city&um=1&ie=UTF8&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjmxMnB4fDW
AhUBS7wKHcw-Df0Q_AUICygC)
Act (RA) 5363, MSU-IIT is known for its excellence in science and technology
and its passion for extensive research and community involvement. MSU-IIT
Mindanao and all over the country as well as from other countries. They are
gender, religion, and financial capacity. MSU-IIT offers the quality education
school and the graduates study which offers areas to choose according to the
The respondents of the study will be taken, from different colleges: College of
year 2017-2018, 1st semester and must have satisfied selection criteria set for
the study.
Research instruments
being and psychological functioning, in which all items are worded positively
Health Scotland. The first section of the questionnaire would like the
respondents to circle the numbers with that honestly reflects how frequently
they experience the statement given about feelings and thoughts. over the
last 2 weeks; (1) None of the time (2) Rarely (3) Some of the time (4) Often
(5) All of the time. The second section provides a space for the respondents
following areas of their life, and provides box to be checked on what sort of
help the respondent would prefer. The last section will let the respondents
The data gathering will start on 2nd week of August until 4th week September
of 2017 after compliance and approval by the MSU IITs Institute Ethics
Following are the phases that will be done for data collection.
Phase 1: Input
Questionnaire and a pilot testing will be done for 5 days. After providing the
survey, data processing will be done and will be interpreted and will be