ESTRUCTURAS ESPECIALES CIV - LOSAS DE CIMENTACION

EJEMPLO DE APLICACIN

Una planta de losa de cimentacin con cargas de columnas como se muestra en la figura, calcular las
presiones del suelo en los puntos (A, B, C, D,..) el tamao de la losa es de 31.5 m x 37.5 m, tomando en
cuenta que las columnas esquineras son de 0.5 x 0.5 m, laterales de 0.65 x 0.65m, y centrales de 0.8 x 0.8 m
qadm(neta)=1.2365 kg/cm2 verifique que las presiones del suelo son menores que la capacidad de carga neta

admisible.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

DL=45.35 Ton DL=81.63 Ton DL=86.17 Ton DL=49.89 Ton

0,55

LL=27.21 Ton LL=54.42 Ton LL=54.42 Ton LL=31.79 Ton

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
4,75

DL=105.85 Ton DL=123.58 Ton DL=106.74Ton

DD=65.26 Ton DD=76.54 Ton LL=67.25 Ton

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
5

DL=82.67 Ton DL=160.52 Ton DL=172.56 Ton

DL=83.56 Ton
LL=56.32 Ton LL=95.42 Ton LL=108.25 Ton
LL=57.21 Ton

25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
5

DL=158.69 Ton DL=187.63 Ton DL=154.52 Ton

LL=93.54 Ton LL=102.6 Ton LL=92.65 Ton

33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
5

DL=92.24Ton
DL=90.54Ton DL=120.95 Ton DL=124.21 Ton
LL=60.12 Ton
LL=57.52 Ton LL=85.2 Ton LL=83.22 Ton
4,75

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

DL=81.63 Ton DL=82.44Ton

DL=54.42 Ton DL=54.78Ton
LL=54.42 Ton LL=55.27 Ton
LL=31.75 Ton LL=32.12 Ton
49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
3,25 3,5 3,5 3,5 3,5 3,25 0,55

nota

DL= carga muerta

LL= carga viva

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL U.M.R.P.S.F.X.CH

ESTRUCTURAS ESPECIALES CIV - LOSAS DE CIMENTACION

SOLUCION

Carga muerta de columnas

DL=1020.56 Ton

Carga viva de columnas

LL=681.95 Ton

Sumatoria de cargas de servicio

DL + LL = 1020.56+681.95=1702.5 Ton

Mayoracion de cargas cargas ACI 318-11 seccion 9.2

U=1.4 * DL + 1.7 LL

U =1.4*1020.56+1.7*681.95=2588.099Ton

Momento de Inercia de Cimentacion

3 15 203
= = = 100004
12 12

3 20 153
= = = 56254
12 12

Tambien

= 0

1702.5 = 3.5 (202.95 + 180.57) + 7.25 (96.44 + 272.77 + 105.15) + 11 (192.87 + 202.88)
+ 14.5 (57.66 + 104.48 + 57.9) = 12325.26

