1.

Heads homogamous or heterogamous nut in the first case flower hermaprodit, involucral
bracts not connate or only so at the base.
2. Heads homogamous see also; corolla tubular
3. Pappus not sticky, consisting of hairs, nristles or scales, cup-shaped or wanting
4. Pappus consisting of scales, sometimes woth an aciculate apex, or cup-shape and in that
case someones with some awns at the apex, or wanting
5. Receptacle paleaceous (pales sometimes cadudous) anther-base sagittate
6. Pales enclosing the flower or not so. Leaves opposite
7. Pales more or less flat, not enclosing the flower
8. Achenes with 1-8 awns at the apex, pappus wanting

Kunci Determinasi : 1b, 3a, 4b, 5b, 23a, 24a, 25b, 26a

Kepala homogamous atau heterogamous biji dalam hermafrodit jika bunga pertama, bracts
involucral tidak bawaan atau hanya jadi di pangkalan.

Kepala homogamous lihat juga; corolla tubular

Pappus tidak lengket, yang terdiri dari rambut, bulu atau sisik, berbentuk cangkir atau cawan

Pappus terdiri dari sisik, kadang-kadang dengan apex lebih tajam, atau bentuk cangkir dan dalam
kasus sesuatu dengan beberapa rumput di puncak, atau ingin

Wadah paleaceous (artinya jika kadang-kadang cadudous) anter-dasar sagittate

Artinya jika melampirkan bunga atau tidak begitu. daun berlawanan

Artinya jika lebih atau kurang datar, tidak melampirkan bunga

Achenes dengan 1-8 awns di puncak, pappus ingin

 1. Heads homogamous or heterogamous nut in the first case flower hermaprodit, involucral
bracts not connate or only so at the base. .. 3b
2. Heads homogamous, corolla tubular and the corolla ligulate, or heads heterogamous
(sometimes marginal flowers remer) and the corolla different as to shape, length, or
colour in marginal and disk flower. .. 33b
3. Head heterogamous, sometimes with neuter marginal flowers; corolla or marginal and
disk flowers different in shape length or colour ; receptacle naked or paleaceous ... 41a
4. Receptacle paleaceus see also or provided with 1-1,5 mm long, white hairs ... 42a
5. Pappus wanting; achenes sometimes passing into awns or with an irregulary dentate
margin at the apex . 43a
6. Leaves opposite, sometimes partly alternate 44b
7. Involucral bracts 4 to numerous, without stalked glands 45b
8. Involucral and pales otherwise 46b
9. Involucral otherwise, receptacle conical or not so .47b
10. Involucre and achenes otherwise 48b
11. Receptacle flat, convex or conical; pales embracing the flowers or not so 49b
12. Pales not embracing flowers or achenes ..... 54b
13. Involucral bracts small; pales otherwise .. 55b
14. Heads single, binate, or in corymbs or panicles, fairly small to large; receptacle clearly
paleaceous; achenes dorsally compressed or 3 or 4 angular .. 56b
15. Receptacle flat or slinghtly convex. Head single, binate, or in corymbs or panicles 57b
16. Leaves 3 foliate, pinnatipartite to quadripinnatifid, sometimes lover ones simple and
lanceolate 58b
17. Achenes passing into 1-8 awns with retrirse bristles 59a
18. Style-arms acute; achenes passing into 1-8 awns at the apex, not beaked .Bidens

Kepala homogamous atau heterogamous kacang dalam hermaprodit kasus bunga pertama, bracts
involucral tidak bawaan atau hanya jadi di pangkalan.
Kepala homogamous, corolla tubular

Kepala heterogamous, kadang-kadang dengan bunga marginal netral; corolla atau marjinal dan disk
yang berbeda bunga panjangnya bentuk atau warna; wadah telanjang atau paleaceous

paleaceus wadah atau disediakan dengan 1-1,5 mm panjang, rambut putih

Pappus ingin; achenes kadang-kadang melewati ke awns atau dengan margin dentate tak beraturan di
puncak

Daun berlawanan, kadang-kadang sebagian alternatif

bracts Involucral 4 sampai banyak, tanpa kelenjar mengintai

Involucral dan artinya jika sebaliknya

Involucral dinyatakan, wadah berbentuk kerucut atau tidak begitu

Penutup dan achenes sebaliknya

Lubang datar, cembung atau kerucut; artinya jika merangkul bunga atau tidak begitu

Artinya jika tidak merangkul bunga atau achenes

13. Involucral bracts kecil; artinya jika sebaliknya
14. Kepala tunggal, binate, atau dalam corymbs atau malai, cukup kecil ke besar; Lubang jelas
paleaceous; achenes punggung dikompresi atau 3 atau 4 sudut
15. Lubang datar atau slinghtly cembung. Satu kepala, binate, atau dalam corymbs atau malai
16. Daun 3 tertutup oleh dedaunan, pinnatipartite untuk quadripinnatifid, kadang-kadang orang-orang
pecinta sederhana dan lanset
17. achenes melewati ke 1-8 awns dengan bulu retrirse
18. Style-lengan akut; achenes melewati ke 1-8 awns di puncak, tidak berparuh
heads solitary or in corymbiform or paniculiform inflorescences, on straight, rigid peduncles,
heterogamous and radiate, or homogamous and discoid; marginal flowers 1 seriate and neuter, or
wanting; disk-flowers numerous, hermaprodit; involucre campanulate; bracts 2-3 seriate, connate
at the base, outer one herbaceous; pales narrow, flat; corolla in the marginal flowers ligulate,
with a short tube and a dentate or entire legule, in the disk-flowers tubular, 5-dentate, usually
yellow; antherswith an entire or shallowly sagittate base and an acute apex' style-arms subacute,
hairy at the top' achenes centrifugally decreasing in lenght, dorsally compressed or 3-4 angular,
dark brown, passing inti 1-8 apical retrorsely bristly awns; pappus wanting. leaves opposite. erect
herbs; the Javan species annual.

Outer involucral bracts narrowly spatula, more or less acute, not distinctly ciliate at the
margins, usually glabrous, sometimes sparingly short-hairy, inner ones elliptic, acute or obtuse;
achenes 1 cm long; apical awns 2-3, 2-4 mm long; heads radiate, 20-40 flowered, 5-7 mm long,
7-8 mm diam, peduncles 1-9 cm; marginal flowers 5-7; ligule of corolla oblong to broadly
elliptic, yellow or creamy white; 2-5 dentate, 5-8 mm long.

Leaves 1-6 cm petioled, glabrous or shortly hairy on both surfaces, dentate-serrate, higher
ones ternate or imparipinnate, usually 2-, sometimes 3-jugate, leaflets ovate-oblong with a
cuneate, shortly decurrent base and an acute apex, , 1-12 cm (petiole disregarded) by -51/2 cm,
lower leaves ovate, eith a tapering base and acute apex (petiole disregarded) 11/2 7 cm long;
highest leaves lanceolate, with an acuminate apex, 2-3 cm by c. cm. often much branched.
0.15-1.00; I-XII; W.C.E; 250-2500; descending along watercourses; agricultural fields, gardens,
road-sides, tea-, cinchona-, coffee- and Hevea-plantations, village-groves; perhaps very long ago
introduced from America, but since long naturalized in Java.