News analysis Health Business

Kagame honoured Mosquitoes arent Ugandas textile industry lebrating

for great tourism going away picking up the threads Ce

Issue No. 493 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 Ushs 5,000,Kshs 200, RwF 1,500, SDP 8
Years

Does this
woman know
Who killed
Kaweesi?
Details of how she has
juggled Kaka,Kayihura,
Tumukunde, Museveni

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Independent Publications Limited, Plot 82/84, Kanjokya Street, P. O. Box 3304, Kampala, Uganda
Tel: +256-312-637-391/ 2/ 3/ 4 | Fax: +256-312-637-396 | E-mail: editorial@independent.co.ug,
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INBOX

Issue No. 493 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017

The Week The Last Word Analysis Business Arts &

Culture
4|Rukungiri DPC The 14| DW Akademies 22|Ugandas
replaced after violent media mission : textile industry
scenes
tragedy Organisation focuses on picking up the
43|Kampalas
chaotic
of self- training of journalists threads:
landscape
indulgence: amidst shrinking media Fine Spinners
4|WHO withdraws through the
plan to sell
Mugabes The blind freedoms eyes of artists
T-shirts at US$3
ambassadorial
appointment
politics on the local
of Diane market

Rwigara 18|Tears and cheers

4|Police bans joint over new GMO law 24|Simcard
consultations, arrests
and her registration
54|Safest
allies in the Seat in car
opponents of lifting dividends: surprising
age limit Western Operators fear
20| Kagame honoured strict registration
(and some
5|Supporters ask for great tourism requirement will
Minister Nantaba, regional) slow growth of
MP Lugoloobi to media subscribers
wear red ribbons

STRATEGY & EDITORIAL DIRECTOR: Andrew M. Mwenda
MANAGING EDITOR: Joseph Were
INVESTIGATIONS EDITOR: Haggai Matsiko
BUSINESS EDITOR: Isaac Khisa
PHOTOGRAPHER: Jimmy Siya
WRITERS:Ronald Musoke, Flavia Nassaka, Ian Katusiime,
Agnes Nantaba, Agather Atuhaire, Julius Businge.
DESIGN/LAYOUT: Ronny Kahuma, Sarah Ngororano.

PUBLISHER: Independent Publications Limited, Plot 82/84, Kanjokya Street, P. O. Box 3304, Kampala, Uganda
Tel: +256-312-637-391/ 2/ 3/ 4 | Fax: +256-312-637-396 E-mail: editor@independent.co.ug | advertising@independent.co.ug
circulation@independent.co.ug | Website: www.independent.co.ug

2 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017

 Offline

President Yoweri Museveni

interacts with a consortium
of investors led by Mark
Holtzman (R) shortly
after their meeting at the
State lodge in Gulu on
October 20. The investors
expressed interests in
various key areas of the
Ugandan economy, namely
fruit juice processing, I have my political views and I should
purifying minerals and be able to express them wherever I am.
banking services among
others. It can be a music concert or any other
place. Musician-cum-politician Robert
Kyagulanyi after Police banned his concerts

French Ambassador to
Uganda Stephanie Rivoal,
(M) posing for a photo
with the Uganda youth
explosion economic
transformation and
innovation association
during the launch of
the 4th edition of Meet
the Boss Magazine on Unlike NAADS, OWC encompasses
October 21 at the French
Ambassadors Residence, other groups outside agriculture,
Nakasero. including mechanics, food vendors,
artistes and several others who
must be included in the struggle to
eliminate poverty Gen Salim Saleh, Chief
Coordinator, Operation Wealth Creation

NRM members of
parliament laying a
wrath of flowers onto
Tanga Odois fathers
casket during the burial
ceremony on October 20
in Kisoko Tororo district.
Tororo members of
parliament called for unity
among the Iteso and the
Jopadola communities
for the good of the
district. INDEPENDENT/ I am under huge pressure to fund new
JIMMY SIYA
districts.Secretary to the Treasury Keith
Muhakanizi

46% Children who are

malnourished in Kalangala 50 Years the Kampala
Archdiocese is 72 Law firms that have been
blacklisted by the Uganda
according to a new study celebrating Law Council

Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 3

Week
Rukungiri DPC replaced after violent scenes Court upholds
Following violence in Rukungiri district police and red-ribbon clad opponents of the Katuntus election
which left one dead, the Inspector General proposed constitutional amendment bill to
of Police General Kale Kayihura on Oct.21 change presidential age limits will report to Abdu Katuntu
shuffled DPC Richard Emuna replacing the police department of Human Resource was validly elected
him with Moses Nanok an officer who was and Administration for redeployment. Member of Parlia-
demoted to the rank of assistant superinten- During the Rukungiri incident, ment for Bugweri
dent of police after being convicted for beat- police under the command of Emuna County, court ruled
on Oct.20. The three
ing Dr. Kizza Besigyes supporters last year. used teargas and bullets to disperse
judges of the court
In a memo to staff, Kayihura said Emuna protestors leaving one of them identified
of appeal Justices
who was injured in the scuffle between the as Edson Nasasira dead.
Steven Kavuma,
Remmy Kasule and
Richard Buteera Abdu Katuntu
ruled that Daniel
Ibaale who had way the votes were
petitioned court counted for they
seeking a recount signed the election
of the votes cast on forms which is an
February18 say- indicator that what
ing his votes were they were append-
wrongly counted ing their signatures
lacked evidence to to was not errone-
support this. The ous.
judges said Ibaale In the judgment
didnt indicate spe- read by court of
cific polling stations appeal registrar
where his votes Tadeo Asiimwe,
were miscounted Ibaale was ordered
and that he didnt to pay costs of the
provide evidence petition in both
that his agents were Court of Appeal
dissatisfied with the and lower courts.
DR. Kizza Besigye walks with opponents of the age limit bill in Rukungiri.

WHO withdraws Mugabes Minister clarifies on workers

ambassadorial appointment deaths in Middle East
The World Health Organisa- after activists from across the In an Oct. 20
tion (WHO) has withdrawn the globe faulted him for asking the press conference
appointment of Zimbabwes 93-year-old president to serve at Uganda Media
President Robert Mugabe as the in the role to help tackle NCDs Center in Kam-
goodwill ambassador for health such as heart disease, asthma pala, the Minister of
following widespread backlash and cancer that are increasingly
Gender, Labor and
on social media. The president becoming a public health scare
Social affairs Janat
had been appointed on Oct.18 at across Africa.
Mukwaya said
a global conference in Uruguay Many said Mugabe cant
5Ugandans have
on Non Communicable Dis- be the face of this campaign
died in Middle East
eases (NCDs). considering that the country
Before a statement recon- he presides over has a in the last eight
sidering the appointment was decayed health system. Also, months refuting
released, in an Oct.21 tweet, Human Rights defenders earlier claims of
WHOs Director General Tedros said calling Mugabe a good 48 people. Ear- Janat Mukwaya
Adhanom Ghebreyesus said he will ambassador for anything lier MPs Mwine
was rethinking the approach in embarrasses considering his Mpaka representa-
light of the organization values appalling human rights record. tive of the western obtained this infor- ers. Just recently
Uganda youth and mation from the the government
David Abala of Uganda Embassy lifted the ban on
Ngora County had in the United Arabs exporting domestic
revealed that up to Emirates. workers to Jordan
35 Ugandans had This comes and Saudi Arabia
committed suicide amidst piling up after imposing
whereas some have complaints of tor- strict regulations
died of accidents ture by Ugandans for individuals to
and high blood who seek employ- go through recruit-
pressure in just a ment in Arab ment agencies that
few months. The countries especially are recognized in
Robert Mugabe MPs said they had as domestic work- the country.

4 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017


Stella Nyanzi
Makerere board to
hear Stella Nyanzis
case again
The Makerere university
appointments board has been
given 60 days to hear again
the disciplinary case of activist
and Research fellow at Maker-
ere Institute of Social Research
Dr. Stella Nyanzi. The Mak-
erere university staff appeals
tribunal also ordered that the
researchers application for
promotion to senior research
fellow be considered and be
reinstated at the institute. The
board had in February sus-
pended and transferred Nyan-
zi from the institute following
nasty fight with the Institutes
Director Prof. Mahmood
Mamdani. Now, the tribunal
asks that witnesses testifying
against her be heard before a
final decision is made.
Meanwhile in court where
her cyber harassment case
was supposed to be heard on
Oct.23, it flopped due to pros-
ecutors strike. Chief Magis-
trate James Eremye was sup-
posed to receive a response
from Resident State Attorney
Jonathan Muwaganya on the
Directorate of Public Prosecu-
tions position on whether to
proceed and try the academi-
cian for offensive communi-
cation against the Person of
the President. She will now
appear again on Nov.24.
Week
Electoral commission endorses Bwanikas referendum proposal
Former Presidential can-
didate Abed Bwanika is set
to start collecting signatures
after the Electoral Commission
endorsed his application to
allow citizens decide on amend-
ing article 105(2) and 102(b)
of the constitution to remove
presidential age limits through
a referendum.
In an Oct.18 letter, the com-
mission notified Bwanika that
they had designed for him
forms that would facilitate
him in the collection of sig-
natures. Already Bwanika
has embarked on a campaign Electoral Commission to hold registered voters if the vote is to
dubbed Refrenda 2017 to raise a referendum whether national happen. Meanwhile parliament
awareness about his move. or in any part of the country has asked members to consult
Article 255 of the constitution on any issue. Bwanika needs their constituents over the same.
gives citizens a right to ask the a tenth of the total number of
Police bans joint Supporters ask Minister Nantaba, MP
consultations, arrests Lugoloobi to wear red ribbons
opponents of lifting At a rally held in
Kayunga district on
their voters on the bill but
it turned rowdy when
age limit Oct.20, Ntenjeru county some individuals showed
Member of Parliament up with yellow ribbons
Amos Lugoloobi together to show support of the
In a letter signed on behalf of with State Minister for amendment. Accusing
Asuman Mugenyi, the Director of ICT Aida Erios Nantaba them of breeding the
Operations, the police has banned who doubles as Kayunga dictatorship the red rib-
joint consultative meetings by Woman MP were asked bon youth, beat up and
members of parliament on the bill by constituents to wear overpowered their yel-
to amend the constitution to lift red ribbons, a symbol low ribbon counterparts
presidential age limit. Saying these used by opponents of the a brawl that lasted about
meetings are used by members of proposed constitutional an a hour. After that the
the opposition to incite violence, amendment bill to among scuffle, while declaring the
the police said MPs are barred others remove presidential results of his consultation,
from appearing on rallies outside age limits to show their Lugoloobi said he would
their constituencies and that all side. go with the view of the
meetings must end by 6pm. The duo had organized majority who are against
The directive that came after the the meeting to consult the removal of limits
leader of opposition in parliament
Winnie Kizza announcing that
members would hold joint con-
sultations across the country was
deemed unfair by several opposi-
tion MPs and said that they would
defy it. The first rally to be held
after the directive was in Kasubi in
Rubaga division where opposition
MPs, supporters and the police
engaged in running battles that
resulted into firing bullets and
teargas to disperse protestors. A
day after on Oct.20, police blocked
a rally organized by Makindye
West legislator Allan Sewanyana
and his supporters arrested.
Minister Nantaba in green with Ntenjeru MP Amos Lugoloobi.
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 5
Week

42 under close monitoring Museveni, General Electric group discuss oil refinery
after Marburg outbreak On Oct 23, President Yoweri Museveni and profitable to both the Government
held a meeting with the leadership of of Uganda and capital market investors;
By Press time, one General Electric (GE) consortium, which leading to the creation of job for the people
case of Marburg had has confirmed commitment to long-term of Uganda. Ado Oseragbaje, on his part,
been confirmed in cooperation with Uganda to construct an said that the Consortium is committed
oil refinery in the country. The meeting to investing in Uganda. He noted that
the Eastern Uganda
took place at State House, Entebbe. The when the refinery project is completed,
district of Kween
Vice-President and CEO of General it will not only be an asset to Uganda but
whereas other two
Electric Oil and Gas in Sub-Sahara Africa, also to Africa. The consortium comprises
were suspected. 42
Mr. Ado Oseragbaje, led the consortium General Electric (GE), YAATRA Ventures
cases were being delegation. Museveni told the GE LLC, Intra-Continent Asset Holdings
closely monitored for delegation that Uganda is committed to Ltd (IA) and Saipem SpA. Their major
the viral hemorrhagic the establishment of an oil refinery project roles as partners involve Engineering,
fever. In an Oct.22 statement, Health Min- that is cost effective, technologically sound Procurement and Construction.
ister Dr. Jane Ruth Aceng said the outbreak
happens around the same time the country
is holding Global Health Security Agenda
conference, a high level ministerial meeting
to forge ways of supporting countries to
prevent, detect and respond to emerging and
re- emerging infectious diseases and public
health threats through research and emulat-
ing other countries best practices.
As a country we have built our capacity
to manage outbreaks, but we still need to
consolidate and strengthen our systems for
sustainability, she said.
However, as health workers work to con-
tain the virus, the public is warned that the
disease that spreads through bodily fluids is
highly contagious. Affected persons present
with symptoms such as high fever, bleeding,
vomiting and diarrhea and there is no spe-
cific treatment for the disease. President Museveni meeting the General Electric (GE)delegation at State House, Entebbe on Oct 23.

Activists demand Besigyes release

Former opposition FDC presidential
candidate Dr. Kizza Besigye was arrested
at his home district in Rukungiri on Oct.19
as he headed to Kabale district to launch
the red ribbon campaign against amend-
ing the constitution to lift presidential
age limits. Besigye who together with
FDCs secretary for mobilization Ingrid
Turinawe and former legislator and party
presidential contestant Patrick Amuriat
were by Oct.23 still detained at Nagalama
Police station in Kayunga where they were
detained after being driven from Rukun-
giri.
According to Kampala Lord Mayor
Erias Lukwago no charge had been pre-
ferred against them and yet the police had
refused to release them on bond. Its on this
note that members of the opposition and
sympathizers tying red ribbons around
their heads and others in red caps stormed
the police station demanding their release.
However, it remained unclear as to
when they would be released since
they couldnt be arraigned in court as
prosecutors countrywide are on strike
over salaries.

*terms and conditions apply

Dial *133 * 8#
6 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017

Each MP bags 29m for Age limit consultation
Parliament has put aside Shs13billion
to facilitate members of parliament as
they consult their constituents about the
proposed constitutional amendment bill
seeking to change article 102(b) which puts
presidential age limits between 35 and
75 years. Confirming this, parliaments
Director for Communication Chris Obore
said they had deposited Shs29million on
bank accounts of each of the 449 MPs.
They are expected to consult for 15 days
but some especially those in the opposition
have already been holding rallies in
different areas across the country ever since
Ayota replaces Ssali at NSSF
Patrick Ayota, the Chief Financial Officer
at the National Social Security Fund (NSSF)
is the new Deputy Managing Director.
Finance Minister Matia Kasaija announced
to the funds staff that they had made
changes dropping controversial deputy
Geraldine Ssali Busuulwa but re-appointed
Managing Director Richard Byarugaba and
Corporation Secretary Richard Wejuli Wab-
wire for another five years in a contract that
kicks off on October30.
Ssali had on Oct.16 written to the Min-
ister expressing interest in renewing her
the speaker sent them on recess to enable
them interact with their voters before the
committee of legal and parliamentary affairs
start scrutinizing the bill.
Earlier, the Opposition Whip and
Semujju Nganda had said that he wouldnt
take the money saying its a bribe from Okello Charles Peter and Okello P. Engora
President Museveni being camouflaged
as consultation money. To him, MPs
are already facilitated in their monthly
allowances to cater for such issues. But for
Obore, all MPs have received the money
and those who dont wish to use it can
return it to the treasury.
Patrick Ayota Geraldine Ssali
contract that expires on Oct.29 pointing out
that she hadnt heard from him in writing
regarding the matter and yet she needed a
Week
Appeals court decides
on Minister Engolas
qualifications case
Court of appeal on Oct.23 declared that
petitioner Ayena Odongo pays 50% of the
costs incurred by Defense State Minister
Charles Okello Engola in court fees after
they found the minister qualified to be
Oyam Norths Member of Parliament,
although high court had earlier thrown him
out.
The judges of the court of appeal led by
Justice Steven Kavuma said the Minister
possessed more than the required quali-
fications for a parliamentary position and
that Ayena failed to provide evidence that
Engolas qualifications were fake shifting the
burden of proof to the respondent.
Ayena in his petition had maintained that
Engola had submitted a Masters Degree
for nomination that belongs to someone
else but court ruled the ministers names
Macodogwo did not have an effect on his
academic qualifications as the how the
names are arranged on academic papers
doesnt matter. Engola explained to court
that Engola is his fathers name, letter P
stands for Patrick and that he acquired the
name Macodwongo for political reasons.
fair hearing before her fate in the workers
body is determined.
I have been compelled to write because
I feel that I did not get an opportunity to be
heard and explain the alleged grounds for
refusal to renew my contract that is expiring
in the next few weeks, she stated.
However, the Funds board had
recommended that her contract shouldnt
be renewed. Earlier she had run to court
to block the same board from evicting
her over among others accusations of
insubordination.
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 7
Humour Inbox
Solidarity with Action Aid
On Sept.20, police raided,
searched, interrogated staff
and confiscated property of
two NGOs; including Action
Aid International Uganda. The
action was precipitated by a
search warrant from court and
was followed by the central
bank freezing Action Aids
bank accounts on Oct.03, 2017.
We also note with concern
that these actions have been
extended to other organisa-
tions; Great Lakes Institute
for Strategic Studies (GLISS),
and Uhuru Institute for Social
The Opposition Forum for Democratic Change announced that it will be holding Development. An additional 25
weekly prayers on Tuesdays over the age limit bill and are welcoming methods NGOs have been asked by the
used to block the lifting of the Presidential age limit. NGO Bureau to submit docu-
ments, some dating back as far
as three years.
These actions have been
followed with threatening
remarks from government offi-
cials including that NGOs will
be charged with treason.
These incidents have caused
great anxiety and uncertainty
among NGOs. The actions by
state agencies have specifi-
cally frustrated the operations
Sugar industry loss of jobs story
This is reference to the Mon-
itor headline story Kakira
President Yoweri Museveni has warned the Opposition against intimidating Sugar to lay off 4,000 workers
people and threatening the National Resistance Movement party who are (See Daily Monitor Wednes-
freely expressing their views on the age limit bill. day, October 18, 2017).
I submit the following clari-
fications:
 The sugar bill 2016 is
with Trade, Tourism and
Industry Committee - Par-
liament, whereby the tradi-
tional millers are trying to
use any possible avenue to
achieve zoning which has
been vehemently rejected
by the growers;
 The traditional millers are
trying to use NUPAWU to
make threats of job layoffs
with intent to arm-twist
the law makers on zoning;
 We do challenge Monitor
to ask Kakira for a break-
On Oct. 18, bullets and tear gas rocked Kasubi in Rubaga division and down of jobs that are being
forced MPs to flee the Opposition rally organised to protest the lifting of threatened, to the best of
the presidential age limit, leaving the Leader of Oposition, MP Winfred
Kizza alone questioning the whereabouts of her colleagues. our knowledge these are
mainly Cane cutters who
8 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
of Action Aid International
Uganda, and the several organ-
isations and individuals they
support, including Anti-Cor-
ruption Coalition Uganda.
With the many intelli-
gence organs in the country
it is strange that it has taken
the Uganda Police, Bank of
Uganda, Financial Intelligence
Authority etc. this long to raise
a red flag against Action Aid
had it been engaging in money
laundering related issues.
Government should not only
be comfortable with NGOs as
allies helping them to do their
work but, also be comfortable
when NGOs ask questions
relating to how government is
doing its work on behalf of all
the citizens of Uganda
Police and other state institu-
tions must not use their statu-
tory power as a veiled attack
on NGOs.
Cissy Kagaba
Anti Corruption Coalition
Uganda
subscribe to NUPAWU;
 Currently with the rains
sugarcane availability is
increasing and Kakira
is now crushing at least
6,000 tonnes daily against
installed capacity of 7,500
tones daily thus making at
least 80 percent production
capacity and not 50 percent
as reported by Monitor.
 This country is releasing
almost 400,000 graduates
annually from tertiary
institutions in search for
jobs, do you expect these
graduates to engage into
cane cutting or the media
should do proper research
so that more industries are
created that can create jobs
including taking up com-
mercial cane farming by
these graduates.
Michael Mugabira
mmugabira@gmail.com

