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21 (2007) 43-48
Algunas menas complejas de oro presentan altos contenidos de cobre y esto inhibe el uso del
proceso hidrometalrgico clsico de cianuracin para recuperar el oro debido al alto consumo de
cianuro. Este artculo presenta los resultados experimentales para la extraccin de cobre desde
una mena compleja de oro-cobre procedente de Brasil, usando diferentes reactivos lixiviantes, as
tambin como un pretratamiento para una mayor extraccin de oro por cianuracin. Algunos
experimentos se realizaron usando H2SO4, Fe2 (SO4)3, H2O2, HCl, HClO4 y NH4OH. El mayor
porcentaje de cobre extrado (50%) se obtuvo con una solucin de cido sulfrico a 82 + 2 C y 15
minutos de lixiviacin. Con una solucin acuosa de cido sulfrico y perxido de hidrgeno a 25 +
2 C con 15 minutos de lixiviacin, tambin se obtuvo un 50 % de cobre extrado. Sin embargo,
estos resultados estn muy bajos respecto del valor mnimo considerado como econmicamente
factible (95%), para la etapa de recuperacin de oro por cianuracin.
Some gold complex ores present high copper content and it inhibits the direct use of classical
hydrometallurgical cyanidation process for gold recovery due to the high cyanide consumption.
This paper presents the experimental results for copper extraction from a Brazilian gold-copper
complex ore using different leaching reagents as an ore pre-treatment for further gold extraction
by cyanidation. Some experiments were carried out using H2SO4, Fe2 (SO4)3, H2O2, HCl, HClO4 and
NH4OH. The highest percent of copper extracted (50%) was obtained for a sulfuric acid solution at
822oC for 15 minutes leaching. A sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution at 252oC
for 15 minutes leaching also obtained 50% of copper extracted. However, these results were much
lower than the minimum value considered economic feasible (95%) for the cyanidation stage to
recover gold.
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F.A.Cunha, A.H.Martins 21 (2007) 43-48
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F.A.Cunha, A.H.Martins 21 (2007) 43-48
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F.A.Cunha, A.H.Martins 21 (2007) 43-48
5. Conclusions 6. References
The main conclusions obtained from the Araki, C.D., Lixiviao amoniacal do minrio
experimental results were: oxidado de ouro-cobre da mina de Igarap
Tests using sulfuric acid at 822oC and Bahia com tiossulfato de amnio. Relatrio
combining sulfuric acid and hydrogen final de projeto de iniciao cientfica.
peroxide solution at room temperature (25oC) Convnio CVRD/UFMG. Brasil. 37p. (2002) (in
for 15 minutes leaching reached the best portuguese).
results for copper extraction (50%). Dimitrijevic, M.; Antonijevic, M.M.; Jankovic,
The optimum experimental conditions Z., Kinetics of pyrite dissolution by hydrogen
determined by MENDES (1999) for the Igarap peroxide in perchloric acid. Hydrometallurgy,
Bahia transition ore were also optimum for vol. 42., pg. 377 386, (1996).
the oxidized ore, which reached the maximum Gupta, C.K.; Mukherjee, T.K.,
copper extraction. Hydrometallurgy in Extraction Processes. CRC
Addition of hydrogen peroxide to leach Press, Inc., London, vol. 1 e 2. , 517 pp.,
solutions generated a large increase in the (1990).
percentage of copper extraction at room La Brooy, S.R., Linge, H.G., Walker, G.S.,
temperature. The percentage of copper Review of gold extraction from ores. Minerals
extracted jumped from 25% to 49% and from Engineering, v. 7, n.10, pg. 1213-1241,
22% to 43% in the sulfuric acid solutions and (1994).
in the perchloric acid solutions tests, Mendes, F.D., Tratamento do Minrio de
respectively. Ouro-Cobre de Igarap Bahia atravs de
Lixiviao Sulfrica seguida de Cianetao.
The experimental results obtained in this Dissertao de Mestrado. UFMG. Brasil. 116
work can be considered representative for p. (1999). (in portuguese)
copper extraction by leaching. However, it Mendes, F.D., Martins, A.H., Sulfuric acid
has not been reached the minimum leaching of Igarap Bahia gold-copper ore for
percentage of copper extraction necessary to copper extraction An ore pretreatment for
be economically feasible (95%) for the next gold recovery by cyanidation. Minerals &
stage of cyanidation for gold recovery. An Metallurgical Processing, v. 19, n.3, August
alternative to improve the experimental (2002).
results of this work would be a previous Seviryukov, N.; Kuzmin, B.; Chelishchev, Y.,
oxidation of the sample using a General Metallurgy. Peace Publishers,
pyrometallurgical treatment. However, Moscow, 545pp., (1980).
pyrometallurgical treatments of sulfides would
require intensive energy consumption and it to enumerate the references and to mention
is not attractive from an economical point of them appropriately in the text
view. Is it possible to make a comparative drawing
of the main obtained results?
Acknowledgments
variables values used
The authors wish to thank Companhia Vale do Temperature* 82C
Rio Doce-CVRD by supplying ore samples and Particle size 60% < 0.074
Fundao de Amparo Pesquisa do Estado de mm (200 Mesh)
Minas Gerais-FAPEMIG for the financial Stirring intensity* 270 rpm
support to conclude this work Solid percentage in 40%
the pulp*
Sulfuric acid 98.5 kg/t
concentration*
Leaching time* 15 min
Table 1: Experimental conditions used in the
sulfuric acid leaching tests [A]. (*) MENDES,
1999.
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Table 2: Leaching reagents and their concentration used in the acidic leaching tests
Table 3: Results for the leaching experiments using different reagents and their concentration
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F.A.Cunha, A.H.Martins 21 (2007) 43-48
50
Percent of Copper Extraction (%)
40
30
20
10
0
A C2 D E F G H I
Experiment
Figure 1 : Percent of copper extraction for the experiments using different leach reagents
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