= 7.24

= 0

1702.5 = 19.5 (56.13 + 108.15 + 57.9) + 14.75 (180.57 + 202.88) + 9.75

(111.59 + 272.77 + 104.48) + 4.75 (202.95 + 192.87) = 16634.73

= 9.77

Calculo de excentricidades

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL U.M.R.P.S.F.X.CH

ESTRUCTURAS ESPECIALES CIV - LOSAS DE CIMENTACION

14.5
= = 7.24 = 0.01
2 2
19.5
= = 9.77 = 0.02
2 2

Momentos causados por la excentricidad

= = 2588.099 0.02 = 51.76

= = 2588.099 0.01 = 25.88

De la ecuacin =

2588.099 25.88 51.76

=
300 5625 10000

= 8.6455 0.01647 0.061318

PUNTO Q/A X 0.01647X Y -0.06131Y Q Ton/m2 Q Kg/cm2

1 8.6455 -10.5 -0.172935 12.5 -0.766375 7.70619 0.770619
2 8.6455 -8.75 -0.1441125 12.5 -0.766375 7.7350125 0.77350125
3 8.6455 -5.25 -0.0864675 12.5 -0.766375 7.7926575 0.77926575
4 8.6455 -1.75 -0.0288225 12.5 -0.766375 7.8503025 0.78503025
5 8.6455 1.75 0.0288225 12.5 -0.766375 7.9079475 0.79079475
6 8.6455 5.25 0.0864675 12.5 -0.766375 7.9655925 0.79655925
7 8.6455 8.75 0.1441125 12.5 -0.766375 8.0232375 0.80232375
8 8.6455 10.5 0.172935 12.5 -0.766375 8.05206 0.805206
9 8.6455 -10.5 -0.172935 10 -0.6131 7.859465 0.7859465
10 8.6455 -8.75 -0.1441125 10 -0.6131 7.8882875 0.78882875
11 8.6455 -5.25 -0.0864675 10 -0.6131 7.9459325 0.79459325
12 8.6455 -1.75 -0.0288225 10 -0.6131 8.0035775 0.80035775
13 8.6455 1.75 0.0288225 10 -0.6131 8.0612225 0.80612225
14 8.6455 5.25 0.0864675 10 -0.6131 8.1188675 0.81188675
15 8.6455 8.75 0.1441125 10 -0.6131 8.1765125 0.81765125
16 8.6455 10.5 0.172935 10 -0.6131 8.205335 0.8205335
17 8.6455 -10.5 -0.172935 5 -0.30655 8.166015 0.8166015
18 8.6455 -8.75 -0.1441125 5 -0.30655 8.1948375 0.81948375
19 8.6455 -5.25 -0.0864675 5 -0.30655 8.2524825 0.82524825
20 8.6455 -1.75 -0.0288225 5 -0.30655 8.3101275 0.83101275
21 8.6455 1.75 0.0288225 5 -0.30655 8.3677725 0.83677725
22 8.6455 5.25 0.0864675 5 -0.30655 8.4254175 0.84254175
23 8.6455 8.75 0.1441125 5 -0.30655 8.4830625 0.84830625
24 8.6455 10.5 0.172935 5 -0.30655 8.511885 0.8511885
25 8.6455 -10.5 -0.172935 0 0 8.472565 0.8472565
26 8.6455 -8.75 -0.1441125 0 0 8.5013875 0.85013875
27 8.6455 -5.25 -0.0864675 0 0 8.5590325 0.85590325
28 8.6455 -1.75 -0.0288225 0 0 8.6166775 0.86166775
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL U.M.R.P.S.F.X.CH
ESTRUCTURAS ESPECIALES CIV - LOSAS DE CIMENTACION

29 8.6455 1.75 0.0288225 0 0 8.6743225 0.86743225

30 8.6455 5.25 0.0864675 0 0 8.7319675 0.87319675
31 8.6455 8.75 0.1441125 0 0 8.7896125 0.87896125
32 8.6455 10.5 0.172935 0 0 8.818435 0.8818435
33 8.6455 -10.5 -0.172935 -5 0.30655 8.779115 0.8779115
34 8.6455 -8.75 -0.1441125 -5 0.30655 8.8079375 0.88079375
35 8.6455 -5.25 -0.0864675 -5 0.30655 8.8655825 0.88655825
36 8.6455 -1.75 -0.0288225 -5 0.30655 8.9232275 0.89232275
37 8.6455 1.75 0.0288225 -5 0.30655 8.9808725 0.89808725
38 8.6455 5.25 0.0864675 -5 0.30655 9.0385175 0.90385175
39 8.6455 8.75 0.1441125 -5 0.30655 9.0961625 0.90961625
40 8.6455 10.5 0.172935 -5 0.30655 9.124985 0.9124985
41 8.6455 -10.5 -0.172935 -10 0.6131 9.085665 0.9085665
42 8.6455 -8.75 -0.1441125 -10 0.6131 9.1144875 0.91144875
43 8.6455 -5.25 -0.0864675 -10 0.6131 9.1721325 0.91721325
44 8.6455 -1.75 -0.0288225 -10 0.6131 9.2297775 0.92297775
45 8.6455 1.75 0.0288225 -10 0.6131 9.2874225 0.92874225
46 8.6455 5.25 0.0864675 -10 0.6131 9.3450675 0.93450675
47 8.6455 8.75 0.1441125 -10 0.6131 9.4027125 0.94027125
48 8.6455 10.5 0.172935 -10 0.6131 9.431535 0.9431535
49 8.6455 -10.5 -0.172935 -12.5 0.766375 9.23894 0.923894
50 8.6455 -8.75 -0.1441125 -12.5 0.766375 9.2677625 0.92677625
51 8.6455 -5.25 -0.0864675 -12.5 0.766375 9.3254075 0.93254075
52 8.6455 -1.75 -0.0288225 -12.5 0.766375 9.3830525 0.93830525
53 8.6455 1.75 0.0288225 -12.5 0.766375 9.4406975 0.94406975
54 8.6455 5.25 0.0864675 -12.5 0.766375 9.4983425 0.94983425
55 8.6455 8.75 0.1441125 -12.5 0.766375 9.5559875 0.95559875
56 8.6455 10.5 0.172935 -12.5 0.766375 9.58481 0.958481

