SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS
DISORDER FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBID ONSET / DURATION EXCLUSION CRITERIA
SCHIZOTYPAL (PERSONALITY) AFFECT: Constricted - Delusional disorder, - Anxiety Early adulthood / pervasive Should not occur during: DISORDER BEHAVIOR: Eccentric; Unkempt; Unusual mannerisms - Schizophrenia - Depression in variety of contexts - Schizophrenia (premorbid) If criteria are met prior to the COGNITION: Cognitive / perceptual distortions; Ideas of - Bipolar or depressive disorder with - Bipolar disorder onset of schizophrenia reference; Odd beliefs / magical thinking; Unusual psychotic features - Depressive disorder with perceptual experiences; Odd thinking and speech; - Neurodevelopmental disorders: Autism psychotic features Suspiciousness / paranoid; Negative judgment of self and language communication disorders - Autism PHYSICAL: - Other personality disorders SOCIAL: Lack of close friends; Excessive social anxiety; - Medical condition Inattention to usual social conventions; Attracts teasing - Substance use disorders DELUSIONAL DISORDER AFFECT: Can occur with mood episodes but should be - OCD - Mood episodes adolescence or early - Criterion A for schizophrenia has Subtypes: briefer than the total duration of the delusion period; - Body dysmorphic adulthood / 1 month or never been met Erotomanic Irritable or dysphoric mood; - Delirium, major neurocognitive disorder, longer - Effects of substance or other Grandiose BEHAVIOR: Should not be bizarre or odd psychotic disorder due to another medical conditions Jealous COGNITION: False belief; Hallucination (but must be medical condition, and - Not body dysmorphic disorder Persecutory parallel with the false belief; Factual insight but not true substance/medication-induced - Obsessive-compulsive disorder Somatic insight psychotic disorder Mixed PHYSICAL: - Schizophrenia and schizophreniform With bizarre content SOCIAL: disorder. - Depressive and bipolar disorders and Specify if: with bizarre content; schizoaffective disorder. Specify if (a 1-year duration): - Paranoid personality disorder First or multiple episode or continuous or - Shared psychotic disorder unspecified Acute, partial, or full remission BRIEF PSYCHOTIC DISORDER AFFECT: Typically experience emotional turmoil or over - Other medical conditions adolescence or early The disturbance is not better Specify if: whelming confusion - Substance-related disorders adulthood / at least 1 day explained by: With catatonia BEHAVIOR: Disorganized speech; grossly disorganized - Depressive and bipolar but less than 1 month with - Major depressive or bipolar current severity of delusions, hallucinations, or catatonic behavior; increased risk of suicidal behavior - Other psychotic disorders eventual full return to disorder with psychotic features or disorganized speech, abnormal psycho COGNITION: Delusion; Hallucination - Malingering and factitious disorders premorbid level of - Another psychotic disorder such motor behavior, negative symptoms, PHYSICAL: - Personality disorders functioning as schizophrenia or catatonia impaired cognition, depression, and mania SOCIAL: - Is not attributable to the symptoms physiological effects of a With marked stressor(s) substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, Without marked stressor(s) a medication) or another medical With postpartum onset condition. SCHIZOPHRENIFORM DISORDER AFFECT: - Schizophrenia - Anxiety adolescence or early - No major depressive episodes With good prognostic features BEHAVIOR: Disorganized speech; grossly disorganized - Brief psychotic disorder - Depression adulthood / at least 1 during active-phase symptoms or Without good prognostic features behavior; Negative symptoms - Substance- or medication-induced month but less than 6 may be present but only for a With catatonia COGNITION: Delusions; Hallucinations psychotic disorder months minority of the total duration of the PHYSICAL: - Bipolar affective disorder active phase and residual period SOCIAL: Impairment in social and occupational - Depression of the illness functioning is not necessary - Delirium - Is not attributable to the - Schizoaffective disorder physiological effects of a SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS
DISORDER FEATURES DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMORBID ONSET / DURATION EXCLUSION CRITERIA
- Psychotic disorder due to another substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, disease or its treatment a medication) or another medical - Delusional disorder condition. - Schizotypal, schizoid, or paranoid personality disorder - Autism spectrum disorder - Disorders presenting in childhood with disorganized speech - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Posttraumatic stress disorder - Traumatic brain injury SCHIZOPHRENIA AFFECT: Inappropriate affect; a dysphoric mood that can - Schizophrenia - Substance-related Childhood onset / - No major depressive episodes Specify if (a 1-year duration): take the form of depression, anxiety, or anger - Brief psychotic disorder disorder (tabacco adolescence or early during active-phase symptoms or First or multiple episode or continuous or BEHAVIOR: Disorganized speech; grossly disorganized - Substance- or medication-induced use disorder) adulthood / More than 6 may be present but only for a unspecified behavior; Negative symptoms; Disturbed sleeping psychotic disorder - Anxiety months minority of the total duration of the Acute, partial, or full remission pattern; lack of interest in eating foods; Hostility and - Bipolar affective disorder active phase and residual period - OCD aggression - Depression of the illness COGNITION: Delusions; Hallucinations; odd beliefs, - Delirium - Panic disorder Severely ill, chronic - Is not attributable to the unusual perceptual experiences; Depersonalization, - Schizoaffective disorder - Schizotypal symptoms and poor physiological effects of a derealization; phobias; Decrements in memory, executive - Psychotic disorder due to another personality and prognosis substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, functions, slow processing speed; Abnormalities in disease or its treatment paranoid personality a medication) or another medical sensory processing; lack of insight (anosgia) - Delusional disorder disorders condition. PHYSICAL: Somatic concerns; Reduced overall brain - Schizotypal, schizoid, or paranoid volume personality disorder SOCIAL: Impairment in social and occupational - Autism spectrum disorder functioning; Social withdrawal; lack of theory of mind; - Disorders presenting in childhood with disorganized speech - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - Obsessive-compulsive disorder - Posttraumatic stress disorder Traumatic brain injury SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER AFFECT: Pervasive depressed mood/mania; - Schizophrenia - substance use disorders Early adulthood / 1 to 6 - Exclusion of autism spectrum Bipolar type BEHAVIOR: Ahnedonia; Difficulties with self-care - Bipolar - anxiety disorders months disorder or other communication Depressive type COGNITION: Delusions or hallucination must be present - Brief psychotic disorder disorder of childhood onset With catatonia for 2 weeks in the absence of major mood episodes; - Depression - Is not attributable to the Specify if (a 1-year duration): Anosognia (poor insight) physiological effects of a First or multiple episode or continuous or PHYSICAL: substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, unspecified SOCIAL: Restricted social contact; a medication) or another medical Acute, partial, or full remission condition.
(Advances in Cultural Psychology - Constructing Human Development) Sergio Salvatore-Psychology in Black and White - The Project of A Theory-Driven Science-Information Age Publishing (2015)