(inner wad) (outer wad) Site - Found between the powder and shots - Covering the shots Made of - Rounded thick & made either of felt or - Rounded thin cardboard compressed cardboard Function - Keeps behind it gases evolved on ignition of - Covers shots and keeps them in place the powder. - Prevents gases from escaping between the shots. - Internal wad acts as a piston driving out the shots Power of -Penetrates the body up to 3 meters -Penetrates the body up to 1 meter. penetration - Causes a circular bruise from 1 to 3 - Causes a bruise from 3 to 10 meters. meters. Types of - Present in all types of smoothbore - present only in sporting gun weapon Differences between black and smokeless powder
Black powder Smokeless powder
Irregular black clumps or Different uniform shapes, colors & Shape& color powder sizes Carbon 15% Nitrocellulose 60% Composition Sulphur10% Nitroglycerine 35% Potassium nitrate 75% Mineral gel 5% Reaction after Alkaline residueN Neutral residue (nitrites and nitrates) Ignition (carbonates & Blue color in diphenylamine test. bicarbonates) Sporting gun and old Sporting gun and rifled weapons Weapons revolver. except old revolver. Inlet Blackening at the inlet Grayish color at the inlet