Determinacion de espesor de losa

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL U.M.R.P.S.F.X.CH

ESTRUCTURAS ESPECIALES CIV - LOSAS DE CIMENTACION

Para columna lateral critica

U=1.4*73.79+1,7*48.1=185.076 Tn

0 = 2 ( + )
d/2

0 = 2 ((0.65 + ) + (0.65 + ))
2

0 = 1.95 + 2 []

0 = 195 + 2 []
65.00
Del ACI 318-11

VcVu
d/2 65.00
Donde: =0.75 (corte)
d/2
Vc: resistencia cortante nominal del
concreto

Vu:resitencia cortante factorizada

= 1.1

= 0.75 1.1 210 (195 + 2)

= 23.9108 2 + 2331.300 = 185076

1 = 51.83 2 = 149.33

d/2 U=1.4*150.1+1,7*82.1=349.71 Tn

0 = 2 ( + )

0 = 4 (0.8 + )
80
0 = 3.20 + 4 []

0 = 320 + 4 []
d/2 80 d/2

d/2

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL U.M.R.P.S.F.X.CH

ESTRUCTURAS ESPECIALES CIV - LOSAS DE CIMENTACION

= 1.1

= 0.75 1.1 210 (320 + 4)

= 47.8215 2 + 3825.7235 = 349710

1 = 54.41 2 = 134.41

Por tanto usar d=54.41 cm

Con un recubrimiento mnimo de 5cm sobre el refuerzo y varillas de acero de 25mm de dimetro, el espesor
de la losa es:
2.5
= 54.41 + 5 + 2
= 60.66

asumir h=65cm
2.5
= 65 5 2
= 58.75

Calcular la reaccin promedio del suelo

Franja 1-2-49-50 (ancho=1.75m)

1 + 2 9.6307 + 9.66675
1 = = = 9.6487 /2
2 2
49 + 50 11.5507 + 11.58675
2 = = = 11.56873 /2
2 2

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL U.M.R.P.S.F.X.CH

ESTRUCTURAS ESPECIALES CIV - LOSAS DE CIMENTACION

TABLA DE RESULTADOS

reaccin total carga de CARGA PRESION PROMEDIO MODIFICADA (Q

q1 q2 qpromedio B L qprom mod *B
franja del suelo columnas PROMEDIO PROMEDIO MODIFICADA qprom mod) F
Ton/m Ton/m Ton/m2
2 2
m m Ton/m2
Ton/m
Ton Ton Ton
1-2-49-50 7.7206 9.2534 8.4870 371.3052 1.75 25 652.3200 511.8126 11.6986 0.7846 20.4725
2-3-50-51 7.7638 9.2966 8.5302 746.3934 3.5 25 512.2528 629.3231 7.1923 1.2285 25.1729
3-4-51-52 7.8215 9.3542 8.5879 751.4373 3.5 25 891.7632 821.6003 9.3897 0.9213 32.8640
4-5-52-53 7.8791 9.4119 8.6455 756.4813 3.5 25 592.1856 674.3334 7.7067 1.1387 26.9733
5-6-53-54 7.9368 9.4695 8.7031 761.5252 3.5 25 930.8032 846.1642 9.6704 0.9091 33.8466
6-7-54-55 7.9944 9.5272 8.7608 766.5691 3.5 25 637.5940 702.0816 8.0238 1.1011 28.0833
7-8-55-56 8.0376 9.5704 8.8040 385.1760 1.75 25 560.6128 472.8944 10.8090 0.8435 18.9158
1-9-8-16 7.7828 8.1287 7.9558 417.6775 2.5 21 522.8672 470.2724 8.9576 0.8994 22.3939
9-17-16-24 8.0127 8.3586 8.1857 859.4959 5 21 660.8184 760.1571 7.2396 1.1503 36.1980
17-25-24-32 8.3193 8.6652 8.4922 891.6836 5 21 986.5392 939.1114 8.9439 0.9519 44.7196
25-33-32-40 8.6455 8.9717 8.8086 924.9035 5 21 953.6952 939.2994 8.9457 0.9849 44.7285
33-41-40-48 8.9324 9.2783 9.1053 956.0591 5 21 868.3344 912.1968 8.6876 1.0505 43.4379
41-47-48-56 9.2442 9.5082 9.3762 492.2495 2.5 21 542.1040 517.1767 9.8510 0.9540 24.6275

