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  • Fatigue Tests On Flanged Assemblies

    Transféré par

    Eugenio Durban
    117 vues11 pages
    Fatigue Tests on Flanged Assemblies

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    Fatigue Tests on Flanged Assemblies

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    Fatigue Tests on Flanged Assemblies

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PDF ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    117 vues11 pages

    Fatigue Tests On Flanged Assemblies

    Transféré par

    Eugenio Durban
    Fatigue Tests on Flanged Assemblies

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PDF ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 11
    Fatigue Tests on Flanged Assemblies Br A.R. C, MARL! avo H. H. GEORGE,* LOUISVILLE, KY. ive differences between the various types of pipe Manges in common use have long been recognized, but their quantitative evaluation In terms of rules, formulas, th could be used as.a guide by the practicing fengineer has been accomplished only partially. Two problems are involved, i.e, the determination of the Strength and tightness of a flanged assembly under ine ternal pressure, and the other the effects of the variable bending moments associated with mechanical vibrations jctuations of the flowing medium or surrounding atmosphere. “The present investigation is intended ¢o contribute toward an understanding of the latter phase, tensification factors are reported which have been obtained from fatigue teats of full-scale ‘esemblies of 4-in. flanges of the 500-Ib ASA pressure class and hence are directly applicable to piping flexibility aleulations. ermopveriox F LATE, a growing demand for « more complete under- standing and detailed evaluation of the components en- ‘tring nto the design of preseure containers and piping has ‘made itself felt. In the pressure-vessel field, this has led to the formation of the Pressure Vesel Rasearch Council which already ‘bas produced valuable information on the magaitude of local streses at shell-tochead junctions and other related problems. In the piping field, evidence of the aame trend isto be found in the ‘forts ofa special subgroup of Subcommittee 3 of ABA Sectional Committee BIG to define more closely the limitations of the ‘commonly used types of pipe anges and to diferentiate between ‘Heir pressure ratings "The pressurevestel Gange problem is primarily one of statics snd involves en evaluation of the interaction of bolt extension, szusket compression, and ange rotation under the effects of aa spplied bolt load aad intornal pressure, a it affects Gangestresa and, perhaps more significantly, joint tightness. For fanges forming part of piping aystem, an additional, dynamic problem arises, namely, Ghat of evaluating the useful life of atemblies subject to eycic bending moments eaused by mechanieal ibrar tions oF thermal changes, ‘Scorn or Tests ‘The investigation reported herein relates tothe latter axpectof| the problem." While it has been initiated with the express pur- pose of asisting ASA Committee B16 in its dificult tak of defin- Ing the proper uses, ratings, and limitations of diferent Oange types, at the same time itis to be considered aa part of m come prehensive fatigue-testing program on fullseae piping assemblies underts en by the authors! company asa service tothe industri ‘whieh use its products, CCyelially reversed bending testa were carried out on assem- bles involving the following types of commonly used fanges: hel Research Engineer, Tube Turn, Ine, 3 Reeearch Engineer, Tube Tures, Ine CContrivsted by the Power Division aad presented at the Spring Meeting, New Losdoa, Conn, May 2-4, 1040, of Tae AMERICAS Soccer om Mecnanross Ewoixeeas. ‘Nove: Statement aad opinions advanced in papers are to be understood ab individual expreions of their asthore and bot thoes of the Soclety. Paper No. 49—E- (A) Stip-on danges, (B) Socket melding flanges, (©) Welding-neck or butt-welding anges. (D) Ring flanges. (2) Laprioine anges, (F) Threaded flanges, Wherever different methods of sttachment could be visualized, {heir infuence onthe lf of the aszembly was explored eeparataly, For instance, ia the ease of slip-on anges, ot only were two types of double-welded designs tested, but aeparate runs were made with ‘hub weld only and face weld only to determine thir relative contributions to the endurance strength of the assembly. Ia the caso of socket welding flanges, similar investigations were earied ‘out and, in addition, an attempt waa made to evaluate the effect ofthe relative proximity of front and back welds; alsa to find out ‘whether aay signifeant difeences in strength are evident where ‘the pipe is butted against the bottom of the socket as compared ‘with a loose assembly leving a gap atthe end ofthe pipe. Tn the ‘ase of threaded fanges, come assemblies were made up with nor ‘mal thread engagement, and others with the pipe threaded through the flange and refaced, Every one ofthe basi varianta Js ilasteated in Fig 1. All Uhe assemblies involved in the main test eeres were made using din, earbon-steel flanges of the 300-Ib ASA pressure elast ‘and standard weight (Sehedule 40) pipe, all welding being done by the Heat and Power Corporation, Baltimore, Md., employing welders qualifed by The Hartford Iatpection and Insurance Company. ‘Supplementary teats were run with some of the same types of assemblies, but using ordinary experienced welders who had been instructed expressly to deposit the minimum amount of welding which might be considered as passing the requirementa of Section VII of the ASME Boiler Construction Code, the express purpote being to widen the rango of the test data and ‘ature that any values derived for design use would be reazonably contervative. ‘A further supplementary test series, restricted to alip-on and welding neck flanges, was run with pipe of 0.080 ia, wall thickem® ‘to obtain an idea ofthe size effect; thia test eerie, besides provid lng direct information on assemblies involving 4-in, light-wall pipe, also might be considered as a modal test of, say, a 12a, SSange attached to standard-weight pipe Marmncats ax Preranarion All assemblies were of in. nominal size, the anger being made of forged steel and coaforming to the 200-Ib American Standard, and the pipe and lap-jint stub ends to standard weight (except for the supplementary tests on lightweight pipe refered to previously). Dimensional and materials information fn these componeats is compiled in Table 1, ‘Through-thresded bolt studs of #/« jo, diam and SAB 4140 ratarial wore used to attach the text Ganges to the mating ‘Banges on the adapter, which were designed to be slightly tier to sure that ange failure, if encountered, would occur in the ‘test epesimen rather than the adspter. The physical properties of the studs conformed to the requirements of ASTM Species tion A198, Grade BC. The semifnished hexagon nuta com formed to the heavy series of ASA Standard BIS.2. Gaskets were Ys in, thick X 4 in. ID X 7¥/s in, OD asbeston us he sur-on socxer weLone Fiance, ormen ruance TEs, Za Fio. 1 Detaits or Fiances ano Vanianrs op Fuaxor Arrscnusivs Taste ix Maan Senza ao! Tiber ary id ob ri Ieuan ot approinainly pr cent beavis tum reued by te ode fy row Psiag ies TABLE 1 DIMENSIONAL AND MATERIALS DATA oe — _ Stes, alin Bbat S RA RRRE =F rng anaes wore machined trom oe ange.

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