VGF Fuel Systems

VGF G, GSID, GL, GLD

No Prechamber
 Fuel
Regulators
Fisher 66, 66Z,
S201, Y692
(replaced S211
mid 1998).
IMPCO Maxitrol
RV91, 110, 131.
 IMPCO 400VF3
Used on inline VGFs,
replacing IMPCO 200D
Varifuel design.
 IMPCO
Vari-fuel
Replaceable gas valve
& seat.
Used on standard &
Draw Thru carburetion
systems (VSG, VGF,
VHP, AT).

Antifriction guide
bushings.
 IMPCO Diaphragm

Air/Gas Valve Spring

Assembly

Mixture Adjustment
Screw
 Servicing
Diaphragm condition?
Proper spring?
Oil carryover?
Rusty spring?
Correct fuel valve?
Loose fuel valve?
Air-fuel valve
assembly worn?
Inline Engines Use Fuel Line Orifice
Two Sizes
Only used in F18
and H24 engines
with Impco 200D
carburetors
Orifices are
directional
 IMPCO 200 Air Bleed Screw

Not used.
Turn fully
in (rich).
L36/P48GL IMPCO 600 VFI
 Function of Throttle ?

Carburetor
Throttle
 Intake Manifold High
Temperature Shutdown
High temperature
on GL/GLD
engines can
cause detonation.
See Service
Bulletin 1-2620B
 G/A Manometer
Connection Location?
 Intake Manifold vs. Boost
Boost
IMP
P

Atmospheric

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Load (approx. %)
 Intake Manifold vs. Boost
Gas

IMP
Boost P

Atmospheric

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Load (approx. %)
Fuel System Adjustment
 Emissions Evaluating Pollution
Equipment is Catalyst applications
Accuracy
Mandatory for: All GL engines
Optional Exhaust Thermocouples

Recommended for troubleshooting individual

cylinder misfires, etc.
 Exhaust Temperatures
Port Temperatures: All cylinders to be within a
75 F band.

Stack Temperature ( 75 F)

F18/H24G F18/H24GL, L36/P48GL,

GLD, GSID GLD, GSID
1010 865 800
1125 (GSID) 1050 (GSID)
 Carburetor % Dry Mass Excess
Model Setting CO O2 AFR Air ( )
Lowest
G IMP (BP) 1.10 0.30 15.5: 1 0.97
Equal CO
G & NOx 0.70 0.30 15.8: 1 0.98
Catalyst
G (3-way) 0.38 0.30 15.95: 1 0.99
Normal
G (BE) 0.20 2.40 18.0: 1 1.12
GL, Normal
GLD (HS Turbo) 0.04 7.80 24.5: 1 1.53
Catalyst
GSID (3-way) 0.35 0.18 15.95: 1 0.99
 Waukesha Knock
Index (WKI)

Replaces references to octane.

Calculated number based on fuel composition.
High WKI numbers = greatest resistance to
detonation (knock).
Accurately represents knock resistance.
 Typical VGF-GL Fuel
System Adjustment
For this example we will look at a low
compression ratio engine (F18GL or
H24GL) equipped with an Impco 400
carburetor and operating with commercial
quality natural gas
 VGF-GL Fuel
System Adjustment
(preliminary steps)
Verify that fuel pressure to the engine
mounted regulator is within specifications
(40 - 50 psi)
Verify that the governor linkage is free to
move and properly adjusted
Make all the necessary connections
(manometers and oxygen analyzer)
 VGF-GL Fuel
System Adjustment
(warnings)
Do not operate the engine with an air/fuel ratio
richer than specified; detonation may occur
Do not make fuel system adjustments without
monitoring oxygen levels
Eliminate cylinder misfires before adjusting the
fuel system (i.e. monitor individual cylinder
temperatures)
 VGF-GL Fuel
System Adjustment
Turn the carburetor mixture screw to
approximately two to three turns out
(CCW) from the fully-in position (CW)
At idle speed and no load, adjust the
gas regulator to obtain a gas/air
pressure of 3 1.0 of water column
 VGF-GL Fuel
System Adjustment
At 2/3 load (about 7 - 9 of Hg), adjust the
mixture screw to obtain 7.8 0.5% exhaust
oxygen (O2) (CCW rich, CW lean). Remember,
no misfires
At rated load, verify G/A pressure and readjust
if necessary
Rotate the mixture screw to obtain 7.8 0.1%
exhaust oxygen (O2) (or value shown on
engine nameplate
 F18/H24 GL AFR Tracking
12
Lean
10
Exhaust O2 (%)

