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As per CPHEEO manual clause the economical cost design of slow sand filter to be adopted
Since slow sand filters work for 24 hrs a day the quantity to be filter per hour
The rate of filtration for slow sand varies between 0.1 M to 0.2 M per hour. Since
sedimentation process followed by Raw water storage tank (3 hrs - storage) has been provided,
the rate of filtration in this can be adopted 0.150 M / hr.
l2 = 2A Where
n + 1 l = Length of wall
b = breadth of wall
b = (n + 1) l A = Total surface area of filter bed
2n n = Nos of filter beds
A = n l b
Therefore, A = 8 l x b
l 2
= 2 x 1000
8 + 1
l 2
= 2000 = 222.22222222
9
l = 14.90711985
Say = 15.00 M
Therefore, A = 8 x l x b
1000 = 8 x 15.00 x b
b = 1000
15 x 8
b = 8.3333333333
Say b = 8.5 M
Hence Ok
Cheak for Over loading
Let us assume 1 Filter bed is Washed at a time
Filteration capacity of each filter = 150 = 0.2 Cum /hr = .2 Cum /hr
15 X 8.5 x 7
Hence Ok
Let filter bed be as under with over all depth of filter bed = 2.70 mt
2.7
1.0mt Initial loading of filter Sand
0.40 mt Gravel
Sand Spcification
Uniformity co-eff = 5
depth in mm = 80 80 80 80 80
= 2868.8 Sqcmt
= 4303.125 Sqcmt
Design of Lateral:-
0.785x0.05812
Design of Orifice:-
100
= 0.19125 Sqm
= 387.5 Cm
110 x 2
3.142
270
with average water depth in tank as 3.0 mts, Surface area of tank = = 90 Sqm
3
16.5 Mts
Unit 1
5.5 Mts
16.5 Mts
3600
Check for Surface loading = = 19.840 Cum/Sqm/Day < 36 Cum/Sqm/Day
90.75 x 2.0
Hence Ok
Overall Depth of each Unit with 3.0 mts standing water depth (SWD) = 3 + 0.3 0 (FB) + 0.3 (Sluddge) +
= 3.6 Mts
6.5 Mts
6.5 Mts
14.0 Mts
Bottom floor slope 1 : 12
For Sludge removal, let is divide the Box Slab in each tank into 2 halves longitudinally and slope be provided
in word to make into to two hopper of 30 x 30 m in the center and sludge removed by by sludge pipe. To economies
construction cost, let the tanks be constructed back to back longitudinally to ensure equal flow into sedimentation tank a
distribution box with rectangular weir and flush type inlet valve to each tank.
For uniform dispersal of flow of water provide perforated baffle wall in front of inlet pipe at 1.2 M away
from the wall.
Design Of interconnecting From Distribution tank(Inlet Equidistrbution Retangular Weir) For Slow sand Filters
Since Separate pipes Are Tobe Give From Distribution Tank to SSF
Dischage In each Filter= 0.00521 Cum/Sec
Assuming the Velocity of flow In the pipe as= 0.5 M/sec
Dia of pipe= 0.00521 x 4
0.5 x 3.142
= 0.1152
Provide 100 mm Dia CI Pipe
Now, Velocity in pipe V=Q/A
V= 0.00521
0.785 X 0.1 X 0.1
= 0.66
Hence Ok
Calculation Of Head Losses in pipe:
For SSF 1,SSF 4 on either side
Length of pipe= 30 m
Hazen Willam Constant= 100
Area of Cross Section in pipe A= 3.142 X 100 X 100 = 7855 mm2
4
Wetted perimeter = 3.142 x 100 = 314.2 mm
Hydraulic Mean Radius r = 25 mm = 0.025 m
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula V= Q/A=0.854XCX r.63xS0.54 0.63 0.54
0.66 = 0.854 x 100 x 0.025 x S
S = 0.00498 m/m
Frictional Losses= 0.16434 m
Out let RL at Distribution Box= 595.03 M
inlet RL at Distribution Chamber= 594.86566 M
Design Of interconnecting From Slow sand Filters Out let to Rure Water Sump
One of Slow Sand Filter = 8 Nos.
Qty of water to be Treated= 143.75 Cum/Hr
Qty of water to be Treated by each pipe= 17.9688 Cum/Hr
= 0.00499 Cum/Sec
a. From SSF 1 to Junction SSF2
Since pipes Are inter connceted from SSF 1 to SSF2
Discharge in pipe = 0.0049913 Cum/Sec
Assuming the Velocity of flow In the pipe as= 0.5 M/sec
Dia of pipe= 0.00499 x 4
0.5 x 3.142
= 0.1127
Provide 100 mm Dia CI Pipe
Now, Velocity in pipe V=Q/A
V= 0.00499
0.785 X 0.1 X 0.1
= 0.636 M/sec
Hence Ok
Calculation Of Head Losses in pipe:
Length of pipe= 15 m
Hazen Willam Constant= 100
Area of Cross Section in pipe A= 3.142 X 100 X 100 = 7855 mm2
4
Wetted perimeter = 3.142 x 100 = 314.2 mm
Hydraulic Mean Radius r = 25 mm = 0.025 m
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula V= Q/A=0.854XCX r xS
.63 0.54
0.63 0.54
0.64 = 0.854 x 100 x 0.025 x S
S = 0.00498 m/m
Frictional Losses= 0.08217 m
Out let RL at Slow Sand Filter = 593.88 M
RL at Outlet of SSF 2 = 593.798 M
Length of pipe= 15 m
Hazen Willam Constant= 100
Area of Cross Section in pipe A= 3.142 X 150 X 150 = 17674 mm2
4
Wetted perimeter = 3.142 x 150 = 471.3 mm
Hydraulic Mean Radius r = 37.5 mm = 0.0375 m
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula V= Q/A=0.854XCX r xS
.63 0.54
0.63 0.54
0.57 = 0.854 x 100 x 0.0375 x S
S = 0.00498 m/m
Frictional Losses= 0.08217 m
RL at Outlet of SSF 2 = 593.798 M
RL at Outlet of SSF 3= 593.716 M
Length of pipe= 30 m
Hazen Willam Constant= 100
Area of Cross Section in pipe A= 3.142 X 150 X 150 = 17674 mm2
4
Wetted perimeter = 3.142 x 150 = 471.3 mm
Hydraulic Mean Radius r = 37.5 mm = 0.0375 m
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula V= Q/A=0.854XCX r xS
.63 0.54
0.63 0.54
0.85 = 0.854 x 100 x 0.0375 x S
S = 0.00498 m/m
Frictional Losses= 0.16434 m
Out let RL at Raw water Sump= 593.716 M
inlet RL at Distribution Chamber= 593.551 M
Length of pipe= 30 m
Hazen Willam Constant= 100
Area of Cross Section in pipe A= 3.142 X 200 X 200 = 31420 mm2
4
Wetted perimeter = 3.142 x 200 = 628.4 mm
Hydraulic Mean Radius r = 50 mm = 0.05 m
Now, Accroding to Hazen Willams Formula V= Q/A=0.854XCX r xS
.63 0.54
0.63 0.54
0.64 = 0.854 x 100 x 0.05 x S
S = 0.00498 m/m
Frictional Losses= 0.16434 m
RL at Outlet of SSF 3 = 593.551 M
RL at inlet Level of Sump = 593.387 M