Example: A recent survey of a new cola reported the following percentages of people

who liked the taste. Find the weighted mean of the percentages
AREA %favored No. surveyed xw
1 40 1000 40000
2 30 3000 90000
3 50 400 20000
x w (freq)
SUM(wx) 150000
WM= SUM(wx)/SUM(w) total frequenc SUM(w)= 4400

WM= 34.090909091 mean percentage

x w Total amount
EXAMPLE:Gas Stations Peso/Liter# Liters boughtwx
1 54.5 10 545
2 55.13 12 661.56
3 56.05 15 840.75
4 50.98 18 917.64
x w sum(wx)= 2964.95
ave price/liter? sum(w)= 55

WM= Sum(wx)/sum(w)
AveP/L= 53.90818

EXAMPLE:
xi f cf xf xi - mean (x-mean)^2f*(x-meanabs(x-mean)*f
12 3 3 36 12 144 432 36
18 1 4 18 18 324 324 18
21 5 9 105 21 441 2205 105
28 2 11 56 28 784 1568 56
35 3 14 105 35 1225 3675 105
Sum(f)= 14 SUM(xf)= SUM((x-mean)^ 8204 SUM=
320 320
12 12 12 18 21 21 21
21 21 28 28 35 35 35
MEAN=
n-1=
VARIANCE= 68.43956
STDEV= 8.272821
MD=
RMS=
MEDIAN= n/2 =7
MODE=

ExamplesFind the mean, median, mode, midrange, GM and HM.

Observed values: 15 21 34 56 59
89 90 95 98 99
 n=10 Note: 5th & 6th are the middle values
Mean= 65.6 65.6 xcelfunc=average
Median= 74 74
n/2=5 xcelfunc=median
Mode= none
Midrange= 57

GM= 55.17021674 55.17022 xcelfunc=geomean

product= 2.612443E+17
HM= 43.162564602 43.16256 xcelfunc=harmean
sum of recip
0.2316822481
Reciprocals: 0.0666666667 0.047619 0.029411765 0.017857 0.016949
0.0112359551 0.011111 0.010526316 0.010204 0.010101
EXAMPLE:Find the sample variance, standard deviation, mean deviation and the root mean square of the
previous data.
x x-mean (x-mean)^2 abs(x-mean) x^2
15 -50.6 2560.36 50.6 225
21 -44.6 1989.16 44.6 441
34 -31.6 998.56 31.6 1156
56 -9.6 92.16 9.6 3136
59 -6.6 43.56 6.6 3481
89 23.4 547.56 23.4 7921
90 24.4 595.36 24.4 8100
95 29.4 864.36 29.4 9025
98 32.4 1049.76 32.4 9604
99 33.4 1115.56 33.4 9801
SUM= 9856.4 286 52890
n-1 9
MEAN= 65.6
Variance= 1095.155556 1095.1555556 (var function) pop. Var 985.64
Std Dev= 33.09313457 33.093134568 (std dev function) pop std 31.3949
MD= 28.6
RMS= 72.72551134

EXAMPLE: FIND THE MEAN

3 4 8 9
7 9 4 7
8 9 2 1 n=12

MEAN=sumof x/total frequency

sum of x= 71
n= 12
MEAN= 5.916666667 or 5.92
USING EXCEL : AVERAGE
MEAN= 5.916666667

ARRANGED VALUES:
1 2 3 4 4 7
 7 8 8 9 9 9
n=12 even
n/2=12/2 =6
middle values=6th & 7th
Median= =(6th +7th)/2
=(7+7 )/2 = 7
Median= 7 Excel function - median

Mode= 9 highest frequency

9

DATA: 14 10 8 11
MEAN= 10.75
x (x-mean)^2
14 10.5625
10 0.5625
8 7.5625
11 0.0625
SUM= 18.75
Variance= =sum(x-mean)^2 / (n-1)
Variance= 6.25
Variance= 6.25
Std Dev= = sqrt(var)
Std Dev= 2.5
Std Dev= 2.5 using stdev

Mean Dev 1.75

RMS= 10.9658561
 GR UNITS
2.5 3 7.5
3 1 3
5 1 5
3 2 6
21.5
AVE= 3.071429

x^2
144
324
441
784
1225
SUM=
2918
Example 2

Step 1: Choose the arbitrary # of classes, say 8 classes

Step 2: Range=highest-lowest=40-1=39
Step 3: class width = w = Range/# of classes = 39/8 = 4.875 or 5

Class limits class boundaries f cf Xm f*Xm

1 5 0.5 5.5 11 11 3
median class 6 10 5.5 10.5 9 20 8
11 15 10.5 15.5 6 26 13
16 20 15.5 20.5 5 31 18
21 25 20.5 25.5 6 37 23
26 30 25.5 30.5 0 37 28
31 35 30.5 35.5 2 39 33
36 40 35.5 40.5 1 40 38
40 0
n= sum(f) sum(f*Xm)