The tragedy of self-indulgence
By Andrew M. Mwenda
The blind politics of Diane Rwigara and her allies
in the Western (and some regional) media
D
iane Rwigara has been lionised
by sections of the Western media
and its cheerleaders in our region.
She is the lady who announced
her intention to run against President Paul
Kagame in the August presidential election.
Unfortunately for Rwanda but certainly
fortunately for Rwigara, she failed to raise
the necessary signatures to become a presi-
dential candidate and instead decided to
forge them. In spite of that, sections of the
Western press begun to claim that she was
the strongest candidate against Kagame.
They even suggested that the electoral out-
come would have been different if she had
been allowed to run.
It is very hard to avoid extreme frustration
with most reporting on Rwanda, especially
when you have been close to that nations
society and politics. The combination of
extreme ignorance and overt prejudice that
informs media reports, academic studies
and international (read Western) human
rights reports in blinding. How can this
small and poor country attract this attention
far in excess of her geopolitical weight and
value? We can speculate later.
Sometimes I suspect it is because Western
world cannot accept an African success
story that is not made and defined in Paris,
Brussels, Washington and London. Rwanda
has defined herself. At every twist and
turn, it has kept a tight control over her
destiny. When it faced genocide, it ended
it by itself. When it faced a collapsed state
and economy, it pulled itself up by its own
bootstraps. It seems some feel this example
should not be allowed to hold.
It is in this context that we need to under-
stand the obsession with Ms Rwigara. She
is a daughter of Assinapole Rwigara, a Tutsi
businessman who made a fortune under the
Hutu extremist government of President
Juvenal Habyarimana. This is a govern-
ment that practiced apartheid against the
Tutsi, whom it later tried to exterminate
in the swiftest genocide in history. Appar-
ently, Habyarimana enriched a few Tutsis
businessmen, knowing that being a margin-
alised and demonised minority, they could
not threaten his power. Rwigara was one of
the beneficiaries.
Consequently, many Tutsis inside the
country and in exile suffering under the
The Last Word
yoke of this cruel government looked at
Rwigara as a traitor who had sold himself
to their tormentor for a fortune. To many
Hutus, he was an opportunist who should
not have been allowed to prosper. Thus,
when the Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF)
launched its armed struggle in 1990, Hutu
extremists sought to settle scores with him.
Realising that his position was untenable,
Rwigara fled the country and now began to
support the RPF.
To many Tutsis who knew him, he was
an opportunist who had profited from an
oppressive government; and only ran away
when his honeymoon with their tormentors
ended. To many Hutus, he was a traitor
who ran away and was using his fortune
to finance a revolution that sought to over-
throw a system that had enriched him. It
is in these circumstances that the genocide
was incubated and took place.
Inside Rwanda, every Tutsi (and many
Hutus) suffered extreme person loss. Tutsis
watched their parents, siblings, cousins,
uncles, aunties, grand parents, every
member of their immediate and extended
family being slaughtered. Some witnessed
their mothers, daughters, aunties and sisters
raped in front of them. It is impossible to
find a single Tutsi family without the scars
of this genocide, gruesome memories they
have to live with forever.
Yet since RPF ended the genocide and
took over government, it has been pro-
moting forgiveness as the foundation of
community integration, social accommoda-
tion and political reconciliation. Every Tutsi
family is asked to live in the same villages
and neighborhoods with those whom
they witnessed kill their family. Everyday,
Rwandans are called upon to forgive the
past and put the memories of the death
of their loved ones aside in order to build
a peaceful future. The idea is that people
should place the interests of national rec-
onciliation above their personal grief. Most
Rwandans are complying with this call,
hence the peaceful Rwanda we see.
Now, because Rwigara was a very rich
man, his immediate family did not suffer
the way everyone else in Rwanda did. He
had sent his children to the United States to
study in the best schools. So when the geno-
cide broke out, his immediate family his
Opinion
wife, sons and daughters were far away
from harms way. When RPF captured
power, Rwigara returned and reclaimed his
fortune. The RPF deliberately decided to
ignore his past complicity with an apartheid
system in the same spirit of national accom-
modation.
When Rwigara died in a car accident his
family claimed it is government that killed
him. They specifically accused Kagame
of being the mastermind arguing that the
accident was stage-managed. So they began
a campaign on social media Facebook and
You Tube called Justice for Rwigara.
Diane herself launched her presidential
bid on this platform of family loss, thereby
turning personal grief into a platform for a
national political campaign. Anyone outside
of Rwanda reading this may see nothing
wrong. However, to many Rwandans this
makes them cringe.
Here is a privileged family that wants
to use the loss of their dad in an accident
to begin a political movement and even
tarnish the name of the person who saved
the country from catastrophe. There is no
evidence that their fathers accident was
planned by the state, leave alone by anyone.
And all this in a context where the govern-
ment is asking so many people to forgive
those who killed their families in broad
daylight as they witnessed. But the call is
not just to forgive them. It also asks them
to live with those who killed their family in
same villages, work with them in the same
offices, attend the same schools and trade in
the same markets. Hence so many people
asked: what is special about the Rwigaras?
To many Rwandans who have to forgive,
a family that profited during both the pre
and post genocide era, which did not suffer
immediate loss because they were living
in luxury in America and now seeks to
turn one death into a national campaign
is beyond comprehension. Of course this
overt exhibition of self-indulgence may be
terrible for many families who have had to
put up with loss of so many of their family
members. But it is intolerable to those in
charge of the state, especially when Ms Rwi-
gara colludes with some hostile neighbors
to undermine Rwanda.
amwenda@independent.co.ug
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 9
Cover story

Does this
woman know
Who killed
Kaweesi?
Details of how she has
juggled Kaka,Kayihura,
Tumukunde, Museveni

By Haggai Matsiko

S
he has met President Yoweri
Museveni and the Director
General of the Internal
Security Organisation (ISO),
Col. Frank Kaka Bagyenda.
She is now being guarded
by the Special Forces Command, the
elite troops that protect the President
but she still fears for her life.
And the police insist she is a person
of interest and they want to interrogate
her in connection with the murder of
the late former Assistant Inspector
General of Police (AIGP), Andrew Felix
Kaweesi.
So who is Christine Umuhoza
Mbabazi the woman who recently, on
Oct.12, led to a near exchange of fire
between the different security agencies
at her home in Kosovo-Lungujja, a
Kampala suburb? And what does she
know about who killed Kaweesi?
An intelligence source told The
Independent that Mbabazi became a
subject of interest to security agencies
following reports that she was privy
to information about the police chiefs

10

murder.
Indeed, as the security agencies
raided different parts of the country
arresting suspects and collecting
evidence, Mbabazis home was not
spared.
Kaweesi was murdered on March
17 and in April, elements she didnt
identify raided her home, raped her
and took off with her pictures, CDs and
phones.
The Independent could not confirm
what vital information she shared with
Museveni to warrant her protection.
However, we confirmed that she has
been under the security custody of ISO.
Although Mbabazi has become a
sensation on social media because
of her recorded posts, she is quite
calculative about what she says and
does, including holding the Holy
Christian Bible close to her heart.
She appeals to emotions but offers
few revelations.
Even her relationship with Kaweesi,
as a mistress, is implied other than
affirmed by her. All one sees in the
videos is a woman of the world
whose favoured weapon is a veil of
vulnerability and guile.
Fresh details The Independent has
obtained confirm that although this
woman was introduced to President
Museveni as a person with information
about who killed Kaweesi, she appears
not to trust him.
As a result, although Museveni
reportedly ordered Kaka to keep
her under 24/7 security surveillance,
she somehow on Oct.12 managed to
call police and report that she was
kidnapped and was being kept in the
house against her will.
Ordinarily, police officers from
around her home in Lungujja and
possibly Natete police stations, who
she contacted, would have responded.
Instead it was the commander of
the police elite unit called the Flying
Squad Unit, Herbert Muhangi, who
mainly handles high profile cases at
the Nalufenya high security detention
facility which is notorious for torturing
suspects, who showed up at Mbabazis
house with a heavily armed force.
Police, ISO rivalry
The Flying Squad, which operates
under the close supervision of the
Inspector General of Police, Gen.
Kale Kayihura, has been at the centre
of the investigations in the Kaweesi
murder. However, some observers say
Muhangis arrival with full force at
Mbabazis home spoke volumes.
And it appears Kakas ISO force
of about 10 was ready for them. A
standoff ensued with police insisting
President Museveni
Felix Kaweesi,
on taking away Mbabazi and the ISO
operatives refusing to hand her over
and camp having its fingers on the
trigger. Fortunately, phone calls to
their superiors yielded a solution the
deployment of a so-called `neutral
force President Musevenis own
guard.
But in the murky intelligence world,
that story is just one of many being
narrated about the incident. Other
sources claiming to know exactly what
happened claim the face-off between
ISO and the police at Lungujja was
not about Mbabazi but about an ISO
agenta one Lt. Serwanga Juuko.
Police reportedly wanted to arrest
Juuko. This former convict, who is a
former ISO agent and one of several
that Kaka brought back to the agency
when he was appointed in January, is
said to have created tension between
the police and ISO.
In one case, the woman at the centre
of the Lungujja clash, Mbabazi, accuses
Juuuko of expressing romantic desires
of her and taking by force when he was
denied.
But the return of Juuko and other
agents by Kaka has created tensions at
ISO with officers accusing Kaka of side-
lining professional spies and bringing
back deserters and informal operators.
For instance, there reportedly was
tension at the agency several weeks ago
Cover story
when Kaka directed that a vehicle that
was being used by one of the directors
be given to Juuko.
The other issue involved an
operation that Juuko and group carried
out in one of the Kampala suburbs.
Apparently, the operation resulted
into the death an operative that was
working closely with former head of
Police Special Operations, Nickson
Agasiirwe.
The operation heightened tensions
between police and ISO. Some insiders
suspect that while police claimed it was
at Mbabazis residence to rescue her,
the real motive was to arrest Juuko.
It is not the first time Juuko is at the
centre of a fight between police and
ISO.
The Independent has secured court
records which reveal another incident.
On Dec. 26 in 1999, Lt. Serwanga
Juuko and a colleague went to Entebbe
International Airport. Their mission
was to arrest a Pakistani national called
Nasar Ahmed, a suspected terrorist.
The operatives had received
information that the suspect would
arrive at the airport that morning on a
Gulf flight from Dubai.
At the same time, the Criminal
Investigations Department (CID) of
the Uganda Police Force had received
similar intelligence that the same
Pakistani would arrive at the airport
with prohibited drugs (cocaine).
Three CID officers went to the airport
to arrest him, if they found him with
the drugs.
After protracted searches by both
the officers of ISO and CID, a bag was
found on the conveyer belt where the
suspect had deliberately left it.
Both ISO and the CID officers wanted
both the bag and the suspect.
Eventually the CID officers
succeeded in retaining the bag which
was found to contain the cocaine
while the ISO officers took away the
Pakistani.
Despite various assurances by the
ISO officers that the CID officers would
find the suspect in Kampala, however,
he disappeared and was never arrested
by the police.
The two ISO officers were arrested
and charged with two offences of abuse
of office and assisting the Pakistani to
escape punishment.
The trial Magistrate at Buganda Road
Court acquitted them on the charge of
abuse of office but convicted them on
the charge of assisting the Pakistani to
escape punishment.
He sentenced them to 6 months
imprisonment. Juuko and his colleague
appealed but the High Court upheld
the conviction and the sentence. They
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 11
Cover story
appealed the second time, lost again President Museveni was considering to western Uganda.
and were sentenced to Luzira. replace Kayihura. AIGP Kaweesi was Whoever was behind it claimed
With Kaka at the helm of ISO, Juuko seen as a potential Kayihura successor having realised that he was about
bounced back and has been at the too. to get fired, Kayihura had hatched a
centre of several operations including But early this year, Kayihuras surprise move to protect himself in case
the hunt for Kaweesis killers. contract was renewed and this ceased Museveni attempted to contain him.
Given the secrecy and rivalry to be an issue. Kayihura appeared Intelligence agents had brought
between these agencies, it is hard to to triumph against, Lt.Gen. Henry printed T-shirts and flyers, which
tell who is telling the truth. But the Tumukunde, who had after the 2016 they claimed Kayihura was to use to
inconsistences surrounding the whole elections been appointed Security announce his presidency. Museveni
saga is further exposing the bodies Minister and had been fighting to see had been severally warned that in 11
involved. Kayihura booted out of police. million crime preventers (Kayihuras
Initially, Tumukunde and Balya got figures), he had handed the police chief
Musevenis mistrust along well. However, later, the two the most effective campaign machine.
An insider told The Independent that fell out because Tumukunde always Special Forces Command was put on
the deployment of Special Forces, wanted Balya to supply him with standby and deployed. Other covert
which protects President Museveni, key intelligence before sending it to intelligence organisations like ISO
to protect Mbabazi was revealing how President Yoweri Museveni, sources had already deployed at the alleged
valuable she is to the President but also said. venue, sources claim. Then all of a
how distrustful of the two entities the Balya had declined to do this because sudden, before SFC soldiers could take
President is. he also always wanted to deliver the positions, they were recalled. The event
Indeed, Mbabazi has openly accused same himself. With Balya out, however, was a hoax.
ISO agents including their boss, Tumukunde got a better replacement The following month, ISO released
Col. Kaka of harassing and framing in Col. Kaka Bagyenda, an old hand in an even more lethal report implicating
her. She claims that Kaka produced intelligence and an ally. officials at the Central Bank, former
a handcuffed informer while in a Kaka is seen as a recruit of the Minister Jim Muhwezi, Secretary
meeting with her who accused her Presidents brother Salim Saleh, who to the Treasury Keith Muhakanizi
of being party to a scheme by senior is also said to have been responsible and businessman Bob Kabonero in
police officers to murder Kayihura. for the rehabilitation and eventual a scheme to defraud government of
Since Kaweesi was murdered, one re-appointment of Tumukunde. millions of dollars.
of the theories that has been floated But just as had been feared, Kakas This prompted Museveni to call a
around, among several others, is that reports started targeting Tumukundes meeting on April 5, at 03:45 at State
he was likely murdered by some senior foes with Kayihura at the top of the list. House Entebbe. In attendance was
police officers. For instance, in March this year, Bank of Uganda Governor Tumusiime
The clash at Mbabazis home is being President Museveni and his handlers Mutebile, Inspector General of
seen as a climax of tensions between received intelligence that the police Government Irene Mulyagonja and
the two bodies, which have simmered chief was scheduled to announce a ISOs Bagyenda Kaka.
for years, but appeared to get out of presidential bid at a hotel in Mbarara, According to the minutes of
control since investigations into the
murder of AIGP Kaweesi begun early
this year.
Following the murder, Inspector
General of Police, Gen. Kale Kayihura
directed Grace Akullo, the Assistant
Inspector General of Police (AIGP) to
head the investigations.
Akullo, police said, would coordinate
with other security agencies; namely
ISO, Special Forces Command and the
Chieftaincy of Military Intelligence
(CMI).
But almost instantly, each agency
started working separately as was
expected because of the interagency
rivalry that has often been cited as the
biggest impediment to cooperation
amongst Ugandan security agencies.
Initially, the biggest fear was the
animosity amongst the heads of the
bodies. Gen. Kayihura and even
Kaweesi who had just been murdered
had been key subjects of ISO reports.
At the time, the Director General of
ISO was Col. Ronnie Balya. The police
bosses accused Balya of fighting them
because he targeted their jobs.
Col. Balya was at the height of
2016 rumoured to be amongst those Investigators at the scene of Kaweesi's murder on Mar. 17 FILE PHOTO

12 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017


the meeting a copy of which The
Independent has seen, the President
informed the officials that money had
been stolen from the central bank.
The alleged theft, he said, happened
through two transfers. The first
transfer was of US$20million from the
GAVI Fund account. The second was
of US$18million from the Works in
Progress suspense account.
After making this presentation,
the President told the meeting that
the details of the transfers would be
got from a report by the ISO Director
General.
He asked the Governor to investigate
the transfers and report back on Friday,
April 7 two days later.
The governor and his team were
given the statement of the account
held by Pine-Herst Holdings
(CS_0118900784215) at the CIMB Bank
in Malaysia, showing an inflow of the
alleged amount that was transferred from
Bank of Uganda.
He was also given the executive
Summary of a report titled Role of Rogue
Elements in Security and Ministry of
Finance in Cyber and Economic Fraud.
The report indicated that government
bodies, and financial institutes in Uganda
have been plagued by a vice, cyber-crime.
It added that individuals with
in government had discovered the
possibility of manipulating systems
through the facilitation of ICT
professionals known as hackers to
perform fraud.
kaka Bagyenda Kale Kayihura
An agent who was part of the schemes
noted that in the last few months, he had
been involved in; transfer of money from
my employer to a foreign bank in china,
a total of $38million from finance IFMS
through instruction of Keith Muhakanizi.
Away from the transfer, the hacker
noted that he was also involved in
transportation of huge amounts of money
around the country for Bob Kabanero and
Jim Muhwezi, whom he both met through
Muhakanizi.
After reading this report, President
Museveni is said to have met the agent
responsible. He asked him about the
money transfers. Apparently, the agent
told the President that he had dropped
$1.5million in Mbarara, $1million in
Masaka and another $1.5million in Mbale
to coordinate rebel activity.
When the President probed further,
the agent said he had given the money to
someone at Agip Motel in Mbarara. Agip
is owned by Jim Muhwezi. But it seemed
suspicious that an agent would just hand
$ 1.5million to someone they didnt know
just like that.
Meanwhile, Governor Mutebiles
findings also arrived on April 7 as the
president had asked.
We have analysed the respective
accounts and have not found any
transactions for USD20million for GAVI
Funds and USD 18million for Works in
Progress account, Mutebiles report, a
copy of which The Independent has seen
reads in part.
The Independent spoke to Muhwezi,
Kabonero and Muhakanizi who all
dismissed the contents of the report as
false.
Tumukunde versus Kayihura
Away from ISO, police has been
trying to implicate Tumukunde. One
of the suspects arrested by police in
connection with the Kaweesi murder
who has since been released. 55-year
old Godfrey Musisi, his 42-year-old wife
Cover story
Henry Tumukunde
Nankya Grace, and their three tenants,
had on March 23 been arrested from their
residence in Namugongo.
To break him, Musisi was severally
tortured. On the third day of his arrest,
he said, an officer he identified as Abbas
Waswa took him to a room, threw
something there and left. Instantly, he
said, tears were coming from my eyes
and mucus from my nose endlessly. The
room was not ventilated. He could feel his
lungs burning.
They asked him to confess that Security
Minister Henry Tumukunde approached
him to kill Kaweesi and the IGP Kayihura.
Apparently, when he refused,
Tumukunde asked him to procure
assassins and he gave him the contact
of Abdu Nuru in Busia and gave him
Shs100m to keep quiet.
To get him to agree to confess these
things, an officer said on the Kaweesi
investigation alone, there was Shs3 billion.
He could be given Shs1 billion.
What is your account, they can first
put Shs500 million, we be eating that
one, the officer said.
Herbert Muhangi, the commandant,
police Flying Squad, also urged him to
testify against that man.
In the last attempt to break him, an
officer yanked his neck and dipped his
head into a drum full of water.
By the time I got out of the water,
Musisi said, I was gasping for breath.
I had no sense of life at all.
The last officer to get him to talk was
a one Minaana. Why dont you accept
and get released? He asked him. After
that, they never returned.
Musisi later secured bail with the
assistance of human rights lawyer,
Laudislaus Rwakafuzi. But his
revelations showed the dark side of
the animosity between the Security
Minister and the Police Chief. Insiders
see the Oct.12 clash as the extension
of that fight, which they see as a major
security threat.
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 13
NEWS ANALYSIS

Students at UMCAT School of Journalism undergoing training in news anchoring on Oct. 20. UMCAT is one of the partners of DW Akademie. INDEPENDENT / IAN KATUSIIME

DW Akademies media mission

Organisation focuses on training of journalists
amidst shrinking media freedoms
By Ian Katusiime opmental processes. news agency and journalist training centre,

A
leafy compound on John Babiiha
Avenue in Kololo, Kampala, has
become home to a number of Ger-
man organisations in Uganda,
including known ones like KfW under
their trademark German Cooperation and
newer ones like DW Akademie.
Although it is just one office on the sec-
ond floor of the building, Miriam Ohlsen,
the Country Representative of DW Akad-
emie says it is gearing up for lots of work in
Uganda.
DW Akademie has big goals, including
training journalists to improve their work.
The organization plans to work with Ugan-
dan media organisations to improve access
to information and help young people
actively participate in democratic and devel-
When we look at the media industry
we look at the important factors that matter
politically, socially, economically because
its embedded into a system, Ohlsen tells
The Independent.
We have a much broader approach,
where we think there should be a civil soci-
ety who need to have media literacy skills
in order to demand for certain information
and quality, and the legal and regulatory
side and education for the training of the
journalists, she says.
DW Akademie is teaming up with the
Centre for Media Literacy and Community
Development (CEMCOD) which advocates
for freedom of speech and effective citizen
participation, Hub for Investigative Media
(an outfit that trains investigative journal-
ists), and Uganda Radio Network (URN) a
and Media Challenge Initiative (MCI).
It also has universities on board; includ-
ing the Uganda Christian University,
Islamic University in Uganda, and UMCAT
School of Journalism and Mass Communi-
cation.
Although DW has been running media
related projects in Uganda since 2014, this is
the first time it is opening an office in Kam-
pala. Funded by the German Ministry for
Cooperation and Development, it comes at
a time of increasing clampdown on media
freedom by a combined force of the Police
and the Uganda Communication Commis-
sion. Recently, incidents include UCCs ban-
ning of live coverage of parliamentary ses-
sions to hide a brawl between MPs over the
controversial age-limit aimed to make Presi-
dent Yoweri Museveni stay in power longer.

