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C H A P T E R

15
MODULE 2
Revision: Geometry

E
and trigonometry
15.1

A 16.6
D 25.7
PL
Multiple-choice questions
1 In triangle PQR the length of PQ is closest to:
B 15.7
E 21.7
C 12.6

2 In the diagram the size of BCD is exactly:

A 104
B 76
C 100
Q
R

42
16.5

40
P
M
D 94 E 114
62
A D
C

3 In triangle ABC the magnitude of BAC is: 3 cm C

A 30 B 60 C 75 B 30
SA

D 90 E 150 3 cm A
4 The area of triangle PQR, in square centimetres, is closest to: Q
A 24 B 54 C 66
70
D 70 E 140 10 cm 14 cm

P R
5 The value of p is closest to:
A 0.82 B 35.1 C 39.3
D 50.7 E 54.9
11 9

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432 Essential Further Mathematics Module 2 Geometry and trigonometry

6 The length of AB, to the nearest millimetre, is: A

Revision
A 12 B 16 C 21 63
35 mm
D 47 E 51
42
B C

7 The magnitude of the largest angle in the triangle

8 cm
shown, to the nearest degree, is:
3 cm
A 32 B 39 C 71
D 98 E 148 7 cm

E
8 In triangle ABC, AB = AC. The length of AB and AC, in
A
centimetres, is given by:
5 80
A 10 sin 80 B 5 cos 80 C
cos 50
5
D E 5 sin 40
sin 50

C 2x + y = 42
E 2x y = 42
PL
9 In this diagram PQ and SR are parallel and SR = SQ.
x and y satisfy the equation:
A x=y B x + y = 138
D x = y + 42

10 In this diagram, angles ACB and ADC are right angles.

P
42
y
B

S
10 cm

B
x
Q
C

R
M
If BC and AD each have a length of x cm, then x = x cm

A 2 17 B 4 C 5

D 4 2 E 5 2 C
10 cm

6 cm
SA

A x cm D

11 In this figure, AB = 15, CD = 5, BF = 6, GD = 6 and B

EG = 9. x is equal to: 6
F
A 3 B 4 C 4.5 15
D
6
D 4.75 E 5
G 5
9 x
E C
A

12 For triangle ABC, cos
=

A 14 B 12 C 1
4
4 6
1 3
D 2
E 4
8

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Chapter 15 Revision 433

13 The volumes of two similar solids are in the ratio 4 : 9. The ratio of their surface areas is:

Revision

3
3
A 2:3 B 2: 3 C 8 : 27 D 4:9 E 16 : 81

14 D and E are points on AB and AC respectively. A

3 cm
AD = 4 cm, D B = 2 cm, AE = 3 cm and E
4 cm
BC = 12 cm. The magnitude of ADE = the
magnitude of ACB. The length DE, in

+
D
centimetres, is: 2 cm
9

E
A 6 B 2
C 9 B
12 cm

+
D 10 E 11 C

15 In this figure the length of DB, in centimetres, is: B

D
A 6 B 9 C 3 5
3 cm
D 3 6 E 3 7 3 cm

PL
16 A conical container is 40 cm tall. Water is poured into
the cone leaving a conical airspace of height 10 cm,
as shown in the diagram. The ratio of the volume of
the water to the volume of the airspace is:
A 16 : 1
D 63 : 1
B 27 : 1
E 64 : 1
C 55 : 1
C

airspace
6 cm

water
10 cm
A

40 cm
M
17
ABC is similar to
AX Y. AX = 23 AB. The area B
X
of
ABC is 108 cm2 . The area of
AXY is:
A 32 cm2 B 48 cm2 C 54 cm2
A C
D 72 cm2 E 81 cm2 Y
18 Which one of the following equations gives the X
SA

correct value for x? 7m 130 8m

A x = 49 + 64 + 2 (7) (8) cos 50
2
J K
B x 2 = 49 + 64 + 2 (7) (8) cos 70 xm
x 8 x 7
C = D =
sin 130 sin 25 sin 130 sin 25
E x 2 = 49 + 64 2 (7) (8) cos 50
19 The height, h m, of a television tower can be calculated
by measuring the angles of elevation of the top of the
hm
tower from two points that are in line with the tower
but that are 100 m apart. Which one of the following 15 25

equations will give the correct value of h? 100 m

100 sin 15 tan 25 100 sin 15 sin 25

100 sin 10 tan 25
A h= B h = C h =
sin 10 sin 10 sin 15
100 sin 10 tan 25
D h= E h = 100 tan 15
sin 15
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434 Essential Further Mathematics Module 2 Geometry and trigonometry

20 The diagram shows a right square pyramid of height 400 m

Revision
with its base a square of side 300 m. If
is the angle
between a sloping face and the base, which one of the following
equations will give the correct value of
? 400 m

50 73 400 400
A tan
= B tan
= C tan
= 300 m
150 300 2 150 2
400 400
D tan
= E tan
= 300 m
300 150
21 In
ABC, the length of AC in centimetres is B