Mean=sum(f*Xm)/n
Mean= 0

n
cf
median (Md ) 2 w Lmd
f

middle value is based on n/2: n/2= 20 cf= 11

Lmd= 6 f= 9
w= 5
Md= 11

Median: 2 3 6 6 8 9 12 14
4th 5th

Md= (6+8)/2 7
grouped data

Class Limits Frequency

class limits CB f
90-98 6 90 98 89.5 98.5 6
99-107 22 99 107 98.5 107.5 22
108-116 43 median class/modal 108 116 107.5 116.5 43
117-125 28 117 125 116.5 125.5 28
126-134 9 126 134 125.5 134.5 9
n=
Find: Mean,
median &
Mode
w= 9 Mean= 113
n/2= 54
n median class = 3rd class Median= 113.4419
cf
median (Md ) 2 w Lmd f= 43
f cf= 28 Mode= 113.25

Lmd= 108
mod e ( Mo ) L
modal class= 3rd class(w/highest freq) Mo
d1
w= 9
__
Lmo= 108 3 X Md
d1= lf3-f2 l 21 SK
s
d2= l f4-f3 l 15

Ungrouped: Standard deviation

Example: 3 5 12 8 9
32 7 9 15 12
Find s^2 and s:

mean = 12.28571 (excel functions)

variance = 55.45055
std dev= 7.446513
HW: SK= ?
K= ?
Median= ?
mode= ?
 cf Xm f*Xm f*Xm^2 f*(mean-Xm)^4
6 94 564 53016 781926
28 103 2266 233398 220000
71 112 4816 539392 43
99 121 3388 409948 114688
108 130 1170 152100 751689
108 SUM= 12204 1387854 1868346

f x f x var= 82.26168
2 2
2
n
s stdev= 9.069823
n n 1

SK= -0.146153
(almost symmetrical)
d1
mod e( Mo) LMo w
K= 2.556456
d1 d 2
(platykurtic)
__
3 X Md
SK
s

(x-mean)^2
13 23 86.3041 53.1441 0.0841 18.4041 10.8241 0.5041
11 13 388.4841 27.9841 10.8241 7.3441 0.0841 1.6641

720.8574

var= 55.45057 (manual computation)

stdev= 7.446514
114.7041
0.5041
 Example 1: 19, 12, 16, 0, 14, 9 , 6, 1 , 12 ,13, 10, 19, 7, 5, 8
n=15 Find: Q1, Q2, Q3, SIQR, D6 & D8
k Arranged Data
1 0 n=15
2 1
3 5
4 6 4th Q1: i=1 k=(n+1)/4 k= 4 FO RMULA: k=i/4 (n+1)
5 7 Q1= 6 4th Qi=kth Value
6 8 Q2=median k=8
7 9 i=2 Q2= 10 8th k=i/10 (n+1)
8 10 8th k=(n+1)/2 Di=kth value
9 12 9th
10 12 10th Q3; i= 3 k= 12
11 13 k=3(n+1)/4 Q3= 14 12th
12 14 12th
13 16 13th SIQR=(Q3-Q1)/2 SIQR= 4
14 19 k= 12.8 (bet 12th & 13th)
15 19 k= 9.6 D8= (by interpolation)
D6= 12

Example: 2 3 8 12 15 17 25 32 n=8

Q3=? k=(3/4)(n+1) k= 6.75

Solve for k by interpolation.
k Q k
6 17 1
6.75 x 1.75
7 25 2

x=Q3=23 ans

NOTE: For DECILE, k=(i/10)(n+1)

Ex 67 69 70 71 74 77 78 82 89

i=1 k= 2.5 interpolate bet 2nd and 3rd

Q1= 69.5 70
74
i=3 k= 7.5
Q3= 80 78

IR= 10.5
Q
3
x
8
Example on grouped data

Class limits class boundaries f cf Xm f*Xm

91 95 90.5 95.5 12 12 93 1116
median class 96 100 95.5 100.5 25 37 98 2450
101 105 100.5 105.5 5 42 103 515
106 110 105.5 110.5 8 50 108 864
n= 50

50 SUM(f*Xm)= 4945
n= sum(f) sum(f*Xm)

Mean=sum(f*Xm)/n
Mean= 98.9

n
cf
median (Md ) 2 w Lmd
f

middle value is based on n/2: n/2= 25 cf= 12

Lmd= 95.5 f= 25
w= 5
Md= 98.1

Modal Class is the second class.

d1 Lmo= 95.5
mod e( Mo) LMo w
d1 d 2 w= 5
d1= 13
Mo= 97.4697 d2= 20

f x f x
Variance: 2 2
n
s2
n n 1

Var= 24.17347
Std dev= 4.916652
 f*Xm^2
103788
240100
53045
93312

490245
sum(f*Xm^2)
#1: Find the variance and standard deviation of the following data