14 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017


The UCC claims live coverage would incite
violence among the public.
Youth in media
DW plans to engage the youth more
in media and community participation
because it believes the youth demographic
is critical.
80% of the Ugandan population is
below 30, and we thought there were gaps
in terms of what the media provides for
them, says Ohlsen, We felt they did not
have where to share their concerns and also
their participation seems low.
According to her, when DW did a survey
in 2015 of around 600 youth based in Mbale,
Lira and Kampala, it found that most youth
were interested in mostly entertainment,
followed by topics like health and agricul-
ture but responses to do with politics were
few and far between. The youth were asked
questions like what kind of media do you
have access to? What kind of media do you
use? What information do you look for?
What information do you want the media
to give you?
Armed with the findings of the survey,
DW decided to focus on radio since it is the
medium that reaches most youth, is easily
interactive, and enables as many people as
possible to express themselves. With URN
and CEMCOD, DW has established a net-
work of 250 citizen and community report-
ers who with their mobile phones are able
to report for upcountry radios on toll free
lines. URN and CEMCOD implement the
concepts they work on with DW.
DW also says university media students
back home in Germany get more practice
than their Ugandan counterparts and want
to change that. Ohlsen says DWs hope is
that the community participation will equip
Ugandan media students with more train-
ing before they actively join the profession.
We have done trainings on digital safety
and security, when journalists become vic-
tims of political pressure, Ohlsen says. She
mentions apps like the Panic button created
by Amnesty International where different
texts go out for physical safety.
Mentorship
DW on Oct. 20 held a workshop in Naku-
labye, near Makerere University in Kam-
pala for people it calls mentors. These are
practicising journalists working for radio
stations and work with and groom the com-
munity reporters.
Prossy Kawala, Director of Media Initia-
tives at CEMOCD told The Independent that
through its partnership with DW, CEM-
COD trains community reporters on jour-
nalism basics.
At the Nakulabye workshop, the men-
tors discussed the concept of community
reporting, the role of mentors, and the
challenges they face. These mentors are
the professionals and some of the young
Miriam Ohlsen INDEPENDENT / IAN KATUSIIME
All these
decision
makers
sitting there,
discussing
the findings
of the
community
reporters
people we are working with as community
reporters are semi-illiterate who have not
even done any journalism courses but we
are involving them to do what mainstream
media is doing, Kawala explains.
She says CEMCOD emphasizes service
delivery in the training and the young
reporters are encouraged to find solutions
for the problems in their own communities.
Kawala says CEMCOD also partners with
different radio stations to hold community
interface meetings.
Ohlsen also described such a session that
she participated in recently in Bugembe in
Jinja, eastern Uganda.
There was the mayor, the police and
prisons representatives, and some from the
ministry of education, she said, all these
decision makers sitting there, discussing the
findings of the community reporters.
NEWS ANALYSIS
One of the mentors described how gov-
ernment officials, mainly Resident District
Commissioners (RDCs) like to issue orders
banning discussions on radio of contentious
political issues, including the Land Amend-
ment Bill.
He says the situation is complicated
since most radio owners tend to be politi-
cians who push their agendas through the
media they own. Other challenges they cite
faced by the rookie reporters include lack of
access to information to information regard-
ing sexuality and reproductive health and
ignorance of their rights as journalists to, for
example, access public offices for informa-
tion or make general inquiries.
On the same day, DW also held a training
of students at the nearby UMCAT School
of Journalism in Mengo. Two second year
students at the school; Charity Nayebare
and Joan Mukoda could not hide their
excitement about a radio training they have
recently completed.
They taught us live anchoring and how
to do features and VOX pops, one of them
explained.
Inside one of the classrooms at UMCAT,
another training partnered with DW Akad-
emie is ongoing for television anchors.
They were also trained on how to use radio
software, conduct interviews, and how to
address studio guests. For the radio ses-
sions, DW flies in a longtime radio producer
who works with DW TV in Germany to
come in in once a while to conduct the train-
ings alongside a Ugandan colleague.
Declining freedom
DW Akademie is training journalists at
a time when the general situation of media
freedom in the country remains dire. In
2017, Uganda dropped 10 places from 102
to 112 out of 180 countries, according to
the World Press Freedom Index released
in May. Attacks on journalists that shot
up before and after the 2016 presidential
election were the main cause. The election
period saw increased threats to close down
media outlets, Internet cuts, and verbal and
physical attacks on reporters, especially
those covering the opposition politicians.
Acts of intimidation and violence against
journalists are an almost daily occurrence in
Uganda, said Reporters Without Borders
(RWB) which publishes the survey.
It added that many journalists who
do not toe the government line have been
suspended, stripped of their equipment, or
badly beaten by ruling party members or
security agents.
Edward Sekyewa of Hub for
Investigative Media, one of the partners
of DW Akademie, says the organisations
helps journalists navigate the existing
legislation as they do their work but added
that how journalists ultimately do their
work is upon them.
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 15
NEWS ANALYSIS

Age limit exam for all MPs

By Shak Amo Martin

AGE LIMIT NATIONAL EXAMINATION BOARD (ALNEB)

End of Year 2017 Proponents and Opponents Examinations.
Subject: The 1995 Uganda Constitution- 2016 revised edition (Paper I)
Duration- 30 Days.
Instructions:-
(i) Answer only five Questions. Question 13 is compulsory and carries 40 Marks.
(ii) Nobody is allowed to enter the examination room with a pistol, fist, microphone stand, flag post
or when hungry or Angry.
(iii) All Ugandans of 18 years of age and above are eligible to sit for this exam.
NOTE: It is A MUST SIT paper for all MPs
By using the PEPABRAIN formula (Pen, Paper and Brain), answer the following questions correctly.

1). (a) Article 1(1) of the 1995 Uganda
Constitution states that All power belongs
to the people who shall exercise
their sovereignty in accordance with this
constitution. Who are the people?
(b) Why do all politicians both NRM and
opposition shorten article 1(1) above to read
All power belongs to the people?
2). (a) Was Article 258 of the 1995 Uganda
Constitution made by delegates in 1995 or
by representatives after 1995?
(b) Why does parliament Waste its time
and money referring its Bills to the relevant
committee(s) when article 258 (b) states that
No Act passed or purported to have been
passed by parliament at any time after the
commencement of this constitution shall be
taken to be Invalid by reason of the fact that
the bill for the Act was not discussed and
recommendations made on it to parliament
by a standing committee.
3). The 1995 Uganda Constitution was
good in 1995, became bad in 2005, turned
good in 2006 and has become bad in 2017.
Discuss.
4). (a) If todays minority in parliament
become tomorrows majority, should
Ugandans allow them to de-amend
ARTICLE 102(b)? Yes, No.
(b) If No in (a) above, is todays majority
different from tomorrows majority?
(c) If Yes in (a) above, is constitutionalism
a game of amending, de-amending, and
re-amending constitutions?
5). If the 1995 Uganda constitution cries,
who is supposed to help?
(a) The people.
(b) People
(c) The majority
(d) The minority.
6) (a) Why do you think it is wrong for a
constitution that was made by delegates to
be amended by representatives?
(b) Why does the entire current parliament
fear putting a provision in our constitution
that allows the recalling of MPs by their
electorates?
7). What is the meaning of the phrase legal
opportunism?
(a) A deliberate manipulation of the existing
legal frame work for purposes they were not
meant for.
(b) The spirit of patriotism backed by Vision
and the existing legal frame work aimed at
strengthening democracy.
(c) It is a situation where the existing legal
frame work is an obstacle thereby tempting
some corrupt people to find ways of by-
passing it without formally breaking the law.
8) What is your take on legislating (making
laws) against or in favour of one person?
(a) It is legal
(b) It is illegal
(c) It is moral
(d) It is immoral
9). What do you think matters most in a
situation where there are proponents and
opponents on a given issue?
(a) Numbers
(b) Brains
(c) Short term and long term advantages
and disadvantages of a given issue to
society.
10). Why were the words parliament May
Amend in article 259 used Instead of
Parliament shall amend or Parliament
Must amend
(a) May amend has another option of may
not amend.
(b) May means do not amend for the sake
of amending.
(c) None of these.
11). Part of the preamble of the 1995
Uganda Constitution states that we the
people of
Uganda recalling our history which has been
characterised by constitutional instability,
do give ourselves and posterity, this
constitution of the Republlc of Uganda, this
22nd day of September, 1995.
(a) Which constitutional instability was the
preamble referring to?
(b) Which Ugandans was the preamble
referring to as ourselves and our
posterity?
12). Can some one claim constitutional
discrimination going by the fact that the
Uganda Police force and the Uganda Prison
services do not have representatives in
parliament?
13). (a) What can Uganda lose politically,
economically, and socially if the amendment
of Article 102 is postponed to 2022?
(b) What wrong has article 102(b) done
to Uganda since 1995 that warrants its
amendment now?

16 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017


(c) How many petitions from Ugandans
aged 75years and above and from those
aged 35 years and below did the office of
the Speaker or the Office of the Honourable
Raphael Magyezi receive complaining of
discrimination by Article 102 (b)?
(d) Is it true that the Supreme Court advised
parliament to amend Article 102(b) before
May 2018?
14). If the major reason behind the
amendment of Article 102 (b) is
discrimination, why are Ugandans of
thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen and
seventeen years of age discriminated
against when its comes to voting and being
voted and yet they belong to the same
category of teenagers as Ugandans of
eighteen years of age?
15) (a) If a thirteen year old P.7 pupil is
allowed to participate in a national exam
under UNEB, Why does the constitution
prohibit the same pupil from participating in
a national election?
(b) Which of the two is more difficult for a
thirteen year old; sitting for PLE or correctly
ticking and putting a ballot paper in a ballot
box?
16) (a) Why does the current constitution
allow only Ugandans by Birth to stand for
Presidency?
(b) Can Ugandans by registration and
naturalisation claim discrimination, under
Some Ugandans are not Ugandans?
17). Why are traditional and cultural leaders
discriminated against when it comes to
active participation in politics and yet Article
21 of the constitution states that All persons
are equal before and under the law in all
spheres of political, economic, social and
cultural life and in every other respect and
shall enjoy equal protection of the law.
18). If it is true power belongs to the people,
why does the 1995 constitution discriminate
millions of Ugandans who do not have
S.6 Certificate against standing for LC5,
parliament, and for presidency and yet the
same people are allowed to vote at all levels
and pay taxes?
19). Article 4 of the 1995 constitution
Life is at its sweetest when we listen to each other and do everything cautiously, in
love and in peace. Speed kills - (AMO MARTIN -1991)
states that the state shall promote
public awareness of this constitution by
translating it into Ugandan languages and
disseminating it as widely as possible Why
has the state not done this?
(a) We do not have the majority in
parliament.
(b) The majority in parliament do not want
Ugandans to understand the constitution.
(c) None of these.
20). If a given President of Uganda can
perfectly manage the complex affairs of
the whole country at the age of 100 years,
why does the same constitution force civil
servants who have less complex work to
retire at the age of 60 years.
21). Articles of a given national constitution
are like parts of a human body where some
parts are very essential e.g. the heart and
the liver, while others are not very essential
e.g. finger nails and hair. True or false?
22) If you want to amend any given law
what do you look at first?
(a) Letter of the law
(b) Spirit ofthe law
(c) Mischiefs of the law.
(d) All the above three.
23) Does the amendment of Article l02(b)
fall under the rule of law or rule by law?
24) How do you rank the CA delegates who
put article 102(b) in the 1995 constitution?
(a) Very intelligent and visionary.
(b) Patriotic but short sighted.
25) If it is true that politics is a dirty game,
why do many people struggle daily to join it.
(a) Just like gold, the dirt is on the surface,
not inside.
(b) The dirt is with individual political players
not politics itself.
(c) Those inside politics use the phrase
dirty game to scare those outside from
joining.
26). Which of the three 2017 independence
gifts below would be the best gift from
Parliament to Ugandans of 75 Years of age
and above and those below 35 years of age.
(a) Amend Article 102 (b) to allow them also
End.
Email: amomartin65@gmail.com
NEWS ANALYSIS
become presidents of Uganda.
(b) Increase the monthly pay under the
SAGE Program to UGX 100,000 and ensure
that all older persons in all districts get this
money.
(c) Ensure that more youths get access to
YLP,YVCF and Education loans.
(d) b and c
27). If Article 102 (b) is amended and going
by the fact that NRM MPs are campaigning
for young people to take up political offices
in 2021, we are likely to have a president
of 18 years of age, about 222 district
Chairpersons of 18 years of age and about
459 MPs of 18 years of age in 2021. Going
by this trend we are likely not to see our
current patriotic NRM MPs in parliament in
2021. True or False?
28) At times not everything legal is right for
a given society. True or False?
29) It is evident now that our current
constitution is full of discrimination. What
would be the best way forward?
(a) Amend all Articles and entrench them.
(b) Amend all Articles and weaken them.
(c) Ugandans must write a totally new
constitution.
(d) The discriminations in the current
constitution are fair and must be left intact.
30 Generally any given law is supposed
to be blind, but when you look critically at
the proposed amendment of Article 102
(b), you see a blind law throwing away its
white stick, slowly and carefully opening its
eyes, smiling and whispering to a certain
Ugandan. True or False?
31) What is meant by raping the 1995
Uganda Constitution?
(a) Amending some Articles of the
Constitution e.g. the term and age limit that
are virgin without giving them the chance to
be tested.
(b) Abrogating the 1995 Constitution.
32) Who of the four below do you think is
most likely to win the final match?
(a) Rules of procedure of parliament
(b) Will of the people
(c) The unknown soldiers
(d) Sergeant at Arms.
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 17
NEWS ANALYSIS
Andrew S. Kaggwa
D
ays after parliament
quietly passed the
National Biotechnol-
ogy and Biosafety Bill,
widely known as the GMO
Bill, in early October, Meg
Hilbert Jaquay, the Manag-
ing Director of Jakana Foods
Limited, remains sad. Her com-
pany exports 30 metric tonnes
of organic dried fruits to U.S.,
Europe, Asia, and across Africa
every year.
But, she says, all this is now
under threat as Uganda will
become less competitive for the
fastest growing food market
segment in U.S. and Europe.
GMO products are not
allowed under either the
Organic Standard or Fair Trade
standards, Meg told The Inde-
pendent, The rest of the world
is moving away from this old
technology, and instead of
Uganda looking to the future it
is still in catch-up mode.
Meg says because of govern-
ments failure to recognise the
organic sector, Uganda which
was second in the world has
now dropped to fourth, and
it may drop further unless the
government agrees to pass the
Organic Policy to protect the
sector.
Andrew Ndawula Kalema
who is a certified organic farm-
er in Nakaseke District says the
passing of the Bill is a blow to
organic farmers.
Uganda is one of the coun-
tries which have been having
a comparative advantage of
exporting organic products
but with passing of the Bill we
have now lost this advantage,
Kalema says.
He says the passing of the
Bill was possible not because
of its merits and how much its
going to benefit the country but
because of the huge financial
muscle of the multinational
GMO seed companies behind it
and who will be the main ben-
eficiaries not Ugandans.
Patrick Luganda, the Execu-
tive Director of Media link, an
organisation which links farm-
ers with the media and trains
climate journalists said the way
the Bill was passed is suspect.
That was like smuggling the
Bill. Why pass it at such a time
when members are charged
18 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
Tears and
cheers over
new GMO law
over the age limit debate. And
what a coincidence that simi-
lar laws are being pushed in
Malawi, Kenya, and Ghana,
Luganda said.
Luganda further explained
that in Malawi the government
has even made it illegal to
plant indigenous varieties and
farmers have to plant only the
GMO seeds which are expen-
sive.
Luganda was describing how
the Bill was passed on Oct. 04,
at a time when all attention was
on the so-called `age-limit Bill.
One side of parliament, which
is supposed to be occupied
by the opposition, was empty
as many of them had been
expelled and the others were
boycotting sittings in solidar-
ity. Thomas Tayebwa (Ruhindi
North) wanted the Bills pass-
ing delayed until the opposition
members returned but he was
overruled.
President Yoweri Musevenis
earlier utterances backing the
Bill appear to have swayed the
decision.
Scientists excited, CSOs to
sue
Muuseveni said the GMO
law is to help the country
resolve some of the problems
the agriculture sector is facing.
He is now expected to sign it
into law as soon as it gets to his
table.
The passing of the Bill sent
the pro-GMO scientists into
celebration.
The list of the 135 stake-
holders whom the Parliamen-
tary Committee on Science
and Technology, chaired by
Nakifuma County MP, Eng.
Robert Kafeero Ssekitoleko,
interacted with to craft the law
reads like the Who-is-Who list
of Ugandas scientists; from
government departments like
NARO, UNSCT, Uganda Virus
Research Institute, National
Drug Authority, Uganda
National Bureau of Standards,
universities and others.
But, although three farm-
ers are on the list, the Uganda
National Farmers Federation
(UNFF), a body which claims
to be an umbrella body of all
farmers associations in the
country, is conspicuously miss-
ing. Its Executive Secretary,
Augustine Mwendya, had ear-
lier told The Independent that he
backs the Bill.
Dr. Godfrey Asea, the direc-
tor of National Crops Resources
Research Institute (NACRRI),
one of the research institutes
under NARO in Namulonge in
Wakiso district congratulated
Parliament for passing the Bill.
We now have a framework
to conduct environment release
and research outside the insti-
tutes, he said.
Erastus Nsubuga, the chair-
person of the Uganda Biotech-
nology and Biosafety Consor-
tium, called the law a great

