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Poultry Diseases / Parasites

DISEASE Symptoms Transmission Treatment


Avian Influenza (all poultry) usually no symptoms, viral; transmission from wild eradication (to prevent, practice
(sometimes respiratory birds (esp water fowl), bird strict biosecurity measures)
problems); sudden death droppings, bird to bird

Blackhead (all poultry) decreased appetite, increased protozoan parasites in worms; sanitation, medication
thirst, droopiness, diarrhea, birds eat infected worms or soil
darkening of the head that contains it

Blue Comb or Turkey low appetite, lethargy, diarrhea, Viral; bird droppings eradication (to prevent, keep
Coronavirus (turkeys) death birds warm/dry
Bumblefoot (all poultry) hot swollen footpads, black or bacterial; enters the foot sanitation, medication
brown scabs on bottom of foot through a cut or scrape in skin
then walking on dirty wet
bedding
Botulism (all poultry) weakness, limp neck muscles, bacterial; consumption of clean/disinfect water & food
paralysis, death decaying matter like old, wet bowls regularly, remove rotten
food or decaying food scraps food, feed only clean, dry food

Coccidiosis (all poultry) pale droopy birds, diarrhea, protozoan parasites; contact sanitation, medication
huddling, foul odor with droppings

Duck Virus Enteritis or Duck diarrhea, thirst, hemmorrhages bird to bird, contaminated vaccination
Plague (ducks) throughout body, death water/food, infected litter

Duck Virus Hepatitis (ducks) sudden death Viral; bird droppings or in vaccination (to prevent, strict
brooder, affects ducks 2 days - 4 sanitation and practice
wks of age biosecurity measures)

Fowl Cholera (all poultry) swollen wattles, darkening of bacterial; bird droppings and eradication of infected birds &
head & unfeathered parts, contiminated bedding, feed, strict sanitation
difficulty breathing, lethargy, water
sudden death

Fowl Pox, Avian Pox (all lesions on comb, wattles, viral; bird to bird and by infected vaccination
poultry) mouth, throat; drop in egg misquitoes
production
Infectious Bronchitis (all respiratory distress like coughing viral; bird to bird vaccination
poultry) & gasping
Infectious Sinusitus (turkeys) swelling under the eye, will swell bacterial ( mycoplasma eradication (to prevent,
shut, coughing, sneezing, gallisepticum); bird to bird, vaccination & practice strict
stunted growth droppings, contaminated biosecurity measures)
materials, transmitted into eggs
from infected hens

Fowl Thyphoid (now mostly lethargy, yellow diarrhea, bacterial (salmonella strict sanitation, (to prevent,
chickens, has been found in sporadic mortality gallinarum); affects adult practice strict biosecurity
ducks/turkeys) birds,transmitted into eggs from measures)
infected hens or if adult chicken
eats eggs

Note: fowl typhoid & pullorum are closely related; you may see the names interchangeably
Pullorum/Bacillary White droopiness, white diarrhea, bacterial (salmonella pullorum); eradication (to prevent, practice
Diarrhea (now mostly pasted vent, affects birds up to 3 wks strict biosecurity measures)
chickens, has been found in old,transmitted into eggs from
ducks/turkeys) infected hens or cannibalism

PARASITES Symptoms Transmission Treatment


Ascarid, round worm droopiness, diarrhea, 1 1/2 birds eat worm eggs passed
inches to 3 inches long through bird droppings; worms
live in intestine but may migrate
into oviduct and become
incorporated into hen's egg

Cecal worms (all poultry) small white worms up to 1/2 birds eat worms in droppings or medication (levamisole &
inch, normally do not affect earthworms; cecal worms can fenbendazole)
bird's health themselves, but are contain bacteria that causes
carriers of bacteria blackhead

Lice (all poultry) small insects, 6 legs, larger than bird to bird dust or spray, strict sanitation
mites; look along shaft of
feather for insect, will lay eggs in
clusters

Mites (all poultry) very small insects, usually first bird to bird dust or spray, strict sanitation
around vent, then spreading to
comb, wattle, rest of bird

Thread worms, capallaria reduced growth, reduced egg worms lay eggs in esophagus preventative measures (clean
worms (all poultry) production, death; found in and are passed in droppings bedding, strict sanitation)
crop/esophagus

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