Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Kinematics
1. Distance is the total length that an object in motion covers. Displacement is a vector quantity
that indicates the change in position that an object moves in a particular direction. Average
speed is the distance covered per unit time. Average velocity is the displacement divided by the
time interval.
2. The slope of a position-time graph gives the velocity. The slope of a velocity-time graph gives
the acceleration.
3. The area under the curve of a velocity-time graph is the displacement. The area under the
curve of an acceleration-time graph is the velocity.
4. Free fall problems can be solved like other acceleration problems by substituting 'a' for 'g' =
2
9.8 m/s . The sign of 'g' is (+) or (-) depending on whether you choose up or down as the
positive direction.
5. Projectile motion:
- the horizontal component of the velocity remains constant.
- the vertical component of the velocity at the maximum height is zero.
Fluid Mechanics
29. Archimedes' Principle: A body immersed wholly or partially in a fluid is buoyed up by a force
equal in magnitude to the weight of the volume of fluid it displaces.
30. An object will float (sink) in a fluid if the average density of the object is less (greater) than
the density of the fluid.
31. Pascal's Principle: An external pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted throughout
the fluid.
32. Bernoulli's Equation:
a) Systems that are on the same level (y2 - y1 = 0) that experience a change in speed:
As the fluid speeds up its pressure decreases.
b) Systems that experience a change in height:
The cross-sectional area of the pipe is constant, therefore the speed of the fluid does not change.
c) General case where both speed and height changes.
Bernoulli's equation is a mathematical statement of the work-energy theorem in terms of
quantities per volume.