8 7.8 % Correct AFR

Tracking
6
Incorrect
4 (high G/A)
2
Rich
0
Idle 25 50 75 100
Load (%)
 F18/H24 GL AFR Tracking
12
Lean
10
Exhaust O2 (%)

Correct AFR
8 7.8 %
Tracking
Incorrect
6
(high G/A)
4 Extrapolated
(too lean)
2
Rich
0
Idle 25 50 75 100
Load (%)
Fuels Contaminants
Particles Wear

Oil Deposits, carb &

carry-over reg problems
Liq H2O Fouling,
deposits
Glycol Wear, reduced
lubrication
BothIMPCO & Deltec Fuel
Systems are Used
P48GLD (Deltec)
 Deltec Fuel
Requires Fuel MAS
Shut-off.
Venturi

Air
 Zero
Pressure
Regulators
Used with Deltec
carburetors
Outlet: -1 to 2 in.
(-25 to 51mm) WC.
Fisher 66Z (inverted
& modified Fisher
S211 previously used).
Low Pressure Gauge for Deltec
Pressure may be as low
as 0.2 in. (5 mm) WC.
Coarse Upstream Mixture Valve
Coarse (initial)
adjustment of AFR
prior to carburetor
adjustment.
Located between
regulator and
carburetor.
Only for F18 and
H24GLD engines
with Impco 600D
F18/H24GLD
G/A
Connections

Upstream of
coarse AFR
adjustment valve.
 Deltec G/A Connections

F18GLD
Mass Air Fuel Ratio (AFR, A/F)
A ratio indicates proportions.
proportions
Stoichiometric (16.09 for NG).
Best Power: Max load/ response (15.5:1).
Equal NOx/CO: 15.9:1
Catalyst: Peak efficiency (15.95:1).
Best Economy: Max fuel efficiency (17-18:1).
Lean Burn (24.5-32:1; better emissions & fuel
economy compared to stoichiometric AFRs).
General Adjustment Steps -
Stoichiometric Engines
1) Set G/A pressure
5
2) Power mixture screw
4
to mid position. t
3 en
3) Full site speed/load. tm
2
us
4) Best Power setting or dj
1 A
5) Best Economy setting or
6) Catalyst setting
 CO/O2
vs. AFR
(G & GSID)
Typical Chart
for Setting O2
when using
Low Btu
Fuels
G/A for Low
Btu from
Chart(s)
This chart applies to
F18GLD, H24GLD,
L36GLD, P48GLD
with IMPCO 600
VF1 only.
Troubleshooting
 Hard Starting
With engine at rest, PSG
governor is at no fuel
position (inlines).
Butterfly must be
adjusted to specification
(typically 1 - 1 1/2 screw
turns open).
Hard Starting
Valve stem may
gaul in bushing.

Solution: clean the

valve stem and
bushing with emery
cloth.
Exhaust O2 Variation

Valve guide wear can cause

exhaust O2 variation ( 1%).
 Instability on GLs
Do not misadjust AFR rich to correct instability.
Rather, determine root cause of instability:
- mag drive
- poor ignition grounding (coils, etc.)
- spark plug type and gap setting
- Deltec venturi in combination with ZPR setting.
 Instability?

Use J Type,
Long Life,
Precious Metal
Plugs
Corrosion from Sulfur
Siloxane Deposits
Information
Sources
Service bulletins
Form 515 (fuel
system adjustments)
Glossary of Fuel Terms
Gaseous Fuel
Specification