achievement that will help scientists work
within the country.
CSOs threaten court action
But Ellady Muyambi, an environmental
scientist with the nonprofit Uganda Net-
work on Toxic Free Malaria; one of the
civil society organisations which had been
fighting the Bill, accuses the scientists at
National Research Organisation (NARO) of
being bankrolled by global seed companies
who want to dominate the market and who
sponsor their research and study abroad.
We are definitely going to court to
quash the Bill, he told The Independent, We
should already have gone to court after
Parliament passed the Bill but our lawyers
advised us that we cant until the President
assents to the Bill and it becomes law.
Muyambi says the MPs passed a law
they dont understand and dont know the
implications of.
The Civil Society Organisations (CSOs)
say the Bill is merely a legal regulatory
regime to allow in GMOs without safe-
guards and they pointed out gaps in the Bill
that needed to be blocked to improve it.
But according to a statement by the Min-
ister for Science, Technology and Innova-
tion, Dr. Elioda Tumwesigye, many of these
were rejected.
With threats to have issues of this recent-
ly passed Bill taken to court, it looks like the
five year running battle between pro GMO
and opponents is not about to end.
If, as expected, the National Biotechnol-
ogy and Biosafety Bill becomes law, it will
clear the way for use of biotechnology to
modify animals and plants in Uganda or
import similarly treated products.
Normally, the argument has been, the
purpose will be positive; to improve yields,
breeds, and purpose. The biosafety element
of the law means the development, transfer,
application, and application of plants and
animals will be done in a safe manner.
Foreign influence?
But the controversy which has followed
the Bill since it was first tabled on February
05, 2013 followed it to the Committee on
Science and Technology which considered
it and two of the 33-member committee
disagreed with the majority and authored a
minority report. They complained that there
was limited consultation on the Bill, it was
prepared without regard to impact on the
country, and focused only on agricultural
biotechnology, and had external influence
in its preparation.
Ssekitoleko, laboured to respond to alle-
gations of foreign sponsorship of the Bill,
especially on foreign trips. The Committee
report names six countries including Kenya,
South Africa, India, Brazil, Argentina and
US which members of his committee visited
for benchmarking studies on biotechnology.
Ssekitoleko says only the Brazil trip got
money from the Uganda National Council
for Science and Technology (UNCST) for
part of the expense.
Still, UNCST was in the end denied the
regulatory mandate for the biotechnology
sector.
Ssekitoleko was also quizzed on why his
committee visited only GMO `success sto-
ries and not Burkina Faso where GM cot-
ton backfired. He said Burkina Faso never
came up during the Committee discussions.
According to its framers, the Bill is
intended to be a regulatory framework
that facilitates the safe development and
application of biotechnology in Uganda.
But opponents of the Bill claim genetically
modified foods are harmful to humans and
that they are used by big agribusiness firms
to control global seed markets and farmers
around the world.
The Bill faced opposition from MP out-
side the committee also.
Gen. Pecos Kutesa (UPDF) warned that
the Bill is a threat not only in Uganda, but
Andrew Ndawula Kalema Patrick Luganda
the rest of Africa, because, he said, one
who creates seeds can create artificial
seeds. Thomas Tayebwa (Ruhindi North)
said the Bill was sponsored by foreign agen-
cies.
The European Union whose market
we are targeting is totally against the pro-
duction of genetically modified products
in favour of organic products. The GMO
industry, which we are trying to invest in,
is going down and Ugandans are going to
lose out. Tayebwa is reported to have said.
Muyambi said Ugandas agricultural
problem was political and not absence of
a law to promote GMOs as the pro GMO
lobby argued.
The agricultural sector is underfunded
and President Museveni says he putting the
money on building roads. Even with the
GMO law in place the agricultural sector
will never be redeemed under this govern-
ment which has failed to prioritise agricul-
ture, Muyambi says.
He says Musevenis government side-
lines technocrats and instead hands the
agricultural sector to the army and cites
NEWS ANALYSIS
Operation Wealth Creation (OWC), a proj-
ect under President Musevenis brother;
Gen. Caleb Akandwanaho aka Salim Saleh,
where billions of shillings have been invest-
ed to alleviate poverty through agriculture.
On the argument of scientists developing
genetically modified drought resistant vari-
eties like NAROs Water Efficient Maize for
Africa (WEMA) project in Kasese, Muyambi
asked why they do the field trials in Kas-
ese where there is water for irrigation and
not in Karamoja which is dry to prove the
drought resistance of their maize.
Muyambi says the MPs passed a law
they dont understand and dont know the
implications of. He cited other examples;
including the Plant Varieties Act and Geo-
graphical Indications Act.
Can you imagine the Geographical
Indications Act stipulates that if one, for
instance develops a variety of irish potatoes
to be grown in Kabale he or she can patent
it and it wouldnt be grown in any other
part of the country without the owner of the
patent being paid? he said.
Muyambi also says apart from the Bill
being unconstitutional the timing of the
passing of the Bill was not proper as mem-
bers of Parliament were heated up by the
age limit debate.
But Dr. Barbara Zawedde, the co-ordina-
tor of the Uganda Biosciences Information
Centre (NARO information hub) reportedly
said Uganda has capacity to regulate bio-
technology.
We can now also choose what we want
to use in modern biotechnology in agricul-
ture, medicine, environment management,
and medicine, she said.
Some Contentious Articles in GMO Bill
 Labeling and identification of GMO
materials in the market and in use in
Uganda is complicated because much
as it is very easy for a supermarket to
label mangoes or any fruits its selling,
a woman selling a basket of mangoes
on her head will most likely not put a
label on the basket that they are a GMO
product.
 The National Gene Bank in which
all genetic material, indigenous, or
otherwise required shall be kept and
preserved should be an independent
authority and not under NARO which
promotes GMOs.
 CSOs and other stakeholders want
declaration of GMO free areas so as to
prevent pollution on indigenous variet-
ies by GMOs.
 Lack of public participation and aware-
ness of the Bill.
 Penalties and offences of GMOs rules
are laughable and big multinational
companies will breach and pay.
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 19
Rwanda

Kagame honoured
for great tourism
By Independent Team ing its 20th Anniversary. It is co-sponsored the tourism sector.

R
wanda President Paul Kagame
is to be honored with The World
Tourism Award 2017 for Visionary
Leadership.
He will be awarded the honour on Nov.
06 on the opening day of World Travel Mar-
ket London, at the Excel Center in London.
This year, the annual
World Tourism
Awards ceremony
will be celebrat-
by Corinthia Hotels, The New York Times,
and Reed Travel Exhibitions.
Peter Greenberg, CBS News Travel Edi-
tor and world-renowned travel expert, will
host the Award presentation.
The World Tourism Awards recognise
individuals, companies, organisations,
destinations and attractions for outstanding
initiatives related to the travel and tourism
industry, and in fostering sustainable tour-
ism and developing programs that give
back to local communities. They are
organised by The Bradford Group on
behalf of the sponsors.
According to a statement, Kagame
is being honoured for his visionary
leadership through a policy of recon-
ciliation, sustainable tourism, wildlife
conservation, and economic develop-
ment attracting major hotel invest-
ment, resulting in the remarkable
turnaround that has led to Rwan-
das rise as one of the leading tour-
ism destinations in Africa today.
Tourism, which is Rwandas
number one foreign exchange earner,
has played a crucial role in the countrys
development. Revenue from tourism has
doubled from US$$200 million in 2010 to
US$404 million in 2016 indicating an annual
average increase of 10%, surpassing the
National Export Strategy II target in
2016 by 13%.
Over 1.3 million tourists vis-
ited Rwanda in 2016. Visitor
arrivals for the same period
(2010-2016) have increased
by 12% annually against a
backdrop of UNWTO arriv-
als in global emerging mar-
kets bench-marked at 3.3%
for the same period. The
tourism sector in Rwanda
is expected to grow at 15%
per annum.
As a preferred invest-
ment destination, Rwanda
has instituted several initia-
tives to ensure a conducive
environment for business.
To date, Rwanda is consid-
ered as the 2nd competitive
destination for business in
Africa according the 2017
WEF Global Competitive-
ness Report, and this has
encouraged even more
foreign investment in
Prioritising infrastructure development
within the travel and tourism sector with
over $ 1 Billion USD invested into sig-
nificant contributors such as RwandAir,
enabling it to expand its routes globally to
23 destinations as well as increase its airlift
capacity with two new A330 Airbus aircraft.
The next major development in this sector is
the commencement of the new international
Bugesera Airport.
The construction of Kigali Convention
Center now positions Rwanda as an interna-
tional conference and meetings destination.
The addition of over 1,600 international
brands four and five star lodge and hotel
rooms, including Marriott, Radisson Blu,
Bisate by Wilderness Safaris and One &
Only Nyungwe House, Ubumwe Grande
that has been acquired by Double Tree by
Hilton has resulted in the creation of over
90,000 jobs in the overall hospitality indus-
try.
Sustainability is critical to a sound tour-
ism policy and Rwanda has ensured that
10% of all tourism revenue is given back to
the communities surrounding the countrys
four national parks. This money is used to
fund local priority projects such as schools,
health centers and business that promote
sustainability benefiting thousands of
Rwandans.
Rwandas Conservation efforts have
made a major impact on the growth of the
world-renowned mountain gorilla popula-
tion by 26.3% since the last census in 2010.
The Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda is
now home to 305 mountain gorillas which
accounts for more than half the population
in the Virunga Massif.
Other conservation milestones in Rwanda
took place in the Akagera National Park,
where fencing of the park led to a reduction
in human-wildlife conflict. Also in Akagera,
there was the recent reintroduction of lions
and rhinos. There is also a marked reduc-
tion in poaching throughout the country,
for example in 2013, more than 2000 snares
were collected from the park whereas in
2017, only 1 snare was collected. Similarly,
in 2017, no arrests were made compared to
back in 2013 when more than 200 poachers
arrests were made.
Another major conservation achievement
was the proclamation of Gishwati Mukura
National Park bringing the total number of
national parks to four with 9% of land now
managed as protected national parks.

20 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017


By Stephen Weizman
T
ens of thousands of Africans who
fled misery at home for safety in
Israel are living in limbo, fearing
deportation though some have lived
in the country for more than a decade.
Recognising a rising tide of discontent
among Israelis over the migrants presence
in south Tel Aviv, Prime Minister Benjamin
Netanyahu recently visited the area.
He posed for TV cameras with an elderly
woman who said she was afraid to leave
her apartment at night for fear of her Afri-
can neighbours.
We will return south Tel Aviv to the
citizens of Israel, Netanyahu pledged, add-
ing that the Africans were not refugees but
illegal infiltrators.
Adi Drori-Avraham, of the Aid Organ-
isation for Refugees and Asylum Seekers
in Israel (ASSAF), says that although they
originally crossed the border irregularly,
they have since been issued short-term
residence visas. Theyre not illegal because
they go every two months and they get a
visa from the ministry of the interior, she
said. Theyre here and they work and they
pay taxes. Theyre not illegal.
Israeli government figures from June 30
show a total of 38,043 African migrants in
the country. They include 27,494 Eritreans
and 7,869 Sudanese.
A 2016 UN commission of inquiry into
Eritreas harsh regime found widespread
and systematic crimes against humanity
and said an estimated 5,000 people flee the
country each month.
The International Criminal Court has
indicted Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir
on charges of war crimes, crimes against
humanity and genocide related to his
regimes counter-insurgency tactics in the
14-year-old conflict in Darfur.
Drori-Avraham says that among those
seeking asylum in Israel are thousands
from Darfur whose applications have yet to
receive an answer.
Some of them have been waiting for
years, she said.
Didnt choose it
Migrants started coming in large num-
bers across the porous border between
Israel and Egypts Sinai Peninsula in 2007,
when nearly 5,000 entered, interior ministry
figures show.
By 2011 the number had shot up to more
than 17,000 but the following year the gov-
ernment completed fencing the border and
deploying electronic sensors.
In 2013, only 43 people were caught,
while in the first six months of this year
nobody made it across.
Beyond wanting to be seen as responding
to residents complaints, the government
is also concerned with maintaining Israels
Jewish character. Only Jews or those with
Africans in Israel
Unwelcome in Tel Aviv, refugees dream of home
Jewish families are allowed to immigrate.
Thousands of the migrants have since
been removed -- voluntarily according to
the ministry, under duress according to the
ASSAF. Over the years, those caught at the
Egyptian frontier were detained at prisons
in the Negev desert in southern Israel.
On release they were given bus tickets to
Tel Aviv, arriving at the central bus station
on the south side of the city.
Many stayed in the surrounding Neve
Shaanan neighbourhood, long rife with
prostitution and crime.
Rents there are low and landlords are
not choosy about tenants. The reason
we are here is that this is the only area we
know. We didnt choose it, said Tsgahans
Goytiom, a 30-year-old Eritrean known in
the neighbourhood as Johnny. No Israeli
wants to be here in this neighbourhood.
In 2012, an anti-migrant demonstration in
Tel Aviv drew about 1,000 protesters.
One speaker was Miri Regev, a lawmaker
from Netanyahus Likud party, who is now
a minister in his right-wing government.
The infiltrators are a cancer in our
body, she told the rally, which spiraled
into a race riot in which there were shouts
of Blacks out! and attacks on African-run
shops.
Today the streets of Neve Shaanan are
lined with African grocery stores and hair-
dressers alongside storefront law offices
advertising advice for migrants.
Everybody is waiting
Israeli residents have formed The South
Tel Aviv Liberation Front to lobby the gov-
ernment for harsher measures against the
newcomers.
They brought here a Third World cul-
ture, lots of misogyny, lots of chauvinism,
lots of homophobia and a lot of disrespect,
Front leader Sheffi Paz alleged.
Rwanda
Disrespect towards the authorities, dis-
respect towards the law, disrespect towards
the residents.
The migrants, who Drori-Avraham says
meet the UN definition of refugees, live in a
strange half-world where the rules are often
contradictory.
Their visas do not grant the right to work
but when the holders go to renew them
every two months they are asked to pro-
duce pay slips to prove they are employed,
the migrants and their supporters say.
The government tacitly recognises the
Sudanese and Eritreans cannot be returned
to their dangerous homelands.
So Israel has signed deals with Rwanda
and Uganda, which agree to accept depart-
ing migrants on condition they consent to
the arrangement.
Candidates are offered payments of
$3,500 and threatened with indefinite deten-
tion if they refuse, Drori-Avraham says.
Those who accept find themselves
stranded in alien countries where they
have no roots and no common culture or
language. Israels Supreme Court ruled last
month that open-ended imprisonment is
illegal and that migrants can be held for no
more than 60 days.
Netanyahu said he would find a way
round that decision, and draft legislation
has been written which would allow the
deportation of migrants if passed.
Goytiom has been in Israel for eight
years, arriving after a gruelling trek across
Ethiopia and what he says was kidnap and
torture by Bedouin in Sudan and the Sinai.
With his wife he runs a kindergarten for
migrant youngsters.
If we had the option of change in Eritrea
we would not stay here another month,
he told AFP. Everybody is waiting for the
present situation to change.
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 21
Tailors sewing T-shirts at Fine Spinners Factory in Kampala on Oct. 17. INDEOENDENT/ ISAAC KHISA
Ugandas textile industry
picking up the threads
Fine Spinners plan to sell T-shirts at US$3 on the local market
I
By Isaac Khisa
t is Oct. 17, eighteen representatives
of importers from Germany are
touring Fine Spinners garment
factory in Bugolobi, a Kampala
suburb filming various activities
and to ascertain the companys
production processes and capacity.
Later, they would proceed to Kasese,
South Western Uganda, to locate the origin
of the cotton raw materials used in the
factory for the production of T-shirts for
export.
Stefanie Sumfleth, the head of corporate
responsibility and quality management of
Bonprix, one of the companies importing
the T-shirts from Fine Spinners told The
Independent in an interview on Oct. 17 that
their intention was to shoot films to show
22 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
their customers.
At the end of it all, we want to have
very high quality products and that the
cotton production is sustainable, he said
adding, This is very important to us as a
company but at the same time we want to
support the farmers not with charity but
with business.
Ellen Goes, a corporate responsibility
officer with Witt-Gruppe, a member of
Otto Group, said while they are yet to
import any garment from Uganda, they
are considering to do so.
She said their visit was to assess
the capacity of the capacity and make
decisions on whether or not to import
garments from the factory.
Fine Spinners, which also has operations
in Kenya, produces multiple bright
coloured T-shirts pink, yellow, blue
and more for export markets mainly
Germany with labels Made in Uganda
and Made in Africa. This is signalling
optimism for the industrys move to
recovery.
Started in 2014 after a US$40 million
investment in the textile factory, Fine
Spinners took over the premises of the
defunct Tri-Star group that closed more
than a decade ago citing irredeemable
logistical problems and loss making during
its operations.
This was followed up with the
acquisition of Phenix Logistics Uganda
Ltd - now under construction from the
Ugandan government in March this year
for the production of mlange fabrics,
which are made with more than one
colour of fabrics, either by using different
coloured fabrics or made with different

