BH50A1200 Energy Systems Engineering 1

Example

Rolls-Royce RB211 is an aeroderivative gas turbine that is based on the Trent aircraft engine
from the same manufacturer. The compressor pressure ratio is specified to be 25,1, turbine
outlet temperature 486 C and mass flow rate through the turbine 107 kg/s. The turbine inlet
temperature is assumed as 1500 K and compressor isentropic efficiency 0,86.

Determine For air

a) compressor outlet temperature when the ambient temperature is 15 C R=287 J/kgK

b) mass flow rate of the fuel and fuel power R=Ru/M

Para el apartado b haremos un
c) thermal efficiency of the cycle balance entre los puntos 2 y 3

f Low
pressure
turbine

a High cg
pressure
turbine
Fluid properties:
mean specific heat of air cp,a = 1040 J/kgK
mean specific heat of the combustion gases cp,cg = 1200 J/kgK
lower heating value of the fuel (methane) qi = 50 MJ/kg

Solution
Cycle on the T,s diagram
BH50A1200 Energy Systems Engineering 2

a) Compressor outlet temperature

The inlet state, pressure ratio and isentropic efficiency of the compressor are known.
u
The specific gas constant = = p v . For air R = 287 J/kgK.

Pressure ratio (compressor)=P2/ 2s 2 p,a Poner siempre en esta ecuacin
P1=Pi_c =( )
Pressure ratio (turbine)=P3/P4=Pi_t
1 1 las temperaturas en kelvin

J
287
kgK
J
p,a 1040
2s = 1 = 288 K 25,1 kgK = 701 K = 428 C
Darse cuenta que siempre el punto
2s 1 real 2 en el compresor tenga un valor
s,c =
2 1 temperatura mayor que el 2s, para
que el rendimiento sea menor a 1

2s 1 (701 288)K
2 = + 1 = + 288 K = 768 K = C
s,c 0,86

b) Fuel mass flow rate and fuel power

Energy balance for the combustion chamber

f (f + i ) f i q_i= lower heating value

a 2 cg 3 cg = a + f cg=combustion gas

The lower heating value of the fuel is known. The enthalpies can be obtained using the specific
heats and temperatures, since for ideal gas h depends only on the temperature. A reference
temperature (where h = 0) must be selected for the calculation.

= p
= p
ref = = p ( ref )

The reference temperature is selected as 0 C.

kJ kJ
1 = p,a (1 ref ) = 1,04 (15 0) C = 16
kgK kg
kJ kJ
2 = p,a (2 ref ) = 1,04 (495 0) C = 515
kgK kg
kJ kJ
3 = p,cg (3 ref ) = 1,2 (1500 273) K = 1472
kgK kg
BH50A1200 Energy Systems Engineering 3

There are 2 unknowns in the energy balance (a and f ) so an additional equation is required,
the mass balance.

Energy balance a 2 + f (f + i ) = cg 3 f i
Mass balance a + f = cg

(cg f )2 + f i = cg 3

kg kJ
cg (3 2 ) 107 s (1472 515) kg kg
f = = = ,
i 2 kJ s
(50 000 515)
kg

Fuel power
kg MJ
f = f i = 2,07 50 = MW
s kg

c) Thermal efficiency
th th,t th,c
th = =
f f

Turbine thermal power th,t = cg (3 4 ) = cg p,cg (3 4 )

kg kJ
th,t = 107 1,2 (1227 486) C = 95,1 MW
s kgK

Compressor thermal power th,c = a (2 1 ) a = cg f

kg kJ
th,c = (107 2) (515 16) = 52,4 MW
s kg

Thermal efficiency
(95,1 52,4)MW
th = = ,
104 MW