E
6 cm
determined by evaluating: 8 cm 120
C
A 100 + 96 cos 120 B 100 96 cos 120

C 100 96 cos 60 D 64 + 36 96 A


E 100 (1 + 2 cos 120 )

A 37
D 74 PL
22 A rectangle is 8 cm long and 6 cm wide. The acute angle

between its diagonals, correct to the nearest degree, is:
B 41
E 83
C 49

23 A vertical mast, AD, of height 20 m is supported by two

cables attached to the ground at C and B as shown. CAB
is a right angle. Cable CD is of length 40 m and cable BD
8 cm

30 m
6 cm
M
40 m 20 m
is of length 30 m. The distance CB in metres is:

A 1700 B 2500 C 3300 B
A
D 2000 + 1300 E 1200 + 500
C
24 In the figure shown, the length of OD in centimetres is: D 1 cm C

SA

3 1 cm
A 2 B C 3
2 B
D 2 E 4
1 cm

O 1 cm A
3
25 An inverted right circular cone of capacity 80 cm is
filled with water to half of its depth. The volume of water
(in cm3 ) is:
3
A 80 B 80 C 10
h
D 20 E 40 h
2

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Chapter 15 Revision 435

26 Given that X Z = 8, X Y = 10 and sin  = 23 , sin  equals: X

Revision
4 8 5
A 15
B 15
C 12 8 10
4 5
D E
5 6
Z Y

27 The area of triangle LMN in cm2 is: M

6 6 5 cm
A sin 40 B C 15 sin 40
5 5 cos 40 L 40
D 30 cos 40 E 30 sin 40

E
6 cm

28 In the diagram shown, the value of b is: B

A 13 B 5 C 37 3 cm 4 cm
120
D 13 E 37

A
D

41
80
B
E
PL
29 A right pyramid with a square base is shown. The
height of the pyramid is 3 m and the square base has
sides of length 8 m. The length of a sloping edge in
metres is:


52
137
C

73
A
b cm

3m

8m
C
M
8m

30 The length of AB in centimetres is equal to: B

12
A
sin 30 B 144 2 12 cos 30 100
sin 100

C
C 302 + 1002 2 30 100 cos 50
SA

12 12 30 12 cm
D sin 50 E sin 100 A
sin 100 sin 50

31 In this figure, PQRS is a rectangle inclined at an angle S R

of 45 to the horizontal plane PQTU. The magnitude
of PQS = 60 . Let
be the angle of inclination of
QS to the horizontal plane. Then sin
=

1 2 2 U T
A B C
4 4 2

45

3 6
D E
2 4 P Q

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436 Essential Further Mathematics Module 2 Geometry and trigonometry

32 In the given triangles the length of XZ is 40% greater X

Revision
A
than AC. The ratio of the areas is:
50
A 49 : 25 B 25 : 4 C 16 : 9 60
D 64 : 25 E 7:5 50
C B

60
Y Z

33 The area of triangle LMN in square centimetres is: L

6 6
A sin 40 B C 15 sin 40

E
5 5 cos 40 6 cm
D 24 cos 40 E 24 sin 40
N 40 M
8 cm

34 The area of triangle ABC, in square centimetres, is: C

A 15
D 90

PL
B 37.5
E 150
C 75

35 The area of triangle ABC is 20 cm2 . Triangle

XYZ is similar to triangle ABC. The area of
triangle XYZ, in square centimetres, is:
A 30
D 45
B 35
E 50
C 40
A
B

6 cm
100
B X
15 cm
9 cm
10 cm

100
30

Y
A
M
C
Z
36 Two right circular cones are shown. The ratio of the
volume of the smaller cone to the volume of the larger
cone is:
45 cm
A 1:3 B 1:9 C 1 : 27
15 cm
SA

D 1 : 50 E 2:3

10 cm 30 cm

37 A right pyramid with a square base is shown. The square

base has sides of length 10 m. The length of each sloping
10 m
edge is also 10 m. The height of the pyramid in metres is:
height

A 40 B 50 C 60

D 200 E 1000
10 m
10 m

38 In triangle ABC as shown, sin x = 37 . The value of sin y is: B

1 9 1 6 cm 8 cm
A 7
B 28
C 2
4 3 x y
D E A C
7 4

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Chapter 15 Revision 437

39 A yacht follows a triangular course MNP as shown. 10 km

Revision
M P
The largest angle between any two legs of the course is
6 km 5 km
closest to: N
A 50 B 70 C 120
D 130 E 140

40 A hiker travels a distance of 5 km from point P to point Q on a bearing of 030 . She then
travels from point Q to point R on a bearing of 330 for 10 km. How far west of P is R in
kilometres?

