AASHTO

LOAD AND RESISTANCE FACTOR

LRFD
BRIDGE DESIGN
SPECIFICATIONS
LRFD IMPLEMENTATION
BY
OHIO DEPARTMENT OF
TRANSPORTATION
 1. All new bridges on which
States initiate preliminary
engineering after October 1,
2007, shall be designed by
the LRFD Specifications.

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/lrfd/index.htm
 2. All new culverts, retaining
walls, and other standard
structures on which States
initiate preliminary
engineering after October 1,
2010, shall be designed by
LRFD Specifications, with
the assumption that the
specifications and software
for these structures are
"mature" at this time.
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/lrfd/index.htm
 3. States unable to meet these
dates will provide
justification and a schedule
for completing the
transition to LRFD.

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/lrfd/index.htm
 4. For modifications to
existing structures, States
would have the option of
using LRFD Specifications
or the specifications which
were used for the original
design.

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/lrfd/index.htm
http://www.dot.state.oh.us/se/
1. Major Projects as defined by the
PDP Projects starting Step 6
after July 20, 2007 shall have
the structures designed using the
LRFD Bridge Specifications.
2. Minor Projects as defined by the
PDP Projects starting Step 3
after July 20, 2007 shall have
the structures designed using the
LRFD Bridge Specifications.
3. Minimal Projects as defined by
the PDP Projects starting Step 1
after July 20, 2007 shall have the
structures designed using the
LRFD Bridge Specifications.
Local projects using the Federal Aid and
the ODOT PDP process shall have the
structures designed using the LRFD
Bridge Specifications after October 1,
2007 .
This commitment does not apply to the
rehabilitation of existing structures. Until
further notice, the design for rehabilitation
of existing structures should be in
accordance with the AASHTO Standard
Specifications for Highway Bridges, 17th
Edition, and the ODOT Bridge Design
Manual.
This commitment does not apply to the
rehabilitation of existing structures. Until
further notice, the design for rehabilitation
of existing structures should be in
accordance with the AASHTO Standard
Specifications for Highway Bridges, 17th
Edition, and the ODOT Bridge Design
Manual.
The Departments Consultants Committee has
decided that completion of specific training
courses will not be a prequalification requirement.
However, beginning immediately all website
This commitment
postings does not
for new consultant applythat
contracts to include
the
rehabilitation
bridge design willofinclude
existing structures.toUntil
a requirement
furtherthe
address notice, theand
training design for rehabilitation
experience (in LRFD) of
the
of proposed
existing staff.
structures should be in
accordance with the AASHTO Standard
Additionally, firms with current contracts that will
Specifications
require LRFD as afor Highway
result Bridges, 17th
of the project
Edition, andschedule
development the ODOT
will beBridge Design
required to
Manual. an adequate combination of training
demonstrate
and experience in the new design methods.
 ODOT
LOAD AND RESISTANCE
FACTOR DESIGN
TRAINING COURSES
LRFD Loads & General Overview
Reinforced Concrete Design

Prestressed Concrete Design

Steel Design
Foundation Design
ONLINE REGISTRATION
 LRFD BRIDGE DESIGN
SPECIFICATIONS
AND
THE 2007 ODOT
BRIDGE DESIGN MANUAL
BDM SECTION 1000:
LISTS AND ADDRESSES
THE EXCEPTIONS TAKEN
BY THE OhioDOT TO THE
LRFD BRIDGE DESIGN
SPECIFICATIONS
LOADS, LOAD COMBINATIONS
AND
LIMIT STATES
Load Definitions
Permanent Loads
DD - Downdrag EH - Horizontal Earth
DC - Structural Components Pressure
and Attachments EL - Locked-In Force Effects
DW - Wearing Surfaces and Including Pretension
Utilities ES - Earth Surcharge Load
EV - Vertical Pressure of
Earth Fill
Load Definitions
Transient Loads
BR - Veh. Braking Force LS - Live Load Surcharge
CE - Veh. Centrifugal Force PL - Pedestrian Live Load
CR - Creep SE - Settlement
SH - Shrinkage
CT - Veh. Collision Force
TG - Temperature Gradient
CV - Vessel Collision Force
TU - Uniform Temperature
EQ - Earthquake WA - Water Load
FR - Friction WL - Wind on Live Load
IC - Ice Load WS - Wind Load on Structure
LL - Veh. Live Load
IM - Dynamic Load
Allowance
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS LIVE LOAD MODEL
LRFD LIVE LOAD MODEL
 Load Combinations and Load Factors
DC Use One of These at a Time
DD LL
DW IM
EH CE
EV BR TU
Load ES PL CR
Combination EL LS WA WS WL FR SH TG SE EQ IC CT CV
Strength I p 1.75 1.00 --- --- 1.00 0.50/1.20 tg se --- --- --- ---
Strength II p 1.35 1.00 --- --- 1.00 0.50/1.20 tg se --- --- --- ---
Strength III p --- 1.00 1.40 --- 1.00 0.50/1.20 tg se --- --- --- ---
Strength IV p --- 1.00 --- --- 1.00 0.50/1.20 --- --- --- --- --- ---
Strength V p 1.35 1.00 0.40 1.00 1.00 0.50/1.20 tg se --- --- --- ---
Ext Event I p eq 1.00 --- --- 1.00 --- --- --- 1.00 --- --- ---
Ext Event II p 0.50 1.00 --- --- 1.00 --- --- --- --- 1.00 1.00 1.00
Service I 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.30 1.00 1.00 1.00/1.20 tg se --- --- --- ---
Service II 1.00 1.30 1.00 --- --- 1.00 1.00/1.20 --- --- --- --- --- ---
Service III 1.00 0.80 1.00 --- --- 1.00 1.00/1.20 tg se --- --- --- ---
Service IV 1.00 --- 1.00 0.70 --- 1.00 1.00/1.20 --- 1.00 --- --- --- ---
Fatigue --- 0.75 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Load Combination Descriptions
Strength I: Basic load combination relating to the normal
vehicular use of the bridge without wind.

Strength II: Load combination relating to the use of the bridge

by Owner-specified special design vehicles,
evaluation permit vehicles, or both, without wind.

Strength III: Load combination relating to the bridge exposed to

wind in excess of 55 mph.

Strength IV: Load combination relating to very high dead load

to live load force effect ratios.

Strength V: Load combination relating to normal vehicular use

with a wind of 55 mph.
Load Combination Descriptions
Extreme Event I: Load combination including earthquakes.

Extreme Event II: Load combination relating to ice load,

collision by vessels and vehicles, and certain
hydraulic events with a reduced live load.
Load Combination Descriptions
Service I: Load combination relating to normal operational
use of the bridge with a 55 mph wind and all
loads at nominal values.

Service II: Load combination intended to control yielding of

steel structures and slip of slip-critical connections
due to vehicular load.

Service III: Load combination relating only to tension in

prestressed concrete superstructures with the
objective of crack control.

Service IV: Load combination relating only to tension in

prestressed concrete columns with the
objective of crack control.
Load Combination Descriptions
Fatigue: Fatigue and fracture load combination relating to
repetitive gravitational vehicular live load and
dynamic responses under a single design truck.