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PIPELINE
PipelineFreeSpanAnalysis
JANUARY31,2014|STEFANUSSETIAWAN|LEAVEACOMMENT
Pipelinefreespanscouldexistatirregularseabedterrainorfaultareas.Thebestwayisto
avoidfreespansbutifnotavoidable,itisnecessarytocheckiftheanticipatedfreespanlength
isacceptableforstaticanddynamicloads.Thestaticloadsincludedeadweightofthepipeand
waves¤tinducedhydrodynamicload.Figure1showsoneexampleofstaticpipestress
nearfreespanareas.Thedynamicloadscomefromvortexinducedvibration(VIV,figure2)
andfatiguedamage.
(http://anakkelautan.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/27.jpg)
Figure1.StaticFreeSpanStress
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(http://anakkelautan.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/28.jpg)
Figure2.DynamicVIVLoads
TheDnVRPF105(FreeSpanPipelines,2006)andDnVsFatFreeProgramcanbeusedtocheck
forthemaximumallowablefreespanlength.Iftheactualfreespanlengthexceedsthe
maximumallowablefreespanlength,thefreespanshouldbecorrectedusingoneofthe
mitigationmethodsbelow:
1. Alterationofseabed(cutoffhighseabedspotsbyploughortrencher)
2. Concretemattressorsandcementbags
3. Mechanicalsupport
4. Strakesorfairings
(http://anakkelautan.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/29.jpg)
Figure3.1ExamplesofFreeSpanMitigationMethods(MechanicalSupport)
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(http://anakkelautan.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/30.jpg)
Figure3.2ExamplesofFreeSpanMitigationMethods(Strakes)
(http://anakkelautan.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/311.jpg)
Figure3.3ExamplesofFreeSpanMitigationMethods(Fairings)
Source:
Lee,Jaeyoung.IntroductiontoOffshorePipelinesandRisers.2007.Page87
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