Calculate the distance between a convex lens and a convex mirror?

If an object kept at a distance of

40cm from the lens forms an image which coincides with the object. The focal length of the lens and
the mirror are respectively 15cm & 10cm.

The above figure explains the phenomenon here. As per problem the lens mirror combination is
so situateed with the object that the final image coincides with the object. This means that the
retracing of rays has occurred here. It is only possible if the rays after refraction through the lens
forms image at the center of curvature of the mirror.

Now proceeding towards calculation.

We know the lens formula as

A convex lens of focal length 20 cm is placed at a distance of 20 cm from a plane mirror. An object on
the principal axis of the lens is at a distance of 30 cm from the center of the lens. Determine the
position of the final image

In the absence of the plane mirror, the convex lens forms the image as shown. This image acts as
the object for the plane mirror. Image formed by the plane mirror will act as the object for the
convex lens for the final image formation.

First image formed by convex lens

The optical center of the lens is the origin for measurements. Therefore object distance u = -30
cm. Focal length f = +20 cm
So the image formed by the convex lens is at a distance of 60 cm to the right of the lens. Now,
this will act as the object for the plane mirror.

In the case of plane mirror the origin is its pole. The image formed by the convex lens is at a
distance of 40 cm from the mirror and is on its right side. Note that light falls on the plane mirror
from left to right which is the positive direction. Therefore object distance for the plane mirror is
u = +40 cm. Focal length of a plane mirror is f = .
Second image formed by convex lens

Note that the light reflected from the mirror falls on the lens form left to right. This must be the
positive direction.

The image formed by the mirror is at a distnace of 20 cm from the center of the lens measured in
the direction of the incident light.
Object distance u = +20 cm , focal length f = 20 cm
Problem 6.43: The refractive index of the material of a prism is 2 and its refracting angle is 30o.
One of the refracting surfaces is silvered. A beam of monochromatic light is incident on the other
refracting surface. What must be the angle of incidence so that the beam retraces its path after
reflection from the silvered face?