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The purpose of the study was to extract flavonoid compounds from the seeds
determine the presence of flavonoids in the extract. Lastly, the researchers check the
possible solvents that can be used for extraction of flavonoids. The researchers
extract. These tests are Shinodas test, Alkaline Reagent test, and Ferric chloride test.
As stated in the review of related literature, the tests conducted by the researchers will
The Shinoda test showed negative results for all of the solvent used. Shinoda
test is a test for the presence of flavones. If flavones are present in the extract, then
flavones are reduced to anthocyanidins under the Shinoda reaction conditions. The
conjugation in the resultant anthocyanidin shifts the color further out to the red region
of the visible spectrum. The Shinoda reaction condition is shown below as a reference
The researchers noticed no color red formation after performing the Shinoda test, thus
ruling the result as negative of flavones. This test is limited to determining the
presence of flavones in the extract. The following pictures will show the actual results
The second test performed by the researchers showed positive results for the
presence of flavonoid. All of the solvents used showed the same result. This test
though is not a test for a specific flavonoid compound. Flavonoids being tested in
extract contain polyphenolic molecules which are weakly acidic. When phenol is
reacted with aqueous NaOH, it gives a colorless solution which contains sodium
After performing the test, all of the test showed positive result. Yet the color
of the extract after performing the test varied. The extract with the solvent methanol
showed a yellow result. The shade of yellow of this result was not as bright as the
yellow produced by the extract which utilized the solvent ethanol. For the extract
which used distilled water as solvent, the color of the extract after the test was coffee-
color. The photos below will summarize the variations of color of the results of
Water)
Ferric Chloride test was the last test performed by the researchers. The results of the
test were also positive. After performing the test, instantaneously definite shade of
yellow color was produced. But minutes after, the yellow color of the extract was not
visible anymore. According to Sharma etal (2008), the yellow color of the solution in
this test is not permanent bur transient only. The photos below will show the yellow
Figure 5. Ferric Chloride Test (Left to right: Methanol, Ethanol, Distilled Water
The table below summarizes the results of the tests performed. The result with a
positive (+) sign shows that the test performed detected the presence of flavonoid
compounds in the extract. A negative (-) sign in the result means that the test
performed cannot detect flavonoid compounds. Table 1 summarizes the test results of