fabrics that are then individually dyed.
This is aimed at product diversification to
serve various market segments.
Meanwhile, in May this year, Chineses
Sunbelt Textiles Company Limited,
unveiled its USUS$18 million textile
factory in Jinja, eastern Uganda, producing
blankets, pillow cases and bed sheets for
local and regional markets.
Jaswinder Bedi, the executive director
at Fine Spinners, who also doubles as the
chairman of the African Cotton and Textile
Industrys Federation, told The Independent
in an interview that Ugandas textile
industry has high chances of growth due
to availability of cotton countrywide.
Uganda has been exporting most of its
cotton; and we thought we could set up a
factory here, utilise the raw materials and
produce high quality garments, he said.
The production cost in this market is also
still lower compared with Kenya.
He said the company currently produces
400,000 T-shirts per month for export and
plans to double production in the next two
years to serve both the local and foreign
market.
He added that the company, which
earned US$1.5million through the export
of T-shirts last year, plans to sale 20 %
of the production volumes to the local
market at US$3 per T-shirt compared with
US$10 for the same garment on the foreign
market.
We want to ensure that the local
population also buys new clothes; they
also deserve dignity, he said, adding
that the move is also intended to re-align
with the governments new policy of Buy
Uganda Build Uganda.
This comes at the time majority of
Ugandas population are relying on
second-hand clothes. At the moment,
second-hand clothes account for more
than 81% for the countrys clothes imports,
according to Andrew Brook, in his book
Clothing Poverty: The Hidden World of
Fashion and Second Hand Clothes.
This is higher than what the entire Sub-
Saharan Africa, where second hand clothes
and shoes account for over 50% of the
clothing market.
The Ugandan government and the rest
of the East African Community (EAC)
states are currently determined to ban
importation of second hand clothes into
the bloc as a measure to promote local
industries amidst complaints from US
traders.
In 2016, EAC, which comprises of
Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania,South Sudan,
Rwanda and Burundi agreed to ban
imports of used clothes in the region by
2019 as part of the EAC Vision 2050 and
the Industrialization Policy to enhance
manufacturing sector that currently
contributes 8.7% to the regional Gross
Domestic Product to 25% by 2032. The
move, however, could also harm a multi-
billion shilling group of importers.
Museveni favours local textiles
Meeting the United States
Undersecretary for Political Affairs,
Thomas A. Shannon, at Uganda House
in New York City on Sept. 22 during the
72nd session of the United Nations General
Assembly, President Yoweri Museveni
said his government is against importation
of second hand clothes because it is trying
to develop its textile and apparel sector.
Second hand clothes are killing the
textile and apparel sector in Uganda.
Industrialization of this sector is not only
good for Uganda but for America as well.
As partners the volume of trade grows and
creates more incomes, he said.
At the moment,
the country
produces merely
110,707
bales per annum,
grown in more than 60
districts in Busoga,
Bukedi, Bugisu, Teso,
Lango, Acholi, West
Nile, and western
regions.
Musevenis remarks were in response
to the US Trade Representative's (USTR)
earlier statements saying it was reviewing
trade benefits to the region under the
African Growth and Opportunity Act
(AGOA).
This was after US traders in second-
hand clothes complained about EAC plan
to import used clothes arguing that the
move would hurt their industry and also
violate AGOA rules.
AGOA, which was extended last year,
allows exporters from African countries
that meet given terms, to export their
goods into the U.S. without the usual
tough restrictions. In turn, America also
gets some preferential treatment of their
products.
business
Right timing
This new development coincides with
the government plans to revive its cotton
industry, one of the countrys foreign
exchange earners in the 1970s.
In addition, there has also been a surge
in demand for cotton as raw materials
from domestic mills and the potential to
supply manufacturers producing clothes
and textiles abroad.
At the moment, the country produces
merely 110,707 bales per annum, grown in
more than 60 districts in Busoga, Bukedi,
Bugisu, Teso, Lango, Acholi, West Nile,
and western regions employing thousands
of Ugandan households.
With new investors joining the sector,
amid governments commitment to inject
more cash in the sector, more Ugandans
are set to get jobs right from the farm and
in the value adding chains.
Ugandas textile industry was founded
in the 1950s and 1960s, spearheaded by
the Uganda Development Corporation
(UDC) that worked in tandem with
the international partners, such as the
Calico Printers Association of the United
Kingdom and Yamato International of
Japan, as well as domestic partners, such as
Nyanza Textile Industries Limited (NYTIL)
in Jinja, Mulco Textiles in Jinja, African
Textile Mills (ATM) in Mbale and Lira
Spinning Mill in Lira, according to Fredrick
Lugojjas background paper prepared for
the United Nations Conference on Trade
and Development in March this year.
Under the auspices of UDC, a National
Textile Board was established in late 1960s
to guide the development of the textile
industry in the country, with a focus on
import substitution.
This, Lugojja said, was followed up with
the nationalisation of the textile firm in
1970s and later liberalised in 1994 where
government divested its shares in these
textile firms.
Nevertheless, in the early 1990s, the
sector collapsed under the burden of
obsolete machinery and other operational
constraints, especially unreliable and
expensive electricity, he said.
As at May this year, there were only
three operational textile firms in Uganda
including Southern Range Nyanza
Limited, an integrated textile and garment
manufacturing unit based in Njeru,
Buikwe District. However, the textile firms
are not operating at full installed capacity
due to the high cost of production and low
demand for locally produced fabrics and
garments as a result of high competition
from cheaper imports and second-hand
clothes. As a result, domestic consumption
of lint remains low, at an average of 3.3%
of the total lint produced. Idle spinning
capacity also exists, in the form of the non-
functioning Lira Spinning Mill.
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 23
business
Sim Card registration dividends
Here is why the exercise is important
By Julius Businge
T
elecom firms now feel confident
in carrying out their business
following the conclusion of a
mandatory Simcard registration
and validation on August 31, 2017,
according to Godfrey Mutabazi, the
executive director at the Uganda
Communications Commission.
In an exclusive interview with The
Independent on Oct.19, Mutabazi said, apart
from managing security which was the
major objective of the exercise telecom
firms are now better positioned to offer
numerous services including micro-credit
to customers without asking for collateral
because they know their customers well.
He said the countrys total registered
mobile subscribers stands at 23.5million
across the eight telecom firms.
We have done very well; as we speak
now everybody is registered, Mutabazi
said. Uganda embarked on Sim card
registration nearly five years ago but the
exercise was delayed until the government
introduced national identity cards in 2014
for clear identification of customers.
Mutabazi said UCC and telecom firms
are now able to trace individuals who
commit crimes using their mobile phones.
He also noted that with Simcard
registration, SIM card boxing or grey traffic
which involves incoming international
calls into the country without paying excise
duties to the government, has reduced as
fraudsters now fear that they can easily be
netted.
He said this vice affects so much the
big players in terms of revenue losses in
addition to loss of government excise duty.
But he said telecoms have reported to
him a significant reduction in traffic caused
by SIM boxing. UCC has engaged the
operators and advised them to buy Fraud
Management and Revenue Assurance
Software which both MTN and Airtel have
done to be able to dismantle SIM card
boxing, he said. The other players are
expected to do the same. International
studies have indicated that network
operators lose about 3% of the annual
revenue due to fraudulent and illegal
services.
The Communications Fraud Control
Association (CFCA), states that telecoms
lose over 15 % of their interconnection
termination revenue through SIM boxing.
Some researchers put the total global
losses from the underground mobile
24 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
Godfrey Mutabazi Anthony Katamba
network industry at US$58 billion in 2011.
With this software, Mutabazi said, MTN
and Airtel are creating industrial blacklists
for numbers that are found to be SIM
boxing and thus complementing UCCs
recently procured monitoring equipment
to monitor all telecommunication services
including tariff charges to avoid customers
complaints over loss of their airtime.
Telecom executives raises concern
Anthony Katamba, the general manager
for Legal and Corporate Affairs at MTN
told The Independent in an interview on
Oct. 20 that while they are following the
legal provisions by government to register
all their customers both new and old, a
directive by the government to restrict SIM
card sales in designated places service
centres and kiosks would slow growth
of Sim card sales. This has also been made
worse with the difficulties that people have
to go through to get national identity cards
in order to acquire a SIM card.
Sales are a function of availability, he
said, But we are following the rule from
government.
Africells Commercial Director, Milad
Khairallah told The Independent on Oct.
20 that he agrees with UCC and other
players on the issue of growing confidence
amongst players while transacting with
their customers because of the SIM card
registration exercise that captures details
of users.
Without giving specifics, Khairallah said
they had registered part of the 300, 000 SIM
cards that were switched off on August
31 because of lack of registration details
by owners. According to government
officials, the enactment of the Registration
of Persons Act 2015 makes the national
ID a mandatory document to use for any
form of registration services, SIM card
registration inclusive.
This is explained in sections 65 (1) (a)
to (l) and 66 (1) and (2) that elaborate
on the use of information in the register
and mandatory use of National ID cards
respectively. This meant that telecom
subscribers who didnt have national ID
were unable to register their SIM cards.
To some players, this meant decline in
revenues in some ways.
By close of deadline on August 31, 2017,
UCC and the office of the Prime Minister
reported that 98% of the SIM cards had
been successfully registered and were
compliant.
But Mutabazi said that the 2% that
was not registered by end of August was
insignificant going by industry operations.
He said that there are users who
voluntarily got off some networks because
they had more than one SIM cards.
Lets not focus on unregistered users
because if you are a serious user, you must
be registered, Mutabazi said. We have
not lost numbers in terms of volumes, he
added.
Meanwhile, Mutabazi said that it is
possible for big players to lose some
revenue because they have the largest
number of subscribers compared to small
players who would easily deal with their
loyal customers. Commenting generally
on the quality of service, he said it is
currently UTL that is grappling with poor
services but set to improve following
the governments move to take-over its
management in March this year.
Quality of service is a big concern
but it shouldnt be overwhelmingly a big
problem as of now, Mutabazi said, adding
that in any case, there are more players in
the market providing an alternative choice.
Future outlook
Going forward, Mutabazi said that the
country is moving towards the fourth
industrial revolution and that it would be
very dangerous for Uganda not to invest
so as to move fast in communication
technology. We must keep pace with the
speed of changing technology as a region
and continent so that we dont remain
behind, he said. He said the regulator
is happy that MTN has earmarked
US$70-80 million worth of investment
in new technology and other areas. He
added that government needs to study
its policies on taxation, energy and other
infrastructure so as to support growth in
communication services.
 Executive Style
Business Partners boosts
SMEs in E. Africa
What is your leadership style
M
as a manager?
y leadership style
is not definite but I
use different styles
depending on the
time and type of task at hand.
We run a lean model therefore
its easy to build consensus
with staff and agree on com-
mon action points to achieve
the set targets.
As Business Partners Inter-
national East Africa (BPI
EA) you seem to be targeting
mainly Small and Medium
Enterprises and upcoming
entrepreneurs for your credit.
What are your key drivers for
targeting SMEs and not big
companies?
At Business Partners, we
pride of over 30 years of expe-
rience of offering financial
solutions to SMEs and we
understand traditional finan-
ciers refrain from lending to
this target market because of
the perceived risk associated
with SMEs, or prefer not to
deal with the complexities of
doing business with a family
management team rather than
a board of members. This is
however, the area that BPI spe-
cialises in, and the exact service
offering that we are working to
expand to entrepreneurs across
Africa.
You have been in this market
for more than a year now.
What is your assessment of
SMEs demand for loans?
There is a high demand for
financing by SMEs but again
many SMEs fail to access the
desired financing from differ-
ent financiers due to unaccept-
able form of collateral, per-
ceived business risk because of
the start-up nature of the busi-
ness among other challenges.
SMEs and small entrepre-
neurs access to finance re-
mains a challenge not only
in Uganda but also across
the African continent. How
Vincent Kiyingi is the manager at the
Business Partners International (BPI) Uganda.
He spoke to The Independent's Isaac Khisa
about financing SMEs.
are you trying to address that
challenge?
We are a specialist in risk
financing for family-owned
companies and those enterprise
owners whose businesses are
doing well but cannot attract
the full commercial lending
support that they need from
traditional banks. That means
we are willing to take on more
risk based on the skills and
dedication of the entrepreneur,
viability of their business and
integrity of the entrepreneur.
We are therefore extending
funding to an entrepreneur
with the above attributes but
lack the adequate security to
their borrowings. Similarly, our
due diligence process is thor-
ough, tried and tested.
What makes you different, in
terms of loans structure and
interest rates from commercial
banks in offering loans to
SMEs?
Our financing structure is
flexible and incorporates a
moratorium period to allow
the business to generate cash-
flow to start repaying the loan.
Our pricing is in line with the
market and we also offer value
-add services that include
interest free funds through
our Technical Assistance (T/A)
programme to assist with men-
torship of entrepreneurs and
addressing the soft challenges
in the business.
What are the criteria for an
SME firm to access your loans?
Its a simple process, the
entrepreneur is required to sub-
mit a business plan after which
they meet with our investment
officer for free initial discussion.
Each application is assessed
based on the viability of the
business, integrity and experi-
ence of the entrepreneur. We
develop a customised invest-
ment and added value solution
for the business. Capital and
security are not necessarily
required for an application to be
accepted, as each investment is
individually structured accord-
ing to customers needs.
What other services do you
offer to your customers rather
than extending loans?
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
business
We offer a Technical Assis-
tance Programme which
provides value-added ser-
vices for the entrepreneur
(business owner) ranging
from accounting support,
marketing plans and mentor-
ship programmes to support
the business to transcend its
frontiers.
What is your footprint in
Uganda and the continent?
BPI was established in 2004
as a subsidiary of Business
Partners Limited, to apply
the investment model refined
in South Africa to other Afri-
can countries. Funds have
been established in Kenya,
Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda,
Zambia and Uganda. The
management of the Funds is
organised to implement the
principles that Business Part-
ners has developed to man-
age investments in SMEs in
Africa over the last 30 years.
What are some of the chal-
lenges that you face in your-
daily operations?
At Business Partners, we
note that many SMEs oper-
ate informally with no proper
record keeping and lack formal
structures in their businesses.
This poses a risk where in the
unfortunate event that the
entrepreneur or owner of the
business is not around, it can
not survive.
What is the future outlook
for BPI EA in Uganda and the
region?
The outlook for BPI EA
is positive based on the
fact the East African region
economy is growing and SMEs
contributing highly to the
growth of the forecasted GDPs.
Therefore, Business Partners
will continue with supporting
these SMEs in the region with
the desired financing and
mentorship services through
our value add Technical
Assistance programme.
25
business
FINANCE
ACCA, Deloitte award financial officers
Alvin Mbugua, the overall winner of the CFO
2017 receives his award from Finance Minister
for Planning, David Bahati
T
wo global firms Association of
Chartered Certified Accountants
(ACCA) and Deloitte have recog-
nised best performing Chief Finan-
cial Officers in Uganda in a bid to encourage
professional excellence
Beatrice Isagayite, the head of ACCA
CSR
Stanbic contributes Shs
225m to the 2017 MTN
Kampala Marathon
S
tanbic Bank, a partner and supporter
of the MTN Kampala Marathon, has
contributed Shs 225 million towards
this years activity set for Nov. 19. The
money will be used to combat the exposure of
school going children to cancer caused by asbes-
tos roofing in Kampala and improving maternal
health services at Kiswa and Komaboga Health
centres. Edwin Mucai, the head of corporate
investment banking at Stanbic Bank said they
are proud and excited to partner with MTN in
what has become a world class event attracting
fun runners and elite athletes from across the
country and the globe.
Anthony Katamba, the general manager,
corporate services at MTN said they appreciate
Stanbic Banks contribution towards the mara-
thon to improve the local population.
Stanbic Banks Banking Edwin Mucai (R), Chief Marketing
Officer MTN Olivier Prentout (c) and the MTN Manager
corporate services Anthony Katamba pose for a photo
after Stanbic Bank handed over its contribution worth Shs
225 million towards the upcoming 2017 MTN marathon
26
Uganda and Norbert Kagoro, the managing
partner for Deloitte said at the inaugural
awards on Dec 19 in Kampala that the initia-
tive aims to raise the profile of CFOs as they
strive to develop good business and finance
practices in strategic decision making.
The CFO of the year 2017 award was
Alvin Mbugua, the strategy and finance
director at Uganda Breweries Limited. He
also won the Strategy Execution Award.
Mbugua has 15 years working experience
with leading organizations.
The other winners included the runners
up for CFO of the year award, Patrick Ayo-
ta, the CFO at NSSF, Edith Kakuba (Public
Sector Award), who is the head of finance at
Uganda Medical Stores, Samuel Mwogeza
(Finance Transformation award) and is the
CFO at Stanbic Bank Uganda and Bruno
Muhindi, won the young CFO award.
Muhindi is the head of finance at KCB.
AGRI-BUSINESS
Uganda to benefit from 10-year US$24bn AfDB project
U
ganda is among seven other
countries that the African Devel-
opment Bank (AfDB) has chosen
to showcase in a $24 billion 10
year project to lift the profile of agriculture
with a component that includes pulling in
a younger generation of farmers.
Working with the International Institute
for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), an agri-
culture research organisation, the AfDB
is encouraging young farmers under the
Empowering Novel Agri-Business-Led
Employment (ENABLE) Youth program
to grow their businesses.
Africas next billionaires are not going
to come from oil, gas, or the extractives.
ENABLE Youth is about investing in small
AVIATION
Entebbe Airport gets new counter
U
ganda Civil Aviation Authority
has completed modification of
immigration booths in the arrival
hall at the Entebbe International
Airport to increase the number of counters
from 14 to 20 in order to enhance effi-
ciency and reduce on queues, according
to the Authoritys spokesperson, Vianney
Luggya.
Vianney said in a statement that some of
the new installed immigration booths are
each manned by four people and others
three instead of two. CAA has also intro-
duced a fast tracking lane by dedicating
one of the counters to specifically cater for
BANKING
Stanchart launches
salary loan campaign
S
tandard Chartered Bank has
launched a salary loan campaign un-
der the Live your Dream campaign
which is aligned to a global cam-
paign that celebrates 125 years of English
Premier League Club Liverpool which is
sponsored by the bank since 2010.
The campaign will enable the bank cli-
entele to access personal loans of up to Shs
200 million at interest rates of 18.9% per year
with a 72 months tenor and repayment holi-
day of up to 75 days. The campaign will also
see three couples win an all-expenses paid
dream trip to Anfield, the home of Liverpool
among other prizes for all customers taking
loans from as low as Shs 15 million.
If you have a project to complete, school
fees to pay, this is the time to come to Stan-
dard Chartered Bank to take a loan before
December 31, 2017, Israel Arinaitwe, the
banks head of retail said on Dec. 17.
agribusinesses today so that they can
grow into large enterprises tomorrow,
Akinwumi Adesina, the AfDB President
said at the Borlaug Dialogue International
Symposium in Des Moines, Iowa in the
United States.
Some two million hectares is to be
found across the Central African Republic,
the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana,
Guinea, Kenya, Mozambique and Zam-
bia to implement the initial stages of the
project. This comes at the time few African
countries have adopted the 2010 Maputo
Declaration that bound governments to
allocate 10% of the national budget to agri-
culture development. So far, a number of
countries remain net importers of food.
passengers with special needs, First Class,
Business Class and the airline crew, he
said.
He said the next step is to modify the
immigration counters on departure to
increase their number and further enhance
service delivery.
 business

JICA, URA train South Sudan

Customs executives
By Ian Katusiime Uganda Revenue Authority

J
apanese International
Cooperation Agency
(JICA) is conducting
training for South Sudan
Customs executives in a project
where Harmonised System
(HS) Code will be integrated in
the South Sudanese Customs
Service. HS is a multipurpose
international product no-
menclature developed by the
Godfrey Byekwaso (L) Centenary Bank's General Manager Finance World Customs Organization
hands over a dummy cheque to Edith Byanyima (M) a Board member of (WCO) to harmonise customs
the Rotary Family Health Days & Rotarian Godfrey Jooga Ssebukulu and trade procedures, and the
at the launch of this years second Rotary Family Health Days that was non-documentary trade data
held at Old Kampala SSS. Centenary Bank set aside over Shs230 million interchange in connection with
to Bridging the Cancer gap activities of which Shs40 Million will go such procedures, thus reduc-
towards the purchase of cancer screening kits to be used during this ing the costs related to interna-
year's Rotary Family Health. Days. INDEPENDENT/JIMMY SIYA tional trade.
The project that started in
June 2016 is aimed at improv-
ing efficiency of customs pro-
cedures at borders, including
collection of taxes.
The Deputy Chief Advisor
of the project at JICA, Mitsu-
nori Numaguchi, said so far
210 South Sudanese customs
executives have received train-
ing in HS code and statistics in
various centres including Gulu
and Entebbe in Uganda.
The training is being
done by six experts from JICA
and four other officials from
who have provided technical
cooperation to the project,
he said. The project expected
to cost US$4m will run until
September 2019 and will also
entail conducting a baseline
study of current customs
administration by the South
Sudan Customs Services, revis-
ing the project design based on
the results of the baseline study
and thorough Personal Com-
puter training where actual
tariff book will be converted
into a digital file.
Other activities include
putting the HS code to the
digitised Tariff book, adding
missing and new items with
HS code into the digitised tariff
book to be at par the rest of the
countries in the East African
Community.
This comes barely two
months since the South Sudan
central banks requested their
counterparts in the region to
offer capacity building in the
Africas newest nation to stabi-
lise the economy.
South Sudan is currently
grappling with low revenue
collections especially at the
border points due to political
instability.