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL U.M.R.P.S.F.X.CH

ESTRUCTURAS ESPECIALES CIV - LOSAS DE CIMENTACION

CARGAS CORREGIDAS CON EL FACTOR MULTIPLICADOR F

DL LL DL+LL 1.4DL+1.7LL (1.4DL+1.7LL)*F

36.28 21.768 58.048 87.7976 68.8863
66.136 66.136 132.272 205.0216 160.8607
72.432 72.432 144.864 224.5392 176.1743
43.536 43.536 87.072 134.9616 105.8914
652.32
84.68 52.208 136.888 207.3056 254.6832
126.952 74.832 201.784 304.9472 374.6399
512.2528
65.304 43.536 108.84 165.4368 152.4204
128.416 76.336 204.752 309.5536 285.1983
96.76 68.16 164.92 251.336 231.5612
65.304 43.536 108.84 165.4368 152.4204
891.7632
98.864 61.232 160.096 242.504 276.1441
150.104 82.08 232.184 349.6816 398.1893
592.1856
68.936 43.536 112.472 170.5216 155.0159
138.048 86.6 224.648 340.4872 309.5263
99.368 66.576 165.944 252.2944 229.3530
65.952 44.216 110.168 167.5 152.2690
930.8032
85.392 53.8 139.192 211.0088 232.3507
123.616 74.12 197.736 299.0664 329.3146
510.0752
39.912 25.432 65.344 99.1112 83.6034
66.848 45.768 112.616 171.3928 144.5752
73.792 48.096 121.888 185.072 156.1140
43.824 25.696 69.52 105.0368 88.6018
560.6128
36.28 21.768 58.048 87.7976 78.9661
65.304 43.536 108.84 165.4368 148.7956
68.936 43.536 112.472 170.5216 153.3690
39.912 25.432 65.344 99.1112 89.1417
522.8672
84.68 52.208 136.888 207.3056 238.4692
98.864 61.232 160.096 242.504 278.9589
85.392 53.8 139.192 211.0088 242.7291
660.8184
66.136 42.656 108.792 165.1056 157.1682
128.416 76.336 204.752 309.5536 294.6718
138.048 86.6 224.648 340.4872 324.1183
66.848 45.768 112.616 171.3928 163.1531

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL U.M.R.P.S.F.X.CH

ESTRUCTURAS ESPECIALES CIV - LOSAS DE CIMENTACION

986.5392
126.952 74.832 201.784 304.9472 300.3441
150.104 82.08 232.184 349.6816 344.4032
123.616 74.12 197.736 299.0664 294.5521
953.6952
72.432 46.016 118.448 179.632 188.7058
96.76 68.16 164.92 251.336 264.0318
99.368 66.576 165.944 252.2944 265.0386
73.792 48.096 121.888 185.072 194.4206
868.3344
43.536 25.4 68.936 104.1304 99.3422
65.304 43.536 108.84 165.4368 157.8296
65.952 44.216 110.168 167.5 159.7979
43.824 25.696 69.52 105.0368 100.2070
542.104

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL U.M.R.P.S.F.X.CH

ESTRUCTURAS ESPECIALES CIV - LOSAS DE CIMENTACION

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIVIL U.M.R.P.S.F.X.CH