E
A 2.5 B 5 C 7.5 D 10 E 15

41 In right angled triangle XYZ, X Y = 8.0 cm and Z

Y Z = 2.5 cm as shown. The length of ZX in
centimetres, correct to one decimal place, is: 2.5 cm

A 5.5
D 8.4

PL
B 7.6
E 10.5
C 8.2

42 The contour map has scale 1 : 20 000. A path XY is represented

on the map by a straight line segment 4 cm long. Point X is
on the 100 metre contour and point Y on the 250 metre
contour. The average slope of the path XY is:
A 0.03
D 0.3125
B 0.075
E 0.375
C 0.1875
Y

X
8.0 cm

Y
300
X
M
250
200

150
100
50
43 In the triangle shown angle PQR, correct to the nearest
Q
degree, equals:
SA

A 38 B 60 C 73 5 cm 7 cm
D 82 E 98
P
8 cm R

44 The diameter of a large sphere is 4 times the diameter of a smaller sphere. It follows that
the ratio of the volume of the large sphere to the volume of the smaller sphere is:
A 4:1 B 8:1 C 16 : 1 D 32 : 1 E 64 : 1

45 QR is parallel to ST and P Q : Q S = 2 : 1. Given that the P

area of triangle PST is 18 square centimetres, the area of
triangle PQR in square centimetres is:
A 2 B 6 C 8 Q R

D 9 E 12 S T

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438 Essential Further Mathematics Module 2 Geometry and trigonometry

15.2 Extended-response questions C

Revision
F
1 A yacht has two flat triangular sails as shown in
the diagram. The sail ABC is in the shape of a
right-angled triangle. The height AC is 10 metres
10 m
and the length AB is 3.6 metres. 8.3 m
a Calculate angle ABC. Write your answer 2.7 m
3.6 m 130
correct to the nearest degree. B A D E
b Calculate the length BC. Write your

E
answer in metres, correct to one
decimal place.
The sail DEF has side lengths D E = 2.7 metres and D F = 8.3 metres. The angle EDF
is 130 .
c Calculate the length EF. Write your answer in metres, correct to one decimal place.

decimal place.

PL
d Calculate the area of the sail DEF. Write your answer in square metres, correct to one

2 A course for a yacht race is triangular in shape and is marked

by three buoys T, U and V. Starting from buoy V, the yachts sail

5.4 kilometres on a bearing of 030 to buoy T. They then sail
to buoy U and back to buoy V. The angle TVU is 72 and the
angle TUV is 48 .
a Determine the bearing of V from U.
5.4 km
30
T

V 72 48
U
N
M
b Determine the distance TU. Write your answer in kilometres,
correct to one decimal place.
c Determine the shortest distance to complete the race. Write your answer in kilometres,
correct to one decimal place.

3 A navigational marker XYZ is in the shape of an equilateral Z

SA

triangle with side length of one metre. It is located in the

vicinity of a yacht race. 1m 1m
a Write down the size of angle XYZ.
X Y
Point O is the centroid (centre) of the triangle. Points 1m
M and N are the midpoints of sides XZ and YZ respectively.
Z
b Calculate the shortest distance from point O to side XY.
Write your answer in metres, correct to three decimal places.

1m M N 1m
O

X Y
1m

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Chapter 15 Revision 439

A piece of reflective material in the shape of a circle is

Revision
Z
attached to the centre of the navigational marker at the
centroid O. The ratio of the area of the shaded region of 1m 1m
reflective r
the navigational marker XYZ to the area of the reflective O
material
material is 2 : 1.
X Y
c Determine the radius, r, of the circle. Write your answer 1m
in metres, correct to three decimal places. [VCAA 2000]

4 Jane is landscaping her garden. A piece of shade B

E
cloth ABC has the dimensions as shown.
a Determine the length BC in metres. Write your
answer correct to two decimal places. 2.20 m

b Determine the angle ACB. Write your answer C

A 8.21 m
correct to the nearest degree.

PL
5 A paved area is constructed in the shape of a regular
octagon as shown.
a By calculation, show that the size of the angle GOH is
45 , where point O is the centre of the octagon.
b The length OG = OH = 2.30 metres. Calculate the area
of the octagonal paved area. Write your answer correct to
[VCAA 2003]

O
G

H
M
the nearest square metre.

A square herb garden EFGH is surrounded by four

regular octagonal paved areas as shown in the diagram.
K
c Calculate the side length GH of the square herb
garden. Write your answer in metres, correct to two G F
O 45
SA

decimal places. 2.30 m H E

d A straight wooden frame is to be built between points
O and K for hanging baskets.
i Calculate the length GK. Write your answer in
metres, correct to two decimal places.
ii Hence calculate the length OK. Write your
answer in metres, correct to two decimal places.

A second piece of shade cloth PQR is also R

P
triangular and has dimensions as shown in the 35
105 3m
diagram.
Q

(contd.)

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440 Essential Further Mathematics Module 2 Geometry and trigonometry

e Calculate the length PR. Write your answer in metres,

Revision
correct to two decimal places.
R
The second piece of shade cloth PQR is
P
35
attached to three vertical poles located 3m
105
at X, Y and Z as shown in the diagram. 3.5 m Q
3.5 m
Poles PX and QY are each 3.5 metres
X Z
long. The horizontal distance YZ is 2.7 metres.
2.7 m
f Calculate the length of the vertical pole Y

E
RZ. Write your answer correct to the
nearest centimetre. [VCAA 2003]

PL
M
SA

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