Eskom Uganda Managing Director Thozama Gangi (M) flanked by Eskom

Directors and contractors, cut a cake to celebrate six years of no injury at both
Nalubaale and Kiira plants.
Weekly share price movement (October 20)
Security Oct. 20 Oct. 13 Movement
BATU 30000 30000 00
BOBU 110 110 00
CENT 1,370 1,380 0.7
DFCU 702 710 1.1
EABL 8,491 8,790 3.4
EBL 1,282 1,248 2.7
JHL 17,017 16,771 1.5
KA 169 165 2.4
KCB 1,291 1,318 2.1
NIC 11 12 8.3
NMG 3,856 3,832 0.6
NVL 526 530 0.8
SBU 27 27 00
Herbert Mucunguzi (L), the General Manager Kwes TV Uganda hands over UCHM 113 121 6.6
a Kwes TV kit to Geoffrey Sengendo (2L), the Acting head of International UCL 21 18 16.7
Relations at Uganda Communications Commission during the launch of Kwes UMEME 445 455 2.2
TV on October 20. Looking on is Ben Mwine (R) the General Manager Kwes
ALSI -- -- --
Free TV. INDEPENDENT/JIMMY SIYA

Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 27

comment
By Raj Persaud and Peter Bruggen
Superstar sex predators
A psychological explanation for those seeking to
understand the apparent nexus of success and abuse
T
he Harvey Weinstein sexual assault
scandal shows no sign of winding
down. Just the opposite: police
in the United Kingdom are now
investigating several allegations involving
the Oscar-winning film producer. While
Weinstein has unequivocally denied al-
legations of non-consensual sex, and no
arrests have been made, more than two
dozen women including the actors An-
gelina Jolie, Gwyneth Paltrow, and Rose
McGowan have publicly accused him of
harassment. The allegations stretch over
nearly three decades.
Hollywood is struggling to explain how
one of its most visible figures could have
gotten away with such behavior for so long.
Woody Allen offered an important clue.
Despite working with Weinstein on several
films, he claims that no one ever brought
allegations of abuse to his attention. And
they wouldnt, because you are not inter-
ested in it, Allen told the BBC. You are
interested in making your movie. Others
who worked with Weinstein over the years
have made similar statements.
Is this the Hollywood equivalent of a
police officers blue wall of silence, or is
there something more clinical at work?
One possible answer may be found in the
results of recent psychological research.
According to scientists in the United States
and Israel, there are certain personality
traits the dark triad of narcissism, psy-
chopathy, and Machiavellianism that are
more commonly associated with sexually
abusive behavior.
One intriguing finding from this research,
published in 2016 in the journal Personality
and Individual Differences, is that person-
ality traits associated with a proclivity for
harassment may be specialised psycholog-
ical adaptations that allow individuals to
exploit niches in society. In other words,
some sexual predators may seek careers
in particular industries that allow them to
exploit others.
The researchers also found that the dis-
position that makes someone successful
may also comprise the personality traits
that explain their tendency to exploit. The
traits needed to win Academy Awards, for
example, may be similar to the traits of an
individual who pursues a large number of
sexual partners and relationships requiring
little commitment.
28 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
Taken a step further, the research suggests
that we should not be surprised to find a
similar parallel in many others corners of
society. It is not just in Hollywood where
the traits that make someone a star could
make the same person an abuser.
The dark triad study was published
long before the allegations against Wein-
stein came to light, but it remains the
most comprehensive investigation into
the personalities of sexual harassers. The
researchers based at Oakland University
and the University of Georgia in the US,
and Sapir Academic College in Israel
surveyed more than 2,500 Israeli men and
women. Subjects prone to exploiting others
demonstrated a number of characteristics,
including callousness, disagreeableness,
deceitfulness, egocentrism, lack of honesty
or humility, and an excessive interest in
ones personal talents and goals.
This last trait also known as narcissism
is a key component of the dark triad. Nar-
cissists tend to be convinced of their own
magnificence, and believe that other people
should be flattered to be in their company
even if that involves unwanted sexual
advances.
Machiavellians, meanwhile, believe that
the best way to interact with others is to
tell them what they want to hear. Their
manipulative default can lead to a pattern
of continually deceiving colleagues and
The authors
of the 2016
study remind
us, sexual
harassment
is not always
about trying to
secure sex
friends, which may explain why a Machia-
vellian personality would engage in sexual
harassment or pursue short-term sexual
encounters. They simply believe they are
too cunning to get caught.
When abusers are unmasked, they often
seek to deflect blame. Claiming to be suf-
fering from a disorder such as sexual
addiction, or checking into a rehabilitation
clinic for treatment, as Weinstein has
reportedly done, fits with a classic Machia-
vellian response.
If the allegations pan out, Weinstein
would be an extreme example of a dark
triad abuser. But this combination of char-
acter traits is not all that rare. In fact, pow-
erful predators might be lurking around the
nearest water cooler right now. According
to a 1994 survey of federal employees in the
US, cited in the dark triad study, 44% of
female workers, and 19% of male workers,
reported being sexually harassed on the job
within the two previous years.
And, as the authors of the 2016 study
remind us, sexual harassment is not always
about trying to secure sex. Rather, psycho-
logical drives including the need to boost
ones sense of self-esteem, attractiveness,
or masculinity may be driving predators
abuse of power in dominating or degrading
others.
What may be particularly relevant to the
Weinstein case, whatever the outcome, is
that Hollywood is itself a bubble of narcis-
sistic power. Psychologists could argue that
this feature explains the blindness some
have demonstrated toward the alleged
depraved behavior of one of their col-
leagues.
Sexual harassment is the immediate
focus of the Weinstein case, as it should
be, given the severity of the alleged crimes
and the distress caused to the victims. But
for psychologists seeking to understand
the apparent nexus of success and abuse,
Weinsteins apparent downfall is just the tip
of an analytic iceberg.
Raj Persaud and Peter Bruggen are
psychiatrists based in London, and co-
authors of the forthcoming book The
Streetwise Persons Guide To Mental
Health Care.
Copyright: Project Syndicate, 2017.

By Stuart Oramire
Mulira wrong on age-limit Bill
The claim that proposed amendment is
unconstitutional is peppered with misrepresentation
A
s an ardent reader of senior
counsel and citizen, Peter Muliras
articles, I keenly read the opinion
he authored in the Daily Monitor
newspaper of October 17, 2017 titled `Con-
stitution should not be tampered with
by politicians. Although he offered wise
counsel as he normally does, his commen-
tary was peppered with political and legal
misrepresentations.
Firstly, Mulira falsely claims that many
people have opted out of the presiden-
tial age-limit debate and the fate of the
country is now in the hands of Members
of Parliament. This is a misleading claim.
Currently, there are ongoing nationwide
consultations and people are actively
airing their views. In fact, Mulira even
writes about the now prominent news of
senior citizens who spoke at a workshop
that was organised by the Elders Forum
recently. These events do not seem to
discount public interest and involvement
in the current debate although, ulti-
mately, Parliament retains the constitu-
tional mandate to amend Article 102(b).
Mulira seems to draw a clear distinc-
tion between constitutional matters and
political issues. Whereas I agree with the
senior counsel that a national constitu-
tion should be, somehow, above politics,
one cannot divorce constitutional mat-
ters from political issues. The politics
of any country is a function of her Con-
stitutional and legal framework. This is
because, by definition, a Constitution
is the fundamental law from which all
organs of the state derive their legiti-
macy. The constitution concerns itself
with the acquisition and methods of
distribution of power. So how can such
a law be, at the very least, distanced or
divorced from politics?
Muliras main point of contention is
that the Bill to amend Article 102(b) is
unconstitutional because it was intro-
duced by a private member according
to rules that govern political work of
Parliament, and therefore there is need to
enact a law implementing the provision
of Chapter Eighteen and making rules
under that law providing for procedure
for such amendment. Here Mulira misses
a number of points.
Firstly, he rightly acknowledges that
Parliament is given power under Article
94 to make rules to regulate its procedure
and Article 94(4)(b) specifically gives a
Member of Parliament the right to move
a Private Members Bill subject to certain
limitations. These rules are not limited in
their scope of application.
Mulira incorrectly claims that the Con-
stitution makes a distinction between the
political work of Parliament and its spe-
cial powers to amend the Constitution.
Although the cardinal role of Parliament
is its legislative function as provided for
under Article 79, the same Parliament
can, among its other roles, also amend
the Constitution as Mulira rightly points
out. However, to better understand how
Parliament plays its various functions,
one must use the rule of interpretation
that a constitution must be read as a
whole and not in part as senior counsel
expediently does. For example, the dis-
tinction Mulira draws between Articles
79 and 259 is blurred by Article 79(3) that
provides Parliament with the duty to
protect the constitution and promote the
democratic governance of Uganda. This
clause envisages the correlation and dual
function of parliament in its legislative
role and amendment of the constitution.
Secondly, Article 259 that Mulira keeps
referring to cannot be read in isolation
of other provisions of the Constitution.
Article 259 (1) provides that, subject to
Mulira seems
to draw a clear
distinction
between
constitutional
matters and
political issues
comment
other provisions of this constitution,
Parliament may amend by way of addi-
tion, variation or repeal, any provision
of this constitution in accordance with
the procedure laid down in this chapter.
The implication of this is that Article 259
must be read and interpreted together
with, and not in isolation of, Article 79
and specifically subsection (3), Article 94
on Rules of procedure in Parliament and
Article 262 among others.
However for political expediency,
Mulira interpreted these provisions
differently with a purpose of creating
procedural frailties. Mulira goes further
to claim that chapter eighteen does not
confer on a private member the right to
move a Bill to amend the constitution but
he does not provide a single provision
under the same chapter that expressly
fortifies his incorrect claim.
Mulira is right where he quotes Article
94(4)(b) which specifically gives a
Member of Parliament the right to move
a Private Members Bill subject to the
prior assistance of the department of
government whose area of operation is
affected by the Bill and the involvement
of both the Parliamentary Counsel and
the Attorney Generals office in drafting
of the Bill.
As far as I know, some of these proce-
dural requirements have been complied
with the same way the requirement of a
certificate of the speaker before the Presi-
dential assent to the Bill shall be com-
plied with at the right time as provided
under Article 263(2)(a).
Lastly it is well known that a Consti-
tution is made up of broad provisions
and, more often, these provisions are
interpreted differently even though there
are various rules of interpretation of the
Constitution. Therefore, Article 137 of the
same constitution provides for recourse
to the constitutional court on any ques-
tions as to the interpretation of the
constitution. At times, rather than cause
public excitement, this can be a better
option. Precedents of successful constitu-
tional petitions abound in Uganda.
Stuart Oramire is a Constitutional Law
Scholar and Researcher.
stuartoramire@yahoo.com/
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 29
comment
By Dr. Martin F. Kyeyune
Promoting local industries
After reversing the deplorable state of the economy,
the government needs to support local businesses
M
anufacturing existed in
Africa before colonial
rule. Africa made a wide
range of essential goods
it consumed; including food (this
involved food preservation), shelter
(involved the use of timber, cow dung,
thatching grass, mud and reeds among
others), health (involved the use of
herbs for treatment), clothing (mainly
used bark cloth, leather and woven
wool), and metal products such as
knives, farm implements, and complex
pottery.
But the industrialisation in Uganda
changed when, as a result of economic
hardship in the 1890s that hit Britain, it
sought raw materials and markets for
its industries from its colonies.
The Uganda economy was pushed
into a two-pronged strategy designed
to increase exports of primary
commodities to earn hard currency on
one hand and reduce imports to save
local hard currency.
By 1962 when Uganda became
politically independent, the colonial
state had already established key
dollar- earning and dollar saving
industries.
The post-colonial Uganda
government encouraged emergence
of more local import substitution
industrial infrastructure to provide
essential consumer goods notably in
the textile and sugar industry.
However, Uganda did not
consider building on the existing
rudimentary industries and instead
imported a modernised approach
to manufacturing. For many of the
new modern industries, over 75% of
all inputs were imported together
with capital equipment and in many
instances technical manpower. Only
25% was value added.
The government made little effort
to integrate industrialisation with the
available raw materials and indigenous
resources. In other words, the local
content and the savings that could
result from local industrialisation, was
lost.
30 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
Scope of local content
It is not in doubt that after 1986, the
new Government of Uganda (National
Resistance Movement) reversed the
deplorable state of the economy by:
ensuring peace and security and
political stability across the country,
ensuring a well-functioning economy
led by the private sector and achieved
through a series of fundamental
economic policy reforms that included:
currency reform, fiscal discipline,
macroeconomic stability, privatisation
of state owned enterprises and
liberalisation of internal and external
trade. This has promoted and restored
investors confidence as seen by an
increase in Foreign Direct Investment
(FDI) and GDP growth of 7%.
Since 1987, the government of
Uganda (assisted by development
partners) has sought to change
industrialise the economy. In a
dynamic global village, however, there
are fundamental factors that a country
must emphasise as it industrialises.
These factors include ensuring revenue
factors for investors, expanding
markets and promotion of FDI, and
encouraging government procurement
and local person spending.
The government
made little effort
to integrate
industrialisation
with the available
raw materials
and indigenous
resources
To ensure revenue streams for the
investors, the government has built
a lot of physical infrastructure. It
has promoted economic production
and marketing, and built capacity of
institutions; including market and
public institutions.
Uganda, as a market has become
very viable, as per capita income of
the locals increased and Foreign Direct
Investment flowed in. Labour has
become more productive and Uganda
has become economically integrated
with other economies, and trade flows
have increased.
Expanding markets and promotion
of FDI is crucial; especially in creating
a platform for exports from Uganda. To
thrive, Uganda needs to gain economic
influence over her trading partners
through Ugandan outlets setting up
in export destination markets such
that goods manufactured in Uganda
can easily be distributed in Ugandan-
owned outlets. This distribution model
creates market for local products
beyond borders and exporting bulk
products, such as furniture, as parts to
be assembled in the targeted countries.
Government procurement is
important because, as the biggest
procurer of goods and services in the
economy, the government needs to buy
more from the local manufacturers and
producers. Buying local is critical in
attracting and sustaining investment
since investors are encouraged by
economic boom created by the growing
demand for local goods.
Local person spending should also
be encouraged. The economic cycle
created by localisation of production
and consumption which is termed as
local person spending, creates jobs that
enable ordinary citizens to invest back
into the economy. When locals buy
local, the money they use stays in the
community and in the local area. This
is Buy Ugandan Build Uganda (BUBU).
Local content enablers
Uganda ought to have fiscal, legal
and trade policies that create a level