2 3 5 6 8
10 12 15 18 20
n= 10
x x
2
i
s 2
(variance)
n 1
Excel Function
xbar= 9.9 (average) 9.9
var=s^2= 38.98889 (var)
s= 6.244108 (stdev) 0
Note: s=sqrt(var)
s= 6.244108 (sqrt(var))
xi xi-xbar (xi-xbar)^2
2 -7.9 62.41
3 -6.9 47.61
5 -4.9 24.01
6 -3.9 15.21
8 -1.9 3.61
10 0.1 0.01
12 2.1 4.41
15 5.1 26.01
18 8.1 65.61
20 10.1 102.01
SUM= 350.9
n-1= 9
s^2= 38.9888889 ans Variance
s= 6.24410833 ans Std deviation
EXAmple:
xi f xi*f
12 3 36 12 12 12 15 23
15 1 15 23 23 23 23
23 5 115
SUM= 166

xbar= 18.44444 18.44444

var= 30.02778
s= 5.479761
Example 2

Step 1: Choose the arbitrary # of classes, say 8 classes

Step 2: Range=highest-lowest=40-1=39
Step 3: class width = w = Range/# of classes = 39/8 = 4.875 or 5
Class Midpt
CLASS INTERVAL CLASS BOUNDARY ClassMark cf
LL UL Tally f
1 5 lllll-lllll-l 11 0.5 5.5 3
6 10 etc 5.5 10.5 8
11 15 10.5 15.5 13
16 20 15.5 20.5 18
21 25 20.5 25.5 23
26 30 25.5 30.5 28
31 35 30.5 35.5 33
36 40 35.5 40.5 38
SEATWORK:

FIND THE FF: xi f

MEAN= 23 3
n-1= 31 2
VARIANCE= 33 1
STDEV= 46 4
MD= 49 2
RMS= 51 6
MEDIAN=
MODE=
Example: A recent survey of a new cola reported the following percentages of people
who liked the taste. Find the weighted mean of the percentages
AREA %favored No. surveyed xw
1 40 1000 40000
2 30 3000 90000
3 50 400 20000
x w (freq)
SUM(wx) 150000
WM= SUM(wx)/SUM(w) total frequencySUM(w)= 4400

WM= 34.0909 mean percentage

x w Total amount
EXAMPLE: Gas Stations Peso/Liter# Liters bought wx
1 54.5 10 545
2 55.13 12 661.56
3 56.05 15 840.75
4 50.98 18 917.64
x w sum(wx)= 2964.95
ave price/liter? sum(w)= 55

WM= Sum(wx)/sum(w)
AveP/L= 53.90818

EXAMPLE:
xi f cf xf xi - mean (x-mean)^2 f*(x-mean)^2abs(x-mean)*f x^2
23 3 3 69 -24 576 1728 72 529
34 1 4 34 -13 169 169 13 1156
41 5 9 205 -6 36 180 30 1681
58 2 11 116 11 121 242 22 3364
78 3 14 234 31 961 2883 93 6084
Sum(f)= 14 SUM(xf)= SUM((x-mean)^2 5202 SUM= SUM=
658 230 12814
23 23 23 34 41 41 41
41 41 58 58 78 78 78
MEAN= 47
n-1= 13
VARIANCE= 400.154 400.1538
STDEV= 20.0038 20.00385
MD= 16.4286
RMS= 4.05322
MEDIAN= 41 n/2 =7
MODE= 41
Find the mean.
Observed values: 15 21 34 56 59
 89 90 95 98 99
n=10
Mean= 65.6 xcelfunc=average
Median= 74
xcelfunc=median
Mode= none
Midrange= 57

GM= 55.1702 xcelfunc=geomean

HM= 43.1626 xcelfunc=harmean
VARIANCE= 1095.16 xcelfunc=var
STDEV= 33.0931 33.09313 xcelfunc=stdev
sqrt(variance)

EXAMPLE: FIND THE MEAN

3 4 8 9
7 9 4 7
8 9 2 1 n=12

MEAN=sumof x/total frequency

sum of x= 71
n= 12
MEAN= 5.9166667 or 5.92
USING EXCEL : AVERAGE
MEAN= 5.9166667

ARRANGED VALUES:
1 2 3 4 4 7
7 8 8 9 9 9
n=12 even
n/2=12/2 =6
middle values=6th & 7th
Median= =(6th +7th)/2
=(7+7 )/2 = 7
Median= 7 Excel function - median

Mode= 9 highest frequency

9

DATA: 14 10 8 11
MEAN= 10.75
x (x-mean)^2
14 10.5625
10 0.5625
8 7.5625
11 0.0625
SUM= 18.75
Variance= =sum(x-mean)^2 / (n-1)
Variance= 6.25
Variance= 6.25
Std Dev= = sqrt(var)
Std Dev= 2.5
Std Dev= 2.5 using stdev

Mean Dev. 1.75

RMS= 10.965856
GR UNITS
2.5 3 7.5
3 1 3
5 1 5
3 2 6
21.5
AVE= 3.071429