playing field. The government needs to
consider a broader range of fiscal and
trade policy issues to fully embrace
the opportunities associated with local
content. On many occasions, foreign
companies get tax concessions on
imported materials and equipment,
concessions which are denied to
domestic contractors, particularly in
construction and manufacturing. Local
manufacturers are often rendered
unable to compete in business or on
projects in their own home markets.
To create a level playing field where
the local manufacturing industry can
compete on equal terms with foreign
competitors, a number of trade related
policy issues have to be resolved
for instance; the continued tying of
bi-lateral assistance to developing
countries to the purchase of goods and
services from the donor country.
The government needs to promote
inclusive negotiation. Most times tax
and royalty negotiations usually are
conducted in advance of a company
knowing what it can achieve in
terms of local content. Further, tax
and royalty negotiations between
companies and governments are
usually carried out in secret, and
it is difficult to have citizens input
into negotiations in real time. While
issues of timing and confidentiality
also influence local content outcomes,
it is prudent under Local Content
initiatives to practice prior public
consultations and to share the final
outcomes with the citizens. The
government negotiators should also
have a clear view of national objectives
and capabilities and to negotiate local
content provisions with the partner
companies.
The government also ought to
ensure effectiveness and efficiency of
priority infrastructure, such as roads,
electricity, and communication lines
etc. to reduce costs of doing business
and allow for effective crossovers into
other economic activities to facilitate
quick service delivery.
Finally, there should be a
partnership network between
companies, Governments and schools,
training institutions in research and
development. This will help conduct
studies, research and investigations
that may further the attainment of the
goal of developing local content in
Uganda.
Future outlook of local content
The Government of Uganda has
committed to develop infrastructure
such as roads, and power dams like
Bujagali; among others to catch up with
the ever rising cost of conversion.
The cost of conversion in Uganda is
relatively high compared to the other
trading partners. These costs; such as
freight, tax, interest rates and electricity
rates render locally manufactured
goods uncompetitive both domestically
and globally thus limiting market
access. This lack of access to markets is
the most critical factor inhibiting full
local content adoption.
To tap other markets, deliberate
efforts should be dedicated to
improving the performance of
Ugandan businesses which in the
long term should focus on making
these businesses attractive to regional
markets within the East African
Community and beyond.
The integration with other economies
such as Common Market of Eastern
and Southern Africa (COMESA),
East African Community (EAC),
and Southern Africa Development
Community (SADC) show emphasis
and improvement of market
opportunities for locally manufactured
goods and services.
Under this outward investment,
Uganda currently contributes to the
global market only 2%. This implies
that in the long term perspective,
Uganda needs to tap potential markets
more in North America, Europe and
Asia among others.
Since 2014, the Government of
Uganda has committed towards
infrastructural development such as
roads, electricity, and communication
technology. These are crucial for
developing local content.
But, on the supply side, workers
comment
and businesses need to be aware of the
opportunities that are available and
how to access them. On the demand
side, technical end users and personnel
from procurement and human
resources departments in companies
and international contractors need to
understand the capabilities available
locally. They must also become aware
of how best to make links with local
suppliers.
Providing information about
future requirements and employment
opportunities gives local businesses
and workers time to invest in capital
equipment and to obtain the necessary
skills and expertise. It also benefits
international contracting companies
that may be more willing to invest
in training, supplier development,
infrastructure and joint ventures if they
have a clearer understanding of future
projects and contracts.
Fairly awarding contracts, from pre-
qualification and local registers, can be
used to ensure that local contractors
with the right experience are awarded
work while serial contracts can ensure
continuous work for promising
contractors.
Finally, promotions to harness local
content should be done. It should be
noted that local content is not only for
government but for the general public
as well. Government alone cannot
support local producers but rather an
equal and collective responsibility of all
consumers to buy local. We, therefore,
have to invest in creating confidence
and conscience in the public to embrace
buying local.
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 31
comment
By Kyle Murray
Marketing the weird
How enabling innovation could offer on lessons
on how Crystal Pepsi could have been saved
W
e tend to think that innovation
is driven by new discoveries or
advances in technology. Yet the
problem with new products is
often not an engineering challenge, but a
psychological one.
In fact, it seems to be much easier to
develop a new product than it is to find
people who are willing to buy it. In the
consumer packaged-goods business alone,
approximately 33,000 new products are
introduced every month (Mintel Global
New Products Database). Too many of them
fail.
Crystal Pepsi is a classic example.
Almost 25 years ago, Pepsi introduced a
new clear cola, believing it would quickly
grow to be a billion-dollar brand. They
named it Crystal Pepsi because it was
bottled without the dye that gives standard
Pepsi its caramel hue.
The new product was launched in 1993
with a Super Bowl commercial claiming:
Youve never seen a taste like this, accom- rate and skin conductance response (small
panied by Van Halens hit song `Right
Now. Unfortunately for Pepsi, consumers
werent buying it not right now, not
weeks or months later. By 1995, the product
was discontinued.
In hindsight, pundits have argued that
Crystal Pepsi failed, in large part, because no
explanation was given for its atypical colour.
The company didnt help consumers make
sense of the new product and, in turn, con-
sumers rejected it.
Too weird?
Stories like this are surprisingly common.
Although innovation is critical to economic
growth and societal progress, novel prod-
ucts too rarely succeed. Even a single atyp-
ical feature is often enough for consumers to
reject something as too weird.
There have been countless examples of
such failures, ranging from Orbitz soda to
Fords Edsel.
Orbitz soda didnt catch on because
consumers felt uncomfortable drinking a
beverage with colourful edible candy balls
inside the bottle it looked like a lava lamp.
The Edsel was rejected by consumers
because of its odd body styling and unusual
push button start (sometimes what seems
strange is just ahead of its time).
We tend to resist products that fall too far
outside the familiar. As a result, even though
companies are constantly innovating, people
32 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
struggle to keep up with the many changes
that innovation can bring. This is a challenge
for innovators and entrepreneurs one
that can be met with a better understanding
of the psychology that underlies our natural
response to radical novelty.
Why the resistance?
In a series of recent studies, my co-authors
Theodore Noseworthy and Fabrizio Di
Muro and I investigated why this hap-
pens. At the risk of oversimplification, we
found that consumers tend to be curious
when products are different from what they
expect. However, when the new product
is extremely incongruent with what con-
sumers think is typical of the category, it
creates anxiety.
Consider, for example, replacing your
current coffee with one that has vitamins
added. That idea makes most people a little
uncomfortable. In our research, we didnt
just ask people how they felt, we evaluated
their reactions by measuring their pulse
one. Telling people that regular cola was
changes in the amount of secretion from
sweat glands).
The bottom line? They werent happy. natural spring water detail made it easier for
People get anxious when products are too
radically atypical.
That led us to test an idea we had about
how to improve consumer response to
extremely incongruent new products. In
a series of laboratory and field studies, we
demonstrated that companies could use
enablers to make new product designs
seem less radical.
In our research, an enabler was a product
feature that helped consumers make sense
of another, otherwise extreme, feature. For
example, we found that people were more
willing to accept vitamin-enriched coffee
that was coloured green.
Making products seem less radical
That might be surprising, because neither
vitamin-enriched nor green coffee sound
particularly appealing. But when they are
combined, the colour green helps people
make sense of the vitamins.
Basically, people tell themselves that this is
a different coffee subtype. It doesnt replace
or maybe even directly compare to regular
coffee; it is a category of its own, related to
regular coffee but also quite distinct. As a
result, people felt less anxious about the new
product.
We looked at other incongruent products,
but my favourite study revisited the classic
case of Crystal Pepsi.
To do so, we set up a taste-test booth at
the entrance to a busy mall just after a very
limited re-release of Crystal Pepsi (which, it
turns out, almost no one knew about).
We told our taste testers that this was a
new cola; we didnt want any bias to be
introduced by the Pepsi brand. And we
examined what people thought about the
regular cola (caramel-coloured Pepsi) versus
the clear cola (Crystal Pepsi).
Consistent with Crystal Pepsis original
market failure, people didnt like the clear
cola. But when we added an enabler,
things changed. Specifically, when we
enabled understanding of the clear colour
by telling people this cola was made with
natural spring water, they liked it a whole
lot more.
Spring water a game-changer
In fact, in that experimental situation, they
liked the clear cola as much as the regular
made with natural spring water had no
effect, but for the clear cola, adding that
them to make sense of the colour.
Many new products have features that
change the look and feel of a beloved
product in ways that may appear extremely
odd. As a result, these offerings often fail to
find a foothold with consumers.
For example, Renova sells toilet paper in
colours like black, brown and purple, which
people tend to find unappealing. One of
the largest milk producers in the United
Kingdom recently announced that it is
going to start making sparkling milk. Prior
attempts at similar beverages have failed, as
consumers tend to dislike carbonated milk.
Our findings reveal how minor design
or promotional changes can significantly
improve evaluations when it helps con-
sumers make sense of otherwise unap-
pealing innovations.
Thats not to say that we could turn
Crystal Pepsi into a billion-dollar brand,
but we have certainly found a way to make
what seems like an extremely weird product
much more attractive to consumers.
Kyle Murray is Professor of Marketing,
University of Alberta
Source: theconversation
Mosquitoes arent going away
Thats what 115 years of data tells scientists about battle with malaria
P
By Bob Snow
rofessor of Malaria Epidemiol-
ogy, Centre for Tropical Medi-
cine & Global Health, Nuffield
Department of Medicine, Uni-
versity of Oxford
Its difficult to accurately
measure the number of people who get
malaria each year. This is because the
malaria symptoms are shared with many
other diseases that lead to death or illness,
especially among young children.
However, there is a measure of malaria
that is precise. Testing for the malaria para-
site among large numbers of people pro-
vides a Parasite Rate, a useful measure of
the quantity of malaria in any given area.
Surveys are done on a known number
of people by malaria control programmes,
non-governmental organisations and
researchers. Although they dont tell us
how many people are sick, the number of
infected people in an area is indicated.
We spent the last 21 years tracking down
malaria survey reports done across Africa.
The greatest challenge was that they were
mostly hidden in old government archives
or curated by the World Health Organisa-
tion.
Most of the records were either poorly
stored, burnt or were missing. In some
countries like Kenya, Senegal, Tanzania,
South Africa, Botswana, Namibia and
Burkina Faso the surveys dated back 1950s.
Conversely, recent surveys have been easier
to locate through more modern web based
searches.
To obtain village or school level data pub-
lished in most journals or reports, scientists
and government officials provided the raw
data. This is a testament to a new era of data
sharing where over 800 people have con-
tributed finer resolution data.
The final report covers over 50,000
surveys dating back 115 years. This is the
largest repository containing information
on over 7.8 million blood tests for malaria.
We analysed malaria infection prevalence
for each of 520 administrative units across
countries south of the Sahara and Madagas-
car for 16 time periods.
The study suggests that the prevalence
of malaria infection in sub-Saharan Africa
today is at the lowest point since 1900.
Declining malaria cases
Overall, there was a decline in the num-
ber of children infected with malaria at 24%
between 2010 and 2015 compared to 40%
between 1900 and 1929.
The biggest historical reduction in
malaria coincided with the introduction
of new tools to fight malaria. After the
Second World War, the discovery of DDT
for indoor spraying and chloroquine drugs
made a difference in treating malaria.
Investment in malaria control in Africa
has been sporadic in the past. The world
has seen a reduction in malaria over the
last 15 years, based largely on the use of
treated bed nets and antimalarial drugs. If
we take our eye off the ball then rising drug
resistance and falling control will lead to the
sorts of increases we saw in the 90s.
Again, in 2005 the rolling out of insecti-
cide treated bed nets and new anti antima-
larial drugs, led to a further drop of malaria
cases.
The lowest periods of malaria prevalence
were evident when the international com-
munity abandoned specific malaria control
investment in Africa, during the late 1960s,
through the 1970s and early 1980s. As a
result, every fever was treated with chloro-
quine, an amazingly effective drug. There
was a prolonged drought across the Sahel.
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 33
health
This was the perfect lull.
However, from the late 1980s chloroquine
resistance expanded across Africa. It was
made worse in the 1990s when unprece-
dented rainfall led to flooding causing major
malaria epidemics. Governments in Africa
were unprepared because they did not have
significant mosquito prevention and man-
agement strategies in place. Malaria cases
increased and the prevalence was similar
to those described before the Second World
War. The perfect storm.
It took over five years for the international
community to appropriately respond by
providing free, and effective malaria treat-
ments to vulnerable persons in the affected
countries. They ensured access to effective
malaria prevention tools which a decade
earlier had reduced the malaria risk by half.
The Global Funds financial boost and the
revisions of the 2005 world malaria report
led to one of the largest drops in malaria
infection prevalence witnessed.
More effective strategies needed
The gains made after 2005 have stalled
since 2010. Declining malaria funding,
insecticide and drug resistance are the obvi-
ous threats to the elimination of malaria in
Africa.
Despite an impressive overall decline in
malaria prevalence since 1900, Africa has the
highest infection risks globally. Large parts
of West through to Central Africa and down
to Mozambique continue to have intense
malaria transmission.
Unfortunately DDT, new insecticides,
chloroquine and new combination treat-
ments and insecticide treated bed nets have
not been effective enough to shrink this high
malaria burden. We need new tools.
What next?
There is an urgent need to focus on the
high burden countries in Africa. They should
not be left behind in a new global agenda for
malaria elimination.
It is complex and predicting a future
malaria landscape based on climate or eco-
nomic development alone would be foolhar-
dy. It needs a more integrated approach.
What we can say however is that the
malaria map in Africa might shrink a bit at
the margins but that middle belt isnt going
anywhere in our lifetimes with what we
have at our disposal now bed nets and
drugs.
When insecticide and drug resistance
becomes established, unless we have new
classes of both drugs and insecticides or a
natural period of drought, malaria will revert
in large parts of Africa to what it was in the
1990s; another perfect storm.
Bob Snow is professor of Malaria
Epidemiology, Centre for Tropical Medicine
& Global Health, Nuffield Department of
Medicine, University of Oxford
34 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
Funny people are
more intelligent
By Lowri Dowthwaite
A
lbert Einstein attributed his
brilliant mind to having a
child-like sense of humour.
Indeed, a number of studies
have found an association between
humour and intelligence.
Researchers in Austria recently dis-
covered that funny people, particu-
larly those who enjoy dark humour,
have higher IQs than their less funny
peers. They argue that it takes both
cognitive and emotional ability to
process and produce humour. Their
analysis shows that funny people
have higher verbal and non-verbal
intelligence, and they score lower in
mood disturbance and aggressive-
ness.
Not only are funny people smart,
theyre nice to be around. Evidence
suggests that having a good sense of
humour is linked to high emotional
intelligence and is a highly desirable
quality in a partner. Evolutionary
psychologists describe humour as a
heritable trait that signals mental
fitness and intellectual agility to pro-
spective mates. In studies of attrac-
tiveness, both men and women rate
funny people as more attractive, and
cite having a good sense of humour
as being one of the most important
traits in a long-term partner.
In psychology we use the term
positive humour style to refer to
people who use humour to enhance
relationships and reduce conflict.
This type of humour is associated
with relationship satisfaction, extro-
version and high self-esteem Having
a humorous outlook on life is also a
good coping strategy. It helps people
better manage stress and adversity.
More negative humour styles,
such as sarcasm, ridicule and self-
defeating humour, do not offer the
same benefits. Instead, they tend to
alienate people and are more often
associated with depressed mood and
aggression.
Not only do funny people make
other people laugh, they also laugh
more themselves. And neurobiology
shows that laughter leads to brain
changes, which may explain the link
between humour and intelligence.
Neuropsychological studies have
found that experiencing positive
emotional states, such as joy, fun and
happiness, increases the production
of dopamine in the brain. Dopamine
not only make us feel great, it also
opens up the learning centres of the
brain, which enables and sustains
more neural connections. As a result,
we become more flexible and creative
in our thinking, and better at solving
problems. It also boosts our working
memory.
Humour for success
Evidence suggests that humour
actually boosts perceptions of con-
fidence, competence and status,
making funny people very influen-
tial. Humour gets people to listen,
helps communicate messages and
aids learning. It is a powerful tool
that many successful leaders use to
enhance group cohesiveness and
organisational culture. Studies of
positive organisations suggest the
more fun we have at work the more
productive we are, and the less likely
we are to suffer burn-out.
The broaden and build theory
also supports the idea that experi-
encing positive emotions through
humour actually alters our thoughts,
actions and physiological responses.
It creates a virtuous circle effect that
enhances well-being.
Research on the use of humour in
education also supports the notion
that humour is an effective aid to
learning. Several studies have dem-
onstrated that lessons that are deliv-
ered with humour are more enjoy-
able for students, and also enhance
students comprehension and recall of
the topic.
Given the host of benefits that
being funny brings, perhaps we
could all benefit from joining a stand-
up comedy workshop. It seems like
the smart thing to do.
Lowri Dowthwaite is lecturer in
Psychological Interventions, University
of Central Lancashire
ART | BOOKS | SOCIETY | TRAVEL | CULTURE

K
By Dominic Muwanguzi

ampala the capi-

tal of Uganda is
a city synony-
mous with ever
mushrooming
enterprises and
growing population. This duo
surge has had consequences,
including a haphazard land-
scape and scenery. In the eyes
of artists like George Kyeyune,
Ismael Kateregga and Clifford
Kibuuka, the chaotic scenes and
frenzied atmosphere are figura-

Kampalas chaotic
tive representations of the social
and economic connotations like
poverty, women empower-
ment, and corruption that are

landscape through
vividly captured in their draw-
ing.
In George Kyeyunes exhi-
bition, `The Kampala I will

the eyes of artists

Always go back to (2015), the
artist suggested that Kampala
is a city filled with energy and
creativity in spite of the eco-
nomic hardships that prevail.
His paintings of road-side
vendors selling roasted maize
and plantain (Ggonjja) on bra-
ziers (Ssigiri) and boda-boda
motor-cyclists ferrying passen-
gers evoke the day-to-day eco-
nomic struggles of urbanites.
On the other hand, the rather
nostalgic oil paintings conjure
the current social terrain where
there has been a shift in the
roles played by the woman in
the home.
In the present day; especially
in urban centres, women are
increasingly being seen leav-
ing their homes and going out
to work; a departure from the
traditional norms of African
society. This cultural alterna-
tion is mainly attributed to the
increasing demands of contem-
porary society and the crusade
for women emancipation.
The realistic depiction by
Ismael Kateregga of hovels as
dwelling for urbanites within
and outside the city is a meta-
phor economic strife that has
dominated Uganda in recent
years.
Paintings like Kibuye Market
with shacks littered across the
railway line suggest wallowing
poverty and corruption that
has stifled economic progress
for the locals. In spite the city
authoritys intervention to
demolish such settlements in
the past these have kept re-
merging; a sign of persistence
by the traders to eke a liv-
ing in such brutal situations.
The ruthless eviction of the
merchants from these sites
symbolizes the violet nature
of the state and lack of respect
for the tax-payers. Kateregga
also responds to the innovative
nature of Kampalans by paint-
ing Boda-boda cyclists. The
cyclists are a regular sight in the
city and are an easy alternative
to the nauseating traffic on the
city narrow roads while also
providing employment for
many young people.
Kampalas chaotic character
is well- captured in Clifford
Kibuukas series of paintings
Kampala at Night that show-
case boxy and shanty settle-
ments crammed together with
interplay of light and darkness
randomly distributed on can-
vas.
The haphazard construction
on canvas conjures the untidy
nature of the city with struc-
tures overlapping each other
and several in road-reserves.
The failure by the city authority
to regulate this confusion rep-
resents the corrupt tendency of
the organisation and the overall
despotic nature of the regime.
This dilemma inspires the
present day aggression by the
habitants towards the state with
a belief that this hostility will
reverse the trend of poverty
and exploitation. Nevertheless,
the poor are happy in
Kampala like Kyeyune
suggested in `The Kampala I
will Always go back to.

Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 35

Dont believe those jet Instagram photos
Inspired by popular Insta-
gram accounts like Rich Kids
of Instagram or Luxury Kids
of Instagram, as well as social
media stars like Gianluca Vachi
and Dan Bilzerian, people who
cant actually afford to fly on
private jets are renting them
on the ground for professional
photo shoots, just so they can
post their own lavish lifestyle
photos on Instagram.
Just because they dont have
tens of thousands of dollars to
Would you take garlic coffee?
When you think about
coffee alternatives, garlic
is probably one of the last
things that come to mind,
but that exactly the ingredi-
ent that one Japanese inven-
tor used to create a drink
that looks and tastes like
coffee. 74-year-old Yokitomo
Even rich cry; ask Saudi king!
Saudi Arabias King Salman
bin Abdulaziz al-Saud likes to
travel in style and make waves.
When he went to Indonesia,
he travelled with 800 delegates
and 620 members of staff.
In 2015, he closed a French
Riviera beach for three days and
had a lift put in so he could go
straight to the sand.
And in Japan, he drove
around in style, in 500
limousines for himself and
his entourage. On all these
occasions, he travelled smoothly
on his private golden jet and
disembarked on his golden
escalator. So, it is not surprising
36
spend on renting a private jet
doesnt mean they cant make
their social media friends turn
green with envy. They are now
renting a luxurious Gulfstream
G650 aircraft for a couple of
hours and having a team of
professional photographers and
makeup artists create the illu-
sion that they are actually living
a life of luxury. They then post
the photos on Instagram and sit
back as their friends and fans
drool over them.
Shimotai, a coffee shop own-
er, claims that his unique
garlic coffee is the result of
a cooking blunder he made
over 30 years ago, when he
burned a steak and garlic
while aiting tables at the
same time. Intrigued by the
scorched garlics aroma, he
that when things did not go
smoothly on a recent visit
to Moscow, it was big news.
Apparently his golden escalator
stopped working when the
King was barely a third of the
way down, as he tried to leave
his private golden jet. What
a nightmare. But the king
managed to keep calm and after
waiting what probably felt like
an age, he descended by foot,
on what were now just some
fancy steps. According news
reports, the king was landing in
Moscow to discuss a $3.5billion
arms deal with the Kremlin.
Kick the pet out,
mashed it up with a spoon get a tail-wagging
and mixed it with hot water.
The resulting drink looked robot instead
and tasted a lot like coffee.
Making a mental note of his If you sometimes feel
discovery, Yokimoto carried the need to stroke a pet,
on with his job, and only but dont actually want
started researching garlic the responsibilities that
coffee again after he retired come with owning a pet,
this tail-wagging robot
pillow is probably just
Varsity requires what youve been waiting
for.
students to lose Developed by Japanese
company Yukai Engineer-
weight to pass ing Co, Qoobo is a two-
pound robotic pillow that
In an sits on your lap and wags
attempt to its fluffy tail when you
tackle obesity pet it. Thats all it does,
on its campus, but then again, thats
a university in all the interaction some
Jiangsu, Chi- people want. Some people
na, is offering just want to stroke their
overweight pet and see them wag-
students ging their tail. And thats
the chance where Qoobo comes in.
to enroll in
a special weight-loss program,
where they will receive their
grades based on how much
weight they shed and on how well
they do in class.
Sixty per cent of each students
grade is determined by how much
weight they lose in a set period of
time, with their curricular activity
only accounting for 40 percent of
the total score. Students enrolled
in the program have to lose at
least 7 percent of their original
weight by the end of the semester
in order to receive full grades.
By motoring Guru
It used to be that the
backseat was considered
safest in any car. Normal-
ly it was compared with
the front and the risk
cards were stacked clear
against the front.

O
f course, even back
then, it was not sci-
entifically correct
that the back win-
dow seat was safest. That prize
belonged to the middle-middle
seat.
But, ironically, that MM-seat
was and possibly remains the
most detested by both adults
and children.
Part of the reason for this of
course is the floor hump.
Then scientific research on
the issue stepped in. It indi-
cated that in crashes, the back-
seat was 60-90% safer than the
front seat; which was expected.
However, the research also
showed something many did
not expect; that the middle seat
is 25% safer than the window
seats in the back.
The middle seat is safest
because it offers the most dis-
tance, also called the crump
zone, from impact during a

Safest seat in car;

collision. So in case of an acci-
dent, the outer seat usually
takes most of the impact while
the middle seat remains rela-

tively untouched.
When the National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA) of America and the
American Academy of Pediat-
rics (AAP) did studies on the
safest place for a child seat, the
middle seat turned out to be
the safest for them.
Since then, it has been
almost a motor vehicle indus-
try recommendation that all
children, meaning everyone
below teenage, to ride in the
back ideally in the center.
The safest way to do this is to
ensure that the said middle car
seat has full 3-point seat belt
(rather than just a lap belt).
But all this convention wis-
dom has shifted slightly recent-
ly, partly because of the work
that manufacturers have been
it's surprising!
putting in to ensure greater
rider safety.
Safety accessories like air
bags, better utilisation of
crumple zones, and use of
advanced seat belts have made
the front seat quite safe. There
are now front air bags, side air
bags and knee air bags.
Over the same period, very
little innovation has gone into
making the rear seat safer. So
guess what? The rear is no
longer the safest place to be
in a car in a crash, especially
for an adult. Whether one is
injured, killed, or walks away
unscathed in an accident
depends on many variables
including nature of the
accident, speed of the vehicle,
and type of vehicle involved.
But for children, the back
remains the safest place to ride.
Today, however, adults aged
55 years and older, even those
using seat belts, are more likely
to die in a crash while seated in
the back than in the front.
Researchers say adults in
the back seat are more likely
to sustain chest injuries,
generally. Women in back are
more likely to sustain head
and neck injuries than those in
front.
Part of the reason for this
is that back-seat passengers
tend not to buckle up as
consistently as those in
front. In turn this may
be because the belts on
back seats are not as well
designed as those in front.
The back seat belts are less
comfortable.
Seat belts are an important
because, in case of a crash,
they minimize the risk of
someone being thrown out
of the car.

Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017 37

Profile
Vicky Namuyanja:
Ugandas pool queen
By Agnes E Nantaba
V
icky Namuyanja
is a well-known
face in Ugandas
sports arena as
a champion in the rare
game of female pool.
She started competitive
and professional pool in
2009 and is currently the
only two time winner of
the Pool Queen title; the
highest in ranking for
Ugandas womens pool
league. Her latest was in
2016, a title that she still
holds. She has been on
the national pool team for
the last five years.
She was the East Africa
Ladies Champion 2015
and African Team cham-
pion with Team Uganda
in 2014. She is also one
of only four ladies in
Uganda to ever break
and finish a competitive
frame without giving the
opponent any chance to
play.
Numuyanja says she
forayed in ladies pool out
of admiration.
I admired the game
but was scared to break
into something that most
people around me never
seconded to take on, she
says.
So she trained and
played secretly without
mother being aware. But
the cat was let out of the
bag when her trainer con-
vinced her to take part
in a tournament. It was a
skills test and Namuyanja
recalls being intimidated
by the prospect of facing
off with one of the senior
female pool players at
the time. In the end she
did not go beyond the
first game but trainer was
impressed with the skill
she displayed. They fixed
38 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
the gaps and Namuyanja
was soon winning tro-
phies. When she started
winning prize money,
she felt it was time to
come out. With her
mother, Sylvia Kaggwas
support now, she went
professional.
In 2009, her first
attempt was at Spice
shortly before crossing to
Hot Pool for three years.
It was that here she even-
tually emerged Ladies
league runner up in
2012. She then joined
Skin Samona on
a three year
contract. She
has won many
trophies at
Skin Samona,
including being
crowned Pool
Queen Cham-
pion 2014 and
Ladies League
champion 2015.
At the beginning
of 2017, she joined
CKI pool team.
Namuyanja is not
happy that unlike in
other countries where
the pool game is highly
sponsored and profes-
sionalized, Ugandas pool
is still struggling. But
she is optimistic as more
sponsors come on board
to boost professionalism.
Her mission, however, is
to increase the number of
professional female pool
players. Currently there
are just 64 and Namuy-
anja wants to train female
youngsters to make the
game more competitive.
So far she has two girls.
From my obser-
vation, they will
turn out to be some
of the best players
in the country, she
says of her charges.

Vicky Namuyanjas Liteside
Any three things we dont
I
know about you?
have been a dynamic
pool player for
sometime so not so
much is unknown
about me. However, I pride
in being a mother to two
boys all of whom I have
had as an active player.
What is your idea of
perfect happiness?
For me, there is no fun
time like family time and
winning a pool game.
What is your greatest fear?
While some people
consider me to be fierce,
I am scared of physical
assault or battering.
Even for the pool games,
sometimes, fear for the
opponent overshadows but
I strive to overcome it along
the way.
What is the trait you most
deplore in yourself?
I dont like the fact that
sometimes I fail to control
my emotions which may
block the way for greater
happiness.
What is the trait you most
deplore in others?
I cant stand two-faced
people.
Which living person do
you most admire?
I may not know much
about her but I admire Zari
Hassan and the way she
lives her life. Often times,
she has remained strong
even during times which
may seem so low for others.
I also admire Black Sheep
and Nicole Mackenzie as
very good Pool players.
What is your greatest
extravagance?
That has to do with
spending on my children
and mother. What or who is the greatest
What is your current state
of mind?
I am happy.
What do you consider the
most overrated virtue?
Debating about politics
has become the order of
the day amongst Ugandans
without being mindful
of the fact that we may
have little to do with
changing things in such an
environment where there is
no freedom of expression.
What does being powerful
mean to you?
Power has an element
to do with standing the
test of time and eventually
emerging victorious.
On what occasion do you
lie?
Of recent, my lies tend
to bend more towards
time keeping during
tournaments. In a bid to allow for it.
maintain concentration,
I tend to throw in a lie;
especially when I fail to
make it on time.
What do you most dislike
about your appearance?
The protruding tummy wasnt for the pool game.
bothers me a lot.
Which living person do
you most despise?
I may not be in position
to disclose him but I
despise his inability to
grant others an opportunity
to lead the race.
What is the quality you
most like in a man?
Humility, God fearing
and hardworking.
What is the quality you
most like in a woman?
Soft spoken, God fearing
and hardworking.
love of your life?
Having my mother and
two sons are the best things
that have ever happened
to me.
When and where were you
happiest?
In 2009, when I first won
the Easter Cup tournament.
I also worked hard coupled
with praying day and night
to win the Pool Queen title
of 2014. It was a very big
achievement that I always
looked forward to.
I was happy being
crowned Pool Queen for
the second time in 2016 a
title that I still hold until
the league is closed. It is
not easy to emerge the best
from 64 professional female
pool players.
Which talent would you
most like to have?
I was once good at
football but time may not
What do you consider your
greatest achievement?
Everything I have is fruit
of the sweat from playing
pool. I dont think that I
would come this far if it
regret?
Where would you most
like to live?
I love Uganda for being
home but wouldnt mind
travelling elsewhere for
adventure.
What is your most
treasured possession?
I treasure the medals and
other gifts I have earned
from pool. They stand out
as evidence for my efforts
in the game.
What do you regard as the
lowest depth of misery?
Poverty to an extent of
Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
Q&A
not being able to afford a
meal a day or even basic
health care.
What is your favorite
occupation?
Basing on what I have
earned from playing pool,
it still ranks as my best
occupation.
What do you most value in
your friends?
There is friendship
earned through the game of
pool but I value loyalty and
truthfulness in friendship.
Who is your hero of
fiction?
The Rock in Furious 7
was an all round star who
portrayed several images.
Which historical figure do
you most identify with?
I admired the life and
times of AIGP Felix
Kaweesi for his humility
and interaction with all
classes of people. He
painted a new image
for community policing.
Nelson Mandela was
a great fighter for the
freedom of the black race.
What is your greatest
When I first confirmed
the pregnancy for my first
child, as a young girl, I was
almost led into termination
but after birth, he turns out
to be the most loved. Other
regrets dont measure up to
the extent of being dwelled
on.
How would you like to
die?
I dont want to fall sick
for long but go peacefully
in my sleep.
What is your motto?
We can all achieve with
self belief.
39
Global comment
By Asit K. Biswas and Kris Hartley
Chinas foreign aid model
It has the opportunity, tools, and experience to lift
thousands out of extreme poverty globally
I
n September, the Bill & Melinda Gates
Foundation released a status report
tracking progress on the United Nations
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
The data, which were meant to highlight
efforts to eradicate extreme poverty and
reduce premature deaths, was also intended
to cajole. Countries can, and must, do more
to address the global development chal-
lenges that the planet collectively faces, the
report concluded.
No country was singled out in the
Gates report for its potential to restore the
worlds commitment to development.
Rather, leaders everywhere bear respon-
sibility for ensuring that the SDGs are met
by 2030. But we believe there is one country
that can do more than others to build the
world envisaged by the SDGs: China.
Two years into the SDG program, inter-
national development is at a crossroads.
The United States, long the torchbearer of
foreign aid, is retreating; so is Europe (albeit
to a lesser extent). But China, with its newly
articulated global ambitions, has an oppor-
tunity to reinvigorate the conception and
delivery of humanitarian assistance.
Adopted by the UN General Assembly
in 2015, the SDGs outline a vision for global
development that targets poverty, educa-
tion, public health, inequality, sustainability,
and climate action over the next 15 years.
It presents a broad vision for development,
whereby issues once viewed as country-
specific are treated as challenges for the
entire world to tackle collectively. By con-
trast, the Millennium Development Goals,
which ended in 2015, were more narrowly
focused, and primarily targeted at issues
affecting poor countries.
But the Gates study suggests that some
of the SDG targets are already in jeopardy.
For example, the health goal (SDG 3), which
includes a target for eliminating prevent-
able deaths among newborns and children,
is unlikely to be achieved in the allotted
timeframe. At the current pace, mortality
reduction in South Asia and Africa will not
be realised until mid-century.
Clearly, more investment is needed glob-
ally in the types of interventions that have
proven effective locally. Ethiopias Health
Extension Worker program and Malawis
Health Surveillance Assistant program have
40 Oct 27 -Nov 02, 2017
been proven to reduce child mortality. Aid
dollars should be earmarked to help pro-
grams like these expand to other regions.
Instead, the opposite is happening. The
growing isolationism associated with the
populist backlash around the world is hav-
ing severe consequences for foreign assis-
tance. According to the OECD, bilateral aid
to the worlds least-developed countries fell
by nearly 4% in 2016. This is an alarming
drop for these countries, given that official
development assistance (ODA) accounts for
more than two thirds of the aid they receive.
The U.S, which remains the worlds larg-
est donor for nutrition programs and for
maternal and child health initiatives, is lead-
ing the funding retreat. President Donald
Trumps 2017 budget proposal includes a
staggering 45% cut to funding by the US
Agency for International Development for
water and sanitation projects, a 26% cut to
global health funding, and the elimination
of funds for family planning. While it is
not clear whether Congress will support
Trumps budget request, which would
amount to billions of dollars in lost aid,
even a minor reduction in U.S. aid spending
would hurt many of the worlds poorest.
The U.S. is not alone in its foreign aid
retrenchment. The European Unions 2018
draft budget proposes a 90 million ($106
million) cut to development spending,
while Austria, Germany, and Italy have all
diverted development assistance budgets
towards migration crises viewed as immi-
nent national security threats. These are
troubling trends, because private philan-
thropy cannot replace aid withdrawn by
governments.
The world needs a new champion for
international development, and China
should assume the role. With weaken-
ing ODA commitments from traditional
donors, China has a chance to lead in
human development, poverty alleviation,
and public health spending.
It is true that Chinas aid model differs
from the Wests. Europe and the US have
historically focused on funding health care
and education initiatives, while encourag-
ing civil-society growth and participation.
China, on the other hand, grants aid on a
bilateral basis, and has typically targeted its
funding toward infrastructure projects. But
Chinese leaders have also recently shown
interest in aid to strengthen civil society and
improve livelihoods.
Although Chinese ODA is still a fraction
of what OECD countries spend, China has
signaled its interest in becoming a develop-
ment leader, especially in the health sector.
At the 2015 UN Sustainable Development
Summit in New York, China pledged $2
billion to help implement the SDG agenda,
and Chinas flagship Belt and Road Initia-
tive includes health cooperation as part of
its proposed strategy. In 2014, China also
committed $47 million to help contain the
Ebola outbreak in West Africa. While that
was significantly lower than the U.S. pledge
of $1.8 billion, China was among the fastest
to deliver on its commitment.
Chinas geopolitical and economic influ-
ence is growing, and so, too, must its role in
promoting international peace and devel-
opment. Skepticism about Chinas devel-
opment intentions will no doubt emerge,
given Chinas political and ideological dif-
ferences with the West. But the skepticism
could yield positive results, especially if it
prompts Western powers to reevaluate their
foreign aid retreat.
Even if it does not, China has the tools to
become a leader in international develop-
ment. And, having lifted some 470 million
of its own citizens out of extreme poverty
between 1990 and 2005, it also has the
experience. But, more than anything, China
now has the political opportunity. As the
US and Europe turn inward, ensuring the
SDGs success will increasingly depend on
encouraging and becoming accustomed
to Chinese leadership.
Asit K. Biswas is a visiting professor at
the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy,
National University of Singapore. Kris
Hartley is a lecturer in public policy at the
University of Melbourne and a non-resident
fellow at the Chicago Council on Global
Affairs.
Copyright: Project Syndicate, 2017.
www.project-syndicate.org
Celebrating


INSIDE: BUSINESS
Economic
POLITICS: Godber SUDAN: Matthew Musevenis vision
GOVERNANCE: FEATURE NEWS
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Poverty looms as
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New rules to force www.independent.co.ug

CNOOC, Total, Tullow

to reveal money paid
By Haggai Matsiko

Welcome
Inside the hunt
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Pope
for Al Shabaab
INTERVIEW NEWS ANALYSIS BUSINESS
Land grabbers
50 years of Joy & tears
All Makerere money Crane Bank

A SPECIAL INVESTIGATION
should be put in
one basket for
better staff pay
hit Entebbe






















opens Malaba
Branch
Shs 234 Bn brewery opens
INSIDE: Prof. Frederick Jjuko, Prof.Daniel Schydlowsky, Prof. John Ssali, Lawrence Kagwa, Mayanja Nkangi, Prof.
Mwambutsya Ndeebesa, Godber Tumushabe, Maj. John Kazoora, Yoga Adhola, Eliya Kisembo, Andrew Mwenda, Abbey
Francis
Ssemuwemba, Naomi Wolf, Simon Mayende, Moses Byaruhanga, Moses Matovu, Diplock Ssegawa, Ronald Kerajo 27: 11: 2015
By Andrew M. Mwenda THE ANNIVERSARY EDITION

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INTERVIEW INSIGHT BUSINESS NEWS ANALYSIS TRIBUTE: BUSINESS
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speech was thin but UCC says new
track- IMF on substance law will compel
Day in
pictures
Mazrui
Feb.24 1933 to
Shs 366
billion

Musevenis war within NRM

RWANDA: 37 men SUDAN: What are the COMMENT Prof. SPECIAL REPORT: SUDAN:INew BUSINESS: With RWANDA: SUDAN:Recent violence BUSINESS: Oct.13, 2014
accused of grenade implications for the Ian Buruma on Killed by the state currency still govt broke, oil Rwanda becomes in Abyei has potential Mobile money:
attacks are alleged ongoing stalemate in why Obama has at Kololo army base, shrouded in firms gain upper a Nyakatsiless to spark a wider north- So far so good,
FDLR agents Darfur? gotten it right buried in secret grave secrecy hand country south conflict but





 








INDEPENDENT INDEPENDENT INDEPENDENT
THE
THE

THE

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You Buy the Truth, We Pay the Price
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Supplement
Uganda Health system
strengthening project
scholarships

Tight budget
scheme

The challenge behind the 2012/13 numbers What next

Banks make for Afande
Lord Mayor huge profits Kaweesi?
Lukwago 


  
Police boss Kayihuras
The Field Commander 


 

brings common mans Crane Bank


 
approach to the city billion

Besigye pays the price

FDC leader unleashes powerful strategy against Museveni

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RWANDA: SUDAN:IDanger of NEWS: Budget reading Economic turbulence War looms large in
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Can its economy NGOs providing basic Whistleblower is ritual of same wont shake the South Kordofan,
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ROAD TO 2016 NEWS ANALYSIS BUSINESS
Richard Byarugaba Dont BoU committed
spiraling birth rate? 90% of the country ring inside tax body on reducing NSSF politicise `The country Foreign
suspense account fight against
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EU to lead new UN
energy initiative World Paul Kagame, Yoweri Museveni, Barack Obama, Uhuru Kenyatta, Goodluck is about to be
plunged
TV wins
to ensuring
economic

INDEPENDENT
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mourns Gerald Ssendaula, Pope Francis, Andrew Mwenda, Yusuf Sserunkuma,
Rebecca Kadaga, Kintu Musoke, Norbert Mao, Paul Kawanga Ssemwogerere,
into chaos stability
THE

Mandela
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Amama Mbabazi, Ruhakana Rugunda, Prince William...
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SUPPLEMENT:

Kayihura sacks
BUJAGALI LINE

Land grabbing,
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COMMISSIONED
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top police officers investors exposed

Museveni reacts, Oxfam, Uganda
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2016
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Security experts

Walk www.independent.co.ug
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Corruption in
RWANDA
Rwandas
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NEWS ANALYSIS
Unwanted
INTERVIEW
Politics should
BUSINESS
In-flight catering
raise alarm over






to war
High costs threaten comes of age
low cost housing investors be a sacrifice -
F
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Uganda business capital sector
Making resource
rich regions Dr Ian Clarke Wining but not winning, yet
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INTERVIEW:
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RWANDA:
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American companies make?
inflows firm Rwanda targets medical tourism become food poor
ti
topple the govt - the rise in the EACs volatile governor on
Public anger greets Kabushenga cleanest country? vote
Museveni even
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before he is swornin
INDEPENDENT Nelson
THE

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Mandela
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learn Police Force
1918-2013
Uganda, Sudan How Monitor was






SUDAN:
South Sudans
COMMENT: Onyango-
Obbo: Museveni won
BUSINESS:
Ugandan business SPECIAL REPORT: RWANDA: INTERVIEW:
Cut down on
ICC trial looms over Special Commemorative Issue

closed, re-opened
From bitter rivals

enter arms race

How Musevenis

Kayihura, Kivejinja
free or fearful because he is bad, not women coming teargas and
good president into their own success is creating to friends - how
press? conditions for Kagame and increase teachers
his downfall Sarkozy reconciled pay- Prof. Kajubi

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Museveni doubles military expenditure, The Inside Story www.independent.co.ug





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Makerere
Issue 295 copy peter new.indd 1 12/10/13 4:04 PM
Central Bank Ministers Bank profit

Inside Umeme




to investigate have become delight
Was it under fire MTN too lazy
Big regional trade boost
News analysis
Besigye gains in the east, 


 

Interview
WFP launches
Business
Low tea price EAC Top donor

bought Museveni sweeps the north related violence 
 

worries aid recipients

shares deal
Universitys problems go beyond












or stolen? pay and strikes



 


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Electricity sector


 






Politicians battle over  


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Sejusas money, investor

 
 
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arrest
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NEWS ANALYSIS: Are government INTERVIEW NEWS ANALYSIS BUSINESS

HEALTH NEWS ANALYSIS BUSINESS

INTERVIEW: officials are lying on oil? Telecom fees to drop Health Spying Imperial Banks
Grounds exist for Museveni financial woes
Museveni is in REGIONAL: UNHCRs direction affirms Rwandas a rebellion - Col. insurance's on wrong
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Tsunami Felix Kulayigye Besigye gaining threaten car market
BUSINESS: Greasy path for Ugandas oil industry

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Fight over
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Why is Museveni
Fina M
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building regions nc inis

strongest army? oil pipeline STOP PRESS
World shocked as
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Bad debts
relee qu try of
asesarte
r IV
NEWS ANALYSIS FOREIGN PRESS
UNEB In Uganda,
BUSINESS
Unhoused
News analysis
Musevenis bread and bullets
Health
Unease as only cancer treatment
Business

 

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Uganda outspends Kenya on military 
 


 
down Daily Monitor
choking banks experiment its bust generation 


 machine breaks down investor quits 


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Experts warn banks
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Tenant versus landlord
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Uganda: Defense Kenya: Defense

Tinyefuza Fallout Jennifer
Musisi
expenditure 2011 expenditure 2011
US$1.02 billion. US$735 million.

Museveni intervenes in
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Israel arms dealer case under siege
INTERVIEW NEWS ANALYSIS BUSINESS Concern over private
BUSINESS: PERSPECTIVE: Oil-bribes scandal agencies using security After Museveni, Kampala
Behind the
in historical perspective Lukwago Kyambogo EACs monetary
union minister, MPs, Lukwago spell
scenes at
By Andrew Mwenda
on Museveni
Universitys Mr. Fix it
Prof. Ndiege seeks to reconcile an of the unequal in turf wars out terms of engagement
Muhairwes exit and Musisi 





Time to eat, travel less

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News analysis Health Business
Issue No. 294 December 06 - 12, 2013 Ushs 5000, Kshs 200, RwF 1500, SDP 8 Massacre on IGG Mulyagonja launches 
 


 
 





Masaka road 







 





 
  



Museveni, Besigye Museveni Vs Mbabazi www.independent.co.ug

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need to talk 














Experts warn of explosion if they dont 





 

  
 News analysis

 


  
Eastern DR Congo
erupts again
Health
 


 

skin bleaches
Business
Stanbic Banks
  
 
Social
 
 



pounce
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Top lawyers reveal details
of land grab plot

 






 



 
over Karuma, Isimba






 

Muloni, Kabagambe

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AmAzing
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Years of telling a story